BBCPERSIAN — broadcast
20261012 190000 UTC
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[00:00:00] An equivalent of about 40 million text messages inviting people to
[00:00:04] self-declare will be sent and registration on
[00:00:07] "My Government" system is only possible by the head
[00:00:11] of the household. For Mehr (October) that hopefully the increase
[00:00:14] will be done, it has not yet reached a conclusion. I think
[00:00:18] it will be around 500 thousand Tomans, but it is not
[00:00:21] yet final. However, reports indicate system disruptions
[00:00:25] or the system does not open or the code does not
[00:00:29] or citizens are confused about where
[00:00:32] to register their requests.
[00:00:36] Some citizens also reported that after receiving the eligibility
[00:00:39] text message for the goods coupon, they visited to follow up,
[00:00:42] and a sum was collected from them, and finally
[00:00:46] they were told they were not eligible. The question of what
[00:00:49] services this money was taken for is also among the criticisms. In fact,
[00:00:53] you see, without resources nothing can be done.
[00:00:56] We believe that without resources, there is no hope.
[00:01:06] Since the government has not paid them the money for the goods coupons
[00:01:09] for several months, they no longer sell anything with the goods
[00:01:13] coupons. "The customer just left and ruined our mood. He left. He
[00:01:17] completely poisoned our business. He came and got some liver and
[00:01:20] gizzards for his wife and children for dinner. Then he told us to deduct
[00:01:24] it from his goods coupon. We said, "Sir, the government
[00:01:28] hasn't paid us for the goods coupon. A month has passed." We swiped cards for almost 4-5 billion
[00:01:32] Tomans, and they only gave us 50 million. We don't have any more money or capital
[00:01:35] to invest in the goods coupon. The goods coupon is blocked. Then he said, "Thank
[00:01:39] you very much." He was upset and left.
[00:01:43] He ruined our mood. He wants to say that the person
[00:01:46] doesn't have money. He doesn't have money to buy 200,000 Tomans worth of liver and gizzards
[00:01:50] for his wife and children. His hope and expectation was on these goods coupons.
[00:01:53] You are settling these goods coupons with us this way. We also don't have money, and you have made us ashamed in front of our customers.
[00:01:57] Some also
[00:02:00] say that payments have been delayed for months.
[00:02:03] The seller delivers the goods at the current price to the buyer.
[00:02:07] But when the money reaches him late, prices
[00:02:11] have gone up, and the seller incurs
[00:02:14] the loss. In a situation where the wages of
[00:02:17] workers and the lower income deciles of society do not
[00:02:21] match inflation and the rising cost of living, an increase
[00:02:24] of 500,000 Tomans in goods coupons also cannot solve
[00:02:28] the livelihood problems of families.
[00:02:30] On the other hand, system disruptions,
[00:02:33] applicant confusion, and delayed payments
[00:02:37] to stores have also challenged
[00:02:41] the implementation of this support plan. In such
[00:02:45] circumstances, until the practical problems of goods coupons are resolved
[00:02:48] and wages do not increase in proportion
[00:02:52] to inflation, this limited support cannot alleviate
[00:02:56] the heavy pressure of high prices on people.
[00:03:26] Greetings to you. Almost none. You see, in a
[00:03:30] report published by one of the Iranian newspapers a few months
[00:03:34] ago, I think they came and reviewed
[00:03:37] a basket of 11 items
[00:03:40] that are part of this goods coupon plan and announced
[00:03:43] that if we only
[00:03:47] consider the cost of this basket which has increased due to inflation
[00:03:50] in this goods coupon to compensate for it,
[00:03:53] the amount should reach about 1 million and
[00:03:57] 800 thousand Tomans. This, of course, refers to a few months ago, and since then
[00:04:00] we have also experienced inflation.
