BBCPERSIAN — broadcast
20261102 193000 UTC
388 transcript segments
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[00:00:22] Breaking news.
[00:00:25] I can say that we have now reached a two-day plan.
[00:00:27] Tehran's readiness for the opening of the Strait of Hormuz in 48 hours.
[00:00:31] Mohsen Rezaei talked with Putin. Beijing said it supports
[00:00:34] Iran's right to defend itself.
[00:00:38] حمایت می
[00:00:38] Controversy in Michigan.
[00:00:44] One day before the midterm elections in the US.
[00:00:48] A Democratic representative supported the Republican candidate
[00:00:51] with an Arab candidate from his party.
[00:00:54] Hacking of supermarket refrigerators
[00:00:58] in seven European countries, from Sweden to Luxembourg.
[00:01:02] The European Union says there is a deliberate attempt
[00:01:05] to weaken the food supply chain on the continent.
[00:01:08] And
[00:01:39] to this news program. Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araqchi
[00:01:43] said that as a result of ongoing talks with Qatari
[00:01:46] mediators, Iran's proposed seven-day plan has now
[00:01:50] been reduced to two days, so that if the US meets
[00:01:53] Iran's conditions on the first day, the Strait of Hormuz will be opened
[00:01:57] on the second day. On the other hand, in continuation of efforts.
[00:02:25] Simultaneously with these developments, however, several other commercial ships in the Persian Gulf
[00:02:29] were targeted. One of these vessels was carrying
[00:02:32] Qatari gas, and the attack on it has faced widespread
[00:02:36] condemnation. Kasra Naji reports.
[00:02:38] In Mahabad,
[00:02:42] in western Iran, today we witnessed a parade
[00:02:46] of the Unity Brigade of the Islamic Revolutionary
[00:02:49] Guard Corps and the heroic army, a ceremony
[00:02:52] to mobilize more forces on the eve of what
[00:02:56] could be a new round of a major war with America.
[00:03:08] At the same time, you are talking about threats and diplomacy. What has been the result
[00:03:11] of the bilateral consultations? The talks continue. In any case,
[00:03:15] the issue is a complex one, or rather, the issues are
[00:03:18] very complex, and the passage
[00:03:21] of time, given America's performance,
[00:03:25] has added to the complexities. You cannot talk about the Strait
[00:03:29] of Hormuz. Be concerned about insecurity
[00:03:32] in the Strait of Hormuz, but still continue
[00:03:35] the economic blockade of Iran and all
[00:03:38] those things that you accepted in the framework
[00:03:42] of the Islamabad understanding. Put them all aside
[00:03:46] and expect Iran to unilaterally
[00:03:49] accept commitments. In the
[00:03:52] US, these are the latest remarks of US President Donald Trump.
[00:03:55] The only reason we're not finishing the job immediately
[00:03:59] is because I want to do them a favor. I want to try to save a lot of lives.
[00:04:03] My opponent is sitting there doing nothing. Eventually, at some
[00:04:06] point, we have to deal with them with a hammer.
[00:04:10] Iranian newspapers today are busy preparing public opinion
[00:04:14] inside. Iran has said that if war resumes, it will attack
[00:04:18] not only targets in the region but beyond.
[00:04:21] The countries of the region,
[00:04:24] unfortunately, I have to say some of them even America.
[00:04:28] The best way is for friends to convince
[00:04:38] their friends in America that a new war should not
[00:04:42] start because we are forced
[00:04:44] to defend ourselves. The Secretary
[00:04:48] of Iran's Supreme National Security Council spoke by phone with the Russian
[00:04:51] leader today. Iran expects more help
[00:04:55] from its allies Russia and China and intervention
[00:04:59] to prevent war. Beijing
[00:05:02] is concerned about the consequences of such a war for the region
[00:05:05] and the world. This meeting today between the Chinese Foreign Minister and the Deputy
[00:05:09] Secretary of Iran's Supreme National Security Council. Beijing
[00:05:13] is expected to send a special envoy of the president to Iran
[00:05:16] and the region soon. China wants the Strait
[00:05:20] of Hormuz to return to the pre-war arrangements. This
[00:05:23] country has started a series of new consultations with the leaders
[00:05:27] of the region's countries to intensify diplomatic
[00:05:30] efforts to prevent war. Kasra Naji,
[00:05:34] BBC. Abbas Faiz, China affairs analyst
[00:05:37] from London, is with us. Mr. Faiz, how much can
[00:05:41] China really play a critical role here? And the fact that it is said
[00:05:45] that it has defended Iran's right to self-defense
[00:05:48] and taken this stance is important for Iran.
