CCTV1 — broadcast
20261102 180000 UTC
251 transcript segments
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[00:00:44] When our ship conducts on-site observations in the North Pole, in addition to making synchronous satellite observations on the ice surface, in order to make up for the difference in scale between satellites and the ice surface, we will also
[00:00:48] use drones equipped with different sensors to conduct a detailed survey of the sea ice around
[00:00:52] the hull , as well as the sensors
[00:00:56] mounted on the shallow air .
[00:01:00] We can obtain information about the ocean and the bottom of the ice
[00:01:03] . Through such cross-disciplinary observation data
[00:01:07] from different layers from microscopic to
[00:01:11] macroscopic, we can build
[00:01:15] a rich, three-dimensional observation
[00:01:19] model. Through the establishment of this system, we have also tested many
[00:01:23] domestically produced observation equipment for multidisciplinary cross-research
[00:01:26] in Beijing. The research center, the school sent me to participate in
[00:02:00] this male scientific expedition. The main task was for me to
[00:02:04] serve a domestically produced equipment's first
[00:02:07] demonstration flight in the South Pole. We chose a good day.
[00:02:11] Before departure, we found that the weather that day was particularly good
[00:02:15] , so the route we planned
[00:02:18] was also the longest route of the entire scientific expedition that year. We used
[00:02:22] up 1601 seven or eight hours of flight time. Before getting on the plane,
[00:02:26] we habitually had to control water intake and eating.
[00:02:31] Because this kind of scientific expedition plane does not have a dedicated place. And we
[00:02:34] were wearing thick flight suits and a one-piece overalls, it was also difficult to
[00:02:38] go to the toilet on the plane, so we generally would eat and drink some water
[00:02:42] after getting off the plane to replenish energy. During
[00:02:46] this flight, we also encountered some unexpected situations. The original scheduled
[00:02:49] flight altitude was 3000 meters, and then our first phase of equipment was working
[00:02:53] stably .
[00:02:56] The indoor and outdoor
[00:03:30] temperatures were the same, so at that time
[00:03:34] I felt very uncomfortable,
[00:03:37] and the captain reminded us to quickly inhale oxygen, so I had an oxygen tube
[00:03:41] in front of my nose. At that time, when the oxygen came in, I felt so refreshed.
[00:03:45] Later, we reached an altitude of 5000 meters and flew normally for a period of time. After
[00:03:49] we eliminated the danger, we very smoothly completed
[00:03:53] the next few hours of tasks, and the data from this
[00:03:57] flight was also perfect. Although we encountered
[00:04:00] some difficulties of one kind or another, we finally
[00:04:04] overcame them
[00:04:06] .
[00:04:09] When I participated in China's 36th Antarctic scientific expedition,
[00:04:12] I was already a teacher . After arriving in Antarctica, I saw the Antarctic
[00:04:16] ice edge and was shocked by the magnificent natural scenery
[00:04:20] . At the same time, I also experienced what I had seen on the computer
[00:04:23] screen, these Antarctic sea ice , icebergs
[00:04:27] , and truly being on site
[00:04:31] to touch them personally and measure them personally
[00:04:35] , these phenomena truly brought a very
[00:04:39] different feeling. At that time, I made a decision in front of the Antarctic
[00:04:42] icebergs, hoping that my remaining life could be more
[00:04:46] exciting and that I could see more of the world
[00:04:49] . After returning from the Antarctic, I
[00:04:53] transferred to Sun Yat-sen University. At that time, it was because of this opportunity that Sun Yat-sen University
[00:04:57] took over this icebreaker , and we
[00:05:00] transformed it into a scientific research ship. I think this historical event is very
[00:05:04] crucial for the training of polar talents for our entire country
[00:05:08] . Therefore, I went from being a person
[00:05:12] relying on a platform to a person building a platform
[00:05:16] . Because our scientific research ship is a highly efficient
[00:05:19] scientific research ship, our main goals are two. One is
[00:05:23] to conduct scientific exploration. The second is that we will also undertake the role of
[00:05:27] popularizing science . Let's look at this
[00:05:31] deck. It's very large. Here there are orange
[00:05:35] steel support equipment . This
[00:05:38] is a folding crane . We see that there are parameters written on this folding crane. 20 meters.
