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[00:00:00] A live look at the most important news and events in Iran and
[00:00:04] the world.
[00:00:12] Stay with us for the latest developments in the
[00:00:14] World Cup.
[00:00:18] With us, along with
[00:00:21] you.
[00:00:26] This is London, BBC Radio. 8 PM Tehran time.
[00:00:30] News headlines: Democratic leaders say ending the Iran
[00:00:34] war is one of their priorities after their victory in the US
[00:00:37] midterm congressional elections. Continued reactions in
[00:00:40] Iran to the defeat of Trump's allies in the congressional
[00:00:44] elections, from burning the US president's poster
[00:00:47] to advising his deputy to prevent another attack.
[00:00:51] We ask an expert: What impact will the defeat of the Republicans
[00:00:55] in the midterm elections, especially when the Iran war is
[00:00:58] one of the factors of dissatisfaction,
[00:01:01] have on Trump's decision? And the issuance of a death
[00:01:05] sentence for a social media activist. Concern
[00:01:08] over the increase in executions in Iran. We ask why activity on
[00:01:12] social networks has led to the issuance of a death sentence,
[00:01:15] and how far will the high number of executions go? All of this
[00:01:18] in the BBC
[00:01:20] community.
[00:01:24] Hello, you are listening to BBC Radio. I am Farin Asemi, and this is
[00:01:28] the World Cup program on Thursday, November 14,
[00:01:31] 2026. The producer of this program is
[00:01:35] Mina Jooshaghani. We will be with you for the next half
[00:01:38] hour. After the Democrats' victory in the US congressional elections,
[00:01:42] the leaders of this party say that ending the Iran war will be one
[00:01:46] of the main priorities of the next House of Representatives
[00:01:49] and Senate. Chuck Schumer and Hakeem Jeffries
[00:01:53] promised that Congress would no longer be completely subservient
[00:01:56] to the Trump administration. Yesterday, JD Vance, the US Vice
[00:02:00] President, said that the reason for the Republicans' defeat in
[00:02:03] the midterm elections is the Iran war. Mahnoush Pourziayi, our
[00:02:06] correspondent from Washington, has joined us. Mahnoush, the Democrats
[00:02:10] have said that their priority is to address the people's demands
[00:02:14] regarding high prices and ending the Iran war. Please
[00:02:17] explain more about this and how likely they are to succeed in this
[00:02:21] in reality.
[00:02:24] One of the few points of agreement that you
[00:02:28] see in Washington, apparently now after these elections
[00:02:31] and their results, is that the Iran
[00:02:35] war and its economic consequences have caused the defeat of
[00:02:38] the Republicans. Both the Republicans themselves
[00:02:42] and the people who actually participated in the polls
[00:02:45] at the ballot boxes show this and
[00:02:48] say so. Therefore, if the Democrats
[00:02:52] want to act on the promises they made to the people,
[00:02:56] they must implement these plans. How much
[00:03:00] power they have in the two months ahead
[00:03:03] before the new Congress takes office, and after
[00:03:07] that, Mr. Trump will still remain
[00:03:10] in the White House with the same
[00:03:13] advisors. Mr. Trump's character has not changed
[00:03:16] overnight. We have seen in the last 10 years
[00:03:20] that it has not changed, although it has always remained
[00:03:23] unpredictable. And the issue of war is that, unfortunately,
[00:03:27] a situation has started that has no off button.
[00:03:31] What the Democrats can do is limit
[00:03:34] the war budget, meaning
[00:03:37] by opposing or resisting the
[00:03:41] approval of new appropriations, for example, in this short
[00:03:45] period they have until the new Congress, they can
[00:03:48] take action until the next
[00:03:51] Congress starts its work. And then
[00:03:54] they can, for example, if they form
[00:03:57] a coalition with Republicans,
[00:04:00] they will have the necessary majority to, despite
[00:04:04] Mr. Trump's opposition, for example, make new
[00:04:07] legislation and laws they pass possible to
[00:04:11] expand the war or to stop the war.
[00:04:14] Even now, it's a situation where
[00:04:18] everyone is looking for a scapegoat in the US. One of
[00:04:22] the people Mr. Trump is said to be displeased with
[00:04:25] is the Secretary of Defense. If the Secretary
[00:04:29] of Defense changes, can it affect the situation
[00:04:32] of the war with Iran?
