CANALCATORCE — broadcast
20260806 133000 UTC
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[00:00:06] sovereignty in
[00:00:12] This is France 24's America Direct.
[00:00:15] Next, an update on the most important news shaping the
[00:00:18] international agenda. I'm Daniel Ablandón Ramírez.
[00:00:20] Welcome.
[00:00:23] New cross-attacks between Russia and Ukraine. Kyiv
[00:00:26] says it has attacked two Russian refineries in
[00:00:30] its second largest drone offensive since the beginning of the war in Moscow,
[00:00:33] several casualties are reported due to air attacks against the cities of
[00:00:37] Harkrif and Sumy.
[00:00:39] Last day of peace negotiations between Israel and Lebanon in
[00:00:43] Rome, while Tel Aviv intensifies its offensive
[00:00:46] and reports its first military casualty in a month. Benjamin
[00:00:50] Netanyahu's government justifies its attacks on an alleged
[00:00:53] violation of the ceasefire by Hezbollah. We have
[00:00:57] reports from Beirut.
[00:01:00] More than 1,800 deaths and nearly 4 confirmed
[00:01:03] cases are the latest figures released by
[00:01:07] the Democratic Republic of Congo on Ebola. Health
[00:01:10] difficulties continue to hinder the response to the
[00:01:13] outbreak amid protests from health personnel demanding
[00:01:17] payment of their salaries.
[00:01:33] We begin by talking about the war between Russia and Ukraine, which is
[00:01:36] intensifying with Kyiv launching its second largest drone
[00:01:40] attack since the beginning of the conflict in February 2022,
[00:01:44] but without enough means to shoot down Russian missiles, as
[00:01:48] warned by President Volodimir Zelensky, who
[00:01:51] continues to ask for more military aid from the United States. At least six people
[00:01:55] died in Ukraine during the night from Wednesday to Thursday in air
[00:01:59] attacks against the cities of Kharkiv and Sumy. For its
[00:02:02] part, Russian authorities reported that Ukrainian kamikaze
[00:02:06] drones killed two civilians and wounded five others in
[00:02:10] the border region of Bryansk. Let's see.
[00:02:14] After more than 20 hours of searching, Ukrainian rescue teams
[00:02:17] pull a body from the rubble. A civilian has
[00:02:21] died in a Russian attack perpetrated the previous day against this
[00:02:24] building in Kramatorsk. Given the multiplication of Russian attacks, the
[00:02:28] authorities of this city, in the Donetsk region in eastern
[00:02:31] Ukraine, ordered the evacuation of some 500 children and their families
[00:02:36] 25% is from who still lived in the city. Also in the
[00:02:38] Kyiv region, attacks are becoming more numerous and
[00:02:42] deadly. Along this railway, railway workers
[00:02:45] remove one by one the bodies of the victims of the offensive
[00:02:49] against a busy station 30 km from the capital.
[00:02:53] A neighbor recounts a night of
[00:02:55] horror.
[00:03:00] Everything was deafening, and since the air raid alert was still in effect, I didn't
[00:03:03] dare to look around. Then there were explosions,
[00:03:07] collapsing buildings and a lot
[00:03:10] School of Earth Sciences of of smoke. There's a train station nearby, and soon I saw people covered in blood
[00:03:14] running down the
[00:03:15] street.
[00:03:19] According to the Ukrainian Air Force,
[00:03:22] Pérez, the director of Russia launched 115 long-range drones and 28
[00:03:25] but only 98 drones could
[00:03:28] be neutralized. Ukrainian
[00:03:30] anti-aircraft defenses failed to intercept any of
[00:03:34] the missiles. Zelensky attributes this
[00:03:36] engineering of weakness to delays in the delivery of missile
[00:03:40] interceptors planned for
[00:03:41] 2025.
[00:03:44] Ukraine has started receiving approximately three times fewer
[00:03:48] The city itself is divided, and this is what anti-ballistic missiles to defend our state. This situation is
[00:03:51] mainly related to the
[00:03:53] also Juárez for the end of war, or as it is now correct to say, to the hostilities and wars in the Middle
[00:03:59] evidently continues to act there, and that is what East. Last week, Zelensky returned to
[00:04:02] Washington to try to convince Donald Trump to
[00:04:06] supply him with Patriot missiles, the only ones capable of intercepting the most
[00:04:09] advanced Russian missiles. But according to the
[00:04:12] Financial Times, Trump rejected this request due to the
[00:04:15] scarcity of Patriots in US reserves since the
[00:04:19] beginning of the war in the Middle East.