[00:07:42] The polar scientific research icebreaker. When we organized the 2024
[00:07:46] North Pole scientific expedition, we also experienced many, many firsts
[00:07:50] . When I participated in the Antarctic scientific expedition, I was an ordinary team
[00:07:53] member. All the scientific expedition plans, I only needed to take care of
[00:07:57] my own needs. But when we organized
[00:08:01] the voyage ourselves, we encountered many difficulties. When we made our maiden voyage
[00:08:05] in 2024, there were 36 scientific expedition members
[00:08:08] from more than a dozen different universities and scientific research institutes.
[00:08:12] All of these scientific expedition members, we all have to take the sea survival training
[00:08:16] . In two weeks, we learned various escape skills, such
[00:08:20] as a ship fire, or water ingress, abandoning ship,
[00:08:23] how many enemies it has, where we should gather when we are in danger,
[00:08:27] what kind of reaction we should make, how to board our lifeboat,
[00:08:31] etc. These are all some skills
[00:08:35] that we should know in this extreme environment
[00:08:38] of the polar regions, in case of various unexpected dangers.
[00:09:16] In fact, the biggest challenge of scientific expeditions in Beijing
[00:09:19] comes from polar bears. Polar bears are inherently the dominant
[00:09:23] creatures in the Arctic. When we conduct scientific expeditions in the Arctic Ocean, we also
[00:09:27] have special emergency plans
[00:09:30] to prevent bears. We will also have a special
[00:09:34] cage. Some students say that this cage is used to hold polar bears.
[00:09:37] In fact, the opposite is true. These cages are used to hold scientific researchers
[00:09:41] . That is, when there are team members working on the ice,
[00:09:45] we will have another group of team members in our cockpit,
[00:09:49] and there will be lookouts in all directions
[00:09:51] .
[00:09:55] The main purpose is to distinguish if there are moving
[00:09:59] animals approaching. In fact, polar bears have white fur
[00:10:03] on their bodies, so they are very easy to camouflage in this broken ice
[00:10:07] and are very difficult to see. Once we find
[00:10:10] a polar bear approaching.
[00:12:25] Hello everyone, welcome to the first China Television Youth Open Class
[00:12:29] of CCTV. I am the host He Yanko. Welcome
[00:12:33] everyone .
[00:12:37] Today, we turn our attention to a very distant place, the two
[00:12:40] poles of the Earth. In fact, for many of us who have never been to the North or
[00:12:44] South Poles, it may be a mysterious place
[00:12:48] like a distant land. So, in the hearts of scientists, what kind of place are
[00:12:52] the North and South Poles ?
[00:14:03] In fact, seeing you, especially after watching this short film, because many of our
[00:14:07] colleagues also followed the Xuelong to interview for half a year, they
[00:14:11] also came back and told me that it was too difficult. Was there
[00:14:14] a moment when you doubted yourself, "Can I really do it?"
[00:14:17] At that time, I had also heard from
[00:14:21] my predecessors how scary the Westerlies were. Some people said
[00:14:25] to hold the bucket and keep vomiting. Some colleagues
[00:14:29] were lying in bed and couldn't get up, and it was even
[00:14:32] rumored that some were tied to the bed
[00:14:36] for fear of them jumping into the sea . Couldn't take it anymore.
[00:14:40] Yes. Then, I was relatively lucky
[00:14:44] when I experienced the Westerlies. Because with the development of
[00:14:48] scientific polar expeditions, our weather forecasts have become more and more accurate.
[00:14:52] So, when the ship passed the Westerlies, we actually
[00:15:25] passed through it in a short time. Yes, we describe it as swaying
[00:15:29] from side to side and rocking back and forth.
