DDNEWS — Science Spark
20260808 170000 UTC
391 transcript segments
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[00:00:00] Hello. Suppose two different students in a class are
[00:00:07] stroke, brain
[00:00:25] given the same intricate math problem even in the most adverse circumstances. to solve, a problem that even the world's
[00:00:29] greatest mathematicians haven't been able to solve
[00:00:35] To understand this complex problem, because breaking them is very difficult for decades, and both students not only solve that problem overnight, but also present two entirely
[00:00:39] different, unique, and accurate ways to prove it.
[00:00:42] What would you say? Surely,
[00:00:46] you would consider it the greatest miracle of the human mind, wouldn't you?
[00:00:49] But what if I told you that this time this historic
[00:00:53] feat was not accomplished by a human mind, but by Artificial Intelligence,
[00:00:58] with youthful enthusiasm millions of years ago. or AI? Yes. A piece of news has emerged from the world of science
[00:01:02] that has not only surprised scientists worldwide but has also forced them to think.
[00:01:05] Recently, researchers have shown
[00:01:09] how with the help of AI, not one but two different
[00:01:12] mathematical proofs of a highly complex and
[00:01:17] behind every 'what' old problem in the world of cryptography, that is, data security and codes,
[00:01:21] have been discovered. In such a situation, it is natural to ask
[00:01:25] whether the meaning of discovery
[00:01:28] has now changed in this era of AI.
[00:01:31] Will scientific discoveries no longer be solely
[00:01:34] human achievements, but will AI alone start making new discoveries
[00:01:38] tomorrow? And the biggest question is, if
[00:01:41] AI can also
[00:01:44] with Padma Shri, think, understand, and solve complex problems, then what will a genius mind do?
[00:01:48] Let's understand this in detail in a very easy and exciting way
[00:01:52] in this special segment of Science Spark.
[00:01:55] First, let's understand
[00:01:58] what this discovery is
[00:02:00] and what the motive behind it is.
[00:02:03] Actually,
[00:02:05] this discovery is related to cryptography, that is, the mathematics of securing digital information.
[00:02:09] Today, whenever you make a payment with UPI,
[00:02:12] use internet banking, send an encrypted message on WhatsApp,
[00:02:15] Struggle... or enter your password on a website,
[00:02:19] Now it is rebar highly complex mathematical principles are at work behind it.
[00:02:22] Working on one of these difficult mathematical problems,
[00:02:25] rebar for a strong nation. When you go a PhD researcher from the Massachusetts
[00:02:28] Institute of Technology (MIT), America,
[00:02:31] and two cryptography experts from the University of California
[00:02:35] sought help from Open AI's advanced AI
[00:02:39] model GPT 5.6 Sol
[00:02:42] Ultra. Their goal was not just to find
[00:02:47] attitude towards those who protest the answer to a question, but to understand whether AI could discover new
[00:02:51] mathematical paths that the human mind had not yet
[00:02:54] reached. The surprising thing was that AI showed the way
[00:02:58] to prepare not one but two different mathematical proofs
[00:03:02] for the problem, and after this,
[00:03:05] scientists deeply investigated both methods
[00:03:09] and proved them to be mathematically correct.
[00:03:12] This means AI alone did not make the discovery,
[00:03:16] but it showed scientists new ideas and new paths
[00:03:20] through which a complex cryptography problem that had been unresolved for years
[00:03:23] could be proven in two different ways. This is why this
[00:03:27] achievement is considered not just a success in mathematics, but the beginning of a new era
[00:03:31] of scientific discovery through the partnership of AI and human
[00:03:34] intelligence. So,
[00:03:37] how did AI make such a decision when AI only works
[00:03:40] under instructions? This
[00:03:43] is the most interesting aspect of this entire event.
[00:03:47] Actually, AI did not make any decisions
[00:03:51] on its own like humans, nor did it develop curiosity
[00:03:54] or emotions. Researchers simply instructed
[00:03:58] it to help understand this difficult cryptography problem
[00:04:02] and find mathematical patterns or potential paths
[00:04:05] that could lead to a solution. After this,
[00:04:09] AI rapidly analyzed millions of possibilities
[00:04:12] based on billions of words, mathematical concepts, and arguments
[00:04:16] learned during its training. In this process,
[00:04:19] it suggested new ideas and arguments
[00:04:23] that no researcher had previously paid attention to. These suggestions
[00:04:27] later formed the basis of two different mathematical proofs.
