ERR — broadcast 20261012 113000 UTC 448 transcript segments Google Cloud Speech-to-Text API (Chirp) + Gemini 2.5 Flash Non-Thinking Data courtesy of The GDELT Project (https://www.gdeltproject.org/), from the Internet Archive TV News Archive. Machine transcription. Treat it as a searchable index of what was broadcast, not a verbatim quotation record. [00:00:00] which guarantees me, the citizen, [00:00:02] the confidence that my contribution to making Estonia's future better [00:00:05] is similar to that of my fellow citizens and that we all [00:00:09] also share in this better future in a similar way. [00:00:30] graduated from the Estonian University of Life Sciences [00:00:32] in 1981 and received [00:00:36] his scientific degree in 1987. [00:00:39] For several years, the active natural scientist Karis worked [00:00:43] in research centers in Germany, the United Kingdom and [00:00:46] the Netherlands. In 1999 [00:00:50] he became a professor at the University of Tartu. [00:00:53] He has promoted higher education as the rector of both the Estonian University of Life Sciences [00:00:57] and the University of Tartu, and led the rector's [00:01:00] council. Alar Karis has also worked as the Auditor General of the Republic [00:01:04] of Estonia. When he became a presidential candidate, [00:01:08] he was the director of the Estonian National Museum. [00:01:11] On October 11, 2021, the [00:01:14] Riigikogu elected Alar Karis as the President of the Republic [00:01:17] of Estonia. [00:01:21] What I hope to see more of are debates [00:01:25] in the Riigikogu and in society, discussions, expressing [00:01:29] one's own views and listening to others, [00:01:32] whether the topic is climate or the green transition, [00:01:36] energy and tax policy, budget or [00:01:40] forestry, or even the choices [00:01:43] of the European Union and the development of the defense forces. [00:01:46] There are no taboo topics to [00:01:49] debate. Dogmas and bureaucratic language, [00:01:53] political correctness chain freedom of thought, without [00:01:56] which no solutions that lead us forward will be born. [00:02:01] "Tension can short-circuit society, relations [00:02:04] between countries and within countries, [00:02:08] between people and within [00:02:10] people. The current situation [00:02:13] is that the virus, to the tension. [00:02:17] energy prices, and also [00:02:20] our [00:02:21] eastern neighbor are all adding [00:02:25] The world that we still knew a week [00:02:27] ago is [00:02:30] no more. [00:02:32] President Putin's decision to send the Russian army to attack [00:02:36] the country of Ukraine [00:02:39] brought war back to the heart of Europe. [00:02:53] In the shadow of the crises of recent years, various [00:02:56] governments have increased state spending [00:02:58] without explaining where the money for them will be taken [00:03:02] from in the long run. [00:03:04] Not only one-off extraordinary expenditures have increased, [00:03:08] for example during the corona crisis, [00:03:10] but also fixed costs. [00:03:13] We should get used to the practice that if someone [00:03:16] wants to increase the state's fixed costs, then [00:03:20] they also show which tax increase or cut [00:03:23] in public benefits it can be [00:03:26] done with. Again, parties promise to distribute... [00:03:30] aid here and there, [00:03:33] but like Easter and self-gifts, the next [00:03:36] governments have to look for where the money will come from [00:03:39] to pay for them. [00:03:41] This way we are taking from our children [00:03:44] and grandchildren. Education needs a cross-party [00:03:48] agreement, a necessary number of motivated [00:03:51] teachers, and sufficient funding for [00:03:54] all of this. Education determines the future [00:03:57] of the nation, wisdom makes one rich. [00:04:00] Spiritually and economically, we [00:04:03] need to talk about mental health, [00:04:07] the mental health of young people. Young people [00:04:11] break down more and more often, and for every one who breaks down, there are [00:04:15] thousands more who need help and [00:04:17] support. The pandemic has amplified the problem: [00:04:21] distance learning, face to face, the drying [00:04:25] up of social contacts, the