CCTV1 — -1 20260920 120500 UTC 397 transcript segments Google Cloud Speech-to-Text API (Chirp) + Gemini 2.5 Flash Non-Thinking Data courtesy of The GDELT Project (https://www.gdeltproject.org/), from the Internet Archive TV News Archive. Machine transcription. Treat it as a searchable index of what was broadcast, not a verbatim quotation record. [00:00:52] The second season of Chinese Craftsmanship will be broadcast exclusively by Industrial and Commercial Bank of China. [00:00:57] Millennial craftsmanship, [00:01:01] wisdom to create the future. [00:02:05] A thousand years of craftsmanship looks at Made in China. This is "Chinese Craftsmanship", a large-scale industrial culture program jointly launched by China Media Group [00:02:09] and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. Hello everyone, I'm your host [00:02:13] Long Yang. Warm applause to welcome everyone. [00:02:26] was carved onto bronze, [00:02:30] Chinese people began a journey of creating quality [00:02:33] with responsibility. From the "Kaogong Ji" (Records of Examining Crafts) [00:02:37] more than 2,000 years ago, we see records of examining materials and measuring [00:02:41] and assessing skills. Today, the spirit of "object-maker and official-in-charge" [00:02:45] on major national artifacts, and the spirit of governing by objects and ruling by names [00:02:49] has never been interrupted. Today, let us follow [00:02:52] the historical trajectory to recognize those craftsmen in bronze ware, [00:02:56] brick making, porcelain, and even the names on major national artifacts. [00:03:32] Today, we are also very honored to invite experts from different fields to join us in [00:03:35] tracing ancient craftsmanship wisdom and showcasing the beauty of contemporary industry. [00:03:39] They are Zhang Gang, member of the National Manufacturing Powerhouse Construction Strategic Advisory Committee, [00:03:43] and vice chairman of the China Standardization Expert Committee. Feng Lisheng, [00:03:46] professor and director of the Institute of History of Science and Technology and Ancient Texts at Tsinghua University. [00:03:50] Liu Rui, researcher at the Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, [00:03:54] and vice president of the Chinese Qin and Han History Research Society. . [00:03:58] People who do archaeology, who deal with artifacts all year round, [00:04:03] will find that the provisions that genuinely link objects with [00:04:07] responsibility and accountability only began to appear in the middle [00:04:11] of the Warring States period. The earliest mention in books [00:04:15] was in "Lu Shi Chun Qiu" (Spring and Autumn Annals of Master Lu) in the late Warring States period. [00:04:19] In "Lu Shi Chun Qiu", it is recorded that "Wu Le Gong Min" (object-maker and official-in-charge) [00:04:22] examines the completion. If there is any impropriety in the work, the blame [00:04:25] is sought to the end. Simply put, [00:04:28] it means carving the names of the craftsmen, the makers, and the overseers [00:04:32] onto the artifacts, so that every artifact can be inspected, [00:04:36] traced, and held accountable. Thank you, Teacher Liu. [00:04:39] People who study history can often see traces of "Wu Le Gong Min" [00:04:43] on artifacts. On pottery from the Neolithic Age, [00:04:46] we can already see many symbols carved by craftsmen. [00:04:50] Many bronzes from the Shang Dynasty have inscriptions, [00:04:54] craftsman's names, and the name of the owner, indicating ownership. [00:04:57] By the Western Zhou Dynasty, the inscriptions shifted to honoring craftsmen, [00:05:01] from inscribing the owner's name to gradually inscribing the maker's name, [00:05:05] but they did not take the crucial step from mere inscription to [00:05:08] accountability. It was not until the Warring States period [00:05:12] that this step was truly achieved. [00:05:22] there are traces of "Wu Le Gong Min" everywhere. [00:05:26] From traditional industry to modern industry, quality traceability [00:05:29] and lifelong responsibility have been consistent. [00:05:33] From item carving [00:05:36] to laser marking, from manual checking [00:05:39] to digitalization. . [00:07:28] Shang Yang's Fang Sheng and Lu Bu's Ge, these two artifacts, [00:07:32] though used for different purposes, both embody the ancients' respect for standards [00:07:36] and responsibility, and encode the same cultural [00:07:39] code: "Wu Le Gong