BBCPERSIAN — broadcast
20260806 193000 UTC
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[00:00:26] Headlines: Reports indicate
[00:00:28] Iran and Oman are nearing an agreement on the administration of the Strait of Hormuz, while
[00:00:32] Pakistan expresses optimism about the resumption of negotiations between Tehran and
[00:00:35] Washington. At least 71 people were executed in
[00:00:39] Iran
[00:00:41] in July, according to Iran Human Rights Organization. Hundreds of other
[00:00:45] protest defendants still face the death penalty.
[00:00:48] Concerns about 200 potential deaths from injectable
[00:00:51] weight-loss drugs.
[00:00:53] The UK's drug regulatory body states the benefits of these drugs outweigh
[00:00:56] their risks. FIFA apologizes for
[00:01:00] the controversial UEFA plan. UEFA says it's pointless;
[00:01:03] we don't trust
[00:01:38] Tehran. Reuters reported that
[00:01:41] the proposed agreement between Iran and Oman would allow Tehran
[00:01:45] to control the entry of ships into the Persian Gulf.
[00:01:48] Iran has announced significant progress in these talks
[00:01:52] and says that the route for ships will pass through
[00:01:56] Iranian waters. Meanwhile, news agencies reported
[00:01:59] Iran's threat to plunge the region into darkness
[00:02:02] in the event of a possible US attack. Mohammad Amini reports.
[00:02:06] The wait for the final outcome of negotiations between Iran and
[00:02:09] Oman on ship traffic through the Strait of Hormuz
[00:02:13] continues.
[00:02:16] Tehran has described these negotiations as positive and
[00:02:19] progressive. Some reports indicate closeness.
[00:02:23] Reuters, quoting sources in Iran and the region, said that if
[00:02:26] this agreement is finalized, Iran will maintain some control over the entry of
[00:02:32] ships into the Persian Gulf, which
[00:02:35] is considered a significant concession. US officials have not yet
[00:02:39] reacted to these reports. Donald Trump said
[00:02:42] an agreement to reopen the Strait of Hormuz is near, but US officials
[00:02:46] had previously repeatedly emphasized that they would not
[00:02:50] agree to Iran's dominance over this important energy
[00:02:53] transit route. For now,
[00:02:57] the shootings have decreased, even by the Houthi rebels in Yemen,
[00:03:00] whose entry into the scene in the Strait of Bab
[00:03:04] el-Mandeb and declaration of a naval blockade against Saudi
[00:03:08] Arabia had increased pressure on the energy market.
[00:03:11] Diplomatic movements have also intensified.
[00:03:14] The Prime Minister and Chief of Army Staff of Pakistan
[00:03:16] are now in Saudi Arabia for a two-day visit.
[00:03:20] In Jordan,
[00:03:22] Arab foreign ministers gathered
[00:03:25] yesterday. The Egyptian foreign minister said at the meeting that
[00:03:28] discussions are underway to shape the future order of the region
[00:03:32] and stressed that war with Iran has inflicted
[00:03:35] great damage on the region. He said that the countries of the region
[00:03:39] do not want to be excluded from the negotiation process and the final
[00:03:43] agreement, like the JCPOA negotiations in
[00:03:46] 2015. However,
[00:03:49] for now, the negotiation process between
[00:03:53] Iran and the US is stuck in the Strait of Hormuz.
[00:03:56] JD Vance, Donald Trump's deputy, in an interview
[00:04:00] with Fox News, acknowledged the criticisms and difficulties
[00:04:04] of the path. Iranians
[00:04:07] are incredibly difficult people to negotiate with.
[00:04:10] Their governmental structure is also fractured. Some
[00:04:14] want to end the war, and others insist on continuing it.
[00:04:17] Our job is to navigate these circumstances
[00:04:21] and achieve the best outcome for the American people and the President
[00:04:25] of the United States. I believe we will eventually
[00:04:28] reach such a point, but the path to get there will be
[00:04:32] complex and will take time.