[00:04:34] It depends on who you ask. The culprit
[00:04:38] is different. What we've heard from Mr. Trump
[00:04:42] until this morning is that he's happy with Secretary
[00:04:45] of Defense Pete Hegseth and has no intention of replacing
[00:04:49] him. The talks that domestic sources have had with
[00:04:53] some media outlets are that despite the fact
[00:04:56] that Pete Hegseth is not very popular
[00:04:58] in Congress, his performance is under question. He hasn't
[00:05:02] been very transparent, and his interactions with
[00:05:06] representatives and senators have been
[00:05:08] such that they don't have a very good opinion of him. But
[00:05:13] if Mr. Trump wants to continue supporting
[00:05:16] him, he can naturally prevent
[00:05:20] Mr. Hegseth's impeachment. For example,
[00:05:23] the Washington Post is talking about the possibility
[00:05:27] that Admiral Cooper, who
[00:05:31] is currently the war director in the region, or
[00:05:34] General Keane, who is in charge of the Joint
[00:05:38] Chiefs of Staff, might be the ones who actually
[00:05:41] become the victims of this defeat
[00:05:44] and fall under Mr. Trump's blade.
[00:05:47] Pete
[00:05:50] who until now has actually been a yes-man to Mr. Trump,
[00:05:53] and Mr. Trump has been relying heavily
[00:05:57] on him. On the other hand, when the Democrats
[00:06:01] take control in January, the Speaker of the House of Representatives
[00:06:05] will also go to a member of this party, and they have
[00:06:08] promised to confront the Trump cartel, according to their own
[00:06:14] words. How much can they stand
[00:06:16] against Mr. Trump's decisions?
[00:06:19] It completely depends on what
[00:06:22] issue they choose to work on. In fact,
[00:06:26] the Democrats must be able to strike a balance
[00:06:29] between addressing the people's demands
[00:06:32] and, for example, the issue of war and high prices,
[00:06:36] and at the same time, holding the Trump
[00:06:38] administration accountable.
[00:06:40] And in this situation, this balance
[00:06:44] may be able to help them, for example, to add
[00:06:48] some Republicans to their side,
[00:06:51] to form a coalition that can have
[00:06:55] the necessary majority to overcome Mr. Trump's
[00:06:58] veto power and take action.
[00:07:01] At the same time, if they want to sharpen
[00:07:05] their knives and go for impeaching the president,
[00:07:08] they may not have
[00:07:12] that wall. They may not get the necessary support
[00:07:16] from Republicans, and they may also get so
[00:07:19] caught up in political disputes that they lose the main message
[00:07:23] they gave to the people and get into trouble
[00:07:27] again for the 2028 presidential election. Thank
[00:07:30] you very much, Mahnoush Poosyayi, our correspondent in
[00:07:34] Washington. But, as we said
[00:07:36] earlier, following the Democrats' victory
[00:07:40] in the US congressional midterm elections, the leaders of this
[00:07:44] party say that ending the Iran war will be one of the priorities
[00:07:48] of the House of Representatives and Senate. But in Iran,
[00:07:51] there is still talk of preparing for the possibility
[00:07:54] of another attack from the US. Farnoush Amirshahi is here in
[00:07:58] the studio with us. Farnoush, tell us a little more about the
[00:08:01] reactions inside Iran. Well, the US elections have been important
[00:08:05] for Iran, and not only yesterday and today, but in
[00:08:08] recent weeks, they had also addressed this issue because
[00:08:11] the shadow of the war between the US
[00:08:15] and Iran weighed heavily on these elections, and the outcome
[00:08:19] of these elections was important to them. It can be said that
[00:08:22] the reactions had almost three axes. On the one
[00:08:26] hand, they were saying that Trump's defeat was a victory
[00:08:29] for the discourse of the Islamic Republic. This was the narrative
[00:08:33] seen in media close to the government, as well
[00:08:36] as in the reactions of some officials.
