CURRENTTIME — broadcast
20261012 083000 UTC
369 transcript segments
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[00:00:02] events that change the world, stories that
[00:00:06] cannot be missed, we analyze with you live, face to
[00:00:10] face with the event,
[00:01:34] From the highest peaks of Asia to the valleys downstream
[00:01:37] of rivers, how people and wildlife cope with
[00:01:41] climate change.
[00:01:54] Voices from the roof
[00:01:55] of the world.
[00:02:30] became a leader in the world anti-ratings for air
[00:02:32] pollution, in the world air pollution index Bishkek is in first
[00:02:36] воздуха Бишкек на первом
[00:02:38] place, December
[00:02:41] 17 2019,
[00:02:44] the city of Bishkek,
[00:02:47] oh my god, you see it,
[00:02:50] yes, there is no bazaar,
[00:02:53] damn it, I see the thermal power plant, I don't see anything
[00:02:57] else,
[00:03:13] the entire recent history of Kyrgyzstan is
[00:03:16] an uprising and migration of people in search of work.
[00:03:34] Since gaining independence, the government
[00:03:37] of Kyrgyzstan has been overthrown three times. The reason is the anger
[00:03:40] of the population against corruption and election fraud.
[00:04:09] The coups of 2004 and 2010
[00:04:12] were accompanied by the mass seizure
[00:04:15] of agricultural lands for
[00:04:17] construction.
[00:04:22] These lands were quickly turned into illegal settlements. Around
[00:04:25] Bishkek there are about 50 new buildings, which
[00:04:28] were nicknamed "adobe". In most of them there are problems
[00:04:32] with access to water, urban sewerage, there is no
[00:04:36] centralized heating or at least boiler rooms that would
[00:04:39] supply heat to the area, so they are forced to burn
[00:04:42] coal, part of what was seized is now
[00:04:46] legalized, 223,000 people live in the new buildings,
[00:04:49] how many households it is
[00:04:52] unknown, it seemed wild to us that you could
[00:04:56] come and put a Bozu there in the field, and put this...
[00:05:00] barrier, and then here on horses gallop in all
[00:05:03] directions, divide it like this, everyone put such stakes
[00:05:06] , put stones, everyone sat on their plot for weeks,
[00:05:10] self-seizure. continues
[00:05:13] now.
[00:05:17] Not all new buildings in Bishkek appeared as a result
[00:05:19] of self-seizure. And one of the oldest residential areas
[00:05:23] Archabishkek appeared on completely legal
[00:05:25] grounds, but nevertheless experiences all the same difficulties as
[00:05:29] the others. Lack of access to urban
[00:05:32] infrastructure using the cheapest
[00:05:35] dirty fuel to heat homes.
[00:05:39] Maripa didn't want us to show her, but she agreed.
[00:06:12] five or six sometimes, depending on sometimes it's
[00:06:16] warm, if the winter
[00:06:20] is warm, then
[00:06:21] five,
[00:06:24] I'll hold it,
[00:06:33] for the
[00:06:33] chats,
[00:06:39] not cleaning either, right.
[00:06:42] there will be smoke, it won't burn, yes in the house, yes, yes, and how
[00:06:46] often do you need it, twice a month, but lately
[00:06:50] mechanized cleaning of stove pipes has become
[00:06:53] popular,
[00:06:57] everything that is scooped out of the pipe is thrown into
[00:07:00] the air,
[00:07:04] right away with this
[00:07:06] for
[00:07:10] drainage.
[00:07:30] We call this dust, and you also
[00:07:33] sell it, how much
[00:07:36] does it cost?
[00:07:40] Smog from coal burning is not a new
[00:07:43] problem, the head of the Kyrgyz SSR wrote about this in his memoirs about
[00:07:46] 1958.
[00:08:01] In the first place, one of the largest new buildings of the republic, the Trunskaya
[00:08:05] TPP, will already in 1960 give power
[00:08:09] to the industrial enterprises of the capital of Kyrgyzstan.