[00:04:30] This means AI did not break the rules, but
[00:04:34] worked within the given objective.
[00:04:37] Look, this was not an ordinary mathematical problem,
[00:04:41] but a highly complex mathematical puzzle in the world of cryptography.
[00:04:44] Cryptography is the science thanks to which
[00:04:48] our bank accounts, UPI payments, online shopping,
[00:04:52] it keeps its brain emails, messages, and government digital systems remain secure.
[00:04:55] In this research, scientists
[00:04:57] were trying to understand a difficult mathematical
[00:05:01] problem related to pseudorandomness.
[00:05:03] on the body's needs This puzzle was related to cryptography, that is, the mathematics of securing
[00:05:06] information in the digital world.
[00:05:10] Rajam is considered To put it simply, whenever you send money
[00:05:12] via UPI, do internet banking, send messages on WhatsApp,
[00:05:16] or enter a password on a website, very difficult mathematics
[00:05:20] is used to keep your information secure.
[00:05:24] In this research, scientists were working on such a mathematical problem,
[00:05:27] which was related to understanding how to create
[00:05:31] numbers or digital patterns that appear completely random,
[00:05:35] but are actually formed by a secure mathematical
[00:05:39] rule. Such patterns are considered the backbone of cybersecurity,
[00:05:44] for hackers.
[00:05:48] scientists sought the help of AI. AI analyzed
[00:05:51] millions of potential mathematical paths and provided new clues
[00:05:55] with the help of which researchers prepared two
[00:05:59] different mathematical proofs for one problem,
[00:06:03] in which the first proof was based on traditional mathematical
[00:06:06] principles, while the second proof, with
[00:06:10] the help of completely new, unexpected, and given clues, researchers prepared two
[00:06:14] different mathematical proofs for one problem,
[00:06:18] in which the first proof was based on traditional mathematical
[00:06:21] principles, while the second proof came from a completely new,
[00:06:25] unexpected, and original perspective, which
[00:06:29] human researchers had never considered before. This was not
[00:06:32] a simple calculation, but a mathematical argument,
[00:06:36] that is, mathematical cryptography, technology. Let's understand it in an even
[00:06:39] easier language with an important example.
[00:06:43] How does cryptography actually work, and what did AI
[00:06:46] do in it?
[00:06:49] Cryptography means safety. Safety means
[00:06:53] a lock on your information. Understand this with the example of a lock
[00:06:56] and key. Imagine the lock on your house is so
[00:07:00] unique that only you have the key to open it. Now,
[00:07:04] the job of mathematicians is to create a lock
[00:07:07] that no thief can open, no matter how hard they try.
[00:07:11] Cryptography does something similar; it uses mathematics to put
[00:07:15] such a digital lock on your information that only the correct
[00:07:18] digital key can open it. In this research,
[00:07:22] AI did not try to break the lock, but tried to understand
[00:07:25] how such a strong lock was made.
[00:07:29] AI analyzed millions of mathematical rules and potential designs,
[00:07:32] looked at different ways to make this lock strongest
[00:07:36] based on what principles, and if there could be a new
[00:07:40] way to explain it. During this, it provided new mathematical
[00:07:44] clues with the help of which scientists prepared
[00:07:47] two different mathematical proofs for the strength of that same lock.
[00:07:51] Now the question arises: if AI makes such discoveries,
[00:07:55] what will happen to human capabilities? At first glance, it might
[00:07:59] seem that if AI starts making new discoveries,
[00:08:03] the need for humans will decrease.
[00:08:06] But the reality is completely different. AI has extraordinary speed.
[00:08:10] There is no limit;
[00:08:12] it can analyze millions of possibilities in a few hours,
[00:08:16] but it does not have human-like curiosity,
[00:08:19] imagination, experience,
[00:08:23] or the understanding of what impact a discovery will have on society
[00:08:27] and humanity. In this research too, AI only suggested new mathematical paths,
[00:08:30] but it was human scientists who decided
[00:08:34] which idea was correct, which could be proven,
[00:08:38] and which discovery was actually important. This means AI
[00:08:41] can be an extremely powerful assistant, but setting the objective of discovery,
[00:08:45] asking the right questions, understanding the results,
[00:08:49] and using them for the benefit of humanity is still the greatest strength of humans.
