ALMAGHRIBIA — broadcast
20260920 233000 UTC
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[00:00:00] It is expected that there will be a rainy season in the far south which will bring occasional stormy rains on
[00:00:05] which is Cadi Wednesday, Thursday, covering and provide us with their achievements. them to astronomy Friday, Saturday
[00:00:07] and Sunday. Ayyad University The weather will always be hot in the same
[00:00:12] which is headed areas with low clouds accompanied by fog banks
[00:00:14] by Professor Zouhair near the coasts. The sky will be partly cloudy to relatively
[00:00:16] cloudy in the southeastern part of the country
[00:00:21] and and also in the far southern regions of the country.
[00:00:24] Now, for the forecasts for the Greater Maghreb
[00:00:26] that perhaps do not countries, Europe, and the Middle East. Thank you for following,
[00:00:30] and see you again.
[00:00:32] the types of asteroids Under the high patronage of His Majesty King Mohammed astronomical
[00:00:37] we can know in advance And at the same time,
[00:00:57] this year, 2026.
[00:01:01] Tetouan, Rabat,
[00:01:04] El Jadida, three stations.
[00:01:07] Three weeks of competition for the most skilled riders
[00:01:11] in the world. Grand Prix races for the Nations Cup in the fourth
[00:01:15] category, and for the first
[00:01:17] time, the
[00:01:19] In this regard, we mention, World Cup championship for five-star horses.
[00:01:22] The Royal Moroccan League for Show Jumping.
[00:01:27] mathematical problems. Excitement and passion
[00:01:28] by Abi al-Ali al-Hasan renewed.
[00:01:34] We can also Zilal fi Mabahith Ru'yat The Berber Arabian Berber
[00:01:37] Arabian. Every horse here moves with the spirit
[00:01:40] development
[00:01:41] It should not be overlooked of Morocco, the strength of Tbourida, the agility
[00:01:44] that had no basis in truth, of show jumping, and the magic of equestrian
[00:01:46] show evenings. Traditions, history,
[00:01:49] and sport. Under the high patronage of His Majesty King
[00:01:52] Mohammed VI, may God protect him. The horse exhibition is renewed.
[00:01:56] From
[00:01:58] al-Saffar, who also 13 to 18 October
[00:02:03] of research 2026, at the Mohammed
[00:02:07] Greek superstitions. VI Exhibition Center in El Jadida. By participating
[00:02:14] of astronomical tools that Morocco was not outside
[00:02:22] the ray quadrant, in the national security competitions, you aspire to achieve your ambition
[00:02:26] in serving the nation and its citizens.
[00:02:38] to astronomy,
[00:02:38] and Shadow Quadrants). Historical evidence indicates
[00:02:41] With efficiency and merit,
[00:02:44] of contemporary scientific you can access various police
[00:02:47] It now has a number specializations.
[00:02:48] Don't be afraid.
[00:02:53] and simplify According to the nature of university
[00:02:56] certificates and the candidate's personal qualifications.
[00:03:18] of amateur astronomers.
[00:03:19] is a museum that reflects
[00:03:35] Hurry and register your applications on the electronic
[00:03:38] portal for national security competitions
[00:03:41] to take the first step towards achieving your ambition
[00:03:45] and contribute to the
[00:03:47] with the public.
[00:04:00] specifically are currently
[00:04:08] to be a rare field.
[00:04:13] The interest in modern
[00:04:25] the reopening of this house
[00:04:27] was included in the rehabilitation
[00:04:32] these astronomical
[00:04:36] affiliated with Cadi
[00:04:40] From the very beginning of human developing
[00:04:40] the ascending and descending journey on Earth, man has always
[00:04:43] and so on, looked up at the sky above him,
[00:04:45] drawing pictures and imaginations according to his limited knowledge
[00:04:49] and the scarcity of observation and exploration
[00:04:52] capabilities of the universe. After that, human consciousness
[00:04:58] a unique scientific which is called Dar Al-Muwaqqit, evolved towards space, and a special science emerged: astronomy.