[00:08:13] To stop the unrestrained climate change, many countries
[00:08:17] are now promising to abandon coal burning for electricity
[00:08:20] generation. Bishkek's TPP produces
[00:08:23] 90% of the city's electricity,
[00:08:26] burning 1 million tons of coal per year, but power plant
[00:08:30] officials say it is environmentally
[00:08:32] friendly. In
[00:08:35] a distant land
[00:08:38] of beauty yes.
[00:08:44] native winds,
[00:08:47] flying after him,
[00:08:48] beloved
[00:08:52] city in blue smoke
[00:08:55] China,
[00:08:58] now you can watch this, on the left side, these are
[00:09:02] called electrostatic precipitators, we have
[00:09:05] 10 of them in total, these are not just some
[00:09:08] small structures, but if you look up, here it is... speaking
[00:09:27] in simple terms, inside the electrostatic precipitators there are
[00:09:29] grids, they are charged positively and
[00:09:32] negatively, at the entrance to the electrostatic precipitator there is a coronating
[00:09:36] filter, it charges the ash positively,
[00:09:39] the ash, when it passes through the negatively charged grid, sticks to
[00:09:43] it, there is also a shaking mechanism, it shakes off
[00:09:46] everything that has stuck to the grid, all this falls into these
[00:09:50] kettles, yes, the electrostatic precipitator, here it
[00:09:52] works, this ash, it falls
[00:09:55] from there, here it is and leaves from here, and then everything
[00:09:59] goes to the ash dump, the efficiency of this filter is 98%.
[00:10:12] So, if the smoke is filtered, where does the
[00:10:15] smog come from?
[00:10:20] Move Green activists tried to find out using portable
[00:10:23] sensors. We have the State Agency for Environmental
[00:10:27] Protection and Forestry, which is responsible for legislative policy in the field
[00:10:31] of environmental protection. I remember our first meeting, they thanked us so much,
[00:10:35] saying that we were such good people, we had such an active
[00:10:38] civic position, and that we helped him a lot
[00:10:42] to finally put this issue on the political agenda, and
[00:10:46] the rhetoric changed literally a year later. Every year we faced the same
[00:10:49] problem, that is, we showed data that,
[00:10:52] for example, in October or November...
[00:11:45] MPO never issues this information purely
[00:11:48] on its own, if they don't understand something, they turn to
[00:11:51] specialists, and at least for the duration.
[00:12:26] and here the sources no longer cause doubt, that is,
[00:12:30] people came home and lit stoves,
[00:12:33] and it jumps approximately twice as high as the
[00:12:37] daytime maximum, which occurs at
[00:12:41] 101 hours of the day. Now the new leadership
[00:12:44] of the state agency is not trying to deny the presence of smog,
[00:12:48] but no matter how many times we tried to contact her, there was
[00:12:51] no contact.
[00:12:55] The cake is located in a basin with poor ventilation, so
[00:12:58] the smog that forms today is trapped by an inversion layer
[00:13:02] of cold
[00:13:02] air,
[00:13:07] many talk about the wind rose, and why
[00:13:10] the wind rose appears, thanks to these, as
[00:13:14] everyone now knows, more
[00:13:17] through these two gorges, imagine what energy
[00:13:21] comes from here and through these obstacles passes and...