Min." . [00:07:44] Hmm. Products must be sought, and work must be improved. [00:09:23] Where is Gong Bo? Gong Bo is here again. [00:09:27] If there is a discrepancy in this batch, you are to remake it within three days. [00:09:30] If there is any further discrepancy, . [00:09:33] I have something I don't understand. [00:09:43] Don't you [00:10:14] fear ? [00:10:17] Fear comes from respect, which makes us realize the heavy responsibility. [00:10:21] Carving names on objects is to engrave the responsibility [00:10:24] of our generation into the lives of the common people, [00:10:28] and to settle their anxieties. [00:10:30] Affairs that have been recorded in history cannot be covered up [00:10:34] by emotions or laws. Therefore, the heart [00:10:38] should not betray the common people, so there is no [00:11:29] The ancients carved names onto objects; modern people embed responsibility [00:11:32] into manufacturing. Times change, [00:11:36] but the belief of serving the country with skills has not changed. Technology evolves, [00:11:39] but the spirit of "Wu Le Gong Min" and craftsmanship remain. [00:14:00] were embodied through Shang Yang's Fang Sheng, allowing us to feel its precision. [00:14:04] And this precision is backed by responsibility, otherwise, it would just be an empty text. [00:14:08] From a person's name to a whole system, next, let's see [00:14:12] how the "Wu Le Gong Min" system was fully established [00:14:16] in the Qin state. Let's welcome [00:14:20] the Sichuan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology with applause. [00:14:24] . [00:15:34] Let's take a look at the inscription on the surface. [00:15:42] 9 [00:15:42] years [00:15:50] This inscription has a total of three lines and 21 characters, [00:15:53] with five levels of officials and two levels of supervision. Xiang Bang Lv [00:15:57] Bu represents the central government and is the highest supervisor. [00:16:01] Shu Shou Xuan represents the local government and is the direct supervisor. [00:16:05] The central and local governments are bound by two lines. [00:16:08] From Xiang Bang to Gong Jiang, there are five levels of officials, 21 characters. [00:16:12] Whoever causes a problem will be traced back to. [00:16:16] 21 characters, five levels of responsibility, from Xiang Bang to Gong Jiang, [00:16:20] layer by layer, linked together. This gives us a more intuitive understanding of the "Wu Le Gong Min" system. [00:16:24] I'd like to ask Professor Huang, with such a system, [00:16:28] how did it gradually promote quality improvement? [00:16:32] The system did not come out of thin air; it was built upon a large number of craftsmen's [00:16:35] experiences. It was concentrated. [00:16:39] In the "Records of Examining Crafts", it is recorded that one should examine [00:16:42] the materials and processes to assess the skills. What kind [00:16:46] of materials are most suitable for what kind of artifacts? However, even the best systems and standards [00:16:50] ultimately need to be implemented in practice. [00:16:54] Next, let's verify this through an experiment. Okay, let's get a direct feel for it. [00:16:58] . Although these three artifacts [00:17:02] 。 [00:17:10] are completely identical in form, size, and dimensions, [00:17:13] there are differences in their manufacturing process and materials. [00:17:17] . [00:17:38] Sometimes he can even use this part [00:17:41] called Ge, which is also applicable today. [00:17:47] All right, let's do it. It's just me. Yes, yes, yes. [00:18:05] All right. This is a feeling. [00:18:19] Wow! It split open with one chop. [00:18:38] From my personal feel, the weights are all pretty similar. [00:18:42] Is it based on weight [00:18:45] ? No, the key here is the alloy ratio. [00:18:49] The "Records of Examining Crafts" records that four parts of copper and [00:18:53] one part of tin are used for Ge. Copper is 80%, [00:18:56] tin is 20%. [00:18:59] This makes its hardness and toughness the most standard. [00:21:20] With the name, the chain of responsibility becomes clear. Every [00:21:23] process is overseen by someone. This is the origin of the modern [00:21:27] traceable system. Thank you, Teacher Zhang. [00:21:31] . From systems to standards, from standards [00:21:35] to physical objects, the ancient "Lu Bu Wei Ge" (Lu Bu's Spear) allows us to feel [00:21:39] the surging and unwavering power of civilization. That is a country [00:21:42] that had already established this