BELARUSTV — broadcast
20261012 003500 UTC
444 transcript segments
Google Cloud Speech-to-Text API (Chirp) + Gemini 2.5 Flash Non-Thinking
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Machine transcription. Treat it as a searchable index of what was broadcast, not a verbatim quotation record.

[00:00:00] he's not here, it's very difficult to say who will
[00:00:03] control, we again return to the topic of
[00:00:07] transition from a unipolar to a multipolar world, here it is very
[00:00:10] important to understand, each state has national
[00:00:14] interests, including our country, and of course, these, as
[00:00:17] they say, for each country there are red lines that cannot be crossed,
[00:00:21] national interests must be observed, but at the same
[00:00:25] time, the readiness for dialogue indicates that
[00:00:28] today it is not...
[00:00:44] the речь about the United Nations, after all, this is a structure that should
[00:00:48] work to ensure that very global security, not excluding
[00:00:52] including the SCO. The SCO is not an alternative,
[00:00:55] the UN, it is what will contribute
[00:00:59] to the implementation of the common global task of maintaining
[00:01:03] peace and stability, including in the Eurasian space. Thank you for
[00:01:06] your answers. Thank you for the invitation. Ruslan Kosygin, about global
[00:01:09] security challenges. You watched the Blitz program, see you next Thursday.
[00:02:36] Mechanical engineering is one of the brands of our country,
[00:02:40] it is important that the heart of each machine works like
[00:02:44] clockwork. Not every country in
[00:02:47] the world can afford to produce internal combustion
[00:02:50] engines, while having a fairly
[00:02:54] wide range in the power
[00:02:57] range and a fairly wide application.
[00:03:00] The engine is considered a complex technical product, as it combines
[00:03:04] a number of sciences such as gas dynamics,
[00:03:07] thermodynamics, theory of mechanisms and
[00:03:10] machines, theory of working processes, all this
[00:03:14] must be taken into account when developing new
[00:03:17] designs.
[00:03:21] My name is Mikhail Kleso, I am the chief designer of the Minsk Motor
[00:03:25] Plant, and we have been giving movement for over 60
[00:03:28] years.
[00:03:48] The decision to build the Minsk Motor Plant was made in
[00:03:52] the distant 1960 year, and already
[00:03:55] on July 23, 1963
[00:03:59] year. by decree of the
[00:04:01] Council of National Economy of the BSSR, the Minsk Motor Plant was considered
[00:04:05] partially commissioned with a volume of production of D-50 engines
[00:04:09] with a capacity of 50 horsepower,
[00:04:12] with a production volume of 50,000 units
[00:04:15] per year. Today it is already
[00:04:19] a whole line of engines, which
[00:04:21] includes engines with a capacity from 10 horsepower
[00:04:25] to 300 horsepower with a working
[00:04:28] volume from 1.6 liters to
[00:04:32] 8
[00:04:32] liters.
[00:04:39] In the line of the Minsk Motor Plant, there is a fairly wide use
[00:04:43] of various engines, starting from engines with a working volume from 1
[00:04:47] liter to 9 liters. In particular, there is a
[00:04:50] gas-diesel version of our small-liter
[00:04:54] engines, with Common Rail fuel equipment,
[00:04:58] designed mainly for
[00:05:13] marine applications, where strict requirements
[00:05:17] are imposed on marine registers, so that no
[00:05:21] rubber products are used in the
[00:05:24] design, all main
[00:05:27] elements, oil and fuel supply and return,
[00:05:30] were used only on metal
[00:05:33] pipes, also engines designed
[00:05:37] for diesel generator sets with additional requirements
[00:05:41] for the possibility of
[00:05:49] shutdown. designed for tractor applications,
[00:05:53] automotive applications, also for loaders, well,
[00:05:56] and other types of equipment, the main
[00:05:59] application of our engines is tractors of the Minsk
[00:06:01] Tractor Plant, but despite this, we find
[00:06:05] time and opportunities to expand the applicability
[00:06:08] of our manufactured engines, in particular there are also automotive...
[00:06:12] modifications, industrial modifications, for loaders,
[00:06:16] for agricultural machinery, off-road machinery, the nomenclature
[00:06:19] is quite wide, large, every year the line of
[00:06:23] engines produced by the Minsk Motor Plant grows,
[00:06:26] new engines are being developed with new displacements,
[00:06:29] dimensions, with various possibilities of using these
[00:06:33] engines.