[00:08:52] Therefore, the future will not be human versus AI,
[00:08:56] but a partnership between humans and AI, where AI will not
[00:08:59] replace our intelligence, but will make it
[00:09:03] many times more capable. So, overall,
[00:09:07] this achievement of AI is not just a new discovery in mathematics, but
[00:09:11] a sign of the changing landscape of science. Today, AI
[00:09:13] is showing researchers new paths; tomorrow, it may
[00:09:17] even help solve puzzles that humans have been trying to understand
[00:09:21] for centuries, because the greatest discoveries of the future
[00:09:25] will perhaps not be the result of a single mind, but a major
[00:09:29] identification of the partnership between humans and AI, and will make mysterious
[00:09:32] discoveries even easier.
[00:09:35] Today,
[00:09:55] in the world of fitness, one mantra is heard most often:
[00:09:59] eat more protein, be healthier.
[00:10:02] From gym trainers to social media
[00:10:04] influencers, everyone is recommending a high-protein diet.
[00:10:08] Even in supermarkets, protein-rich milk, yogurt,
[00:10:12] tea, coffee, biscuits, chips, and even ice cream are being sold.
[00:10:16] But what if science says that too much protein
[00:10:20] is not beneficial for everyone, but in some circumstances,
[00:10:23] eating less protein can even slow down the aging process of the body?
[00:10:27] In such a situation, can a person really stay healthy
[00:10:31] for a longer time by eating less protein? What is the science behind this,
[00:10:34] and should we change our diet?
[00:10:37] Let's understand the full story of this new research
[00:10:41] in easy language in this special segment
[00:10:44] of Science Spark. First, let's know what this new
[00:10:48] research is and what scientists found
[00:10:50] in it.
[00:10:53] In fact, scientists from the University of Wisconsin-Madison
[00:10:57] in America reviewed more than 300 scientific
[00:11:00] studies published worldwide. Most of these researches were conducted
[00:11:04] on mice and other laboratory animals. Scientists observed
[00:11:07] that animals that were given about 0.8
[00:11:10] grams of protein per kg according to their body's needs
[00:11:14] remained healthier in many cases compared to animals
[00:11:17] that were given about 1.2 to
[00:11:20] 1.6 grams of protein per kg. In one
[00:11:24] study, mice that ate less protein lived for about 120
[00:11:28] days, that is, more than 50% longer.
[00:11:31] Scientists say that when less protein is received, the body's focus shifts
[00:11:35] from rapid growth to self-repair, cleaning damaged
[00:11:39] cells, and reducing internal inflammation.
[00:11:42] However, researchers have also clarified that these
[00:11:46] results are still mainly observed in animals, and larger studies
[00:11:49] are needed before considering them completely accurate in humans.
[00:11:53] How can
[00:11:56] eating less protein slow down the aging process? Let's
[00:12:00] understand
[00:12:03] this with the example of a house. If you keep building new floors
[00:12:06] in your house all the time, but never repair the old walls,
[00:12:10] the house will gradually weaken.
[00:12:14] Something similar happens with the cells of our body. When we
[00:12:17] eat too much protein, the body continuously receives signals
[00:12:21] to make new cells and grow rapidly.
[00:12:25] But when only the necessary amount is received, the body
[00:12:28] goes into repair mode. During this, the FGF21
[00:12:32] hormone increases, which helps maintain better blood sugar
[00:12:36] and reduce old cells and inflammation-causing cells.
[00:12:40] Meanwhile, the biological system named
[00:12:44] mTORC1 slows down a bit.
[00:12:47] This system usually signals cells to grow rapidly.
[00:12:51] When its activity decreases, instead of making new cells,
[00:12:55] it spends more energy on repairing,
[00:12:58] cleaning, and maintaining old cells.
[00:13:02] Scientists believe that this process can slow down the aging
[00:13:05] process and also reduce the risk of many age-related diseases.
[00:13:09] Does this mean
[00:13:12] that we should stop eating more protein now?
[00:13:16] No,
[00:13:19] not at all. This is the most important
[00:13:22] point of this entire research. Scientists say that these
[00:13:25] conclusions do not apply equally to every individual.
[00:13:29] If you regularly go to the gym, play sports,
[00:13:33] do heavy physical labor, or want to keep your muscles strong
[00:13:36] as you age, then your body may need more protein.
[00:13:40] But if your lifestyle is mostly sedentary
[00:13:44] and you are still consuming far more protein than needed,
[00:13:48] then getting additional benefits is not necessary. Directly applying
[00:13:51] these to humans would not be correct. That is, science
[00:13:55] is not currently saying that a high-protein diet is wrong, but it is saying that
[00:13:58] everyone's needs are different, and anything in excess
[00:14:01] is not beneficial. In the future, this research
[00:14:05] can change our lives in what way?