[00:15:33] So, it sways front, back, left, and right.
[00:15:36] How long does this state last?
[00:16:08] I am far away from home, far away from my relatives, far away from
[00:16:12] my familiar environment, and I have been away for such a long time. I went to the South Pole
[00:16:16] in November 2019, and then we had to take Xuelong and Xuelong 2 back
[00:16:19] home. At that time, my two children were still quite young. We
[00:16:23] left Zhongshan Station, and it was delayed for a month, and then we had to take
[00:16:27] the ship for 44 days to go back . So suddenly this time
[00:16:30] was more than two months before I could see them, so I
[00:16:34] called home. My two children were crying.
[00:17:37] Is there any other way to go back ? Then my son said,
[00:17:40] "Then you can still take the boat." But
[00:17:44] taking the boat might take longer, maybe more than a month
[00:17:47] . Then my daughter was even more playful. "Mom, you can still swim."
[00:17:51] So later, I guided
[00:17:55] them to find the answers themselves, and they could understand why I still
[00:17:58] had to wait so long to get home. So later, after calling
[00:18:02] and asking, they could understand.
[00:18:06] "Okay, Mom, we're
[00:18:13] waiting for you at home." In fact, for children, it's not just these two months,
[00:18:17] you may be absent for many months during their growth.
[00:18:21] Do they understand ? They understand and don't understand
[00:18:24] .
[00:18:32] But when they encounter difficulties, especially when they are sick,
[00:18:36] they will also complain. Yes, so
[00:18:40] when I went to the North Pole in 2024, before I left, they were
[00:18:43] also very reluctant and said, "Why do you always
[00:18:47] go? Can this be the last time?" But
[00:18:51] I reluctantly agreed
[00:18:53] . But I believe that when they grow up, they
[00:18:57] will be proud of you .
[00:18:59] Just now, I was watching your
[00:19:06] short film and listening to your story .
[00:19:10] I want to ask you. The first one is very
[00:19:14] . Besides scientific research tools, what
[00:19:16] personal items
[00:19:23] do you take to the polar regions
[00:19:26] for exploration ? One is to
[00:19:30] satisfy our appetite, right? We
[00:19:34] will definitely bring delicious food. The other is a fork and spoon
[00:20:50] . When we work in China, we may have to process 800 messages every day.
[00:21:12] Because you have collected a lot of data. We will be very anxious to see how
[00:21:16] these data are ?
[00:22:20] Also, let them come. First, who will come ? Okay
[00:22:23] .
[00:22:26] Hello host, hello Teacher Zhao. I am also from Jingzhou, Hubei. Fellow villager
[00:22:30] .
[00:22:33] At first, I was also in the record of China's great No. 2 icebreaker.
[00:22:36] Then I slowly recorded works, and then, starting from Southeast Asia,
[00:22:40] then to Europe, and finally to the South Pole. So amazing
[00:22:43] . Oh, you've been to the South Pole. Yes, I have been to the South Pole. Because it was my first time
[00:22:47] there, like the snow mountain and the glacier,
[00:22:51] especially the glacier, because it is really very lovely. At that time, I was taking
[00:22:55] pictures on the bed and took such a picture
[00:22:58] . Wow, it's so beautiful. Behind is a huge
[00:23:02] iceberg, and in front are small penguins
[00:23:04] .
[00:23:09] Generally, what we see are Adélie penguins, whose
[00:23:13] size is slightly smaller . When
[00:23:16] we were doing research in the snow,
[00:23:19] these penguins would simply walk past you,
[00:23:23] and some were very curious and would come to peck at what we were doing.
[00:23:27] And they are not afraid of people. And they run very fast.
[00:23:30] Once I wanted to take a picture with a penguin, and then the penguin
[00:23:34] ran a few steps and then slid on the ice with its belly, and
[00:23:38] it ran far away in an instant, and I couldn't catch up with it at all. In the North Pole,
[00:23:42] it's actually polar bears
[00:23:43] .