[00:06:37] as we can see, during this time there has been a significant
[00:06:40] expansion of the line, which... allowed the use of engines
[00:06:44] of the Minsk Motor Plant quite widely and
[00:06:47] diversely, and engines of the Minsk Motor Plant can be
[00:06:51] found not only on the territory of
[00:06:54] the former Soviet Union, but beyond its
[00:06:57] borders.
[00:07:00] Today, the Minsk Motor Plant is
[00:07:04] the only manufacturer of engines on the territory of the Republic
[00:07:07] of Belarus, which gives a certain
[00:07:11] burden of responsibility. for the developed
[00:07:14] product, for the newly created
[00:07:17] product, in order to increase the use
[00:07:20] of engines on Belarusian equipment, the department of
[00:07:24] the chief designer has 19 design bureaus today,
[00:07:27] it is here that the origin begins, the beginning of
[00:07:31] design, working out different variants
[00:07:35] possible for complete sets, for design, in
[00:07:39] the future all these works for...
[00:07:54] from the piston, some layout solutions for
[00:07:58] attachments are considered, a preliminary calculation is performed,
[00:08:02] we moved the oil pump to the side of the cylinder block, now the oil
[00:08:06] pump is driven through a double
[00:08:09] intermediate gear, it was possible to resolve the problem.
[00:08:12] areas in the layout of the dump truck, so now with such
[00:08:16] a layout everything becomes quite
[00:08:20] successful.
[00:08:23] The development process takes a long period of
[00:08:27] time, it can reach up to a year and a half
[00:08:30] and even more than a year - this is the process of manufacturing the engine
[00:08:33] itself. On me, as the chief designer,
[00:08:37] lies the final decision for the chosen engine
[00:08:40] design, which... will be put into mass
[00:08:44] production from those possible options that
[00:08:47] during the design process are developed
[00:08:51] by the design bureau.
[00:08:57] In the experimental workshop, prototype parts are
[00:09:01] manufactured, which in the future become prototype
[00:09:05] engines. All engines that
[00:09:08] are developed by the chief designer's department are manufactured.
[00:09:22] At the stage of manufacturing prototype parts at the Minsk Motor Plant, there is
[00:09:23] a 3D printing
[00:09:27] laboratory, in which forms are
[00:09:30] manufactured, which are designed
[00:09:33] for casting both aluminum and
[00:09:36] cast iron. Currently, we are in
[00:09:40] the 3D printing laboratory, where sand-polymer forms, they
[00:09:42] are intended
[00:09:45] for obtaining castings from aluminum and
[00:09:48] cast iron, at the moment a mold has been printed for
[00:09:52] obtaining a casting, a cylinder head
[00:09:55] cover, an engine with a working volume of 14
[00:09:58] liters.
[00:10:02] After the forms are manufactured, they are moved to the aluminum
[00:10:06] casting shop, where metal is poured,
[00:10:08] resulting in castings. Good
[00:10:12] day. Good, how are things going with you, everything
[00:10:15] is fine, we try not to increase, we try to keep it
[00:10:18] normal,
[00:10:22] preserving the defects that are already detected. yes,
[00:10:26] eliminated, everything is fine, now we are preparing a new
[00:10:29] batch
[00:10:32] for processing. In the shop, such
[00:10:35] main engine parts as the oil pan, distribution
[00:10:39] cover, collectors, flanges,
[00:10:42] caps, covers and other products are manufactured. These
[00:10:46] products are made from four types of aluminum
[00:10:49] alloy. Depending on the purpose of
[00:10:52] the parts, the alloy that
[00:10:55] is necessary for the given design of parts is selected,
[00:11:13] at the design stage, the designer lays down
[00:11:17] the material for manufacturing those or other parts, in order
[00:11:20] to ensure the stated parameters,
[00:11:24] the main engine parts, such as the cylinder
[00:11:27] head, have recently been made from
[00:11:30] high-strength cast iron,
[00:11:32] this mass of metal, in this place we had a defect,
[00:11:36] we got rid of it by forming it in casting, we had
[00:11:40] to add additional
[00:11:43] -
[00:11:46] exits for core
[00:11:49] signs
[00:11:51] to form
[00:11:54] this core. Well, according to the results of processing the block,
[00:11:57] it turned out that this place excludes the presence
[00:12:00] of cavities, so yes, this decision will probably
[00:12:03] have to be applied to serial
[00:12:05] production.