[00:08:39] Its outward manifestation was in the nightly gatherings
[00:08:43] that happened yesterday, coinciding with November 4,
[00:08:46] the anniversary of the hostage-taking at
[00:08:49] the US embassy in Iran in 1978, which was
[00:08:52] a continuous story, and they had used this
[00:08:56] coincidence yesterday and said
[00:09:00] that this has happened again, that what is happening
[00:09:04] in Iran and the whole issue of Iran
[00:09:06] has caused the domestic politics of the US
[00:09:10] to fail. They had put up large banners in
[00:09:14] the squares with pictures of Donald Trump,
[00:09:17] Benjamin Netanyahu, JD Vance, and they burned
[00:09:20] them during a ceremony in Tajrish Square.
[00:09:23] There is also a billboard installed there
[00:09:27] with a symbolic prison,
[00:09:29] where an actor playing Trump has been shown
[00:09:33] for some time, and what happened last night
[00:09:36] was that on Iranian state television,
[00:09:40] they showed the scene of Donald Trump being executed.
[00:09:43] This has received a lot of criticism, that a scene of execution
[00:09:46] on television at a time when children are also
[00:09:50] watching television is not an ethical
[00:09:53] and appropriate behavior. Beyond this, another
[00:09:56] section hopes that with this defeat,
[00:10:00] perhaps there will be a change in Donald Trump's policies.
[00:10:04] This could be seen in the editorials of some newspapers
[00:10:07] and in the comments of some political activists,
[00:10:11] who talk about how now with the rise of the Democrats,
[00:10:14] there is a possibility that they will prevent
[00:10:18] Donald Trump's warlike policies from continuing.
[00:10:22] However, there is also concern
[00:10:25] about Donald Trump's military reaction to
[00:10:29] this issue, especially since a message attributed
[00:10:32] to Mojtaba Khamenei was published yesterday, stating
[00:10:36] that any party that comes to power
[00:10:40] in the US does not mean that
[00:10:43] this government and this country will change its approach,
[00:10:46] and Iran's policy will not change towards it.
[00:10:50] Well, this has created the speculation that Iran probably does
[00:10:53] not want to change its policy, and as a result,
[00:10:57] this can also be an axis. Let me also
[00:11:01] say that Mohammad Baqer Qalibaf has responded to JD Vance
[00:11:04] in a detailed tweet, saying, among other things, that the
[00:11:08] war with Iran has affected the Republicans' defeat. Qalibaf,
[00:11:12] addressing him, said, "Tell these words you said here to your boss,
[00:11:15] meaning Donald Trump, because he is preparing for the
[00:11:18] next phase of the war." Farnoush, if
[00:11:22] you could briefly tell us about the diplomatic efforts,
[00:11:25] for example, Mohsen Rezaee's trip to Moscow and meeting
[00:11:29] minute. This trip was not announced in advance. It was
[00:11:32] two or three days after the two sides spoke
[00:11:36] on the phone. Now, Iranian media say that Mohsen
[00:11:39] Rezaee, the Secretary of the Supreme National Security Council, has
[00:11:42] gone to Moscow to deliver a message attributed to Mojtaba
[00:11:46] Khamenei, the leader of the Islamic Republic. It is not clear
[00:11:50] what this message is about, but Vladimir Putin has
[00:11:54] been more active lately in mediating
[00:11:57] between the US and Iran. At the same time,
[00:12:00] Abbas Araghchi also had calls today with the foreign ministers
[00:12:04] of the Mecca Pact: Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, and Turkey,
[00:12:07] as well as separate telephone conversations with the foreign
[00:12:11] ministers of Qatar and Oman, two parties actively mediating.
[00:12:14] All of this indicates that
[00:12:18] diplomatic efforts are still underway
[00:12:21] to prevent another round
[00:12:25] of war between the two countries. Thank you very
[00:12:28] much to Farnoush Amirshahi, here in the studio with us.
[00:12:31] But what will be the effect of the
[00:12:34] midterm election results on the Iran war? For more analysis,
[00:12:38] Omid Memarian, a political analyst from the Dann Institute
[00:12:41] in Detroit, USA, is with us. Mr. Memarian, what
[00:12:45] impact can the defeat of the Republicans in the midterm elections,
[00:12:48] especially when the Iran war is cited as one of the factors of voter
[00:12:52] dissatisfaction, have on Trump's decision? What decision
[00:12:55] will he make? Is it a military
[00:12:56] option or
[00:13:00] an agreement? First, regarding the impact
[00:13:04] of the Iran war on the US elections, I would like to point
[00:13:07] out that usually, foreign policy
[00:13:11] issues in the US do not attract the attention
[00:13:14] of voters, but if a foreign policy issue has a direct
[00:13:17] impact on their lives, then this changes the
[00:13:21] situation. A combination of factors, including the Iran
[00:13:25] war, have led to gasoline, diesel,
[00:13:28] services, and transportation prices,
[00:13:32] among other things, going up, and people fully feeling it.
