BBCPERSIAN — broadcast 20261010 183000 UTC 436 transcript segments Google Cloud Speech-to-Text API (Chirp) + Gemini 2.5 Flash Non-Thinking Data courtesy of The GDELT Project (https://www.gdeltproject.org/), from the Internet Archive TV News Archive. Machine transcription. Treat it as a searchable index of what was broadcast, not a verbatim quotation record. [00:00:32] My aunt and my family were almost daily, from this [00:00:35] court to that court, from this hospital to that hospital, from forensic [00:00:39] medicine, for several days behind the door of Dolatabad Prison, [00:00:43] they were there. BBC Persian's exclusive report [00:00:46] on the ambiguous case of Isfahan's Martyrs' Square, [00:00:50] on the International Day Against the Death Penalty, the noose [00:00:53] is still around the necks of the January protesters. [00:00:56] We will speak with a human rights activist and ask why [00:01:00] the process of dealing with the judicial cases of those arrested during the protests [00:01:10] concessions to the Kremlin. Zelensky says that lifting [00:01:14] sanctions on the sale of Russian diesel will prolong the war. [00:01:17] Trump says Ukraine needs new leadership for peace. [00:01:21] دارد. [00:01:23] An Ukrainian MP is our guest to discuss the implications of [00:01:27] the US President's decision for Kyiv. [00:01:31] Iranians' reaction to the speech of the US Secretary of State [00:01:35] in Greece: Can the resistance of the Athenians against [00:01:39] Xerxes' army be a modern parable? [00:01:42] Iranians looted temples, [00:01:45] burned shrines, and razed the Acropolis [00:01:49] to the ground. [00:01:49] کردند. [00:01:55] And despite the escalation of Saudi airstrikes and the expansion of conflict [00:01:58] around the Bab-el-Mandeb Strait, Yemen's Houthis once [00:02:02] again targeted Riyadh's international airport. [00:02:24] crises. From the uncertainty of an unfinished [00:02:27] war with the US to being caught [00:02:30] in the vise of economic pressures. Amidst this, every week [00:02:34] news of death sentences or executions [00:02:37] is published, mostly related to the January 2024 protests. [00:02:40] Protests that were severely [00:02:44] suppressed and left thousands dead. In one of these [00:02:47] cases, known as the Isfahan Martyrs' Square, 16 people were accused. [00:02:51] 10 of them were sentenced to death in the primary [00:02:55] court. This case is related to the killing of a [00:02:58] member of the Revolutionary Guards and a [00:03:02] In the past year, Iran has witnessed executions that are unprecedented in nearly [00:03:05] half a century. Why is the government [00:03:09] acting this way in a wartime situation and under crushing [00:03:22] the Death Penalty. Tell us more about your research. [00:03:25] You see, Jamal, this case is a very [00:03:29] complex case full of many ambiguities and question marks. [00:03:33] Both for public [00:03:36] opinion and for the families whose loved [00:03:40] ones are in prison. As you said, 16 [00:03:43] people are accused in this case, and 10 [00:03:47] people have been sentenced to death, [00:03:50] including a very young girl. [00:03:54] Another thing about this case is that there are two sisters, [00:03:57] داره اینه که دو تا خواهرن که [00:04:07] Taraneh was sentenced to death, and Romina to [00:04:10] 26 years in prison. Then [00:04:13] there are three brothers: Milad, Ali, Mehrdad Boyeri. [00:04:17] Mehrdad was sentenced to death, and the other two brothers [00:04:21] to long prison terms. [00:04:25] There's also another young girl named Setayesh Saedi, who I think [00:04:28] is 18, or at most 19 years old, in this case. [00:04:32] We're talking about children who are very young. [00:04:36] Most of them were born in [00:04:39] '84, '85, '86, meaning [00:04:43] they could be our children, and such [00:04:46] heavy, hasty, and ambiguous sentences [00:04:50] in a situation where as soon as they were able to come [00:04:54] to court, they said that they were forced to confess under torture. [00:04:57] A little. [00:05:00] The concern about this actually fuels the question of what [00:05:13] maintain your unity. Isfahan, the January 2024 [00:05:16] protests were one of the bloodiest [00:05:20] protests in Iran. Thousands were killed and injured, [00:05:24] thousands were arrested, dozens were [00:05:28] executed, and many more face death sentences. [00:05:31] The case of Isfahan Martyrs' Square [00:05:34] is one of the judicial cases of these [00:05:37] protests. BBC Persian, by