BBCPERSIAN — broadcast
20261102 170000 UTC
481 transcript segments
Google Cloud Speech-to-Text API (Chirp) + Gemini 2.5 Flash Non-Thinking
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Machine transcription. Treat it as a searchable index of what was broadcast, not a verbatim quotation record.

[00:00:00] when it first came to the market, it was supposed to be a practical car for
[00:00:03] ordinary people. A car that, for example, farmers could take
[00:00:07] four people around with them, transport 50 kilos of potatoes with it,
[00:00:11] and not have to worry about the car breaking down.
[00:00:15] The goal was to make car ownership and transportation easier for everyone.
[00:00:18] Now we are pursuing the exact same goal. We hope that those
[00:00:22] who liked that old Citroën will also like this new and modern
[00:00:26] version. Click
[00:00:31] every week on BBC
[00:00:33] Persian.
[00:00:39] And now on BBC Persian Television, documentary.
[00:00:55] it really is a fundamental transformation of civilization as we know it.
[00:01:00] workers who never rest or miss a
[00:01:02] shift. there's no driver.
[00:01:06] heading
[00:01:08] to ch. that is a weird
[00:01:12] thing.
[00:01:15] we've always created more jobs at the end of will robots increase productivity
[00:01:19] and make us richer?
[00:01:22] you can only get better. of course, the are risks, of course the are fears, but
[00:01:26] i am very bullish about the future. or will
[00:01:29] they... Take our jobs,
[00:01:33] make us poorer.
[00:01:36] Does that mean some people will be out of work? Yes, of course, and
[00:01:39] anyone says otherwise is just not being honest.
[00:01:59] The world. is about to be
[00:02:01] transformed
[00:02:05] by robots with artificial
[00:02:07] intelligence.
[00:02:12] Billions are being spent making
[00:02:15] machines like this:
[00:02:16] stronger, more
[00:02:20] dexturous, more
[00:02:23] intelligent.
[00:02:29] went through and asked, which one of It's definitely the star of industry. revolution
[00:02:32] and I think the speed of this is at light speed compared to
[00:02:36] previous technology, so I think this multi- trillion dollar global market is
[00:02:39] going to take place and it's going to fall right under
[00:02:42] robotics.
[00:02:51] The age of the robot is
[00:02:53] here. My
[00:02:56] god, hello.
[00:03:00] Wow, you're just like a little person. Hello,
[00:03:04] pleased to meet you. This is Koide, robot made in
[00:03:08] China and sold here in the US from around
[00:03:11] $20,000. What can you do with your arms then, coy, show me what you
[00:03:15] can, show me your tricks? Oh, very
[00:03:17] good, bit of clapping. What
[00:03:21] else?
[00:03:28] So, it can dance.
[00:03:30] It can also run and has amazing
[00:03:33] balance.
[00:03:37] This is the first humanoid robot I've met and it
[00:03:40] is, it's sort of genuinely
[00:03:42] weird, it's sort of really impressive and a bit frightening at the same
[00:03:46] time.
[00:03:54] It looks good, but this humanoid robot
[00:03:58] doesn't think for itself.
[00:04:05] "its movements have been pre-programmed and are
[00:04:08] controlled by an
[00:04:09] operator.
[00:04:15] the machines could become robot workforce
[00:04:18] operated remotely from countries where wages are much
[00:04:22] lower.
[00:04:26] we can almost have people sitting in almost call
[00:04:28] alone. If we come back in centers and being strapped up to..." mimicking devices for teleoperation and
[00:04:32] operating in a warehouse right? and it's almost like you could build the whole
[00:04:35] industry off that, you could have very cheap labor, maybe in countries where it's
[00:04:39] cheaper than you in Europe or the United States, doing the labor, but controlled by
[00:04:42] somebody where labor is lot cheaper, it's like outsource physical labor, which is pretty crazy to
[00:04:46] think
[00:04:46] about,
[00:04:51] and that raises one very big
[00:04:54] question, are robots about to
[00:04:58] take your job?
[00:05:02] This is me here,
[00:05:06] that's my waymo, this is a driverless
[00:05:09] taxi, look, that's got my name on the...
