BELARUSTV — broadcast 20260920 105500 UTC 503 transcript segments Google Cloud Speech-to-Text API (Chirp) + Gemini 2.5 Flash Non-Thinking Data courtesy of The GDELT Project (https://www.gdeltproject.org/), from the Internet Archive TV News Archive. Machine transcription. Treat it as a searchable index of what was broadcast, not a verbatim quotation record. [00:00:00] settlements constantly new ones, [00:00:04] we introduce into our selection procedure [00:00:07] and eventually we surveyed [00:00:11] a very large number of people during [00:00:14] these surveys, so the opinions of not all, [00:00:18] certainly, but many Belarusians are taken into account, and [00:00:21] thus, yes, given that certain people belong [00:00:25] to certain societies, including [00:00:28] united ones. [00:00:53] feel themselves, identify themselves as citizens of a sovereign, independent, free, democratic country, feel themselves primarily as citizens of Belarus, and you [00:00:56] noted that this is characteristic of all generations. That is, in principle, [00:01:00] these figures were very, very [00:01:03] high everywhere. What does this mean? What could be behind these figures? Is it the results [00:01:07] of the state's work, is it a natural feeling of every citizen, or [00:01:11] is it due to external pressure? We touched on part of this topic, [00:01:15] but what can these figures tell us? Well, if we talk [00:01:18] specifically about the overwhelming majority of the country's [00:01:21] residents identifying themselves as [00:01:24] citizens of Belarus and calling themselves citizens of Belarus, this [00:01:28] reflects... absolutely everything, including [00:01:31] the attitude towards their small homeland, the attitude towards [00:01:35] our country as a whole here, and the attitude towards the state here, [00:01:38] an understanding that living on [00:01:41] the territory of our country at the present time, [00:01:44] working, engaging in a wide [00:01:47] range of other issues - this [00:01:50] is primarily the opportunity to live, create in peacetime, [00:01:53] the opportunity to engage in creative work, [00:01:57] the opportunity to feel safe, that's... these [00:02:00] are all attributes of our modern [00:02:02] statehood, although for all that, this does not [00:02:05] exclude the fact that Belarusians are very reverent and respectful [00:02:09] of what we call the small homeland. [00:02:12] Belarusians identify themselves, of course, with that [00:02:16] or another nation, of which they [00:02:19] are a part, with that or another confession, these [00:02:22] are all signs, characteristics of our [00:02:26] identity, but the events of recent years. [00:03:00] identity, civic, state identity, [00:03:03] although each of these categories implies its own more [00:03:07] narrow content, nevertheless, [00:03:10] national state identity [00:03:14] in the minds of Belarusians today [00:03:16] is clearly leading, the overwhelming majority [00:03:20] of Belarusians trust our president, [00:03:23] 87.6%. [00:03:26] What is the leader's role in unifying society, what else? How else did [00:03:30] respondents answer this question? I understand it was posed more broadly, [00:03:34] how do they feel today, [00:03:36] in general, their belonging, [00:03:38] including to this common trust in our [00:03:41] Head of State? Belarusians expressed [00:03:45] a very high level of trust in the Head of State, such assessments [00:03:48] are absolutely justified, the Head of State [00:03:52] is doing tremendous work to [00:03:55] ensure the security of the Belarusian state. The topic [00:03:58] of our security is repeatedly emphasized, [00:04:02] absolutely justly, and [00:04:06] is a source of our common pride. The Head [00:04:09] of State is doing a very serious, very [00:04:13] large-scale, very systematic work to [00:04:16] ensure a comfortable life for all citizens of our [00:04:19] country. This work includes a wide range [00:04:23] of areas, and the assessments that [00:04:27] our respondents expressed, this is... [00:05:00] the work done by the head of state, [00:05:03] and by other government bodies, [00:05:07] and a very important [00:05:10] role in this work, and the president emphasizes: [00:06:12] it is very important for absolutely all participants [00:06:16] of our process, the socio-political [00:06:18] process, subjects of civil society, [00:06:22] we need to understand that the efforts of the Belarusian [00:06:26] state are reflected [00:06:29] in the minds of people. Well, in developing [00:06:32] the topic, in the course of the research, the so-called [00:06:36] formula for political success of Belarus was also formulated, [00:06:39] this is peace... [00:07:42] we