[00:05:52] I think that, well, to the extent
[00:05:55] of, I would say, a kind
[00:05:59] of diplomatic support, it has been
[00:06:03] very valuable and perhaps will be valuable,
[00:06:06] but it cannot go beyond that,
[00:06:10] because if, for example, it is said
[00:06:14] that it supports Iran's right to defend itself,
[00:06:17] well, this is something that any country can say
[00:06:21] in relation to another country. But at
[00:06:24] the same time, it is also a message to,
[00:06:27] in fact, America that if things
[00:06:31] become much more complicated, the slogans that China
[00:06:35] gives or the words that China says will actually
[00:06:38] be more severe, but it does not
[00:06:41] seem that at present, for example,
[00:06:44] China will prepare itself to enter Iran
[00:06:48] for military defense. Firstly, military defense is not possible
[00:06:52] for China, because there is
[00:06:54] no agreement between Iran
[00:06:58] and China for military support for each other,
[00:07:02] and secondly, China will not
[00:07:05] want to do anything, meaning if it enters Iran,
[00:07:09] it will have to spoil its relations with the countries
[00:07:12] of the Persian Gulf and with other countries. I don't think
[00:07:16] this is actually more than
[00:07:19] diplomatic support, but Mr. Faiz, it is also said
[00:07:23] in some academic circles that China is not interested
[00:07:27] in America winning
[00:07:30] the conflict it has started with Iran. It does not see this
[00:07:34] as being in its long-term interest, and they say
[00:07:38] that there is also evidence
[00:07:41] that the Chinese have helped Iran in various
[00:07:45] fields. How true is this?
[00:07:48] Yes, there are relatively
[00:07:51] credible reports that China has provided
[00:07:54] facilities to the leaders
[00:07:58] of the Islamic Republic in a way that is not really
[00:08:01] obvious, but if
[00:08:04] you look at the statement that China,
[00:08:08] the Chinese government, issued today regarding
[00:08:11] its work with the Sultan
[00:08:15] of Oman, you will see that in that statement,
[00:08:19] the tone that the Chinese government
[00:08:21] has towards the developments in the
[00:08:25] Persian Gulf region and generally
[00:08:28] the Middle East is a much softer tone.
[00:08:31] In that statement, it is directly stated
[00:08:34] that it is up to Iran and America to resolve
[00:08:38] their differences, and there is no mention
[00:08:41] at all that China is going
[00:08:45] to defend Iran. The only thing said
[00:08:48] in that statement is that
[00:08:51] China will send several of its
[00:08:55] political and diplomatic envoys
[00:08:58] to the region in the near future,
[00:09:01] and that will not be only to Iran but to other places,
[00:09:05] meaning that what China said about
[00:09:08] Iran, Mr. Wang Yi said about Iran,
[00:09:12] is somewhat different from the statement that
[00:09:16] China issued about the Middle East and about
[00:09:19] America and Iran during
[00:09:22] Mr. Xi Jinping's meeting with the Sultan
[00:09:26] of Oman today. Thank you very much,
[00:09:28] Mr. Faiz, Abbas Faiz, China affairs
[00:09:32] analyst from London.
[00:09:34] In the
[00:09:37] remaining hours until the official start of voting in the midterm
[00:09:41] congressional elections, Democrats and Republicans
[00:09:44] are engaged in their final efforts to win over voters.
[00:09:47] More than 50 million Americans have already
[00:09:51] cast their ballots. Polls show increasing support for Democrats
[00:09:55] in key Senate races, including in the states
[00:09:59] of Ohio, Texas, and Maine. Donald Trump, minutes ago, in front
[00:10:02] of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, once again urged voters to support
[00:10:06] him and his party. He called the Democratic Party's
[00:10:10] electoral rivals dangerous radicals.
[00:10:24] Imagine
[00:10:30] my name is on the ballot papers. This means
[00:10:34] he hoped that his supporters would feel
[00:10:37] that this election, voting for his party members, is like voting
[00:10:41] for himself. Well, this is in a situation where Mr. Trump's popularity
[00:10:44] is below 35%. Naturally, it ended up benefiting
[00:10:48] the Democrats, because they say exactly the same thing. They say,
[00:10:51] don't imagine that you are voting between Republican
[00:11:04] The important thing is that if that governor, that representative, that senator
[00:11:08] you want to vote for is a Republican, according to Mr. Trump himself,
[00:11:11] you are actually voting for Mr. Trump. And this is actually
[00:11:15] nationalizing and making nationwide an election that in each electoral
[00:11:18] district has its own specific characteristics.