[00:04:04] Now, in fact, they have been holding meetings for several
[00:04:07] months. They have been going back and forth for 6 months. The government has held
[00:04:11] many meetings, and it seems that it has been decided to add only 500
[00:04:14] thousand Tomans for individuals
[00:04:17] under the coverage of the Imam Khomeini Relief Committee and the Welfare Organization. In fact,
[00:04:21] this amount is to be added as far as I
[00:04:24] know, while it can be said that a
[00:04:28] wide range of people, especially the lower
[00:04:32] income deciles, can rely on this amount. And another
[00:04:35] interesting point is that this small amount
[00:04:38] that you also mentioned may not even be enough for a yogurt
[00:04:42] or, for example, oil. The government
[00:04:46] has also considered its credit through
[00:04:48] the exchange rate. This means that the government
[00:04:52] is benefiting from the increase
[00:04:55] in the dollar exchange rate to provide resources for such
[00:04:59] a plan. Well, these
[00:05:02] problems were evident from the beginning. At the beginning
[00:05:05] of the implementation of this plan, there were many criticisms from
[00:05:09] the very beginning in the budget tables. Well, this
[00:05:19] is while the revenue that the government had identified from
[00:05:23] the exchange rate difference was about
[00:05:26] 540 thousand billion, which is a huge difference.
[00:05:29] This means that the government itself knew that with this
[00:05:33] action, it would face a budget deficit
[00:05:36] and would be forced to create inflation again to compensate for this
[00:05:39] shortage. That is, this goods coupon itself,
[00:05:43] which was supposed to compensate for inflation,
[00:05:46] turned into something that worked against itself.
[00:05:50] Therefore, this plan created a continuous commitment
[00:05:54] for the government from the beginning, and in fact,
[00:05:57] the government could not provide those resources
[00:06:01] to fulfill this commitment, and as I mentioned, these resources were not foreseen from the beginning.
[00:06:05] And so, in one year, we see that food
[00:06:09] inflation was approximately 130%.
[00:06:13] And now, in fact, they are holding meetings for 6 months to be able to
[00:06:17] add 300,000 Tomans, 500,000 Tomans to this amount, which
[00:06:20] is also not clear in the end. You mentioned
[00:06:24] that the government wants to provide
[00:06:28] a part of its commitments from the sale
[00:06:31] of foreign currency. The exchange
[00:06:34] rate. Yes, on the other hand, we see many people who say that
[00:06:38] prices are not like that, for example, they don't just go up. The rate is not even
[00:06:41] double. Sometimes it becomes equal and four times.
[00:06:45] One of the citizens said on social
[00:06:47] networks that prices are not going up, they are flying.
[00:06:51] Is this provision of currency in this
[00:06:54] way and the things you mentioned not themselves the cause
[00:06:58] of this situation?
[00:07:02] Look, all these issues, including currency, including
[00:07:05] the rise in prices of goods, can be
[00:07:09] said to be the result of inflation.
[00:07:12] The increase in inflation is due to the growth of the monetary
[00:07:16] base and the creation of liquidity, all of which ultimately
[00:07:20] lead to the government imposing this burden on
[00:07:23] the people. It is the government
[00:07:26] that, in fact, with its destructive monetary activities,
[00:07:30] has caused this inflation to occur, and all of these are like a chain
[00:07:34] that are related to each other, and ultimately the prices
[00:07:37] of goods go up. In general, in my opinion,
[00:07:41] plans like goods coupons and even
[00:07:44] for example, let's say the Tehran Municipality has claimed that it
[00:07:48] wants to offer some goods with zero inflation
[00:07:51] for a while. These are all due to the same
[00:07:55] government's view. It is a wrong logic that
[00:07:59] they are pricing the market, and it has always
[00:08:02] been common in Iran. That view is that
[00:08:06] instead of curbing the root of inflation
[00:08:09] and regulating monetary activities,
[00:08:13] it always comes up with a solution to fight prices.