[00:13:25] everything was blown away, so the city is like
[00:13:28] you can see them, look, like air
[00:13:31] currents, they are water, air
[00:13:34] currents,
[00:13:39] smog has formed, it cannot leave
[00:13:43] the city for a long time, because
[00:13:46] our city planning is disrupted,
[00:13:50] that brilliant person who first
[00:13:53] laid out the streets of our city, they all went
[00:13:57] from south to north and were, were absolutely
[00:14:00] straight, and these streets, they were as if
[00:14:03] ventilated, now they built
[00:14:07] parallel houses along the southern highway, which absolutely do not let in this
[00:14:11] air, but now
[00:14:14] the inversion layer of warm air, all new
[00:14:17] construction captures smog, Bishkek has been gripped by a
[00:14:20] construction boom, all the best places have started
[00:14:23] to be built up with elite housing. Since Soviet times, the city's population
[00:14:27] has grown from 500,000 people to 1 million. The lack
[00:14:30] of social and economic prospects in the regions forces
[00:14:34] people to move not only to Russia, but to the largest center
[00:14:37] of economic activity in the country -
[00:14:39] Bishkek. The state could not preserve
[00:14:43] the public transport system. Up to 70%
[00:14:47] of passenger traffic is carried out in minibuses, whose place is
[00:14:51] in the landfill, but their place in the landfill was taken by buses.
[00:14:56] The city was designed for 5000 cars, now
[00:15:00] officially in Bishkek there are 500, and
[00:15:03] then also about minibuses, the Ministry of Internal Affairs said at a meeting that
[00:15:07] minibuses are only about
[00:15:10] 2-3% of the total number, they cannot pollute
[00:15:14] so much, well, this is also foolish,
[00:15:17] because it does not depend on the number of cars, it depends on how much it
[00:15:20] travels, well according to.
[00:15:37] all the time, that is, for every kilometer -
[00:15:40] exhaust is emitted, smog, and minibuses are
[00:15:44] converted cargo vehicles, which, well, in
[00:15:47] other countries that monitor emissions, are not even allowed
[00:15:50] in the center, I want to
[00:15:53] breathe, I want to breathe, I am for a
[00:15:56] clean city, I am for a clean city, I am for
[00:16:00] clean air,
[00:16:03] foo, it seems to me that this is our first event, like a political
[00:16:07] rally. in the form of an art exhibition,
[00:16:10] last time, the artist Rada Valentin Pizy came here, she
[00:16:14] brought her comic book, you can find
[00:16:18] her today, and it seemed to me then that it was very
[00:16:22] cool that artists also somehow react, then I saw a lot
[00:16:25] on social networks, on Instagram, with the hashtag Bishkek smog,
[00:16:29] they post drawings, here we have children's drawings that are
[00:16:32] presented, these are
[00:16:35] students of a Bishkek school, they drew a superhero who
[00:16:39] will help us cope with the smog, and I liked it so much,
[00:16:42] and I thought, why are we only on
[00:16:45] social networks, yes, many are not even registered there, yes,
[00:16:49] and as you know, art also affects people on other
[00:16:53] levels, yes, that is, it is a cry from the soul on the one hand,
[00:16:56] on the other hand, it is easier to perceive
[00:17:00] the message
[00:17:00] itself.
[00:17:18] The city landfill not only receives, but also
[00:17:20] gives. It gives methane and other gases to the Bishkek smog.
[00:17:36] Ecoactivist. Tushakov made a tour to the Bishkek landfill for
[00:17:40] Bermet,
[00:17:46] so it turns out you've been familiar with the landfill topic for a long time,
[00:17:50] about five years, uh-huh, when I first
[00:17:54] came, it was certainly a big
[00:17:57] discovery for me,
[00:17:59] how could such a terrible
[00:18:03] object be located
[00:18:05] near the city. in fact, ecocide, because
[00:18:08] and genocide, because
[00:18:12] people live here, children are born
[00:18:16] here, it's terrible to see when you come here, children
[00:18:19] playing in the alleys who breathe,
[00:18:23] imagine, this stench, last year they didn't talk
[00:18:26] so much about it as they do this year, I noticed
[00:18:30] that from every iron there is smog, smog, smog, smog,
[00:18:34] even state channels, some kind of
[00:18:38] even international ones, we,
[00:18:41] unfortunately, you know, so far officials
[00:18:44] do not pay attention to the demands and complaints
[00:18:47] of local citizens, but
[00:18:50] for some reason they are servile
[00:18:53] when someone abroad,
[00:18:56] something, somewhere there, they react so painfully to it,
[00:19:00] they immediately start trying to react to it, what
[00:19:03] their own citizens had been saying for 10 years, drawing attention,
[00:19:16] his prime minister arranged a meeting, then you
[00:19:20] know, we have a problem with the succession
[00:19:23] of power in Kyrgyzstan, that is, what some
[00:19:26] promise, others no longer
[00:19:29] do, they just promise again, that is,
[00:19:32] the succession of such wretchedness, when the data appeared,
[00:19:36] people started...