[00:04:33] For now,
[00:04:37] some of the media's focus has shifted towards the US itself, where
[00:04:41] there is a debate over reports of a shortage
[00:04:44] of ammunition and long-range missiles for the US to counter
[00:04:47] Iran. US President Donald Trump
[00:04:51] said on Thursday that the country has vast reserves of ammunition
[00:04:55] and threatened to severely punish those who have published
[00:04:58] information to the contrary. The Washington Post
[00:05:02] had reported that last Friday, during a cabinet meeting
[00:05:05] at the presidential residence in Camp David, Mr. Trump
[00:05:09] asked Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth
[00:05:12] for explanations regarding
[00:05:23] is with us. Mr. Khaldi, if Reuters' report
[00:05:26] is correct and the proposed agreement between
[00:05:30] Iran and Oman allows Tehran to control the movement of
[00:05:33] ships into the Persian Gulf, what do you think it means? Could
[00:05:37] it mean that Iran has the upper hand,
[00:05:40] the Islamic Republic?
[00:05:49] The Islamic Republic's narrative, as always,
[00:05:52] any agreement it has reached, even this so-called memorandum of understanding,
[00:05:56] which the Islamic Republic claimed the US
[00:06:00] is not implementing, and then
[00:06:02] said it had no obligation
[00:06:06] to implement it and launched attacks, the same
[00:06:09] could happen with the agreement with Oman.
[00:06:13] However, just two hours ago, I think
[00:06:17] it was two and a half hours ago, Reuters, following
[00:06:20] the report you mentioned, published
[00:06:23] a technical report
[00:06:26] from navigators and navigation specialists
[00:06:29] who said explicitly,
[00:06:33] without any doubt, without any
[00:06:36] ifs or buts, that such
[00:06:39] an agreement does not align with the realities
[00:06:42] of navigation. In fact,
[00:06:46] it doesn't match because, especially based
[00:06:49] on the joint proposal
[00:06:52] that the Imperial Government of Iran and the Sultanate
[00:06:56] of Oman submitted to the International Maritime
[00:06:59] Organization in 1968,
[00:07:02] and it should not be forgotten that in 1968,
[00:07:05] in the 60s and 70s,
[00:07:09] the traffic in the Strait of Hormuz was not at all comparable
[00:07:12] to the traffic today. The traffic today is much
[00:07:15] greater. And in that joint
[00:07:18] proposal, it was stated that since the Omani side is deeper,
[00:07:22] most of the traffic should take place on the Omani side. Now,
[00:07:26] I haven't seen this agreement, but based on this Reuters
[00:07:30] report,
[00:07:32] apparently, entry into the Persian Gulf
[00:07:36] is supposed to be from the Iranian side, and exit from the Omani side,
[00:07:40] according to the next Reuters report. which followed this report,
[00:07:44] this will make the issue of maritime traffic
[00:07:48] in the Strait of Hormuz very difficult
[00:07:51] and will be the root cause of new and very
[00:07:55] unpredictable problems. Mr. Khaldi,
[00:07:58] what can be said about the countries of the region? We know that
[00:08:02] Agence France-Presse and Reuters, quoting their informed sources, said
[00:08:06] that the Islamic Republic has threatened and said that if it is attacked,
[00:08:09] it will target all the infrastructure in the region.
[00:08:13] In principle, we know that during this period, the countries of the region have been
[00:08:17] under severe Iranian attacks. For them,
[00:08:20] what does an agreement in the Strait of Hormuz mean?
[00:08:24] They are taking several actions,
[00:08:27] I believe we have entered a regional arms race.
[00:08:31] Two days ago, news came out
[00:08:34] about the manufacturing of some components for
[00:08:38] THAAD missiles and Patriot missiles.
[00:08:41] Some components, like canisters and
[00:08:45] other components, though not very major, for example,
[00:08:48] are supposed to be manufactured by Saudi Arabia
[00:08:51] for missile defense. If this is the case, given the 300-400
[00:08:55] Ukrainian technicians in anti-drone defense
[00:08:58] who are in the Emirates, and the Israelis who are in the Emirates,
[00:09:01] it seems to me that an arms race is underway.