[00:05:12] roof, that's RB, that's me on the
[00:05:15] roof.
[00:05:19] hello, hi there. so it said, hi
[00:05:23] there, richard. okay, so it says uh, good afternoon
[00:05:26] Richard, start ride, i'm going to close the
[00:05:29] door and i'm going to start the
[00:05:32] ride.
[00:05:35] there's no driver, heading to chase
[00:05:37] center,
[00:05:42] that is a... weird thing to feel,
[00:05:56] this is what robots can do when they're powered with
[00:05:59] artificial intelligence,
[00:06:02] a machine that can think for itself working the
[00:06:05] streets of San
[00:06:06] Francisco.
[00:06:10] Waymo has around a thousand. them here and they've become part
[00:06:14] of city life, there's no driver, this is all
[00:06:18] automatic, and this is kind of wow, it's not
[00:06:21] afraid to go a bit faster,
[00:06:33] I've been in it now what a minute and you do
[00:06:36] think it's in control, we've stopped at a crossing, we've gone through
[00:06:39] roadworks, stopping a junction now.
[00:06:44] There's another one coming the other
[00:06:45] way,
[00:06:52] yeah, look, it's all starting to feel
[00:06:54] normal,
[00:07:04] don't forget your phone, keys, or
[00:07:06] what?
[00:07:12] I mean, "I enjoyed it, I
[00:07:15] enjoyed it, but it's very,
[00:07:19] very weird at the beginning, it's really weird to be in a car that's just
[00:07:22] flicking the wheel, using the indicator,
[00:07:26] just driving itself
[00:07:27] around.
[00:07:33] Waymo cars already operate in 10
[00:07:36] US cities, the plan is to have them on
[00:07:40] London's roads by the end of this year.
[00:07:44] "I would say that, they're more like uh the most, the
[00:07:48] safest, most competent driver uh that you've ever been with, they're
[00:07:52] paying attention all the time, they're never drunk, they're never texting, um, and they're
[00:07:56] able to react really at split second uh notice to anything uh that might
[00:08:00] come around. Do you worry that you're taking jobs away from people?
[00:08:03] Certainly, I think we're expecting that AI is going to change the world in many,
[00:08:07] many different ways, but we haven't yet seen data that, jobs or
[00:08:10] employment in these areas." is necessarily going to fall off
[00:08:13] cliff.
[00:08:17] It hasn't all been
[00:08:18] perfect.
[00:08:21] One customer started filming when the car went wrong.
[00:08:25] It's circling around a parking lot.
[00:08:28] I got my seat belt on, I can't get out the car. Has this been hacked? What's
[00:08:32] going on? I feel like I'm in the movies. Is
[00:08:35] somebody playing a joke on me? And I got a flight to
[00:08:38] cats.
[00:08:42] Last year Waymo reported around 600
[00:08:46] incidents from low speed bumps to more serious
[00:08:49] collisions.
[00:08:53] Wahimo says its data from the past five years
[00:08:56] suggests the robot taxes are 10 times
[00:08:59] safer than human driven
[00:09:01] vehicles.
[00:09:07] Waymo is the most mature manifestation of AI in the
[00:09:11] physical world. "I think that for the vast
[00:09:14] majority of our driving, it's a chore, it's a burden for
[00:09:17] many uh uh for many folks, and I think if there's an opportunity to get rid of that and
[00:09:21] give that time back in society, then we should take that
[00:09:24] opportunity.
[00:09:28] There's around 120,000
[00:09:31] licensed taxi and private hire drivers in
[00:09:34] London. In the US, there's more than half
[00:09:37] million taxi drivers
[00:09:41] a couple of years..." will these guys even be
[00:09:44] here?
[00:09:46] we've come to look at waymo, you know the driverless cars, it's the
[00:09:50] ghost car,
[00:09:53] yeah, it's a ghost car, i
[00:09:56] don't know what the cd, what the government is thinking, does it
[00:10:00] make you angry? of course, we are in a
[00:10:04] AI era now, you know, technology gonna
[00:10:07] take a lot of you, not only is taxi, you know, what do you say to the people
[00:10:11] who use the waymost too? why should they stick with people and reject machines?