[00:12:08] We have a foundry production of cast iron castings,
[00:12:12] which is located in our branch in the city of
[00:12:14] Stoltsy, where on the basis of this
[00:12:17] enterprise cast iron castings
[00:12:20] are produced from gray cast iron, high-strength
[00:12:23] cast iron. These are parts such as cylinder
[00:12:26] block, cylinder head, exhaust manifolds, flange for
[00:12:30] the exhaust manifold, and other products. Then
[00:12:33] these castings are moved to the shop where
[00:12:36] mechanical processing takes place, after manufacturing
[00:12:40] the parts, they are controlled, if the part is suitable, it
[00:12:43] is moved to the shop where subsequently the assembly
[00:12:47] of a prototype
[00:12:49] engine will be performed.
[00:13:19] We talk about the most fascinating things from the world
[00:13:22] of science, several punctures, about
[00:13:25] a couple of millimeters, a camera that sees more than
[00:13:29] human eyes and robot hands that
[00:13:32] do not shake, do not get tired, help doctors act with
[00:13:36] jewelry precision, even with complex diagnoses.
[00:13:39] What are the main advantages of minimally invasive
[00:13:43] surgery? Well, in fact, the main advantage
[00:13:47] is already hidden in the name itself, minimally invasive, it
[00:13:51] implies small punctures, we share
[00:13:55] interesting facts, ask the most exciting questions
[00:13:59] and look for answers to them. That's it, stop, this is filmed,
[00:14:03] thank you. Rearrangement. Kirill,
[00:14:06] hello, hello. What film are you currently
[00:14:09] working on? Well, at the moment we are filming a new
[00:14:13] adventure thriller detective called
[00:14:16] 1991, produced by the National Film Studio
[00:14:19] Belarusfilm, filming is in full swing. Sounds very interesting, by the way, I also want
[00:14:23] to star in a movie, but what does it take? Watch the Science
[00:14:26] Next project on the TV channel Belarus 24.
[00:14:55] production of castings, both from aluminum and from
[00:14:57] cast iron, parts go for mechanical
[00:15:00] processing, depending on the type of parts, they
[00:15:04] go through different stages of processing, there are simpler
[00:15:07] parts, there are more complex parts, where the processing
[00:15:11] time significantly increases and
[00:15:14] complicates. The main engine part
[00:15:17] is the cylinder block,
[00:15:20] there are quite a lot of processing
[00:15:24] operations.
[00:15:26] This is a combination of solutions that ultimately
[00:15:30] allow to obtain
[00:15:32] the final part, these are milling operations,
[00:15:36] turning operations.
[00:15:38] grinding operations, well, and so on, and
[00:15:41] approximately in experimental production, the manufacture of such
[00:15:45] a part can take up to
[00:15:48] six months. After mechanical processing,
[00:15:51] the assembly stage of the prototype
[00:15:55] begins.
[00:16:05] We are in the assembly section of the experimental workshop,
[00:16:08] where the first prototype engines are manufactured, also in
[00:16:12] this section, work related to the inspection
[00:16:15] of engines based on the results of tests is carried out, here
[00:16:18] weak points are identified,
[00:16:21] certain decisions are made that allow
[00:16:24] to refine the design so that the final product,
[00:16:28] the engines, prove themselves only from the best side.
[00:16:32] Considering that prototype
[00:16:35] models are manufactured in small
[00:16:38] quantities, the requirements for
[00:16:42] assembly differ from the requirements that
[00:16:45] are necessary for serial production, therefore all
[00:16:48] prototype models are made on a conventional
[00:16:52] stand, and by human hands, putting, one might
[00:16:55] say, soul into it, the assembly of all our prototype
[00:16:59] models takes place, the designer constantly participates in
[00:17:02] accompanying each stage of assembly, personally
[00:17:06] present at... right up to the point
[00:17:07] that
[00:17:11] he provides assistance to the worker,
[00:17:15] specialist who performs the assembly of the first
[00:17:19] prototype. Based on the results of parametric tests, a
[00:17:22] control inspection of the engine is performed with the aim
[00:17:25] of identifying weak points in
[00:17:28] the engine. After these
[00:17:31] works are completed, the engine will be installed on the stand and
[00:17:34] parametric tests will be performed again. The engine
[00:17:38] is designed for our foreign partner, it will be
[00:17:42] installed on
[00:17:43] equipment
[00:17:46] related to agriculture, in particular
[00:17:48] a sprayer.
[00:17:53] After the assembly of the prototype, the engine
[00:17:56] is moved to the test boxes, where it undergoes
[00:18:00] a full cycle of tests. This is also a fairly
[00:18:03] long process, because lately we have started
[00:18:07] to apply complex products, such as
[00:18:10] Common Rail fuel equipment, which requires
[00:18:13] personalized settings for each engine. This is related
[00:18:16] to obtaining the necessary characteristics,
[00:18:19] achieving the best specific indicators.