raise in the process of solving our [00:07:46] internal issues, nevertheless, at the core of everything [00:07:50] really lies production, at the core of everything [00:07:53] is people, at the core of everything lies an understanding of responsibility [00:07:57] for what is happening, and of course it is very [00:08:00] important in this extremely difficult time, [00:08:04] although we note that times are not always difficult, and nevertheless, [00:08:07] it is very important to have a clear [00:08:10] understanding of how we... [00:09:12] that in general, according to the results of the study, one can observe [00:09:16] such a trend that trust in all government institutions is increasing, as you said, including the Council of Ministers, [00:09:20] the legislative branch, the judiciary. [00:09:24] So, the All-Belarusian People's Assembly changed [00:09:27] its status during this period, over the last 5 years, and [00:09:30] we also see from the results of the study that [00:09:34] trust is growing, over 70, more than [00:09:38] 70% of respondents answered positively, that [00:09:41] they trust the All-Belarusian People's Assembly. In general, also, in your opinion, [00:09:45] considering that you are deeply immersed in the [00:09:48] aspirations of our entire [00:09:52] Belarusian society, why do we generally observe [00:09:55] this trend of trust today, and especially towards [00:09:59] the All-Belarusian People's Assembly? When we [00:10:01] talk about the social sentiments of Belarusians, about [00:10:05] how they evaluate [00:10:08] the effectiveness of our entire large state machine, [00:10:12] we must understand that the state [00:10:16] is simultaneously represented in our consciousness [00:10:19] by the activities of the Head of State and [00:10:22] by the activities and... [00:10:55] and high and, one might say, largely [00:10:58] similar, because [00:11:01] we do not make any particular fundamental [00:11:05] distinctions in evaluating the effectiveness [00:11:08] of various structures, and this is true, and [00:11:11] such structures themselves [00:11:14] do not give us any reason to doubt [00:11:18] how effectively they work, but as for the role [00:11:22] of the All-Belarusian... [00:12:29] and delegates, we appreciate the importance of the state's efforts to diversify this system of public administration. [00:12:33] It is obvious that the All-Belarusian People's [00:12:36] Assembly, taking into account [00:12:39] the role it now plays in the system of political [00:12:42] relations, will continue to demonstrate and [00:12:46] implement itself, and further [00:12:49] demonstrate the [00:12:53] very serious opportunities [00:12:56] that were embedded in the design [00:13:00] of this transformation [00:13:03] at certain previous [00:13:06] stages. An interesting research trend is a positive [00:13:10] attitude towards socially responsible entrepreneurship, and [00:13:13] a demand for support of private initiative, [00:13:16] farmers, how does this generally combine with [00:13:19] our social state? This [00:13:22] really provides that very opportunity for absolutely anyone, everyone, to [00:13:26] express themselves, to create these conditions, so that you can absolutely [00:13:30] express yourself in any capacity as a professional, [00:13:33] what are the results of the research regarding [00:13:36] entrepreneurship and support for entrepreneurship? Well, here we need to [00:13:39] say that the existing legal framework [00:13:43] in our country, the existing conditions [00:13:45] for doing business, they offer [00:13:49] the population various forms [00:13:51] to show their activity, their independence... to unlock [00:13:55] their potential, there are indeed [00:13:59] many such opportunities, we have no obstacles [00:14:02] that would force [00:14:05] a person to choose either this or [00:14:09] that sphere of their activity, the sphere of [00:14:12] entrepreneurship is developing so [00:14:15] that, well, perhaps more [00:14:18] objectively to assess the state of affairs in this area, we need [00:14:22] to take into account, in my opinion, [00:14:55] continues to work effectively, but for all [00:14:58] that, the mechanism that existed was not [00:15:02] oriented towards freedom of entrepreneurship, towards [00:15:05] the free development of the market, towards freedom of creativity in this [00:15:09] sphere, certain changes [00:15:11] occurred, in fact, only in the eighties, [00:15:15] during this period of time, to develop [00:15:19] the entrepreneurship market in the broadest sense of the [00:15:22] word, is probably objectively impossible. This [00:15:26] is the sphere of our economic activity that [00:15:28] is, well, in