[00:04:23] Now we update information on Lebanon. Israel continues
[00:04:26] to attack the south of the country, with at least eight wounded on Thursday
[00:04:30] alone, while reporting two military casualties
[00:04:34] on Wednesday, the first in more than a month.
[00:04:37] Simultaneously in Rome, the last round of the
[00:04:41] new peace negotiations concluded with the mediation of
[00:04:44] the United States. On the ground is Etel Bonet, our correspondent in
[00:04:48] Beirut, with whom we establish communication at this time. Etel, good
[00:04:51] afternoon to you. What progress can be highlighted from this 3-day
[00:04:55] round of negotiations, in which, however, it is worth
[00:04:58] remembering that it does not participate, which is one of the key players in
[00:05:02] this conflict?
[00:05:06] Yes, good afternoon. The truth is that there has been progress, but it is very
[00:05:10] slow. In this case, three working groups have been created,
[00:05:14] one military, one diplomatic and the other
[00:05:17] legal, where the most obstacles have
[00:05:21] evidently been in the military where they are talking about those
[00:05:24] pilot zones that began to be implemented a couple of weeks ago in three
[00:05:28] localities in southern Lebanon and that these are
[00:05:32] eh Zautaral Garbella, Frat and Srifa and
[00:05:35] it is being a quite long process where there has been that first deployment of Lebanese
[00:05:39] troops and an alleged withdrawal in
[00:05:43] this case of Israeli troops. In this case, in these new conversations, they wanted
[00:05:47] to have expanded those pilot zones to two other zones, among
[00:05:50] them Hiam and Benjebel, which are two of Hezbollah's strongholds.
[00:05:54] This was also a bit to demonstrate that the Lebanese
[00:05:57] army can deploy in an area where there was a lot of force, and
[00:06:01] from Hezbollah and where there would surely be weapons and ammunition and they
[00:06:05] would carry out that withdrawal of those weapons and ammunition because it must be remembered
[00:06:09] that the ultimate goal of these conversations is that there be
[00:06:12] disarmament by Hezbollah. This also wanted Lebanon itself
[00:06:16] to be a test to demonstrate that they were capable, but the truth is
[00:06:20] that for the moment, the Israeli side does not want those
[00:06:23] pilot zones to advance, but rather that Hezbollah's
[00:06:27] weapons be dismantled in those three zones that I have already
[00:06:30] mentioned. And for this, the problem is that
[00:06:34] a verification mechanism is needed in which three
[00:06:38] countries act: Israel, Lebanon and a
[00:06:41] third country because the United States does not want to be present
[00:06:45] in southern Lebanon. So they were debating which
[00:06:48] country this third country could be, and it seems in any case that it will be
[00:06:52] Italy, because precisely France, which had also said
[00:06:55] that they wanted to participate, Israel did not want France to
[00:06:59] be part of this committee, so it will surely
[00:07:02] be Italy. Regarding the last part, which is the judicial part, the
[00:07:06] exchange of prisoners was discussed. Etel, this
[00:07:09] is what is being discussed at the negotiating table, but how is the situation on the
[00:07:13] ground? What can be said about that alleged ceasefire?
[00:07:16] fuego,
[00:07:23] Yes,
[00:07:25] eh, well, in this case, we are talking about the fact that yes,
[00:07:29] there have evidently been quite
[00:07:31] a lot of, I don't know if you can hear me well because I have had
[00:07:35] problems hearing you, but we are talking about the fact that yes, evidently,
[00:07:39] there have been many ceasefire violations, both by
[00:07:42] Israel and by Hezbollah, and especially yesterday was one of the most
[00:07:46] difficult days since that framework agreement came into
[00:07:50] force at the end of June. And in this case, it was
[00:07:53] precisely because there were some
[00:07:57] explosives that had been placed by Hezbollah,
[00:08:01] and then there was a patrol of the Israeli army, and
[00:08:04] two Israeli soldiers died and eight
[00:08:07] were wounded. This is being investigated because Israel does not
[00:08:11] know if those explosives were planted
[00:08:14] during this truce period, during this ceasefire period, or were
[00:08:18] planted previously. We are also talking about a very
[00:08:21] conflictive area, Mansouri. In Mansouri, precisely
[00:08:24] yesterday, after there were those deaths, those Israeli
[00:08:28] casualties, Israel asked that, after weeks
[00:08:32] without evacuation orders, there be an evacuation of civilians
[00:08:36] from this locality, who had to go to other areas of the Tyre
[00:08:39] region. This also caused several,
[00:08:43] eh, what was the Israeli army carried out
[00:08:46] air attacks, and we also talk about one
[00:08:50] dead and wounded yesterday. This is also very important because Mansouri
[00:08:54] is a locality that is precisely divided
[00:08:57] between what is the yellow line.