[00:23:49] Um. When our team members set off, we did safety training and saw
[00:23:53] that we must not feed polar bears. We also
[00:23:56] have a joke that if we really encounter a polar bear and have to run, I may not
[00:24:00] be able to run very fast, but as long as I am not the last one, it's fine
[00:24:03] . Polar bears actually move very fast
[00:24:07] . They are also very fast . Because I have seen polar bears
[00:24:11] in the zoo, when they stand up, they are very tall, so they may not
[00:24:15] be as cute as they seem
[00:24:18] .
[00:24:50] In this urban environment, it is affected by the entire Earth's
[00:24:53] climate system. This is also the most important reason
[00:24:57] why we go to the Arctic for scientific research. If the Arctic sea ice completely disappears
[00:25:01] in summer, it will significantly affect our Arctic shipping, and will also affect
[00:25:05] the entire Arctic Ocean ecosystem, such as polar bears
[00:25:09] and seals, which rely on sea ice to survive . These higher mammals
[00:25:13] may lose their homes. There are also some ocean
[00:25:16] creatures that will produce huge changes due to light conditions.
[00:25:50] I feel that your experience should be even more intense. Day
[00:25:54] after day, with the same scenery, will you feel bored? Will you feel
[00:25:57] unmotivated ?
[00:25:59] Open the half-door window,
[00:26:32] and outside the window is the sea and icebergs.
[00:26:36] Every day on the road, I would think, why was this iceberg here yesterday, and
[00:26:40] now it has drifted here today? Then our
[00:26:44] team members would even name the icebergs, saying, "This iceberg is mine,
[00:26:48] I want to call it something." We would find
[00:26:51] these unique joys in the daily scientific expeditions,
[00:26:55] and we would also be curious about some phenomena
[00:26:58] we discovered on site, because they are originally ours.
[00:27:32] To be honest, at that time, on the last day when I was walking back
[00:27:36] from completing the task, it was announced that we were returning,
[00:27:40] and on the way back, because the sea ice had already melted
[00:27:44] in the low-latitude areas, I was actually very disappointed,
[00:27:47] because I didn't know when
[00:27:51] I would be able to come back to the North Pole again. Full of reluctance. Yes, then
[00:27:54] that night I sat in my room and cried
[00:27:58] loudly. I think this is the difference between scientific researchers
[00:28:02] and us regarding such extreme environments. Perhaps for us, the most
[00:28:06] beautiful scenery may gradually become
[00:28:10] bland over time. But for scientists,
[00:28:14] this is an endless source of inspiration, because it is the fertile ground
[00:28:18] of science, constantly generating the motivation to continue research
[00:28:22] . I really admire you
[00:28:24] .
[00:28:30] Is there any other friend who wants to ask a question ? Come
[00:28:32] on, you. Hello host, hello Teacher Zhao
[00:28:36] . My name is Yang Tian, and I am a doctoral student at Sun Yat-sen University
[00:28:40] . It is an honor that I was also a teammate of Teacher Zhao
[00:28:43] on Sun Yat-sen University's second Arctic voyage in 2024. You two
[00:28:47] together .
[00:28:50] Yes. Today, I can be considered to be sharing a little secret. Because
[00:28:54] we lived together on the ship for more than 70 days of scientific expedition
[00:28:57] , everyone might have just felt that it was a very emotional
[00:29:01] and very
[00:30:33] wearing it and then crawling
[00:30:34] down.
[00:30:37] So I was thinking, just now, Teacher Zhao, you are also considered
[00:30:40] an old polar explorer, right ? How come in this
[00:30:44] situation, a piece of ice , a set of data,
[00:30:48] can still greatly arouse your spirit of exploration or curiosity
[00:30:51] ? Indeed, I remember what he said, because when we were conducting
[00:30:55] an Arctic expedition, it was under extreme
[00:30:58] conditions, that is,