more than 2,000 years ago. [00:21:46] . . [00:24:20] Hmm. These symbols, we tend to believe, [00:24:24] were likely drawn by the Nanyue people themselves. It's not ruled out that the Nanyue people had their own writing system, [00:24:28] but it was later lost. [00:24:32] Thank you, Teacher Liu, for your wonderful explanation. [00:24:44] to the systematic construction at the institutional level, this was actually another [00:24:48] qualitative leap. Teacher Zhang. [00:25:17] More importantly, he linked personal honor to product quality. [00:25:20] A name is a lifelong treasure. This has transcended the constraints [00:25:24] of the system and risen to the level of cultural identity. [00:25:28] This logic is still inherited [00:25:32] in today's quality management system. [00:25:44] Whose name should be carved on it then? This leads to division of labor and collaboration. [00:25:47] . [00:25:50] In the Warring States period, handicrafts also developed rapidly, [00:25:54] and technology became more mature [00:25:58] and complex. [00:26:00] . [00:26:05] It recorded five types of artisans: woodwork, metalwork, [00:26:08] leatherwork, dyeing, pottery, and jade carving, [00:26:12] six categories of craftsmanship and techniques, nearly 30 types of technical [00:26:15] trades, requiring the cooperation of multiple trades to complete many [00:26:19] artifacts. If there is a problem in one link or one process, [00:26:23] then the quality of the entire piece will be affected. [00:26:27] So in such a collaborative project with so many people, whose responsibility [00:26:31] is it, and whose name should be carved? This is based on [00:26:35] the system of the "Ci Zhe" (inspector). The craftsmen who actually make it have [00:26:38] the "Ci Zhe" (inspector), and the management department also has its responsibilities. For example, [00:26:42] the Terracotta Warriors unearthed from the mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang, the Terracotta Warriors, [00:26:46] which are a marvel of the world, contain the "Wu Le Gong Min" [00:26:50] system. Let's first watch a short video to see the secrets [00:26:54] hidden in the names on the Terracotta Warriors. . [00:27:20] that your skills in Yue's generation are famous. [00:27:21] Neighbors all say you molded the pottery tiles, big brother? [00:27:28] I've been molding clay with my grandpa since I was little. More than half of the kilns in the surrounding areas [00:27:38] are from my hands. This time, I was able to come here to make [00:27:42] warriors. I also owe it to Brother Zhao for recommending me. [00:27:45] . [00:27:46] This is truly a blessing for a small person. [00:27:50] Don't you see? A warrior [00:27:53] is built layer by layer from the footplate at the bottom. [00:27:57] First, burn the footplate. Then, build the feet on the plate. [00:28:01] The feet are solid and support hundreds of catties of weight. [00:28:05] When it reaches the waist, change to coiling strips of clay to build up. [00:28:08] Finally, attach the head and hands. [00:28:12] From head to toe, it stands on that plate [00:28:15] and cannot be moved easily. If any section goes wrong, [00:28:19] the whole warrior has to be rebuilt. Each person is responsible for a section, [00:28:22] which saves trouble and makes it faster. Saves trouble. [00:28:26] You'll know when you try it. Your position is there. From today [00:28:30] on, you will specialize in making feet. [00:28:32] Feet? Isn't that too simple? In my hands, it's a matter of two or three strokes. [00:28:36] Simple. A matter of two or three strokes. [00:28:40] . [00:28:46] One step and it falls. Don't underestimate these feet. [00:28:49] . [00:28:54] Master, look. This time it's done, right? [00:28:56] . [00:29:03] No matter how well the surface is repaired, if the base cannot withstand the force, it's useless. [00:29:06] The clay in this foot is not compressed. [00:29:10] It looks neat now, but when you start building the legs and torso [00:29:14] on top, the entire warrior will [00:29:17] lean this way. Warriors in the army cannot just seek quickness. [00:29:28] . If you understand, then redo it. [00:29:33] Remember, it's not enough for it to just look right. [00:29:37] If the foundation is unstable, the more you build on it, the bigger the mistake. [00:29:41] . [00:29:56] not even a thread less. How much skill is hidden [00:30:00] in this small ball of yellow clay? [00:30:03] What we are molding in our