[00:05:01] It is considered one of the oldest natural sciences, as
[00:05:05] international
[00:05:05] This house contains astronomical a number of ancient astronomical observatories have been discovered
[00:05:09] and the festival marked in all regions of the world, especially in the regions of ancient civilizations.
[00:05:12] Early astronomers tracked the movements of stars,
[00:05:15] the sun, the moon, and planets, and used them as a basis
[00:05:19] for clocks and calendars. Then this science developed with
[00:05:23] the Greeks, whose scientists developed the law of gravity,
[00:05:26] the movement of comets, the shape of the Earth,
[00:05:29] and other secrets
[00:05:32] of the universe. But the peak of astronomical
[00:05:36] sciences was witnessed by the world with the Islamic
[00:05:39] civilization during the Middle Ages. The scientists of this
[00:05:43] civilization excelled remarkably, as they drew maps of celestial
[00:05:45] bodies and strived to make measurements of the Earth
[00:05:49] and its circumference, as done by the famous astronomer
[00:05:52] Abu Rayhan al-Biruni, who developed an ingenious
[00:05:56] mathematical equation to measure the Earth's circumference
[00:05:59] in a simple scientific way that is still relied upon
[00:06:06] This urban development in astronomy did not leave
[00:06:10] Moroccans isolated, as they were pioneers
[00:06:13] in a number of astronomical efforts after astronomy
[00:06:17] was officially established as a science taught,
[00:06:20] first, at the Al-Qarawiyyin
[00:06:25] University in Fez. Regarding astronomy,
[00:06:29] I must point out here that it is one of the ancient
[00:06:32] sciences known to humanity. Why? Because man was always
[00:06:35] fascinated by what was above him in the sky:
[00:06:39] stars, planets, the sun, the moon, and other
[00:06:43] components that he was amazed by, researched,
[00:06:46] and looked at. And so,
[00:06:49] astronomy in previous periods was associated
[00:06:53] with many superstitions
[00:06:57] as was the case for the Greeks
[00:07:00] who talked about many superstitions that resulted
[00:07:04] from these
[00:07:07] stars that are before us, as well as galaxies.
[00:07:11] In this context, this was called Greek Mythology,
[00:07:14] or Greek mythology, which is simply
[00:07:20] In this context, we will find
[00:07:23] this framework, but rather stars were sometimes
[00:07:26] worshipped by some ancients because they
[00:07:29] considered them to be gods or something of that sort.
[00:07:33] But with Islam, astronomy became a science,
[00:07:36] and there was a distinction between something called
[00:07:40] astrology and a science
[00:07:45] called astronomy.
[00:07:49] that the ancient capitals of Morocco in the Islamic
[00:07:52] era were usually built according to specific
[00:07:56] astronomical calculations, based on the direction
[00:07:59] of the Qibla when building the main mosque, which
[00:08:03] is the center of old cities such as Fez, Marrakesh,
[00:08:06] Meknes, Rabat, and other Moroccan
[00:08:09] metropolises. Therefore, astronomy has remained
[00:08:13] strongly present among Moroccans for centuries,
[00:08:16] to the extent that the world today acknowledges the scientific
[00:08:20] contributions of Moroccan astronomers who excelled
[00:08:23] in astronomy in general or in timekeeping
[00:08:26] in particular. Al-Qarawiyyin University,
[00:08:30] which was founded in the ninth century CE, began teaching sciences,
[00:08:34] led by astronomy, as a functional science,
[00:08:37] where those who perform several operations,
[00:08:41] including timekeeping, which is an essential science
[00:08:44] for knowing prayer times, fasting times, or other
[00:08:48] times related to the new moons, as the new
[00:08:51] moons are essentially
[00:08:53] related to these matters
[00:09:00] that we have discussed. Moroccans excelled in the science
[00:09:03] of timekeeping, one of the branches of astronomy, if we may say so.