[00:08:16] And this whole situation that the government has created
[00:08:20] with these plans like goods coupons
[00:08:23] is due to this anti-market view that
[00:08:26] has always existed, and to a large extent,
[00:08:30] it can even be said that there are signs of populism in it.
[00:08:34] That is, the government that itself is devaluing its currency
[00:08:37] has also come and is telling the people, "People, come, I will give you
[00:08:41] money. You can buy this type of oil and this type of rice
[00:08:45] that I have specified in these stores that I have specified."
[00:08:48] You can spend that credit, while
[00:08:52] the same government is causing inflation with its destructive
[00:08:55] activities in the money market, and no one can see
[00:08:59] this openly. And the same government causes the value
[00:09:02] of the same goods coupon to decrease again,
[00:09:06] and the same oil and rice that increase in price by several percent at the end of the month
[00:09:09] is again because the government has destructive monetary
[00:09:13] policies. And if you look at the food market in
[00:09:16] developed countries and healthy economies, here,
[00:09:20] as much as possible, there is a fair competition between stores, and
[00:09:24] it's interesting that if you look at large stores in Europe and America,
[00:09:27] for example, for a specific product like milk or
[00:09:30] coffee, the competition is about who can sell it a few cents
[00:09:34] cheaper. But in Iran, this issue of fair
[00:09:38] competition has never been recognized, and we see that it has
[00:09:41] had the opposite effect. That is, instead of competing over who can sell
[00:09:45] cheaper, almost all producers
[00:09:48] are forced to increase prices at the end of the month. Therefore,
[00:09:52] my whole point is that this goods coupon stems
[00:09:56] from an anti-market view, a punitive
[00:09:59] and unrealistic view of the government on pricing and the market. Ashkan
[00:10:09] the flight tracking website showing the sky over Saudi Arabia.
[00:10:12] Although the country's sky is witnessing
[00:10:16] many aircraft flights,
[00:10:20] at least two airports have been partially or completely shut down. One
[00:10:24] of them is Riyadh Airport. We know
[00:10:26] that hours ago, news came out that
[00:10:30] loud explosions were heard in Riyadh. But now, the latest
[00:10:33] news indicates that the city of Riyadh was apparently targeted
[00:10:37] by ballistic missiles by the Houthis. These missiles,
[00:10:40] according to Saudi military sources,
[00:10:44] were all intercepted and no one was harmed.
[00:10:47] This is what Saudi military sources say,
[00:10:51] and various news agencies, including Reuters, have quoted
[00:10:55] it. Therefore,
[00:10:58] the situation in Riyadh, according to them, has returned
[00:11:00] to normal. But the circling
[00:11:04] flights in the Saudi sky that were supposed to
[00:11:07] reach Dammam airport are still visible. At
[00:11:10] least three flights are seen to be still circling
[00:11:14] in the sky, and one of them has been delayed for five hours
[00:11:18] and has been in the sky for hours. Anyway, let's see what
[00:11:21] will happen. Simultaneously with the escalation of tensions
[00:11:25] between Moscow and Kyiv, NATO has warned about a possible Russian attack
[00:11:29] on its members. On the other hand, the European Union has announced
[00:11:32] its largest sanctions package against the Kremlin's military
[00:11:35] industries. This is while the President of Ukraine says
[00:11:39] that despite the energy ceasefire agreement that Donald Trump had announced,
[00:11:43] Russian attacks on Ukraine's energy facilities have continued, and today
[00:11:47] six energy infrastructures in this country were targeted.
[00:11:51] Mahshid Hosseini reports.
[00:11:59] Last night, Kharkiv was again targeted by Russian attacks.
[00:12:02] گرفت.
[00:12:07] Only 10 minutes after they promised not to hit energy facilities
[00:12:11] had passed when we witnessed five attacks. My child and I saw that this
[00:12:14] missile hit power plant number 5 and we witnessed it burning.