[00:18:22] This is work on the ecological class of engines. Every
[00:18:26] year, environmental requirements are becoming stricter both abroad and
[00:18:29] in the territory of our customs
[00:18:32] union. The preliminary tests of the engine of the ecological cluster
[00:18:36] are being completed.
[00:18:38] Currently, the effectiveness of exhaust
[00:18:41] gas neutralizers is being evaluated, and
[00:18:44] the effectiveness of the fuel equipment is also being checked
[00:18:47] to achieve the required specific indicators, in particular
[00:18:50] we strive to significantly reduce specific fuel
[00:18:53] consumption, while achieving the required environmental class
[00:18:56] of the engine. So far, the results are preliminary,
[00:19:00] after processing it will be
[00:19:03] clear whether we have achieved the target values or not, or
[00:19:06] if further work is required.
[00:19:38] for start-up, noise,
[00:19:41] vibration, operational
[00:19:44] tests are carried out, according to the results of which
[00:19:47] the weak points of the engine are identified,
[00:19:50] it is determined what needs to be improved in the engine
[00:19:54] so that in more mass
[00:19:57] production there are no engine failures. In this
[00:20:00] box, parametric tests
[00:20:03] of an engine with a working volume of 2.5 liters, a power
[00:20:06] of 55, are being conducted. The nominal speed is
[00:20:08] 2400.
[00:20:11] The external speed characteristic is being worked out,
[00:20:13] характеристика,
[00:20:15] the application of this engine with different
[00:20:19] fuel equipment settings is being worked out, in particular
[00:20:22] plunger pairs of different
[00:20:25] sizes are used, the optimal characteristic
[00:20:28] is determined, which in the future
[00:20:31] will ensure reliable operation of this engine
[00:20:34] in the final product.
[00:20:41] The designer's task is to correctly select
[00:20:44] the necessary tolerances for dimensions, so that
[00:20:48] the engine works, because... it works in different conditions,
[00:20:51] both cold and hot, while inside
[00:20:55] the engine temperatures can reach up to
[00:20:59] 700°, all this leaves a certain
[00:21:02] imprint on the correctness of the chosen
[00:21:05] clearances, so that the parts are manufactured with certain
[00:21:08] tolerances, now we are in the climatic
[00:21:12] chamber, here engine start-up tests
[00:21:16] are being carried out, in this case it is testing equipment with
[00:21:19] our. at negative temperatures, a start-up
[00:21:23] imitation will occur at a temperature
[00:21:26] of -20°, to see how the engine
[00:21:29] performs. The task of the tests
[00:21:32] is to carry out work on starting
[00:21:35] at negative temperatures on an engine with
[00:21:39] its balancing mechanism installed.
[00:21:43] Now we will check
[00:21:45] all this.
[00:21:48] An engine that goes into series production
[00:21:52] is not just an engine, but an engine that has passed the entire
[00:21:55] complex of tests, at all stages
[00:21:59] of testing, no remarks
[00:22:03] were found regarding the engine.
[00:22:27] These people know how to turn an idea into a business. You
[00:22:31] are an example, your establishments are in the top 10. Soul is invested
[00:22:34] in every establishment. In every action, we think through
[00:22:38] the concept, we think through how our brand will look.
[00:22:42] The relationship between a person and works of art
[00:22:45] even change the human genome. You see, that's what
[00:22:49] specialists from different fields are working on today,
[00:22:52] but each of them is working on the image of Belarus. We
[00:22:56] put ornaments on the walls in order
[00:22:59] to immerse us in the Belarusian
[00:23:03] culture, in the culture of our region. It's happiness, yes, that
[00:23:06] I got the opportunity, yes, to touch upon the topic of preserving
[00:23:10] memory. Leonid Levin invited me to participate in the Red
[00:23:13] Bank project. What color will the new
[00:23:16] guest choose? And you insisted on orange. Tell me,
[00:23:20] well, orange is the color of maximalism, the direction in
[00:23:23] art with which I work. The palette project with Nina
[00:23:26] Mozheiko. Watch on Belarus 24 TV channel.
[00:23:52] Serial production, as well as the manufacture of prototypes,
[00:23:56] it also begins with similar
[00:23:59] operations, only if in experimental
[00:24:02] production it is done on one machine, then in
[00:24:05] serial production it is already lines that allow the manufacturing
[00:24:09] time of engines to be significantly reduced,
[00:24:12] all stages are similar, what needs to be done to produce a block,
[00:24:16] what needs to be done to produce a cylinder head,
[00:24:19] what needs to be done to assemble the engine, what
[00:24:22] needs to be done to run-in the engine, only the run-in
[00:24:26] takes place in a faster
[00:24:28] mode, depending on the production
[00:24:31] volumes, every few minutes an
[00:24:35] engine rolls off
[00:24:37] the conveyor.
