BBCPERSIAN — broadcast
20261012 150000 UTC
323 transcript segments
Google Cloud Speech-to-Text API (Chirp) + Gemini 2.5 Flash Non-Thinking
Data courtesy of The GDELT Project (https://www.gdeltproject.org/), from the Internet Archive TV News Archive.
Machine transcription. Treat it as a searchable index of what was broadcast, not a verbatim quotation record.

[00:00:05] Long live technology, how can we harness technology? It went very
[00:00:09] slowly. Do you want to come down? I'll go. It even went to space. Thank you very much.
[00:00:13] I appreciate it. Thanks for coming to Houston. Are we ready for
[00:00:17] the latest advancements in artificial intelligence? What if
[00:00:20] AI doesn't dismount you? I said we broke
[00:00:24] it. From here, the
[00:00:27] original size of this detector is obvious.
[00:00:43] Or protect our planet. The whole place here
[00:00:46] looks like the planet Mars. Click every week on BBC Farsi.
[00:00:50] And now on BBC
[00:00:59] Farsi TV, a documentary.
[00:01:23] Welcome to Global Eyes. Every week, from a different point
[00:01:27] in the world, we broadcast a selection of the best reports from
[00:01:30] the BBC World Service for you. I am Sami
[00:01:34] Awami, BBC Africa correspondent. Two weeks
[00:01:37] ago, I was dispatched to Madagascar to report, where
[00:01:41] the anger and frustration of Generation Z has fueled political
[00:01:45] unrest. In this program, I will explain these developments
[00:01:48] and their importance. Of course,
[00:01:52] Madagascar is not the only country grappling with protests.
[00:01:56] All over the world, young people are demanding from their statesmen.
[00:03:30] It has been plagued by coups,
[00:03:33] setbacks. The recent
[00:03:36] protests initially began due to widespread power outages and water
[00:03:40] shortages. But it quickly turned into a broader
[00:03:44] تری از رهبری کشور به دلیل بیکاری و نحوه مدیریت
[00:03:47] We
[00:03:51] don't regularly have electricity and water. When Malagasy children
[00:03:54] have to study in the dark, what will be the future of this country? That
[00:03:58] Madagascar has left.
[00:05:00] He has left the country and gone. The President
[00:05:03] of the country's Senate is also not there because I dismissed
[00:05:07] him. We have a Prime Minister without
[00:05:10] a government. So who is running the country?
[00:05:13] For me, that's also
[00:05:17] the question. Complete chaos
[00:05:20] reigns. Really complete
[00:05:23] chaos. Since my conversation with him, Colonel
[00:05:27] Randra Nirina has been sworn in as the president of the new military government
[00:05:30] and has pledged to hold new elections within two
[00:05:34] years. For the second time in just over a
[00:05:37] month, youth-led protests have led to the overthrow
[00:05:40] of the government. This indicates a wave of discontent among
[00:05:44] Generation Z worldwide. In Nepal,
[00:05:47] protests against corruption led to a raid on parliament and the resignation of the prime minister,
[00:05:51] killing 70 people.
[00:05:55] The desire for
[00:05:57] rebellion has also grown strong in Madagascar. Young people
[00:06:01] have been inspired by youth movements around the world.
[00:06:04] Solidarity in the digital world has linked
[00:06:08] these seemingly scattered uprisings, from demands for education
[00:06:11] reform in Morocco to demonstrations against crime
[00:06:15] in Peru. Technology has
[00:06:18] fostered a common visual language: clenched
[00:06:22] fist emojis and flames,
[00:06:25] Manga characters, and comic book heroes
[00:06:29] who fight corrupt systems. These symbols
[00:06:32] have become tools for mobilization.
[00:06:35] Memes for resistance that know
[00:06:37] no borders.
[00:06:41] Generation Revolution.
[00:07:13] Documents and eyewitness accounts of the events have examined
[00:07:17] one of the key days of this revolution. We will see the report by Ridija about this.
[00:07:35] August 5, 2024.
[00:07:37] For weeks, demonstrations have been ongoing
[00:07:41] across Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh. Protesters are
[00:07:45] fleeing from barrages of bullets. They're shooting
[00:07:48] continuously. There's no time now. In the
[00:07:51] Jatrabari neighborhood, police are shooting indiscriminately,
[00:07:55] killing at least 52 people and injuring a
[00:07:59] large number. Using
[00:08:02] unseen footage, we uncover the accounts of police
[00:08:05] and protesters regarding these events and those responsible.