[00:10:15] when they break down don't come to
[00:10:16] us.
[00:10:26] the US along with China, leads the way on
[00:10:30] robotics and
[00:10:31] AI.
[00:10:37] What's happening here in California will affect all our
[00:10:41] lives,
[00:10:45] and in cities like Los Angeles, AI powered
[00:10:48] robots are moving door to
[00:10:50] door.
[00:10:54] So, I'm... just ordered a cheeseburger for
[00:10:57] delivering and I want to sit here and I'm going to wait for it to
[00:11:01] arrive.
[00:11:06] bouncing towards me is robot a
[00:11:09] mission. This could be
[00:11:12] it.
[00:11:14] Similar machines have been trialed in England. It's
[00:11:18] a big market. There's thought to be around
[00:11:22] 100,000 restaurant delivery drivers. in the
[00:11:25] UK, pretty much at every juncture in the
[00:11:29] past, when new technology has been introduced, people have worried about
[00:11:32] jobs fairly, um, what has happened is yes, there has been
[00:11:36] displacement, jobs have evolved, but net
[00:11:40] the day. of course there are risks, of course there are fears, but
[00:11:44] I am very bullish about the
[00:11:45] future.
[00:11:51] One study estimated that 60% of jobs... done in
[00:11:55] the US didn't even exist in
[00:11:58] 1940,
[00:12:01] so our robots, job takers or job
[00:12:04] makers.
[00:12:08] i think it's always possible to come up with an outcome where which is very
[00:12:11] unequal, which is very
[00:12:15] uh unfair to a large portion of the population, but
[00:12:18] it doesn't have to be that way.
[00:12:22] james besson studies how technology, changes the way we
[00:12:26] work,
[00:12:29] concerns about computers replacing
[00:12:32] humans have been around since the 60s, so I in
[00:12:36] fact looked at the
[00:12:39] 1950
[00:12:40] census,
[00:12:46] they had some 250 some occupations,
[00:12:50] detailed occupations that were listed, and I
[00:12:54] these? appeared because of automation, and
[00:12:57] it turns out there was only one, it was the elevator
[00:13:00] operator.
[00:13:06] He says, the lesson from history is new
[00:13:08] technology expands the
[00:13:10] economy and creates new
[00:13:13] jobs.
[00:13:17] It's just a mistake to think that this technology comes in and
[00:13:20] replaces the humans and everything else stays the same. It's not what
[00:13:23] happens.
[00:13:30] Back in California, someone who has a more radical
[00:13:34] view. Egdill is one of the
[00:13:38] founders of mechanized ink, a tech
[00:13:41] startup that teaches AI how to do specific
[00:13:44] jobs. He thinks AI later
[00:13:48] combined with robots will replace us all within
[00:13:51] decades. Our goal is to...
[00:13:55] the data products that enable the automation of the
[00:13:58] economy, so it means that whatever jobs that
[00:14:01] humans are doing right now, we want AI to get good enough that it
[00:14:05] can replace humans at those jobs, so so you want to
[00:14:08] optimize the whole workforce, yeah, how will you do
[00:14:12] that, how's that possible? i think it's going to take a while uh,
[00:14:16] it's not going to be very easy, but the it it
[00:14:20] also won't just be done by us, so we see ourselves as playing uh
[00:14:23] parts in a much.
[00:14:25] process,
[00:14:30] it started
[00:14:31] already.
[00:14:34] Amazon has an army of robots a million
[00:14:38] worldwide.
[00:14:41] Documents leaked from inside Amazon last year
[00:14:45] suggested the company wants 75%
[00:14:48] automation,
[00:14:51] which would mean hundreds of thousands of jobs that could have been.
[00:14:55] created wouldn't be needed.
[00:14:59] Amazon said the plans didn't represent its overall hiring
[00:15:03] strategy.
[00:15:09] But it isn't just manual work being taken by
[00:15:13] machines.