[00:24:40] We are on the assembly conveyor of the Minsk Motor Plant,
[00:24:44] where the assembly
[00:24:46] of engines with a working volume of 4.75 is taking place.
[00:24:50] In particular, we are present at the section for laying the cylinder block, where
[00:24:54] further filling will
[00:24:57] take place, and at the end of the conveyor we will see the finished
[00:25:01] result.
[00:25:06] Depending on the application and specifics
[00:25:09] of equipment use, there may be different
[00:25:12] additional units, such
[00:25:15] as starting heaters for easier starting in
[00:25:18] cold weather. The year can
[00:25:21] use additional options, such as
[00:25:25] installing a compressor-air conditioner,
[00:25:28] where more comfortable operating conditions for the
[00:25:31] operator are required on the final product, various
[00:25:34] options for placing
[00:25:37] fuel filters, various options for
[00:25:40] oil pans. One of the important points
[00:25:43] is the installation of the cylinder head on
[00:25:47] the engine. This installation occurs.
[00:26:03] a violation of this moment will lead in
[00:26:06] the future to possible breakdowns of the
[00:26:10] gasket, which will negatively affect the engine's
[00:26:13] performance.
[00:26:19] Different types of fuel equipment
[00:26:22] can be used on the engine, it can be just mechanical
[00:26:26] fuel equipment, it can be with an electronic
[00:26:29] regulator, it can be fuel...
[00:26:34] Considering that the Minsk Motor Plant produces a large line of
[00:26:37] engines, it is important not to confuse
[00:26:40] and correctly use fuel equipment
[00:26:43] components, in particular to correctly
[00:26:46] install the fuel pump, correctly install
[00:26:48] injectors, correctly use high-pressure
[00:26:52] lines, correctly install
[00:26:55] the fine fuel filter, all this
[00:26:58] requires high attention from employees
[00:27:01] to observe regulatory
[00:27:04] work when installing
[00:27:07] fuel equipment components.
[00:27:10] Over the years of engine production,
[00:27:14] we have had many different
[00:27:16] modifications, both in terms of power
[00:27:20] and in terms of the design itself, in
[00:27:24] terms of different engine components.
[00:27:27] двигателя.
[00:27:32] This is the final point of the assembly conveyor, but it is not the final point of
[00:27:36] the product, then the engines go to the break-in
[00:27:40] station, the painting line,
[00:27:43] after that the engine is completed and ready for
[00:27:46] shipment,
[00:27:51] depending on the consumer's requirements, engines can be
[00:27:54] painted in different colors, these can be red, and
[00:27:58] black, and gray, in particular gray color...
[00:28:08] for painting engines intended for marine registration, there is combined paint, where some parts are painted in
[00:28:12] one color, some parts are painted in another color, this is
[00:28:15] particularly used for engines that are intended for
[00:28:19] refrigerated units, as a rule, we use two paints
[00:28:23] in serial production, these are
[00:28:24] black and red.
[00:28:32] Many enterprises of the Republic of Belarus use engines from the Minsk Motor
[00:28:36] Plant, and the Minsk Motor Plant
[00:28:39] constantly works on expanding the
[00:28:42] range of manufactured engines,
[00:28:45] which allows to expand
[00:28:47] the use of our engines on various
[00:28:51] types of equipment. The plant is completing the manufacture of the first
[00:28:54] prototype engine with a power of 450
[00:28:58] horsepower, intended for installation on
[00:29:02] MTZ 4500 tractors. For
[00:29:05] the Minsk Motor Plant, this is a fundamentally new
[00:29:08] development that will soon,
[00:29:11] after passing the entire complex of tests,
[00:29:15] begin mass production.
[00:29:30] It's hard to highlight.
[00:30:14] What I like about our work is that
[00:30:17] there are always creative notes that
[00:30:21] allow you to create, you constantly
[00:30:24] see that all your ideas are realized in
[00:30:27] metal, that this product works,
[00:30:31] that... fewer complaints arise about
[00:30:35] the quality of manufacture, about the engine design itself,
[00:30:39] it's very pleasant when engines begin
[00:30:43] to be used on different types
[00:30:45] of equipment, I am glad to be part of the team
[00:30:49] that, from the stage of development to
[00:30:52] the stage of manufacturing one of the most complex components
[00:30:55] of a vehicle, works cohesively, always for
[00:30:59] results.