reviewing [00:05:40] documents from this case and interviewing several informed [00:05:44] sources, found that 16 people in this case face charges [00:05:48] including "Moharebeh" (enmity against God), complicity in "Moharebeh", [00:05:51] destruction of public property amounting to "Moharebeh", assembly [00:05:55] and collusion, and propaganda against the system. [00:05:58] The Isfahan court has issued death sentences for 10 of these [00:06:02] individuals and has given heavy prison sentences to the rest. [00:06:05] For Taraneh Rahimi, Navid Elyasi, [00:06:09] Abolfazl Dadgostardani, [00:06:11] Mehdi Mansouri Hassanabadi, Ahmad Reza Saeedi, Mehrdad [00:06:15] Boyeri, Mohammad Mahdi Asadi, Armin [00:06:19] Gholami, Parsa Jafari, Mehdi Jafari, death sentences [00:06:23] have been issued, and Hamed Mehr Alian, Ali, and [00:06:26] Milad Boyeri, Setayesh Saedi, Sajjad Abedi, and [00:06:30] Romina Rahimi have also received heavy prison sentences. [00:06:33] Most of them were born in the 80s, [00:06:37] and these young men and women were all arrested in February [00:06:40] in their homes. [00:06:43] One of the most important ambiguities of the case revolves around the killing [00:06:47] of two people: Abbas Kamrani, a security officer, and [00:06:50] another person, referred to without name as a homeless person. [00:06:54] The accused were mostly employees of shoe [00:06:57] stores in Isfahan's Martyrs' Square, and some of them [00:07:01] had not even seen or known each other before. [00:07:04] There are many questions and ambiguities in this case. BBC [00:07:08] interviews with informed individuals and sources close to the families [00:07:12] indicate that these sentences were based on forced confessions. [00:07:16] Taraneh and Romina Rahimi are 20-year-old [00:07:19] twin sisters, and Taraneh faces a death [00:07:23] sentence. We didn't know where the children were for the first few months. They kidnapped the children [00:07:27] that night. They kidnapped them from their home without any warrant, [00:07:31] without having any warrant. My aunt and my family [00:07:34] almost daily, from this court to that [00:07:37] court, from this hospital to that hospital, from forensic [00:07:39] medicine, for several days were behind the door [00:07:43] of Dolatabad Prison, and no one answered them. No one answered. [00:07:47] The question was, are my children here or not? No one answered. [00:07:50] They even protested behind Dolatabad Prison [00:07:54] and got no answer. Those days were very painful [00:07:58] until my aunt's family [00:08:01] was able to go see the children, and that was also [00:08:04] painful. She couldn't believe the physical and mental state of the children [00:08:08] she had seen. She hadn't recognized them. She didn't know. [00:08:12] She didn't realize they were her children until they spoke, or until my aunt [00:08:16] wrote a heartfelt message saying that these children are all [00:08:20] I have in my life. All my efforts in life have been [00:08:24] for these children. I don't want to see one of them on the gallows and [00:08:27] the other 25 years behind prison bars. It's very painful. [00:08:31] Mehrdad, Ali, and Milad [00:08:34] Boyeri are three brothers, among the other defendants [00:08:37] in the case. The family had no news of the children for 90 [00:08:40] days. They constantly went to Dolatabad prison. They told us the children are [00:08:44] there and no one can touch them. Mehrdad was in solitary confinement [00:08:48] for about 50 days, and Ali and Milad for about 30 days. They forcibly [00:08:52] tried to pin the murder of an officer on them, but none of them [00:08:56] accepted. On the fiftieth day, they showed Mehrdad two videos and said he had [00:08:59] to choose: either say he was the one who killed the officer, or the one who [00:09:03] damaged the sign. Mehrdad, out of fear of choosing between bad and worse, said he tore [00:09:07] down the sign, although he later told his family that he neither tore down the sign [00:09:11] nor saw anyone killed there. They only had one photo of Milad, standing [00:09:14] in front of the shop with his hand in his pocket. They told him his apprentice made Molotov [00:09:18] cocktails and he was standing guard so he could throw them at the officers. [00:09:22] Ali was also pressured by threatening [00:09:25] his mother. When he said he didn't do anything, they told him, "Your case can't [00:09:29] be empty." Finally, they forced him to write that he threw [00:09:32] stones at the officers. One in