[00:20:07] there was nothing, not a single material. In Kyrgyzstan, many people are sick,
[00:20:11] coughing, many are sick, who have
[00:20:14] shortness of breath, who have chronic lung diseases, and we
[00:20:17] proved that the cause is not only
[00:20:20] smoking, but one of the main causes is indoor air
[00:20:23] pollution. These results
[00:20:26] are published in one of the very prestigious English-language
[00:20:30] journals in Europe, they are still very
[00:20:33] widely discussed, because until the results
[00:20:36] obtained. by us, these were contradictory
[00:20:39] data, now we have already received quite
[00:20:43] convincing ones, from the beginning of winter to the end of winter
[00:20:47] I always cough and especially.
[00:20:50] when they heat the house, sometimes this stove we have at home,
[00:20:53] sometimes there are holes there, we close these holes, but
[00:20:56] sometimes when we forget about the stove, through these
[00:21:00] holes, these fumes start to come out, then I
[00:21:03] feel very bad, I have to stand in that room
[00:21:07] right next to the open window to breathe, almost
[00:21:11] these neighbors, this about two years ago
[00:21:14] started a business, they короче they burned a lot of baths,
[00:21:17] I constantly notice something else...
[00:22:20] type heard, yes, listen to the smog,
[00:22:37] we are engaged in an information company, we educate
[00:22:40] citizens, Bishkek residents, guests of the capital, in general,
[00:22:42] Kyrgyz people.
[00:22:58] when the air is really very dirty, I wear
[00:23:01] masks, and they filter
[00:23:04] PM 2.5, and these masks
[00:23:07] literally after a few uses become
[00:23:11] much dirtier,
[00:23:14] well, it's obvious that dirt accumulates
[00:23:17] and it even becomes scary, and after
[00:23:21] running, unfortunately, even when you clean your throat,
[00:23:24] nose, there is already such ash coming out,
[00:23:28] well, what can you do, we live in the city center and we need to
[00:23:31] train somehow, I don't
[00:23:35] want to quit sports, so we choose
[00:23:38] a
[00:23:40] those places where there are fewer cars, where there are more trees,
[00:23:44] yes, these are parks, these are small
[00:23:47] streets or even along the river. well,
[00:23:51] you see, there are a lot of trees, but here,
[00:23:54] as it were, there are a lot
[00:23:56] of residential buildings, they all
[00:24:00] heat with coal and it's noticeable when the weather
[00:24:04] is very cold, the temperature drops, then
[00:24:08] the air immediately becomes worse, for example, I
[00:24:11] ride my bike around the city, with
[00:24:15] a stroller, despite the lack
[00:24:18] of infrastructure. and if there was some
[00:24:21] infrastructure, then I am sure that many
[00:24:25] more people would want to switch to bicycles,
[00:24:28] because there are actually a lot
[00:24:31] of cycling enthusiasts, even in such big races, in
[00:24:34] cycling races, you see hundreds, hundreds
[00:24:38] of people,
[00:24:42] there was one study, we did a survey, a survey
[00:24:46] of drivers, a survey of pedestrians, how much...