[00:09:07] It is the science that researches stars and their orbits,
[00:09:11] and knowing the times of worship, the number of years,
[00:09:14] the direction of the Qibla, the new moons,
[00:09:18] and solar and lunar eclipses, and the manufacture of astronomical
[00:09:22] instruments. The interest in astronomical
[00:09:25] timekeeping resulted in the establishment of what
[00:09:29] was called Dar Al-Muwaqqit (House of the Timekeeper)
[00:09:32] in a number of Moroccan cities, where Dar Al-Muwaqqit, as one of the ancient
[00:09:36] institutions,
[00:09:39] and reform program
[00:09:42] under high royal instructions. This science, astronomy,
[00:09:45] searches for the moon,
[00:09:48] planets, stars,
[00:09:53] signs,
[00:09:55] of astronomical matters. But this science, as I said
[00:09:59] earlier, is a general science, and it includes what is called
[00:10:03] the science of adjustment, or the science of timekeeping.
[00:10:05] This science is important to Muslim
[00:10:09] scholars because through timekeeping,
[00:10:12] they can determine prayer times,
[00:10:16] the direction of the Qibla, and
[00:10:19] the sighting of the new moons and eclipses.
[00:10:23] This science is a noble science, meaning the science
[00:10:27] of prayer, because if a person wants to pray,
[00:10:30] they must know the prayer times,
[00:10:34] and prayer is a specific act of worship
[00:10:37] at a specific time. That is why Allah Almighty
[00:10:41] said, "Indeed, prayer has been decreed
[00:10:44] upon the believers at specified times." He also said,
[00:10:47] "Establish prayer from the decline of the sun
[00:10:51] until the darkness of the night." Also, if we want to know
[00:10:55] the days we fast or the days when the Eid
[00:10:59] is, through this science,
[00:11:02] when Ramadan begins, when Eid al-Fitr
[00:11:05] is, when Arafah is, when Eid al-Adha
[00:11:09] is, when the beginning of the Hijri year is, and so on,
[00:11:12] for matters related to acts of worship.
[00:11:16] Dar Al-Muwaqqit in Fez contains treasures of ancient
[00:11:18] astronomical scientific heritage, reflecting
[00:11:22] the care given to the process of setting times and seasons
[00:11:25] in Moroccan Islamic culture.
[00:11:28] Moroccan astronomical communication is evidenced
[00:11:31] by the contributions of ancient Moroccan scholars
[00:11:35] in developing the science of timekeeping and astronomy
[00:11:38] in general, in terms of authorship, teaching, and
[00:11:42] manufacturing. for example, Abu Jamea'
[00:11:46] Al-Mabadi' wal-Ghayat fi Ilm al-Miqat
[00:11:53] al-Marrakushi, and Al-Adeb
[00:11:57] al-Hilal by Ibn Abd al-Razzaq, and other manuscript
[00:12:01] works by a large number of Moroccan astronomers.
[00:12:06] that timekeeping was associated with many
[00:12:10] tables that our scholars used to create in previous
[00:12:13] stages, such as Ibn Said al-Susi,
[00:12:16] who developed a system and wrote a book in this field,
[00:12:19] as well as
[00:12:23] wrote a book in this field,
[00:12:25] in addition to others who created such works,
[00:12:29] like Abu al-Hakushi, who also had a collection
[00:12:33] of tables in this field for timekeeping.
[00:12:36] They relied on a set
[00:12:39] and instruments, among which are the astrolabe,
[00:12:43] the quadrant, the seven-division quadrant,
[00:12:47] and the shadow instrument, which was invented by Sayyid Abd al-Salam
[00:12:51] al-Alami, may God have mercy on him, who wrote a book
[00:12:54] in this field called "Irshad al-Khalq li Ma'rifat
[00:12:57] al-Makana bi Rub' al-Shu'a wal-Dhil" (Guidance for Creation
[00:13:01] on Knowing the Place by the Ray
[00:13:03] They also made a collection of sundials,
[00:13:06] as well as water clocks, and
[00:13:10] clocks associated with astrolabes.