the East Square and one in the Martyrs' Square. [00:09:36] In the end, Mehrdad was sentenced to death and 11 years in prison [00:09:40] for "Moharebeh" and destruction of public property. Milad [00:09:43] to 36 years in prison, and Ali to about 17 years in prison. [00:09:47] An informed source close to the case told us that [00:09:51] the court process was completely unfair. [00:09:53] When the children said in court that they were tortured, [00:09:56] the judge, instead of investigating, threatened them and said, "They taught [00:10:00] you these things." Even those who had court-appointed [00:10:04] lawyers raised the issue of torture. The case is full of [00:10:07] contradictions. The forensic doctor's letters have also been tampered with. [00:10:10] In court, it was said that Ahmad Reza Saeedi has impulse control problems [00:10:14] that affected his decision-making ability, but in the case file, [00:10:18] it is written that he is completely healthy. The photos in the case file [00:10:21] are also blurry, and the only evidence is the confessions, which are said [00:10:25] to have been taken under torture, which is again full of [00:10:28] contradictions. Lawyers complained to the IRGC intelligence [00:10:32] about the torture allegations. In court, the judge accepted [00:10:35] the children's confessions, but when one of them wanted to testify about [00:10:39] what he saw or knew, he silenced [00:10:42] him. Once Milad said, "I didn't do this." The judge said, "Do you have [00:10:45] a witness?" And Abolfazl Dadgar said, "I am a witness." The judge started [00:10:49] insulting Abolfazl. Or, for example, Ahmad Reza said [00:10:53] he had been waiting all this [00:10:55] time for the prosecutor to come so he could speak, and he hoped that in court, finally, [00:10:59] someone would listen to him without beating him. The judge asked him, "Didn't [00:11:02] you speak to the prosecutor?" He said, "No, I didn't say anything. [00:11:05] The prosecutor came and shocked me in my testicles and neck." Then [00:11:09] I realized it was this prosecutor who was torturing me. [00:11:13] In the case file, it says Taraneh had a knife. Then, during [00:11:16] the interrogation, they showed a knife to Taraneh, who, under forced confession, [00:11:20] said, "Yes, this is my knife." In court, the knife they showed was completely [00:11:24] different from... [00:11:46] informed us that the families of these prisoners have been severely [00:11:49] harassed and abused in these months, and have been repeatedly [00:11:53] insulted. He spoke of the days and months the Boyeri family wandered [00:11:56] to find news of their sons. [00:11:59] Once, the mother of the boys sat for hours behind [00:12:03] the interrogator's door, hoping to get an answer. As soon as the interrogator [00:12:07] heard the names of the Boyeri brothers, he said, "I don't want to answer you." For a whole [00:12:10] week, they went from 7 AM to 2 PM, hoping someone would give them an answer, [00:12:14] and nothing. At the court, they were told, "You are bastards. [00:12:17] Your children are also illegitimate." From February 4th [00:12:20] to April 24th, this family had no news of their sons. [00:12:25] They didn't even know if the children were alive or dead. The first [00:12:29] time the family was able to see the children, they were shocked, so much so that [00:12:32] all three of them had shrunk. They said they just stared [00:12:36] at each other. They were all in a very bad state. Then they held a sham court [00:12:40] on July 22nd, 23rd, and 24th. The children's defenses were not [00:12:44] considered at all in that court. They were sentenced based on those [00:12:47] forced confessions. No weapon was taken from any of them, nor are [00:12:51] they related to the killing of the officer. A video of Mehrdad from 10 years ago [00:12:55] was included in the case file, where he is dancing with a knife and cutting his cake, [00:12:59] and they say the identity of this person was revealed through this case. [00:13:01] If we look, with these [00:13:04] drones, they are identifying the areas where demonstrations [00:13:08] are taking place. The Isfahan Martyrs' Square case is an example [00:13:11] of hundreds of cases where fair trial has been criticized. [00:13:15] Trials lasting several hours, sometimes with less [00:13:18] than 15 minutes for the accused to defend themselves, confessions [00:13:22] that, according to reports, were obtained under duress, [00:13:26] have been the basis for issuing heavy sentences