[00:09:01] Israel considers, right, that the entire locality is under its
[00:09:04] control, and that is why there are always problems in this
[00:09:08] place because Hezbollah
[00:09:12] is being seen, if these explosives that had
[00:09:14] been planted and that attacked and killed these Israeli
[00:09:18] soldiers were placed before or after the truce.
[00:09:21] Israel has also dynamited other areas of southern
[00:09:25] Lebanon today, especially what is the Zautar Al Sharqia area,
[00:09:28] which is one of the pilot zones, the pilot zones that we
[00:09:32] mentioned before, which is Zautar Al Garbia, well, in Zauta Al Sharqia,
[00:09:35] they are dynamiting every day. Israel, in this case, alleges that
[00:09:39] there is a lot of Hezbollah underground infrastructure, and
[00:09:43] that is why they are dynamiting all the
[00:09:46] localities in southern Lebanon that are under that yellow line. Well, thank
[00:09:50] you very much. That was Esther Bonet, reporting
[00:09:53] from the Lebanese capital. Oil gains more than
[00:09:56] 1% and gold is trading at its highest level in 7
[00:10:00] weeks amid expectations of a possible agreement that would allow
[00:10:03] the flow of ships through the Strait of Hormuz to resume.
[00:10:07] Iran and Oman announced on Wednesday an agreement on the
[00:10:11] geographical coordinates of a maritime route through
[00:10:14] this important waterway. However, a broader pact that
[00:10:18] involves its reopening is still under negotiation. From the White House,
[00:10:22] President Donald Trump insisted that the signing
[00:10:26] of an agreement is imminent, but again warned that he would deal
[00:10:30] heavy blows to the Islamic republic if the
[00:10:32] talks failed.
[00:10:35] Let's go to the Democratic Republic of Congo. The government of the
[00:10:39] African country raised the number of deaths to 1801,
[00:10:42] from what is already considered the second largest Ebola outbreak in history,
[00:10:46] with a fatality rate close to
[00:10:49] 50%. Meanwhile, the World Health Organization calls for an
[00:10:52] intensification of the response. On the ground,
[00:10:55] doctors and health personnel denounce their working conditions.
[00:10:59] Specifically, they claim that the state has not paid them since the beginning of the
[00:11:02] crisis, despite a previous strike. Let's see the
[00:11:06] report. Every day, the same
[00:11:10] ritual. Wiza Bondeles puts on her protective suit and her
[00:11:13] disinfection equipment, before entering a house whose
[00:11:16] occupants have died from the Ebola
[00:11:19] virus. Essential measures to try
[00:11:23] to stop the spread of the virus that continues to plague the
[00:11:26] country. However, since the beginning of his mission
[00:11:29] in mid-May, Wis has not yet received his
[00:11:32] salary. In July, he joined other health
[00:11:36] workers to
[00:11:37] strike.
[00:11:40] We went on strike because we realized that we work in
[00:11:43] dangerous conditions and we gave our all. We
[00:11:47] face risky situations. A
[00:11:51] patient might vomit blood, so we have to clean it up.
[00:11:56] In July, the Congolese Minister of Health acknowledged the payment
[00:12:00] delays attributed to organizational problems and
[00:12:03] assured that they would be resolved quickly. Since
[00:12:06] then, some of his colleagues have been
[00:12:09] paid, but only in part, according to Wiza. He claims that
[00:12:12] he has not yet received anything. However, he continues to work seven
[00:12:16] days a week, despite the risks he
[00:12:19] exposes himself to.