[00:13:13] It is known that the water clocks that were working
[00:13:17] for the day had to be
[00:13:18] linked and compatible
[00:13:22] with the period they were in, meaning according to the four
[00:13:26] seasons, and this is primarily related
[00:13:28] to astrolabes that were found, especially
[00:13:32] in the timekeepers' room that was located
[00:13:35] at Al-Qarawiyyin University or in other mosques in Morocco.
[00:13:39] Dar Al-Muwaqqit in Fez
[00:13:44] the Moroccans' pioneering role in astronomy,
[00:13:47] especially in the science of timekeeping.
[00:13:51] Therefore, this house was considered part of the World
[00:13:55] Heritage Sites according to UNESCO's classification
[00:13:58] in 1981. The house was equipped
[00:14:02] with a number of old astrolabes and a number
[00:14:05] of scientific astronomy
[00:14:07] equipment, observation
[00:14:14] and calendar tools, and calculation tools that
[00:14:17] ancient astronomers relied on and were a source
[00:14:20] of inspiration in making modern astronomical
[00:14:23] tools, including, in addition to the famous
[00:14:26] astrolabe, the sundial, the quadrant, the triangle,
[00:14:30] the spectroscope, the responsive quadrant,
[00:14:34] the ray and shadow quadrant, and others.
[00:14:37] As you know, this house
[00:14:41] that we are in, called Dar Al-Muwaqqit,
[00:14:44] this effort is embodied in our master, the Commander
[00:14:48] of the Faithful, when he ordered which had been closed
[00:14:52] for a long time, in order to present
[00:14:57] instruments. This museum is Dar Al-Muwaqqit.
[00:15:00] In May 2017, at the end of May
[00:15:03] 2017, the Commander of the Faithful, may God protect
[00:15:07] him, inaugurated this house that we are in
[00:15:10] and ordered its reopening.
[00:15:14] This house, meaning, as it was centuries ago,
[00:15:17] this mosque, this house,
[00:15:21] is located in the city of Fez, near the Qarawiyyin
[00:15:25] Mosque, and is called Dar Al-Muwaqqit.
[00:15:30] manuscripts and ancient astronomical instruments
[00:15:34] and ancient manuscripts. It also contains a tower
[00:15:37] for observing the new moons, which, if it indicates
[00:15:41] anything, it indicates that Moroccans have been interested
[00:15:44] in sighting the new moon for centuries.
[00:15:48] Therefore, this tower, which is called the Nafarin
[00:15:52] Tower, is adjacent to Dar for this purpose,
[00:15:56] which is observing the new moons
[00:15:58] every month, unlike some countries
[00:16:04] observe the new moon every month,
[00:16:07] while the Kingdom of Morocco, thank God, observes
[00:16:11] the new moon every month in all
[00:16:14] cities of the Kingdom of Morocco.
[00:16:17] Astronomy has books and astronomical tools.
[00:16:20] Astronomy is always developing. There are inventions,
[00:16:24] innovations related to astronomical
[00:16:27] instruments and methods used to observe
[00:16:31] the new moon. But what we have,
[00:16:34] meaning what distinguishes this landmark, this house,
[00:16:38] are old astronomical instruments, among
[00:16:41] them the instrument on the left,
[00:16:45] called the responsive quadrant. This instrument
[00:16:49] is truly amazing. Its inventor can be
[00:16:53] observed as one of the inventions
[00:16:56] of human minds, because it contains
[00:17:00] engineering and amazing
[00:17:04] With it, we can extract
[00:17:07] prayer times and the direction of the Qibla.