[00:12:18] It's terrible. The President of the United States
[00:12:21] wrote yesterday in a post on the social media Truth Social:
[00:12:55] electricity in Kharkiv, which caused further damage
[00:12:58] to our energy infrastructure. It is clear that Putin
[00:13:02] does not read Truth Social.
[00:13:05] According to Volodymyr Zelenskyy, Russia today attacked six other
[00:13:09] energy facilities in Ukraine. Simultaneously with
[00:13:12] the intensification of military pressure on Kyiv,
[00:13:16] Moscow is facing a new wave of political pressure.
[00:13:19] In Luxembourg, European Union foreign
[00:13:22] ministers sanctioned more than 160
[00:13:25] companies related to Russia's military industries,
[00:13:29] the largest sanctions package by the European Union since the start
[00:13:32] of the Ukraine war.
[00:13:36] The question is, have the sanctions been effective?
[00:13:39] Yes, these sanctions have deprived Russia under Putin's rule
[00:13:43] of resources worth 500 billion Euros,
[00:13:46] resources that were spent on the war. 500 billion
[00:13:50] Euros is equivalent to the cost of 3 years and even more than 3 years
[00:13:53] of war.
[00:14:04] Closer to Russia, at the Warsaw Security Conference in Poland, the supreme commander of NATO in Europe warned that in case of an attack, this military alliance is ready
[00:14:07] to enter the war
[00:14:09] tonight.
[00:14:13] If anyone is foolish enough to attack us, we will fight. We will prevent
[00:14:17] his attack and will not allow him to achieve his goals, whatever
[00:14:21] they may be. The increase in pressure by Europeans
[00:14:24] on Russia has coincided with a decrease
[00:14:27] in pressure from the United States. Donald Trump, whose main
[00:14:31] priority these days is the war with Iran and controlling energy
[00:14:34] prices, has announced the supply of Russian diesel to the US and
[00:14:38] global markets, a trade concession
[00:14:41] that Moscow has been deprived of since the start
[00:14:43] of the war. At the same time, Trump has called
[00:14:47] for a change in the Ukrainian president and accused him of wasting
[00:14:51] many opportunities to end the war.
[00:14:56] Winter is coming, and Ukraine is concerned about the intensification
[00:14:59] of Russian attacks on its energy infrastructure in
[00:15:02] the cold season, a trend that has been repeated
[00:15:06] every winter since Russia's invasion of Ukraine.
[00:15:08] Mahshid Hosseini, BBC.
[00:15:12] "Women of the Revolution" is
[00:15:16] a documentary film by Mina Akbari that was screened at the closing
[00:15:19] ceremony of the Medilist New Festival in Florence, Italy. This
[00:15:23] film is a personal and collective narrative of the 1979
[00:15:27] revolution until the Woman, Life, Freedom movement. The festival
[00:15:30] jury awarded a special appreciation award to the film. Ms.
[00:15:34] Akbari had said in a message on her Instagram account that the making
[00:15:38] of this film was almost complete when, with the killing of Mahsa Amini
[00:15:41] in the custody of the Guidance Patrol, she decided to change the ending
[00:15:45] of the film. Let's watch a part of Mina Akbari's speech along with parts of the
[00:15:49] film itself.
[00:15:50] Here,
[00:15:54] women like me are criminals
[00:15:57] for hijab. Their hair is
[00:16:00] their tool of crime. What did we want that we were suppressed
[00:16:04] like this? The right to divorce, child custody, leaving the country,
[00:16:08] the right to education, singing, going to stadiums,
[00:16:11] but all these basic rights were taken
[00:16:15] from women by the adoption of oppressive
[00:16:16] laws.
[00:16:19] After two years, I was able to finish the film,
[00:16:22] its filming and its editing,
[00:16:26] when suddenly news arrived that a young girl in the same
[00:16:30] Vozara building where we used to go
[00:16:33] for our car work,
[00:16:36] there...
[00:17:00] members of parliament were following up.