[00:11:22] In some electoral districts,
[00:11:25] the Republican candidate may have more
[00:11:28] popularity among the people of that region, have a longer
[00:11:31] historical record, or have no violations in his record.
[00:11:35] But all of this is now overshadowed by the fact that this election
[00:11:39] is in a way a referendum on Mr. Trump.
[00:11:41] Now, if Mr. Trump's popularity was above 50% or
[00:11:45] around that, then this strategy might have benefited the Republicans.
[00:11:49] But given the 65% to 70% dissatisfaction of the people
[00:11:52] with Mr. Trump, it could naturally be to his detriment.
[00:12:03] His policies over the past two years. He also emphasized
[00:12:07] that the price of oil has dropped $10 today, and all these are signs
[00:12:11] that the steps he has taken have been effective. But in any
[00:12:14] case, in this situation and atmosphere we are in, if this election,
[00:12:18] as Mr. Trump's words have helped, and Democrats have pursued,
[00:12:21] turns into a referendum on Mr. Trump's two-year term,
[00:12:25] then it should be assumed that the polls' predictions
[00:12:29] are correct. Based on these polls, in the House
[00:12:32] of Representatives, Democrats are almost certain to win the majority, and then
[00:12:36] the competition will be for the Senate. Whether Republicans
[00:12:39] will lose their majority, and if Democrats win,
[00:12:43] by how many seats they can gain the majority in the Senate.
[00:12:47] These are all questions that we must
[00:12:50] wait until at least Wednesday morning
[00:12:52] to get a picture of whether these
[00:12:56] polls predicted correctly or not. In the US, it is common,
[00:13:00] with one or two exceptions, for a president to lose one of the
[00:13:04] houses in his second term, but it is very
[00:13:14] the size of the defeat, the number of seats that one
[00:13:17] party concedes to another, is important. And as
[00:13:21] a result, if the number, for example, in the House of Representatives,
[00:13:24] you need 18-20 seats to reach a majority. If the
[00:13:27] Democrats at the end of the count
[00:13:30] have 230 seats, 239 seats, according to
[00:13:33] the prediction of one of the most reputable polls, this indicates
[00:13:37] that this defeat was not just
[00:13:40] a usual, traditional midterm defeat
[00:13:44] for the president, but rather a resounding rejection where the majority
[00:13:47] of public opinion decisively voted against the president. That will naturally
[00:13:51] have deeper consequences for the Republicans, and also regarding
[00:13:55] the Senate, if Democrats win with 51
[00:13:58] seats, or 53, 54, it will
[00:14:01] have different meanings and consequences.
[00:14:05] Thank you very much, Bahman Kalbasi,
[00:14:08] our correspondent in New York.
[00:14:12] We continue the program with a few short news items. In
[00:14:16] the United Arab Emirates, the CEO of Abu Dhabi's
[00:14:19] state oil company has warned that global
[00:14:23] crude oil reserves are severely
[00:14:25] depleted. Sultan Ahmed Al Jaber said that since the disruption
[00:14:29] of tanker traffic in the Strait of Hormuz, nearly one billion barrels
[00:14:33] of crude oil have been drawn from global reserves. According to the Emirati
[00:14:36] official, the cost of transportation and logistics, which was previously
[00:14:40] 5% of the price of each barrel, has now reached over 30%.
[00:14:44] He has called for an increase in strategic
[00:14:47] reserve capacity.
[00:14:49] The Ansar Allah
[00:14:51] group in Yemen, known as the Houthis, says
[00:14:55] that seven people were injured in Saudi airstrikes
[00:14:59] on the port of Ras Isa on the Red Sea coast and an oil facility
[00:15:03] in Hodeidah province. The spokesperson for the Houthi
[00:15:06] Ministry of Health called these attacks a clear violation of
[00:15:10] international humanitarian law. The Saudi-led coalition
[00:15:13] says the goal of these operations was to disable resources
[00:15:17] used by the Houthis. According to the United
[00:15:20] Nations, more than 160 people have been killed
[00:15:24] in the Yemeni conflict this year.
[00:15:26] The governor of Hebron
[00:15:28] says that Israeli forces have withdrawn from the center of the province
[00:15:32] in the southern occupied West Bank after a 10-day siege.