[00:14:08] If studies on humans
[00:14:10] in the coming years also prove the same, then this research
[00:14:14] can change the direction of nutritional science. In the future, doctors
[00:14:17] will not only tell how much protein to eat, but will also determine
[00:14:20] what quantity and type of protein a person of what age,
[00:14:24] health condition, and lifestyle
[00:14:27] should consume. Scientists are now also researching
[00:14:31] whether the same benefits can be achieved by reducing only certain
[00:14:35] amino acids like isoleucine and valine
[00:14:39] instead of reducing the entire protein.
[00:14:42] If this becomes possible, new medicines and diet plans
[00:14:46] may be developed in the future that can help slow down the aging
[00:14:49] process while keeping the body healthy. Overall, this research
[00:14:53] encourages us not to fear
[00:14:55] more protein, but to understand
[00:14:59] it correctly. For now, it is certainly true
[00:15:03] that the secret to a healthy life lies not just in more protein,
[00:15:07] but in correct and balanced nutrition according to the body's needs.
[00:15:11] Science has not fully solved the puzzle of aging with less protein,
[00:15:15] but it is certainly telling that the path to a long life
[00:15:19] passes not only through eating more, but through eating wisely,
[00:15:22] because after all, the best diet is one that is based
[00:15:28] and scientific understanding. This
[00:15:30] is India,
[00:15:36] more than a country, it is a civilization.
[00:15:40] Here, many things changed with time, but its
[00:15:44] soul never did. From Vedas to science,
[00:15:47] from religion to democracy, in every
[00:15:51] era, India has given something new to the world.
[00:15:55] And in every era, a question has arisen: how is India
[00:15:58] so new despite being so ancient?
[00:16:02] This is the story of India, where every yesterday
[00:16:06] is connected to today, and every today
[00:16:10] holds the seed of tomorrow. Join me in
[00:16:13] discovering the unbroken story of a timeless
[00:16:17] civilization. Every first and third
[00:16:20] Sunday of the month at 9 PM,
[00:16:24] only on DD News. Think
[00:16:27] of that star that twinkles at night,
[00:16:31] whose light traveled
[00:16:34] Do you know that a genius is hidden
[00:16:38] in your cell's DNA? Have you ever
[00:16:42] wondered how your heart beats?
[00:16:46] Science is not just in books;
[00:16:50] it is all around you. Know the 'how'
[00:16:55] that will give a new spark to your scientific thinking
[00:16:58] and open the door to a new world.
[00:17:02] That is Science
[00:17:06] Park. Rajam
[00:17:10] is considered a synonym for violin
[00:17:13] today. He is counted among those
[00:17:16] rare great artists who have been honored
[00:17:22] Padma Bhushan, and now Padma Vibhushan.
[00:17:26] It is a tradition in our family
[00:17:29] that as soon as a child turns three years old, whether a girl
[00:17:33] or a boy, we give them a violin.
[00:17:37] At that time, everyone used to play the violin
[00:17:40] in the style of vocal music. My guru
[00:17:44] was very happy that she was trying
[00:17:48] to bring the vocal quality into instrumental music.
[00:17:53] It is a struggle. There is trouble.
[00:17:56] She doesn't take it like that.
[00:17:59] The courage
[00:18:01] to achieve something,
[00:18:03] the power of youth,
[00:18:07] a new flight for startups, with youthful enthusiasm
[00:18:11] and new thinking, changing.
[00:18:15] The chief guest at the convocation ceremony,
[00:18:18] he rewarded meritorious students who had shown
[00:18:22] excellent academic performance. At the same time,
[00:18:25] he dedicated the Param Pragya supercomputing facility
[00:18:29] established at IIT Delhi's Sonepat campus
[00:18:32] to the nation. The Prime Minister said that in a rapidly changing world,
[00:18:36] every era brings new challenges and new opportunities.
[00:18:40] Now, the epaulette shark's biological mechanism
[00:18:44] works how? Imagine
[00:18:47] that when a machine has low power,
[00:18:51] its power-saving mode turns on.
[00:18:54] Similarly, the epaulette shark also uses
[00:18:58] amazing science to conserve oxygen
[00:19:02] in its body. As soon
[00:19:04] as the oxygen level
[00:19:06] in the water drops, the epaulette shark dilates
[00:19:10] its blood vessels. By doing this,
[00:19:14] its blood pressure drops to half,
[00:19:18] that is, up to 50%. As soon as the blood pressure drops,
[00:19:20] its body starts pumping more and more blood and oxygen
[00:19:24] to vital organs like the brain and heart.