[00:08:09] We will get revenge for every drop
[00:08:13] of spilled blood.
[00:08:14] Bangladesh
[00:08:21] was under the rule of Sheikh Hasina and the Awami League
[00:08:24] party for 15
[00:08:27] years. Bangladesh always
[00:08:30] respects human rights.
[00:08:33] In my opinion, human
[00:08:35] rights mean people's security, the
[00:08:39] right to food, the right to vote, and the right.
[00:09:12] Mahmud coordinated these protests. Seeing
[00:09:16] the discriminatory nature of the quota system, I realized
[00:09:19] I might become a victim of this inequality and not be able to
[00:09:23] get a good job. People from everywhere joined
[00:09:25] us.
[00:09:33] The protests are met with violent police
[00:09:36] suppression.
[00:09:39] Communications are cut across the country.
[00:09:42] And the government orders the shutdown of internet
[00:09:46] services.
[00:09:49] The government wanted to suppress this movement at all
[00:09:52] costs. Bijoy, a young
[00:09:55] student, becomes one of the powerful voices of resistance.
[00:09:59] Our first plan was to unite
[00:10:03] everyone when the internet was cut off. Because
[00:10:06] widespread arrests were underway, and we had no idea where
[00:10:10] anyone was.
[00:10:13] I ordered them all to be arrested tonight. Everyone
[00:10:16] has been notified. Arrest them wherever you
[00:10:20] find them. Sheikh Hasina to the police
[00:10:24] and security forces.
[00:11:37] He and I used to see each other in the neighborhood
[00:11:41] all the time. His special quality was that he
[00:11:44] kept everyone together like a protector.
[00:11:47] That's why our friendship was very
[00:11:50] deep. We weren't just friends; we were like
[00:11:54] family. These two friends join the protest at one of
[00:11:57] the city's main intersections, which is protected by a
[00:12:01] large police station. When we arrived
[00:12:03] there, this place was full of
[00:12:07] people. It seemed like no one was
[00:12:10] scared.
[00:12:12] What follows is one of the worst instances
[00:12:16] of police brutality in Bangladesh's history. We
[00:12:20] gathered and analyzed hundreds of videos, photos, and
[00:12:23] eyewitness accounts.
[00:12:55] They are, the army arrives and stands between
[00:12:58] them and the police. The news
[00:13:02] was complicated, that Sheikh
[00:13:05] Hasina was going to resign, and
[00:13:09] the army commander might make a
[00:13:12] speech. The army informs Sheikh Hasina that
[00:13:16] it cannot prevent protesters from reaching her
[00:13:19] residence, and she flees by helicopter
[00:13:23] at 2:25 PM to a military
[00:13:26] airfield.
[00:13:29] Almost simultaneously, army vehicles begin
[00:13:32] leaving the area. But the forces are still
[00:13:36] stationed outside the police station. Miraj and
[00:13:39] Shavan move towards the station.
[00:13:42] We were standing there,
[00:13:45] watching, when suddenly
[00:13:48] either a gas capsule or a car tire
[00:13:52] exploded with a loud
[00:13:56] bang. They started
[00:13:57] running.
[00:14:00] But Miraj stays and records the scene of the
[00:14:04] army soldiers leaving the police station.
[00:14:07] A few seconds after the army's
[00:14:10] retreat, at 2:43 PM,
[00:14:14] police once again open fire.
[00:14:17] Miraj continues filming, and the
[00:14:20] last moments of his life are captured by his own
[00:14:23] camera.
[00:14:29] I saw Miraj lying among several
[00:14:32] other bodies.
[00:14:33] I couldn't
[00:14:36] control myself. He was next to me
[00:14:39] just moments before, and now he was
[00:14:43] gone. It was very
[00:14:46] sad.