[00:17:04] I think this was the final blow
[00:17:08] to us women that a young girl who
[00:17:12] didn't even have a very unconventional
[00:17:16] hijab, her hair had become her tool of crime
[00:17:19] and for that
[00:17:22] she was killed.
[00:17:24] And on the other hand, again in the film, when I talked to
[00:17:27] the members of parliament,
[00:17:30] they were also hopeless about being able to pursue
[00:17:34] our demands through the parliament. And
[00:17:37] they believed that this path had reached
[00:17:41] a dead end. I decided
[00:17:44] to change the ending of the film.
[00:17:48] That is, Mahsa's killing gave me an ending
[00:17:52] that well,
[00:17:55] these forty-something years of pressure on women
[00:17:59] had led
[00:18:02] to a boiling point, and Mahsa's death is
[00:18:06] that boiling point. which practically means
[00:18:09] the end of dialogue with the government for me.
[00:18:12] For me, "Women
[00:18:15] of the Revolution" is not just a narrative of the past.
[00:18:19] It is a narrative of the path that Iranian women
[00:18:22] have traversed over the past
[00:18:25] years and are still traversing.
[00:18:28] A path that shows that social
[00:18:32] change, even when it takes years,
[00:18:35] can
[00:18:38] begin from everyday life and individual choices
[00:18:41] and turn into a
[00:18:44] collective movement.
[00:18:48] We were watching and listening to Mina Akbari's words. She is the one
[00:18:52] who made the film "Women of the Revolution." Meanwhile, in
[00:18:55] Britain, the 70th London Film Festival
[00:18:59] is also underway, and several films by Iranian filmmakers are being
[00:19:02] screened there. "Friend's House Is Here," "Cursed Seizure," "Ambush
[00:19:06] of Light," and "I Bury My Hand in the Garden" are among these
[00:19:10] films. Most of these films are about contemporary issues
[00:19:13] in Iranian society, including the film "Friend's House
[00:19:17] Is Here," directed by Maryam Ataei and Hossein Keshavarz, which offers
[00:19:20] a different portrayal of Iranian society after the 12-day
[00:19:23] war. The film tells the story of the friendship of two young
[00:19:27] people and their efforts to achieve their dreams in today's
[00:19:31] Iran. Let's watch some parts of this film and then talk to
[00:19:34] the director.
[00:21:14] we had very good images, although we had a small
[00:21:17] group, we tried not to cut
[00:21:20] corners cinematically, and everyone
[00:21:24] I think worked very hard for this. This is also a scene from the film,
[00:21:28] if I'm not mistaken, yes.
[00:21:31] Well, it's a very different image, especially
[00:21:35] after the 12-day war and after the war that is now called the 40-day war.
[00:21:38] It still seems to be continuing.
[00:21:41] Iran has changed a lot. This is also highlighted
[00:21:45] in your film, right? Yes, well,
[00:21:48] let me tell you that the reason we decided
[00:21:52] to make this film was that when we went
[00:21:55] to Iran,
[00:21:58] we saw that the lives of young people had changed so much.
[00:22:02] The streets had changed so much. Many girls no longer
[00:22:05] wore hijab. Well, it's true that the hijab law is still
[00:22:09] in place, but the image that exists
[00:22:12] on the street, you walk around and many people are without
[00:22:15] hijab. And
[00:22:19] we went to so many
[00:22:22] underground places that were not there
[00:22:25] at least when I was a student. Now, in the last two
[00:22:29] or three years, it has become very prominent. This
[00:22:32] dynamic society and this, I think,
[00:22:36] I can't express how culturally
[00:22:39] attractive it was to see these artists
[00:22:43] and these young people. As a result, we decided that
[00:22:46] we thought it was important to capture this historical period.
[00:22:59] And I'm very happy that cinematically, they say that
[00:23:02] it has very high value. Well,
[00:23:06] of course, I'll ask about
[00:23:08] that in a year, but I also want to ask if
[00:23:11] the presence of women is very much discussed in today's society,
[00:23:15] as you mentioned, the issue of hijab and so on.