[00:19:28] With the help of this incredible process,
[00:19:31] this shark remains safe for hours even
[00:19:35] in that warm,
[00:19:37] suffocating place. And as soon
[00:19:41] as high tide comes and new oxygen-rich
[00:19:45] water fills up more, this shark returns
[00:19:49] to its normal mode and starts moving.
[00:19:52] For scientists, this survival
[00:19:56] mechanism is nothing short of a miracle. Now the question
[00:20:00] arises: what is the significance of this discovery
[00:20:03] from the perspective of science and technology? Look, this is the question
[00:20:07] that has baffled marine biologists
[00:20:11] and medical scientists worldwide. In humans,
[00:20:15] during a stroke or heart attack, when the oxygen supply
[00:20:18] to the brain or heart stops, cells immediately start dying,
[00:20:21] and the person dies or becomes paralyzed.
[00:20:25] But the epaulette shark, in the way
[00:20:29] and heart safe even without oxygen,
[00:20:33] scientists are hoping for new revolutions
[00:20:36] in medical science by studying it.
[00:20:40] Scientists believe that if the genetic
[00:20:43] and neurological mechanism of this shark
[00:20:47] is deeply understood, then in the future, new medicines
[00:20:50] and therapies can be developed to protect
[00:20:53] humans from lack of oxygen during
[00:20:57] damage, and cardiac arrest. So, overall,
[00:21:00] the epaulette shark is not just a strange
[00:21:04] creature, but it is nature's amazing laboratory that teaches us
[00:21:08] how to survive
[00:21:11] Walking on the seabed with its leg-like fins
[00:21:15] and then protecting its brain without oxygen
[00:21:18] makes it its most important survivor.
[00:21:22] Today, science is trying to learn
[00:21:25] a lot from the amazing qualities of this shark and is also doing research
[00:21:29] that if such qualities are developed in humans
[00:21:33] and other living beings, then the lives of humans and other living beings
[00:21:36] can be saved in time and they can be made
[00:21:40] the fittest to survive, which can prove to be the biggest
[00:21:43] revolution in medical science
[00:28:02] He attended the convocation ceremony as the chief guest.
[00:28:06] He awarded meritorious students who had shown excellent academic performance.
[00:28:09] He also dedicated the Param Pragya Supercomputing
[00:28:12] facility established at IIT Delhi's Sonepat campus
[00:28:15] to the nation. The Prime Minister said that in a rapidly changing world,
[00:28:19] every era brings new challenges is full of potential opportunities,
[00:28:23] so students need to focus more on solutions.
[00:28:26] है,
[00:28:29] The BJP has raised serious questions against the Aam Aadmi
[00:28:32] Party government in Punjab regarding misuse of government
[00:28:36] machinery and law and order. The BJP has alleged that there is an
[00:28:39] atmosphere of fear among common people due to incidents like paper
[00:28:42] leaks, extortion, and violence in Punjab. The BJP says
[00:28:46] that the Aam Aadmi Party government's
[00:28:49] peacefully for their demands is also not right.
[00:28:52] है.
[00:28:56] Union Home Minister Amit Shah is on a visit to Maharashtra. The
[00:28:59] Home Minister inaugurated the new office building of NUCFDC
[00:29:03] and said in the program that the urban cooperative banking system
[00:29:07] is getting stronger. He also said that the importance of August 8
[00:29:11] in the freedom movement of the country, on this very day
[00:29:14] Mahatma Gandhi gave the slogan
[00:29:16] of Quit India.
[00:29:19] A public interest litigation has been filed in the Supreme
[00:29:23] Court regarding alleged irregularities in the Jharkhand
[00:29:27] Public Service Commission's Combined Civil Services Examination
[00:29:30] 2025. This petition filed by social activist Harisharan
[00:29:34] Devgan demands an independent investigation into the irregularities
[00:29:38] in the examination process. The petition requests the Supreme Court
[00:29:42] to get this matter investigated
[00:29:45] by the CBI. In Karnataka, BJP and JDS have decided
[00:29:48] to take out a joint padyatra against the Congress government's
[00:29:52] proposed Bidadi Township project. This padyatra will start from Bidadi
[00:29:56] for three days on August 9, 10 and 11.
[00:30:00] BJP workers will participate in the protest.