[00:13:35] Among them is the Iran war, the tariffs Mr. Trump
[00:13:39] imposed, and various policies he implemented.
[00:13:42] Now, the Democrats have an agenda in the US
[00:13:46] Congress when they come to power, which is to pressure
[00:13:49] for the war to end. Despite the fact that
[00:13:52] the US Congress
[00:13:55] has a significant role in providing financial
[00:13:59] resources and funding for the war, it can put
[00:14:02] pressure on Mr. Trump's administration officials,
[00:14:06] summon them to the House of Representatives and the Senate
[00:14:09] to testify about their decisions, and in short,
[00:14:13] create a lot of pressure. But Mr. Trump still
[00:14:16] has a lot of freedom in foreign policy and can make many
[00:14:20] decisions and use his power
[00:14:24] from various sectors to launch a military
[00:14:28] attack and end the war as he wishes. The prolonged
[00:14:31] war will be very toxic for Mr. Trump and for
[00:14:35] the Republicans because as long as the war
[00:14:37] if prices continue to rise
[00:14:41] or remain high, the Democrats will blame it on the
[00:14:45] war and say that it is due to the war and its
[00:14:49] continuation. Therefore, Mr. Trump is forced to end the war
[00:14:52] sooner. But whether he wants to end it sooner through
[00:14:56] negotiations or a new military attack
[00:14:59] is a matter of debate and concern. And now,
[00:15:03] although the possibility may have decreased, the concern
[00:15:06] about the war still exists, given that the lobbies
[00:15:10] and those who were in favor of war are still present
[00:15:14] and influencing Mr. Trump's decisions. On the other hand,
[00:15:18] we have Tehran. The Iranian government may
[00:15:21] consider Trump's defeat a sign of his weakness
[00:15:34] and the tough stances of Islamic Republic officials.
[00:16:07] This means that if the officials of the Islamic Republic
[00:16:11] present a proposal, a creative plan, that is actually
[00:16:15] noteworthy and
[00:16:19] revives the hope that serious negotiations can be established,
[00:16:22] at least in a limited framework initially, and then
[00:16:26] move towards a more comprehensive framework, then, of course,
[00:16:30] they greatly reduce the chance of a military attack,
[00:16:33] because more forces exist that support negotiations.
[00:16:37] But if they are to, as before, like during the JCPOA and
[00:16:41] before that, always see the US as a single entity
[00:16:45] and these changes are not meaningful to them, and they always
[00:16:48] have a hostile and enemy view,
[00:16:52] and they don't see how they can use the opportunities
[00:16:56] that arise to solve the country's problems, then we may
[00:17:00] go towards options that Mr. Trump is willing to do,
[00:17:03] and powerful lobbies that exist in the US, including
[00:17:06] the Israeli lobby, will impose that on Mr. Trump.