and executions. [00:13:29] According to Maysato, the UN Special Rapporteur on Human Rights [00:13:33] in Iran, even the defense lawyers in these cases [00:13:36] have faced threats, intimidation, arrest, and disqualification [00:13:39] from practicing law. When the right to defense and [00:13:43] a fair trial is taken away from the accused, [00:13:47] concern for the lives of those arrested is more [00:13:55] you researched, we had more [00:13:58] or less information about them. Information has been released, but [00:14:02] often we know [00:14:05] that incidents have occurred, but there is not much information [00:14:08] about them, or obtaining information is very [00:14:11] difficult. Jamal, you pointed out a very [00:14:14] important and correct point. This very [00:14:17] report, which contrary to our usual procedure, is a relatively [00:14:20] long report, doesn't even show the tip [00:14:25] of the iceberg regarding this case, which is a controversial [00:14:28] case that has gained attention. [00:14:32] In fact, we are dealing with families [00:14:36] who have been wandering for months and don't even know if [00:14:39] their loved ones are alive or dead, [00:14:43] and they are looking everywhere for them, while at [00:14:46] the same time, these children are in prison and being tortured [00:14:50] to extract confessions from them. On the other [00:14:54] hand, families are constantly under [00:14:57] pressure and under threat, as Maysato said, [00:15:00] and our own research shows that [00:15:04] they become tools of pressure on the prisoner [00:15:07] and are tortured to extract confessions. And these [00:15:10] are families who don't even dare to speak. [00:15:14] In addition, we are talking about [00:15:18] very ordinary people who are not political activists and do not [00:15:22] have the means and tools and don't know where [00:15:25] to go or what lawyer to look for. Right [00:15:28] here, I say that if they ever want [00:15:32] to, the BBC's channels are open, and we are here if anyone wants [00:15:36] to report [00:15:38] their story and what is happening. On the other [00:15:42] hand, we are dealing with lawyers who are constantly [00:15:44] threatened. Their law licenses are revoked. [00:15:48] They themselves are constantly going to court under heavy [00:15:52] sentences so that they do not release information and do not accept these cases at all. [00:15:55] And there are many such cases [00:15:59] where even the prisoner and the accused did not [00:16:03] have access to a court-appointed lawyer. That is, [00:16:06] a set of events that all [00:16:10] the time make these cases more distorted, and [00:16:13] accurate and correct information does not come out. And on the other [00:16:17] hand, as you said, in two nights [00:16:20] thousands of people were killed, according to the Islamic Republic itself [00:16:24] and its officials, over 3,000 people. And now we have statistics [00:16:27] that show much higher numbers, and it seems that from the very [00:16:31] first moment, the order was for the protesters to be killed. [00:16:35] Now, the exact same thing is happening in the courts, [00:16:38] only very hastily, [00:16:42] without actually [00:16:44] explaining clearly and transparently, death sentences are issued. [00:16:48] On the other hand, when thousands of citizens have been killed [00:16:51] and there has been no trial for the perpetrators [00:16:55] and commanders of the widespread killing [00:16:58] of protesters, not a single trial has been held. We [00:17:02] see that, for example, in this very case, it is said that [00:17:05] an officer named Abbas Amrani and another person who was [00:17:09] homeless, even the name of that homeless person is not mentioned in this case. [00:17:12] In any case, we are talking about human lives, [00:17:16] and that homeless person should also have a name, and we should know what [00:17:20] kind of person we are talking about. I want to say that it is very [00:17:23] difficult to report and [00:17:27] get to the truth and reality of what is happening [00:17:30] in Iranian prisons, what is happening in Iranian courts. We just, [00:17:34] as you said, sometimes wake up in the morning. A name comes [00:17:38] up that someone was executed, and there isn't even a photo [00:17:42] of the person who was executed, let alone more information [00:17:53] of Iran Human Rights organization, is with us from Oslo, the capital of Norway. [00:17:57] Mr. Amiry-Moghaddam, when a human's life is at stake, thorough [00:18:00] investigations should be conducted. It seems [00:18:04] that in cases related to our protests, there is a lot of haste. [00:18:07] Necessary precautions are not taken. Why should this be [00:18:11] the case? [00:18:20] 19 years that [00:18:24] we have been following death penalty cases and executions [00:18:27] daily, as mentioned in the report, [00:18:31] unfortunately, [00:18:34] these cases that were mentioned are cases. [00:18:47] This is the case. You see, we do not have an independent judiciary [00:18:51] in the Islamic Republic. The goal of the judiciary [00:18:54] is not to administer justice, but rather [00:18:57] to preserve the system. The expediency of the system [00:19:01] has the highest priority, and [00:19:04] currently, after [00:19:07] the January protests, the Islamic Republic is going through [00:19:11] one of the biggest crises of its existence. [00:19:15] It doesn't know what will happen the next time there is a protest, [00:19:19] and based on the experience it has gained in these 47 [00:19:22] years, it knows that [00:19:26] intimidating people, [00:19:28] in fact, instilling a sense of helplessness in people [00:19:32] through execution, through these forced [00:19:35] confessions. [00:19:49] These are not courts; they are a continuation of the same [00:19:53] organs of repression. We have heard this many times from many people in the past [00:19:56] 19 years, that it seems that when an accused [00:19:59] is taken to the Revolutionary Court, [00:20:02] the decision has already [00:20:06] been made. That is, [00:20:37] This method will not work at all, but the [00:20:41] problem is that it seems [00:20:44] that those who have this philosophy and pursue this [00:20:48] policy do not [00:20:51] think long-term, but rather are buying [00:20:54] time. It is true that no system can continue solely [00:20:57] based on intimidation, but at present, [00:21:01] it seems that the Islamic Republic actually has [00:21:05] nothing else to offer to the people. When [00:21:08] thousands or perhaps hundreds of thousands [00:21:12] of people come to the streets, instead [00:21:15] of even responding to one percent of their [00:21:18] demands, the government's [00:21:21] response in the streets is with violence [00:21:25] and killing, and after that, to prevent protests, [00:21:29] it issues [00:21:32] death sentences. This is not the first time, but we [00:21:36] have a very fundamental crisis. Even [00:21:39] if they want to change their policy, we [00:21:42] have a system, in fact, a crisis of due [00:21:46] process, a crisis of the judicial system in the Islamic Republic, which, well, [00:21:52] meaning [00:21:55] a judiciary that is independent, [00:21:59] that judges, instead [00:22:02] of reporting to political leaders, should report to the [00:22:06] people, should think about justice, should [00:22:09] be able to, as mentioned in the program, see, [00:22:13] they should be able to hold government agencies [00:22:16] accountable. This is the job of the judicial system, but on the contrary. [00:22:20] Here, the only thing they do is [00:22:24] they want to teach a lesson to the young people of Iran who went to [00:22:27] the streets, and in this case that you mentioned, see [00:22:31] they arrested these people, some of them might have been [00:22:35] there, some of them worked there, but it doesn't [00:22:38] matter who they are. They are usually [00:22:42] people who are usually from the weaker segments [00:22:45] of society. These people must teach [00:22:48] the people a lesson. Most of the executions that have happened [00:23:03] President has said that Ukraine needs a new president to end [00:23:06] the war with Russia. He accused Volodymyr Zelensky [00:23:10] of deliberately fueling the continuation of the war [00:23:14] and ignoring US requests to stop attacks on Russian refineries [00:23:17] and oil facilities. Earlier, Mr. Zelensky [00:23:21] described the US decision to suspend part of the sanctions on Russian [00:23:25] diesel exports as a weak gift to Vladimir Putin. [00:23:28] Ukraine's European allies also supported Mr. Zelensky's position. [00:23:32] Donald Trump, defending his decision, said: This agreement [00:23:36] helps reduce diesel prices, which have significantly [00:23:39] increased since the start of the war with Iran. Siavash Ardalan reports. [00:23:43] The US midterm elections [00:23:47] are approaching. Gas prices, which were profitable. [00:24:21] Russia is to be partially exempted from US sanctions so [00:24:24] it can sell some of its diesel, precisely at a time when [00:24:28] a US Congressional delegation is in Ukraine [00:24:32] to assure its government not to doubt US [00:24:35] support. [00:24:39] We hope our visit signifies our strong support in the Senate and [00:24:42] House of Representatives for Ukraine. Voices that were choked [00:24:46] by the announcement of buying diesel from Russia. [00:25:28] war with Iran and the crisis in the Strait of Hormuz and the victory of his party [00:25:32] in the elections, he is willing to go to great lengths, whether [00:25:35] it's an agreement with Europe to release some of its diesel [00:25:38] reserves, or a promise to give $5,000 to American [00:25:42] voters, or this promise that before [00:25:46] the elections, there will be no conflict with Iran. But. [00:25:59] Just last week, new sanctions against Russia. [00:26:14] These are the results of today's Russian attack on [00:26:17] Ukraine. The Russian war machine has not stopped. [00:26:21] The Ukrainian government is distressed and worried. The US Congress [00:26:24] is stunned. The Strait of Hormuz remains [00:26:27] insecure. And American voters are eagerly awaiting [00:26:31] a drop in diesel prices. Analysts said that the amount [00:26:35] of diesel Russia is supposed to sell [00:26:37] to the rest of the world is so small that it does not exceed [00:26:41] a few days of domestic diesel consumption in the US. [00:26:44] Perhaps the agreement between the US and Russia will ultimately [00:26:47] turn out to be an agreement that not only does not reduce [00:26:51] diesel prices but also carries a heavy political cost [00:26:55] for Donald Trump and the Republican Party. [00:27:32] And after Iran, which still hasn't reached its goal [00:27:36] in the field of Iran, he thinks that by removing [00:27:40] leaders, by eliminating leaders, he can [00:27:43] implement the policy he wants [00:27:46] towards that specific country. In [00:27:50] Ukraine, too, we now hear that after [00:27:53] the announcement of the agreement with Russia and [00:27:56] the dissatisfaction and criticism that is strongly seen in Europe [00:28:00] and among Democrats, as well as in a part of Republicans, [00:28:04] he has turned this criticism [00:28:06] into the main issue, [00:28:10] which is Ukraine's leadership, and not in America. [00:28:13] And on the other hand, [00:28:17] as I listened to Mr. Trump's remarks today, it seemed [00:28:20] to me that he was saying [00:28:24] that the diesel issue in Iran is due to Ukraine's [00:28:27] attacks on Russian refineries, and [00:28:31] America, whatever [00:28:33] attack you want to do, do it, but don't harm [00:28:37] Russian refineries. But Mr. Zelensky, according [00:28:40] to Mr. Trump, did not listen to these words and caused [00:28:43] American farmers to be harmed by the rising [00:28:47] price of diesel. That is, the case of the Iran war [00:28:51] and its impact on the fuel and [00:28:54] energy market and diesel in America, which has led [00:28:58] to strong voter dissatisfaction, he is putting [00:29:01] aside and blaming all the blame on Ukraine [00:29:05] so that he can use it in his election campaigns. [00:29:09] Well, Republicans were not very happy about the high price [00:29:13] of diesel. After all, it's not in their favor on the eve [00:29:16] of the midterm elections. But now it seems [00:29:20] that they are also not happy with Mr. Trump's new [00:29:22] stance. There is a lot of pressure [00:29:26] on Mr. Trump from Republicans, especially [00:29:29] in states where agriculture. [00:29:55] Many economists say this will be detrimental to the country's [00:29:59] and global economy. And now he has gone to. [00:30:06] But the reaction we see from serious [00:30:09] Republican figures, such as even the senator [00:30:12] from Nebraska, is that this response, meaning the agreement [00:30:16] with Russia, is the wrong response to the diesel problem in the US, [00:30:19] and Mr. Trump, if he wants [00:30:22] to solve the fuel problem with Russia, [00:30:25] it should be after the end of the war in Ukraine, [00:30:28] and should not strengthen [00:30:32] Russia's war machine [00:30:34] with this action. This is the position [00:30:46] Ukrainian MP and Chairman of the Committee on Migration [00:30:49] and Refugees in the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, [00:30:52] is with us from Ukraine. Welcome to the program, Mr. Honcharenko. First, [00:30:56] I wanted to ask you about [00:30:59] Mr. Trump's comment that