[00:14:50] But for those who were still in the streets, the horror
[00:14:53] continues. At 3:27 PM,
[00:14:57] police retreat to a temporary army barracks, and some
[00:15:00] others flee in civilian clothes. Some
[00:15:03] officers are trapped inside the police
[00:15:07] station. As protesters enter the building,
[00:15:11] they set it on fire, and at least six officers are
[00:15:15] killed. Videos show that the army only
[00:15:18] watched during the shooting. Answer
[00:15:21] me, why did they shoot? How could so many
[00:15:25] people be killed before your eyes? Go see how many bodies
[00:15:28] are piled
[00:15:29] up.
[00:15:44] As the chaos subsided, one question remained: Who
[00:15:48] is responsible? The police officers we spoke
[00:15:51] to claimed they were merely following orders. We
[00:15:55] operate under a chain of command. Going beyond
[00:15:59] orders is not permitted.
[00:16:03] Abul Hasan, the head of the Jatrabari police station at the
[00:16:06] time.
[00:16:37] The protests were receiving orders from senior
[00:16:39] officers. One of them was Senior
[00:16:43] Detective Harun al-Rashid, who was
[00:16:46] seen commanding the police in Jatrabari in
[00:16:50] July. Previously, when we went forward, they would retreat,
[00:16:54] but we don't have enough
[00:16:55] shotgun shells.
[00:16:59] Dhaka Police Chief Habib al-Rahman was giving
[00:17:02] orders from the central headquarters.
[00:17:04] Hasina
[00:17:37] existed. Now I have given a public
[00:17:41] order. From now on, they will use
[00:17:44] lethal force. They will shoot wherever they find
[00:17:47] them. Her leadership and orders paved the way
[00:17:50] for this suppression. Sheikh Hasina is now
[00:17:54] in exile. But in Bangladesh, a court found
[00:17:57] her guilty of crimes against humanity
[00:18:00] and sentenced her to
[00:18:04] denies these accusations.
[00:18:29] With this thought, we comfort ourselves that my
[00:18:32] brother's sacrifice and blood helped
[00:18:35] the country.
[00:19:07] to achieve the justice it
[00:19:09] deserves.
[00:19:13] When I think about those events, tears
[00:19:16] well up.
[00:19:19] We lost so many brothers. We regained our independence,
[00:19:23] and I no longer feel afraid. The fear I had
[00:19:26] is completely gone. Now I feel more
[00:19:29] courageous.
[00:20:37] Young people using technology to launch large
[00:20:40] movements is nothing new. The Arab Spring
[00:20:43] and the Occupy Wall Street movement in the 2010s relied
[00:20:47] on Twitter for information. But for this generation,
[00:20:50] who grew up with smartphones and in quarantine, platforms
[00:20:54] like Instagram and TikTok are so much a part of their daily
[00:20:58] lives that they are considered a basic right, and governments'
[00:21:01] attempts to control and restrict access to them have been
[00:21:05] met with explosive reactions.
[00:21:07] And now
[00:21:10] we go to Indonesia and the northern coast of Java, where
[00:21:13] with land subsidence and the gradual advance of seawater inland,
[00:21:17] villages are rapidly disappearing. Experts warn
[00:21:21] that this climate crisis may affect the region by
[00:21:24] 2005. Aia Mandoni reports on how
[00:21:28] local people are coping with this situation while their livelihoods are disrupted
[00:21:32] and their homes are threatened.
[00:21:33] Along
[00:21:42] the northern coast of Java, the sea is engulfing
[00:21:46] villages. Java is Indonesia's most populous
[00:21:50] island. And home to more than half of the country's
[00:21:52] 284 million people, it accounts
[00:21:55] for more than 55% of the country's economy.
[00:21:58] Ningsih
[00:22:01] has lived in Eretan Wetan her entire
[00:22:04] life.
[00:22:06] This once quiet fishing village has been abandoned
[00:22:10] after its neighborhoods were completely submerged.
[00:22:13] When I was
[00:22:15] young, before I got married, there was nothing
[00:22:19] like this. But over the years,
[00:22:22] things
[00:22:28] have gotten worse and worse. This
[00:22:31] village is one of several grappling with severe land
[00:22:35] subsidence caused by decades of excessive groundwater
[00:22:39] extraction. It has also been affected by rising
[00:22:42] sea levels for years. Ningsih has witnessed
[00:22:46] floods destroying roads, homes,
[00:22:50] and forcing many families to leave the area. Her
[00:22:54] family decided to stay. But this
[00:22:57] is what they face every day. When the
[00:23:00] high tide comes, the water rises
[00:23:04] this high. Everything goes underwater, even
[00:23:07] inside the rooms. It usually starts to rise
[00:23:11] around 1 or 2 PM and subsides around 3 or
[00:23:15] 4 AM. On the northern coast of Java, over 30 million
[00:23:18] people live in areas at risk of being submerged.