hands is not clay, but people, [00:30:05] brave and vigorous warriors of the great Qin [00:30:21] with no way back. Behind us is our home and country, and before us [00:30:25] is life and death. Let me ask you, do you want [00:30:28] to become a qualified craftsman? [00:30:45] This is called "Wu Le Gong Min." For all manufactured items, [00:30:47] where it came from and who supervised its making must be recorded. [00:30:50] If something is made incorrectly, or if there are any problems later, [00:30:54] as long as you find this name, [00:30:58] you can find out everything clearly. If it's made well, [00:31:02] the credit is given under the name. If there are faults, [00:31:10] . . [00:31:14] The name carved on this [00:31:18] is the company's name. Every process done by subordinates [00:31:22] is ultimately borne by this name. [00:31:26] . [00:31:29] So carving a name is not just for posterity, [00:31:32] but for responsibility. You once asked me when [00:31:35] you could also carve your name on something. [00:31:39] . This warrior, from [00:31:43] head to toe, is yours. [00:31:47] Today, you can bear this responsibility. [00:31:51] You can do it. [00:32:12] Our warrior brothers come from different regions. [00:32:29] The masters from all directions worked together. Why can they be arranged into such a strict and grand formation? Because of rules. And because of our hearts as craftsmen. Brother Zhao. Will our names [00:32:32] be remembered? [00:32:34] . [00:33:02] he is responsible for everyone's work. Indeed, the name carved [00:33:06] signifies lifelong accountability. Therefore, today we have specially invited [00:33:10] a guest to explain the mysteries of the Terracotta Warriors in detail. [00:33:14] Let's give a round of applause. [00:34:15] is this body. Is the real Terracotta Army also divided by labor in this way? From archaeological discoveries, [00:34:19] this division of labor in the Terracotta Warriors is very clear. A single [00:34:23] Terracotta Warrior from head to toe cannot be completed by one pair of hands. [00:34:27] The torso is built up layer by layer using the coiling method, the head is sculpted separately, [00:34:30] and the arms and legs are also [00:34:34] made separately. Finally, they are glued [00:34:38] and assembled into one piece. Each artisan specializes [00:34:42] in their own skill and fulfills their responsibility. . [00:38:26] . [00:38:57] It took a total of 28 years to build. We [00:39:01] currently have an estimate, but the remaining length of the Ming Dynasty city wall is [00:39:04] 35.267 kilometers. We still have [00:39:07] 25.091 kilometers. We once made statistics. How many [00:39:11] bricks were used for this city wall? Each brick [00:39:15] was transported from five provinces in the middle and lower reaches [00:39:19] of the Yangtze River, but in the Ming Dynasty, it was 35 prefectures, [00:39:23] 11 prefectures, 174 counties, and [00:39:27] others. [00:39:57] This is a Ming Dynasty brick from Huangzhou Prefecture, Qizhou, Qishui County. [00:40:01] This is the brick with the most levels of official inscriptions currently found [00:40:05] on our city walls. It has a total of 11 levels [00:40:08] of officials, which means that the names of all 11 levels of officials responsible for this brick [00:40:12] are inscribed on it. [00:40:19] these three levels have six names on them. This means there are six levels of people. [00:40:23] In addition, the workers include [00:42:40] I brought a Ming Dynasty brick from the museum. [00:42:43] Everyone can do some tests. In addition, [00:42:47] we also brought a replica brick, [00:42:59] has a plastic side and a rubber side. We also use such [00:43:03] small hammers to test the bricks. It will not [00:43:12] This is in line with our regulations. We are protective. How old is this brick? [00:43:16] About 650 years old. So, imagine [00:43:20] how excited I am today. I'm using this hammer to tap [00:43:24] this brick that our craftsmen made more than 650 years ago. [00:43:27] . [00:44:07] one is louder. Brighter. [00:46:40] Then there's also the kiln master and kiln manager. This is specifically [00:46:44] for firing kilns, which also requires a lot of technical expertise. So there are two [00:46:47] people from your family here. [00:46:48] . [00:48:26] Welcome, Teacher Zhang. What kind of experiment [00:48:28] will you bring us today? We [00:48:32] did some physical mechanics experiments. This one [00:48:35] is for measuring the hardness of bricks. If its surface is scratched, then its rebound value [00:48:39] will be smaller. This is called a rebound tester. And this one [00:48:43] is called an ultrasonic testing instrument. [00:49:23] About 40. As you can see. Now the ultrasonic [00:49:26] waves. This is like giving the brick a physical exam. [00:49:30] Yes. You see this speed [00:49:34] is 1.8, [00:49:47] values? 