[00:15:16] Office jobs are also under threat from
[00:15:18] AI. AI models they are very good at
[00:15:22] at this point like reading large amounts of document. and summarizing
[00:15:26] what's in them, we're going to see more junior white color
[00:15:29] jobs get automated, how soon? and i think it's already
[00:15:33] happening.
[00:15:38] An estimated 70% of UK
[00:15:41] workers are in occupations containing tasks that
[00:15:44] AI could potentially perform or
[00:15:46] enhance.
[00:15:51] One survey of company bosses suggests AI
[00:15:54] is already replacing more jobs in the UK than it's
[00:15:57] creating.
[00:16:03] AI can take a thousand documents and get bowl point list of what's in them
[00:16:06] in you know. a couple minutes right or less, so I think
[00:16:10] in the same way humanode robots, if we achieve that potential have the
[00:16:14] potential to do simple tasks that humans can do
[00:16:17] now, right, they could automate that, which will change the the
[00:16:21] reflection of the workforce, absolutely, yeah, and does that
[00:16:24] mean some people will be out of work? yes of course, and anyone says
[00:16:28] otherwise is just not being
[00:16:30] honest.
[00:16:36] some skilled. jobs like a plumber or a car
[00:16:40] mechanic are not about to be replaced by humanoid
[00:16:43] robot for
[00:16:46] now
[00:16:50] Jimmy here is showing the robot what to do by moving his arms as he moves his
[00:16:54] right arm it's moving the right robot arm as he moves his head
[00:16:58] it's moving the robot head and you can just demonstrate the task and the
[00:17:01] robot learns from what you're showing it so it's not that he's controlling
[00:17:05] it it's the it's the robot
[00:17:08] Exactly.
[00:17:10] This machine is using AI. It's learning how
[00:17:14] to move different objects by repeating task over
[00:17:18] and
[00:17:18] over.
[00:17:23] It's called reinforce learning and is how most
[00:17:26] AI robots are
[00:17:28] taught.
[00:17:32] It means this welding machine can make decisions for
[00:17:35] itself.
[00:17:38] Initially it requires lot of training data and we're working with uh
[00:17:42] expert welders across the country to effectively train this welding AI
[00:17:46] model so that it can weld anything just like master welder
[00:17:49] could. The US, like many
[00:17:53] developed economies has a shortage of skilled
[00:17:56] labor. You talk to any manufacturer here in the
[00:18:00] US, you hear the same challenge again and again, finding good labor. We've
[00:18:03] deployed hundreds of robots. We haven't seen a single customer.
[00:18:07] uh, let go of a worker when they bought
[00:18:10] robot,
[00:18:16] but what about when a humanoid robot worker
[00:18:20] arrives?
[00:18:23] figure AI say their robots worked 1200
[00:18:26] hours on 10-hour shifts
[00:18:29] during a trial a BMW plants in the
[00:18:32] U.S.
[00:18:37] so our humanoids about to take over in the
[00:18:41] workplace
[00:18:44] and walk into our homes.
[00:18:48] well, when left to work independently, today's
[00:18:51] humanoids can struggle with the most basic
[00:18:54] tasks.
[00:18:58] there's nothing wrong with being aspirational. i think where it
[00:19:02] crosses the line is when the
[00:19:05] aspirational statements get into the real of that's not
[00:19:08] possible, i can't get behind someone saying, in the next two years
[00:19:12] we're going to play 10 million robots in homes,
[00:19:15] like i know that's not physically
[00:19:18] possible, but it feels like lot of the
[00:19:21] players going after the home market, it's like the wild wild
[00:19:24] west.
[00:19:30] right now, AI powered humanoids are still in their
[00:19:34] infancy?
[00:19:37] It's expensive research, so more
[00:19:40] investment is always needed.
[00:19:44] The idea that machines can replace humans is something
[00:19:47] that's fascinated humans, and unfortunately what that means is
[00:19:51] it's a very ripe pickings for hype. It's
[00:19:54] a way of selling the company, it's a way of making that company seem valuable. If investors
[00:19:58] start thinking that they're very close to the real
[00:20:02] thing, uh, they pour money into
[00:20:04] it.