[00:23:18] There are many discussions in this regard. I think
[00:23:22] the main theme of your film is also this, right?
[00:23:25] No, the main issue is not the hijab. Well,
[00:23:29] of course, the presence of women in society, well, when you turn
[00:23:32] the camera, you see
[00:23:35] that women are without hijab. You can't, if you want
[00:23:39] to, let's say, make a report everyone will be without hijab. Some
[00:23:43] women wear hijab, some don't. Right? You know
[00:23:46] the main issue is these
[00:23:49] young people. These are two girls who now
[00:23:53] we show their dreams, and both my husband and I
[00:23:57] were very keen to show a different image
[00:24:00] of love and
[00:24:03] kindness and the help that
[00:24:06] people give each other. For example, imagine
[00:24:10] we planned to make this film before the war, but when this war happened,
[00:24:14] and especially that first night was very
[00:24:18] close to our house.
[00:24:20] And I still live with the nightmares of that night. That is, the sound was so loud,
[00:24:24] but seeing people and how they endured,
[00:24:27] how mothers helped
[00:24:31] their children get through these conditions, young people
[00:24:35] who, despite the war,
[00:24:38] still had parties, still had their gatherings.
[00:24:42] Exactly. Well, this is very interesting.
[00:24:45] If we talk about the festival, we don't have much
[00:24:49] time either. How was this reflected
[00:24:53] in the festival and what did it say? It's a very good question, actually,
[00:24:56] because this London
[00:24:59] festival is a very good festival. Well, as you can
[00:25:03] see, almost all the actors of cinema are here now
[00:25:07] and their films are in this festival. But on the first night, the film
[00:25:10] "Elsa Noir" was
[00:25:13] screened, and we went to see
[00:25:17] the film and then attended the party. The film
[00:25:20] is about a theater actor who plays
[00:25:24] Hamlet in England in his last month before
[00:25:27] he dies of AIDS,
[00:25:30] and there are many scenes in the film that cut between
[00:25:33] the theater and the life of this artist,
[00:25:37] this actor.
[00:25:40] There, they were comparing our film to this film, saying that Maryam's
[00:25:44] and Hossein's film is also about theater. And the children
[00:25:47] and theater actors in Iran. I couldn't
[00:25:51] believe that I heard from some
[00:25:54] people who are in theater here that "Does Iran even
[00:25:58] have theater?" And that's when
[00:26:01] I was shocked.
[00:26:32] both during the war and
[00:26:35] even now,
[00:26:38] you see that many plays are performed in Iran.
[00:28:23] Nawaz Sharif came back and I said they will never
[00:28:27] reach an agreement. Until Afghans decide to set aside
[00:28:30] their personal interests,
[00:28:34] and reach an agreement in which everyone has a share, there will be no peace. Iran shares a border of more than
[00:28:37] a thousand kilometers with Afghanistan. As long
[00:28:41] as Iran is not involved in the peace agreement,
[00:28:44] there will be no peace in Afghanistan.
[00:28:47] A conversation with Ben Swann, former UN representative in
[00:28:51] Afghanistan, who recently
[00:28:52] passed away.
[00:30:22] Headlines:
[00:30:25] Cancellation of most incoming and outgoing flights to Saudi Arabia due to ongoing Houthi
[00:30:29] attacks. A number of major oil companies did not
[00:30:32] attend the Riyadh Energy Conference. You told us to deduct
[00:30:36] from the goods coupon for us. We said, "Sir, the goods coupon has not
[00:30:39] paid us for a month. We swiped cards for almost 4-5 billion
[00:30:42] Tomans, and they only gave us 50 million. We don't have any more money or capital
[00:30:46] to invest." The problem of Iran's lower
[00:30:50] income deciles in purchasing essential goods. According to the media,
[00:30:53] the credit for goods coupons for 40 million people
[00:30:56] will be paid.