[00:09:05] And actually, I am very fortunate to be before you
[00:09:08] now. You recall it was two and a half months ago.
[00:09:12] I was with you and I mentioned that it seems
[00:09:16] the most important issue for Americans is the issue
[00:09:19] of ammunition, a quantity that in the face of these threats
[00:09:23] from the Islamic Republic, they are not showing the decisive action they should.
[00:09:26] I just want to make one point in this short time,
[00:09:30] and that is that the Americans have enough ammunition.
[00:09:34] The point is that according to the US national security doctrine,
[00:09:37] the United States must have enough ammunition to be able
[00:09:41] to operate with the highest operational power simultaneously
[00:09:44] on three different global fronts.
[00:09:48] And it seems that Arab countries, because they know
[00:09:51] the United States cannot guarantee them more than 100%,
[00:09:55] are dealing with the Islamic Republic hesitantly and cautiously.
[00:09:58] And their goal, from a diplomatic and this third rail perspective,
[00:10:02] is to bring about the same calamity
[00:10:06] for Iran in the Caspian Sea that Russia is causing with
[00:10:09] that convention. They are trying to gain the upper hand against
[00:10:13] the Islamic Republic and any country, government, or regime
[00:10:17] that replaces the Islamic Republic with a convention regarding the Strait
[00:10:20] of Hormuz, maritime affairs in the Persian Gulf, and continental
[00:10:37] that the country has ordered the closure of an Iranian
[00:10:40] school and revoked its license for reasons related to
[00:10:44] public interest. According to the report, Jala
[00:10:47] Tabatabaei, Kuwait's Minister of Education, revoked the school's license
[00:10:51] and instructed the relevant authorities to begin the process
[00:10:55] of its closure. According to the report, Kuwait's Ministry of Education announced that this
[00:10:59] decision also invalidates the school's registration.
[00:11:02] Further details about the reasons for this decision were not provided, and
[00:11:06] the Ministry only stated that this action is taken within the framework
[00:11:10] of public interest. The US President
[00:11:14] denied reports about the decrease in US arms
[00:11:17] stockpiles and said that those who publish such information
[00:11:21] will face severe penalties. Earlier,
[00:11:26] reports indicated that shortages caused Mr. Trump to cancel
[00:11:30] a widespread threat and attack on Iran.
[00:11:33] Atefeh Ramezanizadeh
[00:11:37] and Fatemeh Pasandideh, two former players of the Iranian
[00:11:40] women's national football team, have received Australian
[00:11:43] citizenship. After the end of the AFC Women's Asian
[00:11:46] Cup in that country, they had applied for asylum.
[00:11:50] The two were present at the citizenship ceremony in Brisbane
[00:11:54] alongside Tony Burke, the Australian Minister of
[00:12:00] Immigration. Ramezanizadeh and Pasandideh were among seven members of the women's national football
[00:12:04] team who received Australian humanitarian visas
[00:12:07] during the tournament. However, five others
[00:12:11] later changed their minds and returned to
[00:12:14] Iran.
[00:12:19] The Iran Human Rights Organization reported at least
[00:12:22] 71 executions last month in Iran.
[00:12:26] The report states that 36 people were executed for
[00:12:29] murder, 26 for drug-related crimes,
[00:12:33] 8 for security charges, and one
[00:12:36] for rape. Six
[00:12:40] of those executed this month were protest defendants.
[00:12:43] The organization recorded at least 44 executions
[00:12:47] in the first seven months of this year.
[00:12:50] Meanwhile, UN experts today called on Islamic Republic officials
[00:12:54] to end the rising trend of arbitrary arrests,
[00:12:57] enforced disappearances, torture, and other forms of ill-treatment,
[00:13:01] as well as arbitrary executions against ethnic minorities,
[00:13:05] especially Kurdish and Baluch minorities.