[00:20:09] 'These humanoid robots look
[00:20:11] independent,
[00:20:14] but they're remotely controlled, pre-programmed
[00:20:17] machines,
[00:20:20] a long way from the sci-fi vision of
[00:20:23] autonomous sentient robots.
[00:20:27] There's a new video every day of robot doing something cool, dancing,
[00:20:30] running, backflipping, all those things, and
[00:20:34] the problem is when it comes to the day-to-day task doing things'. like
[00:20:37] opening a door, we don't have a humanoid robot that can robustly open
[00:20:41] doors right now, mean, not even that basic thing,
[00:20:45] right?
[00:20:51] "and if we can't open a door, we probably can't have humanoid deployed in
[00:20:55] your house doing all the other things, right? it can't even get in your
[00:20:57] house,
[00:21:06] but that is changing. here at
[00:21:09] the California Institute of Technology, they are
[00:21:12] pioneering a new way of teaching
[00:21:15] robots.
[00:21:18] the key novelty to this..." humanoid is, it's a normal sort of off
[00:21:22] the shelf humanoid, yeah, but we've added some additional processing, you can see in
[00:21:26] its chest there, this is actually a full like desktop computer that we put top of
[00:21:30] it,
[00:21:34] this one is designed for emergency
[00:21:37] rescue. the idea is we'd like to take something like this into
[00:21:41] let's say fire fighting situations, right? so there's a
[00:21:44] building, it's on fire, the human only can walk in the building itself, but the
[00:21:48] drone could surve the building. really quickly,
[00:21:50] right?
[00:21:57] here they're looking at ways to make robots safer in the
[00:22:01] real world. instead of following pre-programmed
[00:22:05] actions, the robots can work out the movements for
[00:22:08] themselves.
[00:22:10] i think that physics have the information we need, that rather than teaching the robot to emulate a
[00:22:14] human, we should teach robot to understand the physics, and by
[00:22:17] understanding the physics it can know how to run lots of different ways and do lots of different actions
[00:22:21] and
[00:22:26] this is what's coming:
[00:22:30] safety driven AI guarantees the robot dog avoids
[00:22:34] collisions. it's computer brain can
[00:22:37] see, think and work out how to get around
[00:22:41] objects and people. this
[00:22:43] is the robot reacting in its own way to
[00:22:47] information from the environment, right? and so... and it's
[00:22:50] doing it in a seemingly very natural way,
[00:22:53] yes, but it's all a function of math, it's deciding where to go, yep, it's
[00:22:57] deciding where to go and how to avoid you, doesn't like me, multiple people, doesn't
[00:23:01] like anybody, in fact that's the way it works right, you
[00:23:04] can do this where you, it is, you come in slow and it seems to almost for
[00:23:08] second, it's like, it feels like something that's
[00:23:11] alive, it's a step to autonomy, but also a step
[00:23:14] safety, yeah, and making robots that people feel
[00:23:18] comfortable around around, so...
[00:23:20] no longer scared of this robot, right? yeah, you now almost feel sorry for
[00:23:24] it. yeah, do, and i think if we can cross that divide where people
[00:23:27] can feel for robots, then it
[00:23:30] opens the window to having robots around us in our daily lives in
[00:23:34] constructive ways. that that's that's
[00:23:36] incredible.
[00:23:38] cool. what do you think? that's my favorite. it's
[00:23:40] extraordinary.
[00:23:52] Our lives will change.
[00:23:56] Meta, which owns Facebook, says it's spending
[00:23:59] $135 billion dollars this year on
[00:24:02] AI and expects AI to change the way we
[00:24:06] work.
[00:24:09] Elon Musk predicts robots will replace us as
[00:24:12] workers and make work
[00:24:15] an optional
[00:24:16] hobby.
[00:24:21] "all sounds great, doesn't it? but there are one or two things we
[00:24:24] need to work out before we all start relaxing,
[00:24:27] like where is our money going to come from if we're not
[00:24:30] working?
[00:24:36] if AI driven robots do the work, won't the tech
[00:24:39] companies that control them take most of the
[00:24:42] gains?