[00:17:10] Now that Democrats have gained control of both houses of
[00:17:14] Congress, how much power do they actually have to prevent
[00:17:17] a new Trump attack on Iran? Is there a law
[00:17:20] that can help them? Honestly, there is no
[00:17:24] law to prevent Mr. Trump from attacking Iran. Mr. Trump
[00:17:28] has a lot of freedom and can use his power
[00:17:32] in various ways for a military attack on Iran. If they
[00:17:35] feel there is a danger or say there was a threat
[00:17:39] and in short, they want to attack under some
[00:17:43] pretext, Congress cannot stop them. Over the past
[00:17:46] decades, we have seen Obama, George
[00:17:48] Bush, and Mr. Trump himself use this issue,
[00:17:52] use this capacity. In foreign policy, there
[00:17:56] is a lot of pressure. From the public opinion's
[00:18:00] perspective, the cost will be higher, but Mr. Trump
[00:18:03] is not someone who will be worried about his record
[00:18:07] in the next two years. His public opinion rating
[00:18:11] cannot get worse than it is now. His situation in
[00:18:14] public opinion is very low and bad. His popularity
[00:18:18] is very low. But he is not a conventional president
[00:18:21] who makes decisions in the same way as previous
[00:18:24] presidents, using the same computational system and making
[00:18:27] reasonable decisions. Therefore, any possibility exists from
[00:18:31] his point of view. Thank you very much to Omid Memarian,
[00:18:35] political analyst from the Dann Institute in Detroit, who
[00:18:39] joined us. In the latest development in the case of
[00:18:42] the three victims of Savak torture against him,
[00:18:46] the Florida State Court in a new ruling
[00:18:49] agreed to continue the legal proceedings, stating
[00:18:52] that the plaintiffs' fear of retaliation and
[00:18:55] Sabeti's life were the reasons for years of
[00:18:59] delay in filing the complaint. We asked Raha Bahreini,
[00:19:02] a lawyer and researcher at Amnesty International
[00:19:06] in London about the significance
[00:19:08] of the court's ruling. In these days when news
[00:19:12] of executions and torture surrounds us, this ruling
[00:19:16] is very important, not only for addressing the torture
[00:19:20] that has remained without judicial review and accountability
[00:19:24] for decades, but also as a hopeful message
[00:19:27] to the victims of torture during the Islamic Republic
[00:19:31] who want to file a complaint. If individuals accused
[00:19:35] of torture are identified in the US,
[00:19:38] even after years or months of the incident, the court
[00:19:41] explicitly stated that the issue of passage of time
[00:19:45] cannot be raised at all, because repressive
[00:19:49] and human rights violating regimes
[00:19:52] have always been in power in Iran,
[00:19:55] and there have been no courts that could
[00:19:58] even hear the plaintiffs' complaints. It has been
[00:20:02] a continuous chain of repression. This means not only torture
[00:20:06] during the Pahlavi
[00:20:12] regime, but also crimes that are becoming more
[00:20:15] severe during the Islamic Republic. It says that
[00:20:19] given this situation, as long as such repressive
[00:20:22] regimes rule in Iran, foreign courts can hear
[00:20:26] the plaintiffs' complaints without delay. This point
[00:20:30] is important because according to the Torture
[00:20:33] Victims Protection Act in the US, such a
[00:20:36] complaint usually must be filed within a 10-year
[00:20:39] period from the date of the incident. But
[00:20:42] in extraordinary circumstances, this time limit can be
[00:20:46] extended, and the court here has explicitly
[00:20:50] stated that this delay was justified due to
[00:20:52] the repressive situation, as well as Mr.
[00:20:56] Sabeti's concealment, according to the court.
[00:20:59] That was Raha Bahreini, a lawyer and researcher
[00:21:02] at Amnesty International in London. Reza Shafakhah,
[00:21:05] the lawyer for Amir Hossein Mousavi, a social media
[00:21:09] activist known by the username "James Biden," has
[00:21:12] announced that his client has been sentenced to death.
[00:21:15] Mr. Shafakhah says that his client has been sentenced
[00:21:18] to death on charges of "corruption on earth"
[00:21:22] through activity on the Twitter account "James Biden." In
[00:21:26] recent months, the ruling has been issued while in
[00:21:29] recent months, after the December protests and the US-Israel
[00:21:33] war against Iran, the Iranian government has executed many
[00:21:36] people. The Iran Human Rights Organization says that the Islamic
[00:21:40] Republic has executed 691 people since the beginning
[00:21:44] of the current calendar year. Hossein Raeisi, a lawyer
[00:21:47] and professor at Carleton University from Toronto,
[00:21:51] Canada, is with us. Mr. Raeisi, welcome to the program. Amir
[00:21:54] Hossein Mousavi has been sentenced to death for activity
[00:21:58] on social media and on charges of "corruption
[00:22:02] on earth." Is it legally possible for activity
[00:22:05] on a Twitter account to lead to such a
[00:22:08] ruling? First, I would like to
[00:22:12] greet you and all your viewers and listeners.
[00:22:15] And I must say that it should be
[00:22:18] very unlikely for such a thing to happen. Unfortunately,
[00:22:22] Mr. Mousavi's lawyer has not
[00:22:25] released more details regarding
[00:22:28] how the charge of "corruption on earth" was
[00:22:32] attributed to Mr. Mousavi. But usually, Article
[00:22:35] 286 of the Islamic Penal Code is used,
[00:22:39] which states that anyone who has extensive activity
[00:22:43] in organized crime or publishes such content.