a state of formation, in a state of [00:15:32] development, the legislative [00:15:35] framework is being updated. The conditions [00:15:38] of economic activity [00:15:39] are changing in a certain way, [00:15:42] people understand, accept, [00:15:45] that this sphere can be a sphere of their [00:15:49] self-realization, but this [00:15:52] process of formation, it is going on naturally, [00:15:55] the state encourages citizens' initiatives and creates [00:15:59] the necessary conditions for this, [00:16:02] how ready we ourselves are to show our conditions, how ready we [00:16:06] ourselves are to take risks, how [00:16:10] ready we ourselves are to take [00:16:13] responsibility, this is the second, no less important [00:16:17] side of the coin, it is no secret that [00:16:20] paternalistic sentiments, the hope that [00:16:23] the state is called upon to provide us with everything necessary, they are very [00:16:26] strong for representatives of different [00:16:30] generations, yes, young people in this regard [00:16:33] are more mobile, more active, [00:16:36] well, if we evaluate the sphere [00:16:39] of entrepreneurship as a whole, it's not just young people, there are [00:16:43] representatives of very different age groups and [00:16:45] professions, and I believe [00:16:48] that this component of our [00:16:51] mechanism will continue to develop, [00:16:55] some rapid changes, the head of state [00:16:58] said yesterday, we need to think, we need to work quickly, but [00:17:02] at the same time not rush, so changes in this area [00:17:06] must also occur. [00:18:07] not so much a thick [00:18:10] wallet, maximum comfortable [00:18:13] housing, an expensive car, [00:18:16] other attributes with which we [00:18:19] associate prosperity, happiness, first of all it is [00:18:23] the state of a person, a human soul, [00:18:26] human consciousness, human behavior, it is [00:18:29] emotional experiences, emotional experiences, at [00:18:32] the core of which lies the feeling of the fullness of one's [00:18:36] being, the feeling... [00:19:07] but it does not stem only from material [00:19:11] well-being, although, of course, if we talk about [00:19:14] the components and conditions of life - this is also [00:19:18] an important, important component of happiness, this is [00:19:21] the presence of loved ones, beloved people [00:19:24] nearby, this is also a very important component of happiness, [00:19:27] happiness is a peaceful life, happiness is [00:19:31] a very complex, intricate construct, indeed our [00:19:34] research has shown and this is very... [00:20:37] make much greater efforts, but a person [00:20:41] works when he performs his [00:20:44] task, there is also the question of whether the tasks were correctly [00:20:47] formulated, and the goals set. a clear and [00:20:50] control system should be in place, and a motivation system, [00:20:53] but if we achieve certain [00:20:57] results that satisfy us, we [00:21:00] feel comfortable, therefore, [00:21:03] there are no fundamental differences in the level of happiness between [00:21:07] residents of large and small cities, between [00:21:10] residents of certain regions and [00:21:13] the capital, it might even be the other way around, where [00:21:17] living conditions are most comfortable. [00:22:36] of Sociology, both short-term plans for your [00:22:38] research, and long-term ones, maybe what you are thinking about, maybe [00:22:41] what you are dreaming about, yes, how do you plan [00:22:45] to develop science, sociology, in your opinion, [00:22:49] the institute as a whole? [00:22:52] what we think about, what we plan, what [00:22:55] we dream about. As for the plans [00:22:58] of the Institute of Sociology, in the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus [00:23:02] as a whole, priority areas are defined and [00:23:05] scientific research is being carried out, plans for our [00:23:08] work for the current five-year period, for the current year, for [00:23:12] subsequent years, are defined. A wide range of issues are in our attention, [00:23:15] which interests us, as scientists, as [00:23:18] researchers, which... [00:23:50] research by state administration bodies, [00:23:53] this is our media space, and [00:23:56] we work very actively, practically with almost all [00:23:59] our leading media, with the Ministry of Information, and [00:24:03] the field of research is wide, I [00:24:06] believe, I am just [00:24:09] confident that we have the potential [00:24:13] to successfully implement these tasks, [00:24:15] it is fundamentally important that we have [00:24:19] the opportunity and see interest from [00:24:22] journalists, from representatives of the real sector [00:24:25] of the economy in referring to [00:24:29] the results of our research, in order to use them [00:24:31] in various areas of their activity, well, ultimately all our [00:24:35] research work, all our implementation work [00:24:39] is aimed at ensuring that Belarusians [00:24:43] understand, and the state, the authorities understand, [00:24:46] that ... [00:25:20] are ready to participate in the discussion of these [00:25:53] so, the second part of your [00:25:56] social survey, the listener asks such a question, this [00:25:59] question caused a great public resonance. [00:26:33] We did not ask such questions, because we asked questions [00:26:37] to the residents of our country, we are primarily interested in [00:26:41] the opinion of those who walk on the same [00:26:44] streets as us, who live our life, who watch [00:28:03] who, with his policy, forms [00:28:06] such an environment, such conditions that allow [00:28:09] us to unleash our economic potential, without [00:28:13] using any super-resources for this. Our [00:28:16] resources are land, it is people, it is [00:28:20] our intellect, it is our readiness to work, and nevertheless, [00:28:24] by mobilizing these resources, we [00:28:27] achieve very serious results, and this [00:28:30] is primarily the most important achievement of the head of state, [00:28:34] trust in the All-Belarusian People's Assembly, did you have such [00:28:38] a question, yes, the BPC is a relatively [00:28:41] young state entity, [00:28:45] of course, if we don't take the historical aspect, that's [00:28:49] how your question was posed, and [00:28:52] it wasn't only, for example, the middle and older generation that answered, but also [00:28:55] young people, who was most interested in [00:28:59] state policy? It was [00:29:02] precisely with regard to the All-Belarusian People's [00:29:06] Assembly, did young people give interesting answers or, conversely, [00:29:10] older people? The question of trust in the All-Belarusian [00:29:13] People's Assembly, the question of trust in other [00:29:17] government bodies, it [00:29:20] was formulated precisely in this way: how much do you [00:29:24] trust? Here, when [00:29:26] constructing this question, we did not make any distinctions so [00:29:30] that all government bodies, [00:29:33] whose opinion [00:29:36] of the people we are interested in, were in absolutely the same [00:29:39] position, therefore, I will repeat once again that trust [00:29:43] in all institutions of state power is at a very high [00:29:47] level. As for the division of opinions of [00:29:50] younger and older respondents, here on [00:29:54] many positions, I will not now specifically [00:29:57] talk about how the opinions of people were distributed when answering [00:30:00] the question of trust. [00:30:32] relations are even more critical, more cautious, [00:30:36] this is a certain component of our mentality, as for both [00:30:39] the BPC and other government bodies, [00:30:42] there are no polar assessments, [00:30:45] differing ones, evidence that the younger [00:30:49] generation is involved in the processes [00:30:52] of state building, it does not [00:30:55] overlook what is happening at [00:30:58] the level of the highest state administration. [00:31:00] This also evokes a certain interest, perhaps not as great as among [00:31:04] representatives of older generations, but the trust of [00:31:07] young people is no less than that of representatives of older [00:31:11] generations. [00:31:57] representatives of civil society, it includes [00:32:00] journalists, I think, necessarily, [00:32:03] interested in this our young [00:32:06] citizens, all these issues are studied by [00:32:09] specialists, and lawyers, political scientists, and [00:32:22] perhaps, one can, of course, think about creating some [00:32:25] special structures, but in my opinion, first, there are already [00:32:29] enough of them, and second, our [00:32:32] mass media, our government bodies, they are [00:32:36] maximally open to hear the opinions of all and everyone, and [00:32:40] to explain, and to answer some questions, our... [00:32:42] какие-то вопросы, наши... [00:34:15] these, so to speak, actions, or does the referendum have [00:34:18] a wider, more large-scale audience? These [00:34:22] are different goals, a referendum is held to [00:34:26] provide an opportunity for absolutely [00:34:28] every resident of our country to express their [00:34:32] opinion on the most [00:34:35] important, most nationally [00:34:38] significant, socially significant issues, a referendum is [00:34:41] a procedure that is responsible, [00:34:45] and let's not forget, this procedure is also [00:34:48] very difficult, from