[00:24:46] mechanizing says workers around the world.
[00:24:50] currently paid about 50 trillion
[00:24:52] pounds.
[00:24:55] It thinks Big Tech could eventually replace them
[00:24:59] all
[00:25:01] and capture most of that
[00:25:03] cash. Is that ethical to pursue
[00:25:07] that? I think it's ethical in general for people to try to make money. I
[00:25:11] would say that
[00:25:13] uh, people becoming unemployed is obviously a cost,
[00:25:17] but you have to trade that off against the benefits. The... economy instead of
[00:25:20] doubling every 20, 30 years could go to doubling like every
[00:25:24] year.
[00:25:30] this argument for ever greater automation is
[00:25:33] being driven by tech
[00:25:35] companies,
[00:25:38] but their robots aren't ready to take over
[00:25:42] yet.
[00:25:45] money isn't going to really be made by taking
[00:25:49] a worker way and putting robot
[00:25:53] in, that's small
[00:25:55] potatoes,
[00:25:57] where the real payoff to the technology is is where the
[00:26:01] technology and... humans working together can do
[00:26:04] much more than they did
[00:26:06] before.
[00:26:09] i think that building technology and
[00:26:12] advancing our capabilities as humanity
[00:26:15] is always to our benefit. we have an
[00:26:18] opportunity to change the world and to
[00:26:22] basically raise everyone
[00:26:24] up.
[00:26:32] The robots are coming, they
[00:26:36] will transform the
[00:26:37] workplace.
[00:26:41] So what happens to us if they're doing most of the work?
[00:28:01] We had sheep when the lake had water,
[00:28:04] we had 200 sheep. Now we have
[00:28:08] 200 sheep. When the Hamoun had water,
[00:28:12] it was abundant. You can see
[00:28:14] a drop of rainwater for these camels.
[00:28:18] Now it's dry, there's no water. Hamoun is for its
[00:28:21] people. Hamoun once,
[00:28:25] this week on
[00:28:26] Aparat.
[00:28:41] It's been a few months since the internet was reconnected, but in practice, many VPNs still work with difficulty
[00:28:44] or disconnect frequently. The reality is that the internet in Iran has not yet returned to its state before
[00:28:48] the massacre and war. So what's the situation? Monitoring groups say that
[00:28:52] users in Iran can still connect to the internet with a fragile
[00:28:56] and exhausting connection, but even the so-called
[00:28:59] national internet, or the internet that the Iranian government is encouraging
[00:29:03] or forcing people to use, after all these restrictions
[00:29:06] and price increases, still hasn't been able to replace the internet for many
[00:29:10] people. A survey conducted by ISPA tells us that
[00:29:14] 71% of users are still using foreign social networks.
[00:29:18] Of course, the dominant pattern is that they usually have an account on at least
[00:29:22] one of the local platforms or local messengers and also use foreign social networks.
[00:29:25] The reason for their use of those local platforms, I think,
[00:29:29] is also clear because from approximately last winter
[00:29:33] to this spring, almost half of this period we did not have access to
[00:29:36] international internet. We faced various types of filtering, restrictions
[00:29:40] were intensified, and in addition to that, we still cannot call this
[00:29:44] an optional choice for local platforms because many
[00:29:47] users are still forced to use these local platforms
[00:29:51] or local messengers for various administrative, educational, and medical
[00:29:55] services. There are several other interesting data points that
[00:29:58] clarify the situation of platforms. One is that
[00:30:02] 74% still stated in
[00:30:04] this survey that they use VPNs, and a question was asked about
[00:30:08] which platform is their priority for unfiltering.
[00:30:11] Around 48% named Instagram, and
[00:30:14] around 21% named Telegram.
[00:30:18] Therefore, we can conclude that the ISPA survey data tells
[00:30:22] us that the policies of internet shutdown, intensified filtering, and all these
[00:30:26] have not yet been able to deter users or
[00:30:30] push them towards using local platforms.
[00:30:34] And now on BBC Persian Television, Lifestyle.
[00:30:41] و حالا در تلویزیون فارسی بی بی سی سبک زندگی.