1.836, [00:49:50] 1.786, 1.786. So let's have [00:50:52] . [00:50:57] Welcome, Teacher Xiao Wang. [00:52:31] Nanhai No. 1, and other such things. [00:53:35] Crossing the Strait of Malacca to the Indian Ocean, like these countries in South Asia [00:53:39] and regions, and the Persian Gulf. All the way to [00:53:43] the East Coast of Africa. [00:54:35] It says "Jinan Liu Family Gongfu Zheng" (Jinan Liu Family's Gongfu Needle). [00:54:39] Oh, it's selling steel needles. There's a rabbit [00:54:42] in the middle. Which rabbit? This side says "Ren Men Qian" (Ren Men Money), [00:54:46] "Bai Tu Er Wei Ji" (White Rabbit as a Mark). So, if you want to buy needles, [00:54:50] you should go to Jinan, this Liu [00:54:54] Family's "Bai Er Zi Hao" (White Rabbit Brand) to buy my needles. If another family also [00:54:57] calls itself Liu Family Needle Shop, then you should pay attention to whether their shop has the White Rabbit pounding medicine image. [00:56:05] This system has been established for thousands of years and still influences today's modern industrial [00:56:09] manufacturing. . [00:56:12] The Fuxing Hao (Rejuvenation) high-speed train embodies the "Wu Le Gong Min" of the new era. [00:56:16] Next, let's welcome Yao Zhihui, senior technician and electrician [00:56:20] from the Fuxing Hao assembly line, to explore the "Wu Le Gong Min" in the Fuxing Hao [00:56:43] Welcome, Teacher Yang. Hello everyone, I am an assembly worker for the Fuxing Hao. [00:56:53] So, in your opinion, how do you think the Fuxing Hao embodies the "Wu Le Gong Min" [00:56:57] in its manufacturing? In fact, in the production process [00:57:01] of the Fuxing Hao, every process has "Wu Le Gong Min." [00:57:49] The Fuxing Hao high-speed train project won the National Science and Technology Progress [00:57:53] Award, Special Prize. Since it began operation, it has accumulated [00:58:10] officer. Today my mission is to delve into the Fuxing Hao, [00:58:13] the entire manufacturing process, and uncover the clues hidden deep within the high-speed train. [00:58:52] CL plus five digits [00:58:54] This component is called measurement, CL [00:58:56] is its Chinese pronunciation [00:58:58] It starts from 0001, accumulating numbers [00:59:02] Then the names of the craftsmen of each relevant department are recorded in the new drawing [00:59:06] Why is there such a flow? Because at a speed of over 300 kilometers per hour, the impact force on the vehicle is all borne by the structure. [01:00:53] every cable will have a [01:01:01] then the tools assembled on and under the train [01:01:05] are the nerves and blood vessels of the train. For the tens of thousands of cables on the vehicle, [01:01:09] we will attach a dedicated work number and label, [01:01:12] ensuring that any connection [01:01:20] made artifacts and carved names for accountability, and now [01:01:24] they attach labels to pipes and processes. Behind these small labels [01:03:05] for a single screw to the technical breakthroughs in core components, [01:03:09] and then to the mass delivery of complete vehicles, financial guarantees allow [01:03:13] each enterprise to focus on public welfare [01:03:20] of the Fuxing Hao. It is no longer just an inscription on an artifact, [01:03:23] but a biometric data fingerprint, lines of cloud logs, [01:03:27] and real-name registrations. [01:03:53] After watching the short film, I was truly deeply moved. High-end manufacturing needs stable development, top-notch [01:03:57] craftsmanship, and smooth financial guarantees. Both are indispensable. [01:04:01] From the entire process of the Fuxing Hao, we can see that "Wu Le Gong Min" [01:04:05] has a brand new way of opening up in modern factories. That is, [01:04:08] the craftsmen dedicate themselves to guarding safety, [01:04:12] so that every signed [01:04:27] responsibility is deeply embedded in every step. [01:05:50] value that needs to be applied to each part of its screws is different. [01:05:54] Therefore, we use this intelligent torque wrench [01:08:34] It