[00:17:11] know
[00:17:13] even the depth
[00:17:16] of wells, meaning the depth of water,
[00:17:20] and we can also know, with the responsive quadrant
[00:17:24] instrument, the height, meaning the heights,
[00:17:27] for example, how many meters a mosque has, or a mountain,
[00:17:30] or something of that sort. In addition to this instrument,
[00:17:33] there is an astrolabe instrument
[00:17:38] in Dar Al-Muwaqqit,
[00:17:40] and the Al-Muqantarat quadrant instrument,
[00:17:43] and the one-third instrument.
[00:17:47] Then there is an Earth globe and a celestial
[00:17:50] globe, in addition to some modern instruments, which are called
[00:17:53] telescopes. That is why I told you
[00:17:57] that this development, in the invention
[00:18:01] of astronomical scientists, relies on old methods
[00:18:05] and also relies on modern
[00:18:08] methods. With the development of scientific
[00:18:11] research and the development of astronomical observation
[00:18:14] tools, modern astronomy has acquired its distinguished
[00:18:18] place within the map
[00:18:21] specializations. of scientific branches
[00:18:25] and sub-branches, such as planetary science, observational astronomy,
[00:18:29] theoretical astronomy, astrophysics, astrochemical
[00:18:32] and astrobiology, and others.
[00:18:36] Some of these specializations
[00:18:39] have also found a place within the scientific offerings of Moroccan
[00:18:43] universities as part of an academic
[00:18:46] path that parallels the activity in the field
[00:18:49] of astronomy in our country
[00:18:51] at the level
[00:18:55] Regarding astronomy,
[00:18:59] we can say that there are two branches,
[00:19:03] or rather, two directions.
[00:19:06] There is astronomy that is practiced by
[00:19:09] amateurs who study
[00:19:12] the sky, they observe the crescent
[00:19:15] moon. There are many things
[00:19:19] that are seen in the sky and that are shared
[00:19:24] And there is the scientific research
[00:19:28] aspect, which is not
[00:19:31] exactly astronomy, but rather astrophysics,
[00:19:34] and this is another
[00:19:40] aspect that involves scientific research
[00:19:44] and scientific publications that are also
[00:19:47] done in Morocco.
[00:19:51] astronomy is growing among Moroccan students who are passionate
[00:19:55] about exploring the universe and its depths.
[00:19:58] This is driven by the remarkable development in scientific
[00:20:01] research and astronomical studies, such as those
[00:20:03] carried out by the professional research team
[00:20:09] at the Oukaïmeden National Observatory
[00:20:13] Ayyad University in Marrakech.
[00:20:17] This observatory,
[00:20:19] the first of its kind
[00:20:26] in Morocco, leads national
[00:20:30] astronomical research due to its contributions
[00:20:33] to astronomical discoveries, most
[00:20:39] of which have received
[00:20:42] recognition. For scientific research,
[00:20:45] there are universities that
[00:20:49] have the lead in this field
[00:20:52] in Morocco,
[00:20:56] and the Oukaïmeden
[00:20:59] Observatory,
[00:21:04] Benkhaldoun, who is
[00:21:06] the one who developed this science in Morocco
[00:21:11] established the observatory,
[00:21:13] which is the only observatory in Morocco
[00:21:16] in Oukaïmeden, which now has six
[00:21:21] domes.
[00:21:23] there is the Master's
[00:21:30] degree in Astrophysics and there are the research projects of
[00:21:34] students who are doing their doctorates.
[00:21:37] Thank God, they have gone to universities
[00:21:41] around the world. And besides
[00:21:44] physics,
[00:21:45] there is another
[00:21:48] aspect, which is planetology,
[00:21:52] which is also developed in Morocco,
[00:21:55] in that we do not
[00:21:58] work on the physics of these
[00:22:01] objects that orbit
[00:22:04] in space, but we work on
[00:22:07] the chemical components,
[00:22:11] the crystalline components.