[00:24:50] concerned, are they willing to switch to public transport, if such
[00:24:54] is found, if to bicycles,
[00:24:58] and well, approximately 1/3,
[00:25:01] well, depending on the group, from 30 to 40%
[00:25:04] of respondents were ready to switch to either public transport or bicycles, yes,
[00:25:08] if there are normal conditions.
[00:25:12] A terrible incident was recorded on this wide highway,
[00:25:15] showing why fear for road
[00:25:18] safety stops people from switching to bicycles.
[00:25:35] Bishkek is a city where it is inconvenient to get around
[00:25:38] for everyone. Everything was done to motivate people to use
[00:25:42] private cars. The cycling community tried to promote
[00:25:45] the sustainable transport project of Bishkek, which would
[00:25:49] take into account the needs of all road users
[00:25:51] and changes in priorities for
[00:25:54] alternative modes of transport. Ideas
[00:25:57] were presented to two prime ministers and their
[00:26:00] assistants. In words, everyone supported it, but in reality nothing
[00:26:03] was done, many said that the project's implementation
[00:26:07] would take too long, but several
[00:26:10] years passed and nothing was done, well, and
[00:26:13] in order to solve
[00:26:17] the transport problem, that is, you cannot
[00:26:20] move chaotically, that is, just expand
[00:26:24] roads for cars,
[00:26:26] or prohibit
[00:26:30] minibuses from entering the city center, we need a proper
[00:26:33] transport strategy, when the interests of all
[00:26:37] participants in urban traffic will be taken into account.
[00:26:52] Paradoxically, the main weakness and main strength
[00:26:55] of Kyrgyzstan is human resources. On
[00:26:59] the one hand, state administration is degrading. and the
[00:27:03] principle of negative selection operates. On
[00:27:06] the other hand, society can consolidate and start solving
[00:27:09] its problems independently.
[00:27:12] During quarantine, people collect and distribute
[00:27:15] humanitarian aid, establish production, and
[00:27:19] help doctors. On the one hand,
[00:27:21] the economy is in decline, the country covers the budget deficit
[00:27:25] through external loans. On the other
[00:27:28] hand, people pack their bags and go to work in...
[00:27:50] The state also strongly believes in the power of the people, it naively proposes
[00:27:54] to the people to raise funds to repay the external
[00:27:56] debt, the people will gather and solve this
[00:28:00] problem as well.
[00:28:03] but I would like them to be helped, not with endless
[00:28:07] conferences, round tables, or the creation
[00:28:11] of working groups, whose
[00:28:14] results are useless
[00:28:34] papers, but really. without prohibitions
[00:28:37] or restrictions, currently in Telegram, everything in one place, on a convenient platform
[00:28:40] free from censorship, Telegram channel - real
[00:28:44] time, subscribe, share with friends,
[00:28:48] a small country, from resources, the beauty of mountains,
[00:28:51] sea, sun, but citizens here so confidently
[00:28:55] dream of a green energy future,
[00:28:58] that the government changes laws, how is
[00:29:01] this possible? And for you, electricity is now
[00:29:05] completely free.
[00:29:08] We wanted to tell you about Croatian folk energy. Perhaps
[00:29:11] there is something to learn here? Here people are forcing changes
[00:29:15] in laws, and that's
[00:29:16] wonderful.
[00:29:23] No protected person may be punished
[00:29:26] for an offense committed not by him personally, collective
[00:29:30] punishment, as well as any measures of intimidation or
[00:29:34] terror are prohibited, robbery
[00:29:37] is prohibited, reprisals against
[00:29:40] protected persons and their property are prohibited.
[00:30:36] Guard, collective farmer or poisoner, reform
[00:30:39] of the main security agency. The main
[00:30:42] actor in the so-called reform
[00:30:45] is the head of Rosneft, Igor Sechin. Alexander
[00:30:48] Bortnikov is retiring. According
[00:30:51] to one version, Putin does not want a professional
[00:30:55] FSB officer, well, that is, a professional leader, to head
[00:30:58] this structure, because it is.