[00:13:08] Hossein Raeisi,
[00:13:11] a jurist and university professor from Carleton University
[00:13:14] in Toronto, Canada, is with us. Mr. Raeisi,
[00:13:17] we are seeing that, in general, the number of executions has increased.
[00:13:21] There is no day that a human rights organization doesn't talk about
[00:13:25] the increase in executions. How do you assess
[00:13:27] this increase? Greetings to you and
[00:13:30] all your viewers. We must say
[00:13:33] that, in truth, given the judicial legal structure
[00:13:37] of the Islamic Republic, especially in
[00:13:40] the critical situation of war, the Islamic Republic has seen its
[00:13:44] security threatened more than ever before, and it wants
[00:13:47] to have the upper hand in the war, in a way,
[00:13:51] if not superior, then to resist the war.
[00:13:55] It wants to have a response to domestic protests
[00:13:58] and to say that power is in its hands.
[00:14:01] And given
[00:14:04] that public dissatisfaction
[00:14:07] in society has increased in recent years, especially
[00:14:11] after the Gina, Woman, Life, Freedom uprising in 1401,
[00:14:15] more than ever before and in short periods,
[00:14:18] these developments have not
[00:14:22] been responsive from the government at all. Not only has it
[00:14:25] not been responsive, but it has even enacted
[00:14:28] new laws during this period that
[00:14:32] increase the number of criminal offenses
[00:14:35] carrying the death penalty, Moharebeh (enmity against God),
[00:14:38] and Efsad-e fel-arz (corruption on earth).
[00:14:41] This shows that society
[00:14:44] needs a major transformation. The demand and advocacy
[00:14:47] for a major transformation
[00:14:49] are
[00:14:52] through various methods, both social, economic,
[00:14:56] and political, and also legally. And the legal
[00:14:59] sector of society is very backward.
[00:15:02] Still, the terms I mentioned, like blasphemy
[00:15:06] and enmity against God, are repeated, and this
[00:15:09] is essentially a translation of jurisprudential issues that
[00:15:13] have entered Iranian law and have no connection with society.
[00:15:17] It revolves around suppression; the needs of society are
[00:15:20] not being met. Mr. Raeisi, you mentioned
[00:15:24] the issue of protests and executions that have occurred
[00:15:27] after the protests. A while ago, the UN Fact-Finding
[00:15:31] Committee also mentioned that
[00:15:34] the process of trials for individuals
[00:15:37] arrested after protests and also during wartime
[00:15:41] is proceeding rapidly at the order of the Head of the Judiciary.
[00:15:44] How do you assess this acceleration of trials for these
[00:15:48] individuals, which has raised concerns?
[00:15:51] The assessment that can be made
[00:15:55] from this perspective is that the judiciary
[00:15:58] in the Islamic Republic is severely
[00:16:02] held back. It is the Islamic Republic;
[00:16:05] as I said, it has suppressed society. The judiciary
[00:16:09] does not grow, and neither in terms of
[00:16:13] governance principles nor acceptable governance
[00:16:17] standards, nor a worthy judiciary
[00:16:19] whose principles have been defined by the UN.
[00:16:23] The Islamic Republic does not adapt itself at all,
[00:16:26] and it doesn't even adapt to the needs of society.
[00:16:30] When, in fact, the management of the judiciary,
[00:16:33] from the very first day the Islamic Republic came to power, has been
[00:16:37] in the hands of clerics, and extremist clerics have gradually
[00:16:41] gained more power, and Iranian laws have not
[00:16:45] undergone the necessary transformation. We need
[00:16:48] a precise assessment by jurists
[00:16:52] to demand a major transformation and advocate for a major
[00:16:55] transformation through the legal body of lawyers,
[00:16:59] jurists in universities, and judges of the judiciary
[00:17:03] who, in fact, want to be in harmony
[00:17:07] with society. From this perspective, when we
[00:17:10] have a system that constantly
[00:17:14] creates enemies, constantly places society in a security
[00:17:17] atmosphere, well, it's natural that it needs more
[00:17:21] death penalties. And reports also show that
[00:17:24] most of these were ordinary crimes, common crimes.