[00:23:22] Factories and industrial areas replaced mangrove forests and
[00:23:26] fish farms, accelerating a gradual catastrophe
[00:23:30] already exacerbated by climate change. Experts
[00:23:34] warn that by 2050, a large
[00:23:37] portion of these coasts may be submerged.
[00:23:41] The government is now building a massive
[00:23:44] defense system, including a 500-kilometer seawall
[00:23:47] and giant pumps to contain the sea. But
[00:23:51] critics say these measures may not be enough,
[00:23:54] especially with continued development and encroachment
[00:23:57] on coastal lands. Nearly 300 kilometers
[00:24:01] away from Ningsih's village, in the coastal city of
[00:24:05] Kendal, a man is trying to save his home from destruction
[00:24:08] due to erosion. Mangrove roots protect the coasts
[00:24:12] from erosion and storms, provide breeding grounds for
[00:24:16] fish and shrimp. Kendal has experienced
[00:24:20] the worst coastal erosion since around
[00:24:23] 2019. That was
[00:24:26] when we really felt the severe
[00:24:29] impact. Why did this happen? Then it became
[00:24:33] clear that the problem was land use
[00:24:37] change. Coastal areas were
[00:24:40] converted into industrial zones, and their land
[00:24:43] use changed. Factories and ports built
[00:24:47] in the Kendal industrial zone have long been accused
[00:24:50] of destroying coastal mangrove forests, a claim
[00:24:53] that officials deny. They say land subsidence was
[00:24:57] a serious problem long before the factories were
[00:25:01] built. But with the loss of natural barriers, the sea
[00:25:05] began to swallow the land.
[00:25:07] The government has rejected the claim that industrial
[00:25:10] areas are the root cause of the problem, stating that the subsidence
[00:25:14] of Java's coastal areas is largely a natural
[00:25:17] process. However, Wasito has seen this destruction
[00:25:21] firsthand and decided to act.
[00:25:24] We decided to plant mangroves there.
[00:25:28] When the first trees grew and gradually
[00:25:31] filled the surrounding area, the local people
[00:25:35] became excited and joined me. When
[00:25:38] I saw the trees grow and the sand stopped
[00:25:42] there, I realized these trees could block the
[00:25:46] waves and prevent erosion.
[00:25:50] Since 2006, Wasito and his neighbors have planted
[00:25:54] thousands of mangrove trees, creating a living wall
[00:25:58] to prevent the sea from advancing. This forest now stretches
[00:26:01] along the coast, protecting people's homes and livelihoods.
[00:26:05] But with further land development, the remaining
[00:26:08] mangrove areas are rapidly disappearing. If the
[00:26:12] entire coast becomes industrialized, the remaining
[00:26:14] protected areas will require special
[00:26:18] attention.
[00:26:21] Otherwise, the damage will not be limited
[00:26:24] to the
[00:26:25] coastline.
[00:26:28] As sea levels continue to rise and the consequences of
[00:26:32] climate change intensify, communities living on the subsiding
[00:26:36] coasts of Java are striving to protect their
[00:26:39] land.
[00:26:42] Thank you for joining me in Madagascar. We look
[00:26:45] forward to your comments about Global Eye. Write to us
[00:26:49] on social media with the hashtag #BBCGlobalEye.
[00:26:53] Next week, we will be with
[00:30:22] Top headlines.
[00:30:25] Most inbound and outbound flights to Saudi Arabia
[00:30:28] are canceled as Houthi attacks continue. A number
[00:30:32] of major oil companies are not
[00:30:34] attending the Riyadh energy conference.
[00:30:41] Continued Russian attacks on Ukraine's energy infrastructure
[00:30:44] despite claims of an agreement. Zelensky says
[00:30:48] that if Washington guarantees Moscow's commitment, an energy
[00:30:51] ceasefire will be a step towards peace.
[00:30:55] The world economy is struggling with AI growth and crisis.