[00:22:14] We work on the surface
[00:22:18] of these objects,
[00:22:20] like the surface
[00:22:22] of Mars from its chemical
[00:22:26] aspect, and we also
[00:22:29] work on the rocks that
[00:22:32] come to us from these
[00:22:35] objects, which are
[00:22:37] made of rocks,
[00:22:40] and these rocks
[00:22:43] are meteorites that
[00:22:46] complete this research. And this direction
[00:22:53] is complementary and consistent
[00:22:57] with astrophysics. In addition to astronomical
[00:23:00] research at Cadi Ayyad University in Marrakech,
[00:23:03] a number of research teams of astronomers
[00:23:06] are active in various astronomical
[00:23:10] specializations at other Moroccan
[00:23:13] universities, such as Al Akhawayn
[00:23:17] University, located in the middle of the mountains
[00:23:20] of the Middle Atlas jewel, Ifrane.
[00:23:22] The university offers a number of scientific specializations related
[00:23:28] in addition to hosting an astronomy club
[00:23:31] that organizes many scientific
[00:23:34] conferences
[00:23:38] and astronomical activities to introduce
[00:23:43] astronomy to people.
[00:23:47] For the university, it's not just about
[00:23:57] issuing academic degrees and diplomas,
[00:24:00] but also about
[00:24:03] various sciences,
[00:24:06] including astronomy. Astronomy is part
[00:24:09] of the College of Science and Engineering
[00:24:13] as an independent specialization.
[00:24:16] It is very important, especially in physics
[00:24:20] and astronomy. Currently,
[00:24:22] we represent the Kingdom in the Arab
[00:24:26] University. Dr.
[00:24:30] Daghmaoui is one of the doctors
[00:24:33] who is a representative of the Kingdom
[00:24:37] and also a representative
[00:24:40] of the university in this.
[00:24:44] One of the things that the university
[00:24:46] and the college
[00:24:50] interested in
[00:24:53] is developing competencies in this field. We consider this field
[00:24:58] Astronomy has a great impact on the Earth
[00:25:02] in general, and developing
[00:25:06] astronomical
[00:25:07] talents
[00:25:10] among the new
[00:25:11] generation,
[00:25:14] and specifically today, we celebrate
[00:25:18] women in this
[00:25:20] field, and specifically
[00:25:26] female astronomical
[00:25:27] talents,
[00:25:30] or women in general, because
[00:25:33] there is a shortage in this field
[00:25:37] through lectures, presentations,
[00:25:40] workshops, and astronomical
[00:25:44] nights. Noor has accumulated
[00:25:48] experience that began
[00:25:53] in the summer of 2012. Then the sessions continued,
[00:25:59] an astronomical event,
[00:26:04] a quarter of the country. This lecture, which is part
[00:26:07] of the Ifrane Astronomy
[00:26:09] Festival,
[00:26:13] this lecture is
[00:26:17] in celebration of the International
[00:26:20] Asteroid Day, which is organized
[00:26:23] annually on June 30.
[00:26:27] and specialists is an opportunity
[00:26:30] to learn about
[00:26:34] and their dangers to Earth.
[00:26:38] The college also in astronomy
[00:26:42] to have a dialogue among them,
[00:26:45] So there is a kind
[00:26:47] of preliminary selection, and we invite
[00:26:51] people who have a certain level
[00:26:54] to come and participate in this competition with us.
[00:26:58] This year, there were approximately 80 participants.
[00:27:01] The classification of
[00:27:15] constellations in astronomy
[00:27:19] is an imaginary
[00:27:21] division of the sky,
[00:27:25] and we use it to determine
[00:27:28] the positions of celestial bodies.
[00:27:37] The interest in astronomy and encouraging
[00:27:39] its scientific
[00:27:43] in our country remains the most important
[00:27:46] thing. and also a competition
[00:27:50] in English.
[00:27:52] And in each competition, there are
[00:27:56] two categories: the children's
[00:27:59] category, from approximately
[00:28:04] 10 years old to 15 years old,
[00:28:07] and the adults' category, from 16 years old
[00:28:10] to 22 years old. The competition,
[00:28:13] and we also announce
[00:28:14] the conditions
[00:28:17] of the competition. So people register for the competition