an organizational point of view, from [00:34:51] a technical point of view, this procedure is expensive, but [00:34:55] when our lives are at stake, [00:34:58] and the issues are critically important, [00:35:01] the state, represented by its respective [00:35:04] representatives, structures, conducts a referendum. As for [00:35:08] public opinion questions, this is [00:35:10] a much more mobile way of obtaining information, which does not [00:35:14] imply. [00:36:35] Yes, we interact with state statistics bodies. At the beginning of our meeting, I noted that the basis for constructing our [00:36:39] sample is data from the National Statistical [00:36:42] Committee. We cooperate in the sense [00:36:46] that our field of activity is not [00:36:49] only directly conducting population surveys, [00:36:52] the results of our research we [00:36:55] present in the most diverse, in the most [00:36:59] diverse audiences in order to show, [00:37:02] illustrate, and sometimes problematize what [00:37:05] is happening to us, what is happening in society. And here, along with [00:37:09] the results of surveys, we refer to the results of those [00:37:12] studies that are conducted by our [00:37:15] statisticians, the National Statistical Committee, regional [00:37:18] divisions, and here we only need to take into [00:37:22] account the fact that for the National [00:37:25] Statistical Committee. [00:37:28] This kind of material for work is statistical data, [00:37:32] we operate with people's opinions, but when it is all [00:37:35] considered together, it allows, of course, to get a more [00:37:39] complete, more objective, a kind of stereoscopic [00:37:43] picture, and also, regarding [00:37:47] the Statistical Committee, they regularly conduct surveys [00:37:50] of households and obtain very, very interesting materials [00:37:54] regarding how the budget of [00:37:57] free time is distributed, how money [00:38:00] is distributed, coupled with the assessments [00:38:03] that people give, this is a very interesting [00:38:06] information resource. Which state structures [00:38:10] use the results of your social survey? The president, it's [00:38:13] clear, he follows it, well, the government, [00:38:16] departments, again, a question of this kind, where can [00:38:20] one get acquainted with the materials of your social survey, in [00:38:24] which publications will [00:38:37] bodies, various [00:38:40] ministries, local authorities, actively [00:38:43] turn to us with a request to either conduct [00:38:46] research on relevant topics. The second [00:38:50] point is, we provide the results of our [00:38:53] research to the administration [00:38:57] of the head of state, we [00:39:00] provide the Council of Ministers with the results of our [00:39:03] research, we work very closely on a constant systematic basis [00:39:07] to solve various research [00:39:10] tasks with the Ministry of Health, with the Ministry [00:39:14] of Education, the Ministry of Information is our traditional [00:39:17] partner, well, and this list can be continued for quite [00:39:21] a long time, the point is [00:39:24] that this feedback [00:39:27] works, it is needed, [00:39:31] it is used in [00:39:33] the practical activities of a wide range of structures, [00:39:37] so we work together, we interact together. As [00:39:41] for where you can get acquainted, I am very [00:39:44] grateful to absolutely all our publications and all [00:39:47] television channels and all print [00:39:51] publications that present the results of the conducted [00:39:54] research and do it very beautifully, very [00:40:05] television channels present the results of research, my [00:40:08] colleagues from the Institute of Sociology, our clients, [00:40:12] colleagues from the Belarusian Institute for Strategic [00:40:16] Studies, actively participate in the presentation of such results, [00:40:19] so newspapers, Belarusian central newspapers, [00:40:23] for, I think, regional newspapers, I haven't looked yet, I assume also... [00:41:08] about happiness, financial happiness was touched upon, [00:41:12] of course, when we [00:41:15] were interested the widest range of issues, [00:41:19] we were interested in how satisfied people were with their financial situation, [00:41:23] their work, how much they [00:41:25] liked this particular [00:41:28] component, yes, this is an important [00:41:32] resource of happiness, and their financial [00:41:35] situation, the overwhelming majority of surveyed citizens of our [00:41:38] country, assess very... positively, therefore, when you [00:41:42] have a family, [00:41:45] children, when you have the opportunity to work [00:41:48] and do what you like, when you [00:41:52] have