[00:17:28] That means society should evaluate itself
[00:17:32] based on a non-violent approach, and
[00:17:35] Iranian society is not a violent
[00:17:38] society. But its judiciary is very
[00:17:41] violent because the rate of common crimes
[00:17:45] based on violence in Iran is not high
[00:17:49] by global standards. However, the judiciary's
[00:17:52] behavior is accompanied by violence because
[00:17:55] Iranian society does not deserve
[00:17:59] this number of death penalties, and the death penalty is not
[00:18:02] a deterrent, nor is it just. All
[00:18:06] of these are necessary for a demand-driven
[00:18:09] process based on legal structural reform to
[00:18:13] emerge and demonstrate. The final assessment
[00:18:16] is that this is an incorrect approach.
[00:18:20] Thank you very much, Hossein Raeisi, jurist and university professor
[00:18:24] from Toronto, Canada.
[00:18:26] The UK's drug regulatory body says more than 200
[00:18:30] deaths, potentially linked to injectable weight-loss drugs,
[00:18:34] have been reported to the agency. According to new statistics,
[00:18:37] over 158,000 reports of suspected
[00:18:40] side effects of these drugs have also been registered.
[00:18:43] However, the agency emphasized that merely receiving these
[00:18:47] reports does not prove that the drugs were the cause
[00:18:51] of death or side effects, but rather indicates the possibility
[00:18:55] of such a connection. According to the UK's drug regulatory
[00:18:58] body, despite millions of prescriptions, current
[00:19:02] evidence suggests that the benefits of these drugs, when
[00:19:05] used correctly, still outweigh their potential
[00:19:09] risks. Dr. Shahram Kurdesti,
[00:19:12] a specialist in blood cancers and professor of cancer immunology
[00:19:16] at King's College London, is with us.
[00:19:19] Mr. Kurdesti, what are the benefits of these
[00:19:23] weight-loss drugs that are said to outweigh
[00:19:25] their harms? Hello. Look, these
[00:19:29] drugs, which we generally refer to as
[00:19:32] PAN agonists,
[00:19:36] which are in fact one of
[00:20:03] those who used these drugs compared to those who did not use them.
[00:20:37] The question is whether these cancers, which are associated with
[00:20:41] obesity, have their risk reduced by weight loss, or whether
[00:20:44] these drugs have a direct effect. This is currently under investigation,
[00:20:48] but generally,
[00:20:50] patients who have used
[00:20:53] these
[00:20:56] have not only lost weight, but also
[00:20:59] a number of other factors have improved
[00:21:02] in them. The risks
[00:21:05] associated with stroke have been controlled,
[00:21:09] they have had better blood pressure, and
[00:21:12] in the long term, other diseases such as cancers
[00:21:15] have also seen their risk reduced.
[00:21:19] Now, whether these drugs themselves caused this or weight loss
[00:21:22] is still under investigation.
[00:21:25] However, there are reports that one or two types
[00:21:28] of cancer, especially in animal models, such as thyroid
[00:21:32] cancer, may increase in risk,
[00:21:36] but in humans, this evidence does not
[00:21:39] exist yet. There is also a concern
[00:21:43] that these may also have side effects, and
[00:21:47] in some cases, even lead to death. In what
[00:22:37] Now, the story of these side effects that have been mentioned
[00:22:41] has not yet been proven to be a direct effect of these drugs,
[00:22:44] but they have been reported. Therefore, it is important that
[00:22:47] those who meet the necessary criteria, are diabetic,
[00:22:51] and have severe obesity, which has its own specific criteria,
[00:22:55] can use these if they do not have
[00:22:59] other problems. However, unsupervised use without strict
[00:23:02] medical supervision, and in cases where it is really
[00:23:06] recommended, these cannot be
[00:23:10] recommended at all.