[00:12:22] I could contract this virus and subsequently infect
[00:12:25] my family, my
[00:12:26] neighbors,
[00:21:01] First, we would like to give an introduction on
[00:21:05] how much gas we consume, that is,
[00:21:07] on gas at the national level and
[00:21:11] eh, how much gas we consume and for what it is
[00:21:13] used. Eh, gas consumption in Mexico, as
[00:21:17] we all know, especially in
[00:21:20] 2025, is
[00:21:23] currently 9.1 billion
[00:21:27] cubic feet per day. Eh,
[00:21:30] how, how is this consumption distributed?
[00:21:34] Eh, 58% is in
[00:21:38] electricity, 19%
[00:21:41] is in self-consumption in Pemex,
[00:21:44] industry is 12% and
[00:21:48] households and commerce 11%. Eh,
[00:21:52] 70% of electricity is generated with
[00:21:55] natural gas and as we know,
[00:21:58] natural gas is the main fuel for
[00:22:01] electricity generation, an alternative to coal,
[00:22:05] fuel oil, petroleum
[00:22:08] coke that produce greater polluting
[00:22:11] emissions. The next slide, please.
[00:22:15] How much gas do we consume and for what is
[00:22:19] it used? Without measures,
[00:22:22] natural gas consumption in Mexico
[00:22:26] eh could be projected, as I said,
[00:22:29] currently we have approximately
[00:22:32] 9.1 billion cubic feet per
[00:22:35] day, but if we project
[00:22:37] it without government
[00:22:40] measures to reduce demand at the national
[00:22:43] level, natural gas consumption would continue to grow
[00:22:47] for the coming years and, and let's see.
[00:22:50] for 2030, we would be at 10.8 billion cubic
[00:22:54] feet per day, this is a
[00:22:57] projection for 2030, next
[00:23:00] slide
[00:23:03] eh, and as we all know and that is why we are here
[00:23:06] today, Mexico
[00:23:09] imports most of the gas we
[00:23:12] consume, 75% of the gas consumed
[00:23:15] is imported from the United
[00:23:19] States. and
[00:23:21] only, we could say, only
[00:23:26] national production currently.
[00:23:30] Eh, since 2025, natural gas
[00:23:33] imports have increased year by year, and Mexico's
[00:23:37] high dependence on these imports
[00:23:40] compromises our energy sovereignty and security
[00:23:44] of the country.
[00:23:48] The import of gas could continue to increase in the coming
[00:23:52] years, making Mexico more dependent on
[00:23:55] external sources.
[00:23:58] Eh, the percentage of imports, we see here
[00:24:01] how it has increased, that is, what we have and what I presented
[00:24:05] a moment ago in the previous slides,
[00:24:08] has been growing over
[00:24:11] time. If we look at it from 2010, it was
[00:24:14] 21% and currently we are at
[00:24:17] 75%. The only thing we see is a slight
[00:24:21] decrease when we had the pandemic, but if we look at
[00:24:24] it, the increase has been growing
[00:24:27] over time. Next slide.
[00:24:29] What is the origin of the natural gas we
[00:24:33] import? Most of it, as
[00:24:37] we saw a moment ago, comes from
[00:24:40] unconventional reservoirs.
[00:24:43] Eh, these plays, these reservoirs
[00:24:46] are from the unconventional plays in the United
[00:24:50] States and eh
[00:24:53] they are mainly from the
[00:24:56] plays we have in the north of the country
[00:24:59] in the let's say, in the part
[00:25:02] of the non-conventional plays that
[00:25:06] are in Texas
[00:25:09] and in the
[00:25:12] eastern part
[00:25:15] of the United States, the
[00:25:18] next one.