[00:15:36] He said that Palestinian security forces
[00:15:39] have taken control of the area. The mayor of Hebron
[00:15:43] also said that families who were forced to leave their homes can
[00:15:46] now return. Students and university students also went
[00:15:50] to schools and universities for the first time in 10 days.
[00:15:53] The Israeli army besieged the city about 10 days ago
[00:15:57] after a deadly shooting of its soldiers.
[00:16:00] British Home Secretary
[00:16:03] Shabana Mahmood announced changes
[00:16:06] in recent hours.
[00:16:10] Based on this, immigrants who earn less than £50,000 a year
[00:16:14] will be eligible for permanent residency after 10 years.
[00:16:18] This residency period is more than 5 years for those who earn
[00:16:21] more than £50,000, and 3 years for immigrants
[00:16:25] whose income is between £125,000 and more than £125,000.
[00:16:29] According to current regulations, this period was
[00:16:32] 5 years for all immigrants. Also, from now on,
[00:16:35] immigrants who, instead of following the rules,
[00:16:58] According to him, the building of this school in the Zaporizhzhia region
[00:17:02] was used for distributing humanitarian aid. Mr. Zelensky
[00:17:05] said that this school has been attacked more than ten times.
[00:17:09] He says that Moscow knew that humanitarian aid was being
[00:17:13] distributed in this building. According to local officials,
[00:17:17] rescue operations are continuing. Ukraine
[00:17:21] and Russia accused each other of hacking into each other's
[00:17:25] emergency warning systems. It has been reported that in both
[00:17:28] countries, fake warning messages about chemical attacks,
[00:17:32] nuclear attacks, and street clashes have been sent
[00:17:35] to citizens. Nazanin Samsami reports.
[00:17:40] On one side, war and airstrikes, and on the other side,
[00:17:43] cyber warfare. A warning about the risk
[00:17:46] of radiation in Kyiv. One minute later, a message
[00:17:50] in Russian about a missile on its way. Then a chemical
[00:17:54] attack warning and street fighting. These were
[00:17:57] fake messages that Ukrainian citizens received
[00:18:01] on their phones only a few minutes after
[00:18:04] the ceasefire with Russia ended. Telegram,
[00:18:39] for example, which is Russian, we are at risk regarding cybersecurity. Now all these accounts are being hacked.
[00:18:43] In the fake warning, subscribers were told that they were
[00:18:46] at risk and that nuclear warheads had been fired
[00:18:50] at all regions of Russia.
[00:18:53] This means that such applications, which are designed
[00:18:57] for civilian safety, when they become targets
[00:19:00] of war, are hacked. They can
[00:19:04] create confusion and tension, leading to dangerous
[00:19:07] consequences for citizens. Russia
[00:19:11] and Ukraine accuse each other of these attacks.
[00:19:14] But regardless of where the hackers infiltrated
[00:19:18] these applications, the main question is, when these
[00:19:21] systems are hacked, what is
[00:19:29] and loudspeakers informed people of danger.
[00:19:31] And its meaning is an air
[00:19:35] raid.
[00:19:45] But now these warnings are often published on mobile phones.
[00:19:49] A fast way, especially
[00:19:51] for places where the sound of the siren does not reach
[00:19:55] everyone. But
[00:19:59] in Iran, where the shadow of war still hangs heavy over the people,
[00:20:02] there is no news of these warning applications. Even
[00:20:06] when the US and Israel attacked Iran, no air raid
[00:20:10] siren sounded, nor was any warning message sent to people's
[00:20:13] phones. Nazanin Samsami,
[00:20:16] BBC. Dozens of supermarkets
[00:20:18] سی.
[00:20:21] in 7 countries, including the Netherlands, Sweden,
[00:20:25] Belgium, Luxembourg, and Ireland, reported
[00:20:28] malfunctions in their refrigerators. It is likely that the cause
[00:20:31] of this malfunction is a cyber attack on the software controlling
[00:20:35] these systems. The CEO of a company
[00:20:37] that installs cooling equipment in Belgium says that during the night,
[00:20:41] the temperature of the freezers rose, and the food inside them spoiled.
[00:20:45] A few weeks ago, hackers took control of the refrigerators
[00:20:49] of several chain stores across France. Mohsen
[00:20:52] Behzad-Karimi, EU affairs analyst from Brussels, Belgium. Mr.