was the first independent exploration of EMU technology in China. From the entire vehicle body [01:08:38] structure to the equipment and tools on the train, everything relied on domestic production. [01:08:53] KDZ1, the preceding letters are the initials of our Chinese pinyin, and we have two explanations for it. One of them is a joke among ourselves, we say, [01:09:20] KKDC. [01:09:23] In the 1980s, there was no digital system, but at that time, when we recorded archives, it should have been handwritten, right? [01:09:37] drawing archive. It also introduces [01:09:39] KDZWE's entire R&D process. Hmm. . [01:10:12] Professor Xu, you can see the bottom right of our drawing, such as our [01:10:16] drawing personnel, review personnel, yes, [01:10:41] we can see our electric kettle. [01:11:13] Adopting advanced technologies such as ultra-island materials is currently our [01:11:16] country's completely independent research and development of ultra-fast transportation equipment. [01:11:26] such as the blue model in front of us, [01:11:30] which is our hydrogen energy urban rail train. We [01:11:34] also have hydrogen energy cultural tourism trains, and the fastest [01:11:37] hydrogen energy EMU. [01:13:35] the solemn commitment of "Wu Le Gong Min" in the new era at every node [01:13:44] what it felt like to participate in the Bird's Nest project. [01:13:48] That experience must have been a milestone for you, right? [01:13:52] . It's a project that is not understood. [01:15:54] I want to know [01:18:19] I built the Bird's Nest for my country, but when the actual [01:18:28] opportunity was very precious to them. They learned a lot of [01:18:42] explored this welding technique [01:18:46] and created a classic model of ultra-thick [01:18:49] welding. The Bird's Nest's welding seams are [01:19:42] who, with their love for the country, completed a world-class [01:19:54] file folder you brought today? [01:21:02] a steel dragon [01:21:47] Hello, Teacher Ke. I think it's necessary to take some time to introduce [01:21:51] Teacher Ke Fei's [01:21:59] and development of our country's first hard rock TBM, [01:22:03] achieving a breakthrough from zero to one in domestically produced hard rock TBMs. [01:22:07] Afterwards, [01:22:09] he presided over the research and development of the world's first dual-structure hard rock TBM "Xueyu Xianfeng" (Snow Jade Pioneer), [01:22:13] the first domestic high-pressure waterjet [01:22:16] hard rock TBM "Longyan" (Dragon Rock), and the world's first ultra-small radius [01:22:20] hard rock TBM "Wendeng" (Wen Deng) and many [01:22:23] other hard rock TBMs. [01:22:45] of the name [01:22:52] the difference between this hard rock TBM [01:23:20] Today, we also have a TBM on stage. . [01:24:01] This is a very encouraging thing, and I know that Hefei Hao is also the first domestic [01:24:05] hard rock TBM named after a person. [01:26:25] Once we encounter problems in the design and production environment, [01:26:29] we can go into the system and find a very [01:26:31] strict and traceable chain of responsibility. [01:26:35] . [01:26:36] No slack, no breaks. [01:26:40] We have established a three-pronged quality control system. . Even if it's about to leave the factory, as long as it's discovered, [01:26:44] . [01:26:47] That is, as the operator, after you finish, . [01:27:20] you must perform self-inspection according to the standard. [01:27:24] The second is that our operators must cross-check each other. [01:27:27] The third is the inspection by professional inspectors. If any of these three inspections are not qualified, the product will not be shipped. [01:27:31] I think this is definitely an upgraded version of the ancient "Wu Le Gong Min" because "Wu Le Gong Min" checks the composition of the body. [01:27:40] inspection, examination, testing. [01:27:50] Behind a major national artifact [01:27:57] salute all the builders on the front line. [01:28:01] Thank you for coming to our show. Thank you. [01:28:14] your trusted bank by your side. . [01:28:18] The second season of Chinese Craftsmanship [01:28:21] is exclusively sponsored by the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China. [01:28:25] . Millennial [01:28:28] craftsmanship, wisdom to create the future. [01:29:34] From the law of coin prevention to the words of the last month, Boron Gong Min achieved [01:29:57] from the traces of ingenious craftsmanship [01:31:03] Millennial craftsmanship, wisdom to