[00:25:20] Most of the imported gas, as we said, comes
[00:25:24] from non-conventional plays, which is 93%
[00:25:26] of what we import,
[00:25:30] and here I'm going to stop
[00:25:33] for a moment because it is important that we see
[00:25:37] that these non-conventional
[00:25:40] deposits, which account for 93%, I
[00:25:43] repeat, and it is
[00:25:46] 6. That is, 6.3 billion
[00:25:50] cubic feet that we are importing,
[00:25:53] these are deposits
[00:25:57] that are trapped in rocks with very, very low
[00:26:00] permeability, excuse me. Technically, in rocks,
[00:26:04] in formations that have very low
[00:26:07] permeability, very low porosity,
[00:26:11] so that to
[00:26:13] exploit them requires special techniques for their
[00:26:16] extraction, and only 7%, there
[00:26:20] is the amount, are from conventional deposits
[00:26:23] that are from the deposits that
[00:26:26] are normally exploited in Mexico, and it is natural
[00:26:30] gas that is accumulated in porous
[00:26:34] and permeable rock deposits that simply flows
[00:26:37] when a well is drilled
[00:26:41] and that has the pressure of the
[00:26:44] deposits, the next one
[00:26:46] please.
[00:26:49] Eh, there are certain strategies that
[00:26:52] Mexico must promote to strengthen energy
[00:26:56] sovereignty and that
[00:27:00] we have been studying and that...
[00:27:03] we sent so that the increase of
[00:27:07] gas in Mexico
[00:27:11] can be strengthened. We are proposing four
[00:27:14] that are marked
[00:27:17] here. The first is to increase
[00:27:20] electricity generation with renewable
[00:27:22] energies. The second is to make
[00:27:25] increasingly efficient use of
[00:27:29] energy. The third is
[00:27:32] to increase the production of national fuels in
[00:27:36] conventional deposits and
[00:27:38] reduce gas flaring in oil
[00:27:40] fields, which is something I will explain now.
[00:27:44] Four is to protect the environment, next one
[00:27:48] please. Eh, these
[00:27:50] are suggestions and of course what the
[00:27:54] federal government has been doing, but
[00:27:57] explained a little more,
[00:28:00] and that we are proposing,
[00:28:03] eh, as part of the committee, the
[00:28:06] government must develop a plan to increase renewable electricity
[00:28:09] generation and efficient cogeneration.
[00:28:13] Recently, the government presented a plan to increase electricity generation
[00:28:17] through clean energy sources.
[00:28:20] Here, eh, regarding these studies, the
[00:28:24] increase in renewable electricity generation and
[00:28:26] cogeneration could yield up to 90
[00:28:30] TWh from 2024, which is 24%,
[00:28:33] and could reach 38% in
[00:28:37] 2030. The increase in renewable
[00:28:40] electricity generation plants and
[00:28:43] cogeneration could increase by up to 22
[00:28:47] MW of new clean
[00:28:50] capacity, which is very important because it means
[00:28:53] using renewable energies.
[00:28:57] Harnessing waste heat in industrial
[00:28:59] processes to generate electricity.
[00:29:02] Efficient cogeneration (1500 MW),
[00:29:05] which is also very important for the country.
[00:29:08] Next. Another very important point is that
[00:29:12] the government of Mexico must develop an energy
[00:29:15] efficiency plan to avoid
[00:29:18] greater consumption of natural gas.
[00:29:21] Eh, in this part,
[00:29:24] I believe it is the part
[00:29:26] of the potential for reducing
[00:29:30] natural gas consumption through efficiency measures.
[00:29:32] By 2030, Mexico can implement energy
[00:29:36] efficiency programs in industry, in large
[00:29:39] energy consumers, and in public administration
[00:29:43] buildings, municipal, state, and
[00:29:46] federal, by
[00:29:48] updating, strengthening, and creating energy efficiency
[00:29:52] standards for home appliances and
[00:29:55] industrial machinery. And here we could reach a
[00:29:59] reduction of 500 million cubic feet.
[00:30:03] This part is very, very important,
[00:30:06] as it could help with energy efficiency.
[00:30:09] Next. Another point not to
[00:30:13] forget, and although it may be
[00:30:17] something we saw that is very little in the United
[00:30:20] States, but in Mexico it is what we have
[00:30:23] experienced in the 70 years of the national
[00:30:27] oil industry, is Pemex must develop a plan to
[00:30:31] increase gas supply with conventional
[00:30:34] production, from what we have experienced all these years in the
[00:30:37] national oil industry, and
[00:30:39] avoid flaring that resource in oil
[00:30:43] fields. So, I think if we focus on
[00:30:47] this point, it is something
[00:30:51] that we could
[00:30:53] increase. According to calculations,
[00:30:57] it is up to 2,400 million cubic feet.