[00:22:45] How the court can reach
[00:22:49] this issue is very, very difficult,
[00:22:53] that it is merely through
[00:22:56] activity on a Twitter account or a virtual
[00:22:59] activity. And when we consider the entirety
[00:23:03] of what we know about this case so far,
[00:23:06] such as forced televised confessions,
[00:23:09] and such as Mr. Mousavi being
[00:23:12] held in solitary confinement for very
[00:23:16] long periods, and it is natural that he was
[00:23:20] tortured. Solitary confinement is considered torture
[00:23:23] according to the laws of the Islamic Republic itself.
[00:23:26] And when access to the case
[00:23:30] and information regarding the case is not made public,
[00:23:33] when Mr. Salavati, for example, is the
[00:23:36] judge of the case, with a history of infamy
[00:23:40] for issuing many unjustified
[00:23:43] death sentences, which this
[00:23:46] person actually has on his record.
[00:24:04] After the December events, after the two wars we
[00:24:08] went through last year, unfortunately, the Islamic
[00:24:11] Republic easily sends young
[00:24:14] people to the firing squad without
[00:24:17] having valid reasons.
[00:24:21] For political accusations, it very easily
[00:24:25] issues such sentences without having to
[00:24:28] explain to public opinion, without having to
[00:24:32] clarify the reasons for the case or hold a public
[00:24:35] hearing so that society is aware of it.
[00:24:38] You mentioned that after the December
[00:24:41] protests and the war, a large number of people
[00:24:45] were executed. According to the Iran Human Rights
[00:24:48] Organization, since the beginning
[00:24:51] of the current calendar year, people have been executed
[00:24:54] in Iran. Despite international protests, we are still
[00:24:58] witnessing the issuance and execution of death
[00:25:01] sentences. Do you think that these international
[00:25:05] reactions and protests have not been sufficient,
[00:25:08] or that the Islamic Republic simply ignores
[00:25:11] them and seeks to create fear and terror?
[00:25:15] We can consider both. What we are facing
[00:25:19] in the realm of international human rights today
[00:25:22] is that it is severely weakened
[00:25:26] because even major powers that
[00:25:29] in the past, or in any case, whose countries
[00:25:33] claimed to uphold human
[00:25:36] بشر و رعایت حقوق بین الملل داشتن یا خودشون در
[00:25:40] rights and international human rights, or were
[00:25:43] leaders in this field, have presented a double
[00:25:47] standard. The issue of using the human
[00:25:50] rights system is a flawed system for any place
[00:25:54] where powers want to use it. Although the human
[00:25:57] rights system is exactly a system that can save
[00:26:00] the world if it is
[00:26:03] implemented correctly. However, we do not have
[00:26:07] a powerful function from the United
[00:26:09] Nations today that can
[00:26:12] prevent behaviors that are not
[00:26:15] transparent and, in fact, at
[00:26:19] least politically question
[00:26:23] the structure that undertakes
[00:26:25] to expand the death penalty.
[00:26:29] And also, from a political
[00:26:36] and diplomatic perspective, we do not see countries
[00:26:40] being able to do anything other than expressing concern
[00:26:44] about the increase in executions in the current situation
[00:26:53] situation, when the Islamic Republic sees that
[00:26:56] it is under international pressure
[00:26:59] and under attack, and also internally.
[00:27:24] The Islamic Republic has made it vulnerable against
[00:27:28] Israel. What is the source of this level of
[00:27:31] Israeli intelligence penetration into the Islamic
[00:27:34] Republic's structure? And why has
[00:27:38] Israel so far not been able to achieve
[00:27:41] its desired result by using this intelligence
[00:27:45] and security capital? Weakening a political
[00:27:48] system is different from your ability to change
[00:30:24] To what extent will the next US Congress delegation, which is due to take office in less than two months,
[00:30:28] affect the White House's policy towards
[00:30:32] Iran? And before they arrive, will we
[00:30:35] witness another war or a new agreement?
[00:30:39] This is Dariush Rajabian with the third page of the special US election live from London.