the opportunity to [00:41:54] earn as much as you want, uh, [00:41:58] when you are ready to put in some [00:42:01] effort for this, when you don't absolutize [00:42:05] the idea of material well-being, [00:42:08] career growth, but... you have the opportunity [00:42:11] to approach it reasonably, [00:42:14] you should always set maximum goals for yourself, [00:42:17] but when evaluating everything that is happening, [00:42:21] you need to compare, you need to correlate, [00:42:25] you need to consider a lot of what is happening [00:42:29] inside and outside, not to rush on the one [00:42:32] hand with some critical conclusions, but to stop [00:42:36] for a bit, think, listen to what they will tell you... [00:44:10] such a sinusoid, [00:44:12] it does not have any pronounced, [00:44:16] so to speak, problematic character, yes, [00:44:19] it slightly affects our well-being the time [00:44:23] of year, of course, some other situational [00:44:26] circumstances, but this is what is, as I already [00:44:30] said, within the limits of statistical [00:44:33] error, therefore, when investigating, it is taken into account, yes, [00:44:36] therefore, we, as it were, trust our people [00:44:40] and understand that they, despite everything, answer various [00:44:43] questions, including such serious, fundamental questions, [00:44:47] they answer [00:45:15] program "Actual Microphone", hosts Dmitry Voronyuk, Elena [00:45:19] Shvayko, let me remind you that the guest of our program today was [00:45:22] Meslivets, Nikolay Leontsevich, Director of the Institute of Sociology [00:45:25] of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, all the best, see you [00:45:28] again, may everything be [00:45:30] well. [00:45:57] December 1926, the Culture cinema [00:46:00] opens on the site of the former choral synagogue, despite the frost, people [00:46:04] stand in line for hours to see the silent [00:46:07] forest legend, this is the premiere in one and a half... [00:47:52] Minsk, and which were the main [00:47:55] sports arenas of the country. And nearby, [00:47:59] the size of eight football fields, the All-Belarusian [00:48:02] Agricultural and Industrial Exhibition. [00:48:05] Scale of 75 hectares in the quarter of Academic Street, [00:48:08] Kalinin Square. For 2 [00:48:12] and a half months, this is the main review of the achievements of the national [00:48:16] economy of the BSSR in the first five-year plans, then 350,000 [00:48:20] people visited. [00:48:52] did not stop, when they built, they built only prisons for us, [00:48:56] Lukishki, Maladzechna, well, [00:48:59] and in full accordance with the Polish Nazis, [00:49:02] taking the Dachau as a basis, they built Bereza [00:49:06] Kartuska, this is what symbolizes Poland for us, [00:49:09] there is such a saying in Stawtsiansky and Nesvizhsky districts, I heard, [00:49:13] when I was a child, when they lived under the king, they drank tea [00:49:17] with pie, when the Poles came, they began to eat three kinds of bread, white, [00:49:21] black and none. [00:49:52] in 1933. At the laying of the house [00:49:56] by the Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Belarus, Nikolay Fyodorovich [00:49:59] Ikalo. On Troitskaya Hill, the foundation of the Opera and Ballet Theater [00:50:02] was laid. The great is seen from a distance and [00:50:06] today the Opera and Ballet Theater, a witness to a great era [00:50:09] and it was destined to acquire a new breath in [00:50:13] independent Belarus. We brought it back to life with the подачи [00:50:16] of the president, because in the early 2000s, the emergency [00:50:20] fire-hazardous, dilapidated [00:50:23] building of the Academic Theater really required [00:50:26] both reconstruction and [00:50:27] restoration. [00:50:30] Historians, builders, specialists of Minskroy, the Belniis Institute, [00:50:33] even the Metro construction and the Mozyr [00:50:36] Oil Refinery. 24 specialized organizations and [00:50:40] almost 600 people worked on the revival [00:50:44] of the great. Even from afar, the grandiose foundation pit [00:50:47] that was dug here was visible, mountains of earth [00:50:50] that were dug out in order to install new equipment and [00:50:54] generally implement the ideas that were proposed [00:50:57] by the designers. The approach itself is not narrowly corporate, when [00:51:01] dozens of organizations are involved [00:51:05] in terms of working with the building [00:51:08] project, with its internal filling, with organizations [00:51:12] that deal with all the internal part [00:51:14] of electronics, when such a number [00:51:17] of specialists is an absolute copy of what is happening in [00:51:21] our culture. In our [00:51:22] art.