[00:20:56] Behzad-Karimi, given that this happened in France before,
[00:20:59] and now in several other countries, is this
[00:21:03] a targeted and coordinated
[00:21:05] campaign? Look, this
[00:21:08] kind of behavior in today's world of communications
[00:21:11] and in today's cyber world is like a series
[00:21:14] of actions that we have always witnessed throughout human history.
[00:21:18] Now, in a way, we find these new and frightening.
[00:21:22] It seems to me that the news you were just reading about Ukraine,
[00:21:26] well, if you study the history of wars and political
[00:21:29] tensions, at every point in time,
[00:21:33] in a way, during the Second World War,
[00:21:36] news that was dropped from airplanes in paper form,
[00:21:40] or changing road signs to confuse the enemy.
[00:21:44] And now, these cyber actions, in my opinion,
[00:21:48] are actually a wake-up call
[00:21:50] that puts this integrated coordination structure
[00:21:53] in Europe at the top of the agenda,
[00:21:57] and it will receive more attention. In the past months and weeks,
[00:22:01] an article that I myself published in one of the magazines I work with
[00:22:05] was about a warning to this sorcerer's apprentice,
[00:22:08] a sorcerer's apprentice that we designed as
[00:22:12] AI or that integrated cyber structure, and there are still
[00:22:15] some bugs in it, and these bugs create
[00:22:20] a kind of fragility. These actions, in a way,
[00:22:24] can eliminate these bugs from now on
[00:22:27] and we can deal with them in a more integrated
[00:22:35] referred to the loopholes that exist. We know
[00:22:38] that Europe
[00:22:40] is in tension with Russia over the Ukraine issue.
[00:22:44] Now, the issue of Iran is also raised, and then some other countries,
[00:22:48] too.
[00:23:21] These two categories of news aside, what we are actually witnessing
[00:23:25] is not that tangible. Even in Belgium, where I live,
[00:23:28] or those I am in contact with in France and Luxembourg,
[00:23:32] they were not that shocked by this news,
[00:23:35] or they didn't even know about it. In any case, it's not the first time.
[00:23:39] During this war in Ukraine and Russia, we are seeing
[00:23:43] the issue of even fuel, the issue of gas that was fueled
[00:23:46] last year, the issue of monitoring gas reserves
[00:23:50] for the winter period. None of these could create instability,
[00:23:54] as this passive defense system of all these member countries,
[00:23:57] although they exchange information with each other in an integrated
[00:24:01] way, they also exchange necessities,
[00:24:04] so to speak, when needed, as we saw with fuel and gas
[00:24:08] and diesel and so on and so forth. But these are also decentralized
[00:24:12] and at the same time they are also decentralized.
[00:24:16] In fact, there is a double emphasis that on the one hand, this harmonization,
[00:24:20] the coordination that is on Europe's agenda, on the one hand, and on the other
[00:24:23] hand, decentralizing these structures for times when,
[00:24:27] like today, it becomes necessary. At any rate, it is more
[00:24:30] psychological warfare, and this issue is very
[00:24:33] easily solved. Even Carrefour had 15 supermarkets
[00:24:36] attacked in Belgium. Now, hundreds of its supermarkets
[00:24:40] in France, with a very small change
[00:24:43] in the programming structure, they can very
[00:24:46] easily define a threshold for the maximum temperature,
[00:24:50] and this issue will be solved. It is not a complex issue,
[00:24:54] or the issue of food security that we witnessed, or
[00:24:58] the issue that even during the Corona period, outside
[00:25:01] of this category of war and Russia and North Korea
[00:25:05] and Iran, even during the Corona period, we witnessed
[00:25:08] that the production chain, the transportation
[00:25:11] chain of food and daily
[00:25:15] necessities, experienced a new resilience,
[00:25:19] which, based on this resilience that is defined in the legislation
[00:25:22] and that harmonization, well, many things are not legislation,
[00:25:26] but harmonizations that are at the European level are being taken into consideration.
[00:25:30] Mohsen Reza Karimi, EU affairs analyst. Thank you very much.
[00:25:33] Unfortunately, our time is up.
[00:27:32] It tracks the flight and burns their wings with a laser.
[00:27:36] This device is almost the size of a brick and uses
[00:27:40] the technology used in self-driving cars to find mosquitoes.
[00:27:44] Artificial intelligence also detects when it is safe
[00:27:47] to fire the laser. According to the company's CEO,
[00:27:51] these mosquitoes can no longer fly and bother
[00:27:54] people. Thank you for
[00:27:58] being with us.
[00:28:01] until the time of the individual,