decline [00:04:28] of hobby education. The growth of mental health concerns [00:04:31] among both young people [00:04:34] and adults has many more accumulated [00:04:38] reasons behind it. We often don't know how to maintain [00:04:42] relationships with loved ones, we lack people to turn to for [00:04:45] help, young people are often ashamed to [00:04:49] seek help and are left [00:04:52] alone with themselves. But above all, we don't talk about [00:04:56] this topic enough, we don't understand the seriousness of the problems [00:05:00] and we don't know how to notice those in distress [00:05:03] and tend to consider their worries a sign [00:05:06] of weakness. These worries are not weakness, [00:05:09] they are real worries. [00:05:13] We have gained a new word, [00:05:16] "cluster crisis." Speculation is being made [00:05:20] about when this crisis, which is integrated [00:05:23] from several sectors, will end. I don't [00:05:27] know, nobody [00:05:29] knows. The peculiarity of the uncertain [00:05:33] time that has arrived may be that [00:05:36] crisis and normal situations are no longer distinguishable [00:05:39] in the same way. The power of the majority. "One should not [00:05:43] start to deepen societal divides until they [00:05:47] are truly insurmountable. [00:05:50] One thing is to remain in the minority, another [00:05:53] thing is to feel that the views represented [00:05:56] by the opposition are not even [00:05:59] worth discussing or taking seriously. [00:06:03] This is one reason why, in my opinion, the government cannot [00:06:06] unlimitedly use the possibility of linking the adoption [00:06:10] of a bill in parliament [00:06:12] with a confidence vote. [00:06:15] The role of the Riigikogu cannot be limited to deciding whether [00:06:18] the government is trusted. [00:06:21] On the other hand, obstruction cannot give a veto [00:06:24] to the minority. If the legal [00:06:27] work of the Riigikogu gets stuck, then [00:06:30] the opposition also has no point in striving [00:06:33] for power. Then the state as [00:06:36] a whole pays the price, not just some [00:06:39] party. [00:07:05] We are a border country of freedom, but we must not become [00:07:09] a front-line country. Our opponents, [00:07:12] "no matter how insane, will not dare to attack NATO [00:07:16] territory, because they know that we will strike [00:07:19] back harder, because our real [00:07:22] readiness, our collective contribution, [00:07:26] is what makes Estonia a safe place. Therefore, [00:07:30] my message is unified, let's not think or speak [00:07:34] ourselves weaker than we [00:07:36] are. [00:09:38] want to learn, and therefore perhaps we have trained [00:09:41] too many specialists, which is [00:09:43] tragic in a way, that you go to study for your dreams [00:09:47] and then at some point you enter the labor market and realize [00:09:51] that you have no value. [00:09:54] I would like to manage my own company with such complexity. [00:09:57] I think we would be bankrupt quite soon. The most [00:10:01] expensive savings, tonight at Eight [00:10:05] on Estonian [00:10:05] Television. [00:10:35] And good day, dear viewers of Estonian Television. We [00:10:38] begin a live broadcast from Toompea, where in a few moments the inauguration [00:10:42] ceremony of the President of the Republic will begin. On the square [00:10:45] in front of Toompea Castle, for the change of presidents [00:10:49] of the Republic, the leadership of the Defence Forces and the Defence League, [00:10:52] the military police guard battalion, [00:10:55] an honor company and an honor guard, and [00:10:57] a military orchestra are lined up. It's a gloomy [00:11:01] and wet autumn day, but the flags all over Tallinn are flying quite [00:11:04] proudly. We are about to see a historic ceremony, which [00:11:07] last took place five years ago, when Kersti Kaljulaid [00:11:11] handed over the baton to Alar Karis. The rule [00:11:15] is very simple: if the same president is re-elected, [00:11:18] ceremony again in ten years. During today's [00:11:21] ceremony, the guard battalion's company [00:11:25] inspection will take place twice, first by the outgoing [00:11:28] head of state, Alar Karis, and then by the next president, Ülle [00:11:32] Madise. We will listen to the anthem, the outgoing president [00:11:36] will greet the honor company and shake hands with the leaders [00:11:40] of the Defence Forces and the Defence League, after which they will proceed to the [00:11:43] Riigikogu building, where Alar Karis will deliver his last speech [00:11:46] of his term. The solemn [00:11:48] signal will sound. [00:12:16] And we see how the presidential motorcades are moving [00:12:19] from the city center towards Toompea, specifically [00:12:23] the cars of President Alar Karis and the elected President Ülle Madise [00:12:26] are moving from the lower town up to Toompea [00:12:29] and people have come to greet the presidents [00:12:32] on the street, although there are few of them today [00:12:35] due to the weather, but the institution of the president [00:12:39] is very trustworthy in Estonia and the personal support [00:12:43] for the still-serving President Alar Karis [00:12:46] is very high. This is, by the way, a good opportunity to thank the president for his work [00:12:50] and to give the next president the best wishes [00:12:54] upon taking office. And indeed, the office of president is not an easy one, [00:12:58] that's true, Mirko, by the way, academician, textile artist Anu [00:13:01] Raud has said that being president is no walk in the park, [00:13:05] workdays last until midnight, life is diverse [00:13:07] from wall to wall, from a manor house in Kodukondi [00:13:11] to the English Royal Family and on Christmas night, with the flashes of church gloves [00:13:14] in the holy place, to the Son of God. Alar [00:13:17] Karis's presidency will probably be characterized [00:13:20] by three keywords: education, [00:13:23] science and... curiosity. In numbers, this means [00:13:27] 122 foreign visits, [00:13:30] 42 hosted heads of state, [00:13:34] 517 promulgated laws, [00:13:37] nearly 700 speeches, 969 [00:13:41] decorations, and countless meetings [00:13:44] in schools, businesses, and all regions [00:13:47] of Estonia. But now, ladies and gentlemen, the most [00:13:50] solemn moments of today's ceremonial [00:13:54] ceremony are if Mirko described the ceremony earlier, [00:13:58] what happens here, then [00:14:00] after that, when they go to the Riigikogu, Ülle Madise will take the oath of office, the president will receive [00:14:04] the chain of office around her neck, and the new president will also deliver her [00:14:08] first speech before the Riigikogu. Well, Ülle Madise actually showed [00:14:12] already when she was elected that her speeches are of strong stuff. There were [00:14:16] both figures, direction and momentum, and [00:14:19] in her characteristic way, there was a, well, let's say, [00:14:23] strong demandingness, but not in a scolding [00:14:25] tone, so perhaps it can be even [00:14:29] more effective, but the cars are arriving here [00:14:33] in front of the Toompea [00:14:34] castle. [00:14:39] The President of the Republic Alar Karis and the elected President Ülle Madise [00:14:43] with their spouses exit the cars. The doors are opened by [00:14:47] the conscripts of the Guard Battalion's Honor Company and [00:14:50] the presidents move to their places, accompanied by a solemn [00:14:53] march, under the leadership of Urmas Eigla, the Head of Protocol [00:14:56] of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. [00:15:02] The solemn march was written by Eero Liivese, who was formerly [00:15:05] Johannes Eduard Liinev before estonianization, [00:15:08] for a solemn march [00:15:11] competition in 1922. [00:15:14] And the President of the Republic Alar Karis is the first to go [00:15:18] to inspect the honor company, [00:15:21] he is also accompanied by aide-de-camp Colonel. [00:17:43] And now, the President of the Republic Alar Karis is going to inspect [00:17:46] the honor company, and as mentioned, the two people who are [00:17:50] by his side are, first, Rein Vaabel and [00:17:53] the commander of the honor company, Andrei Bankratov. [00:17:56] The president naturally greeted the military orchestra and gave a slight [00:17:59] bow to the flag. This is the [00:18:02] protocol and that's how it [00:18:04] works. [00:18:07] But for Rein Vaabel, today is also, among other things, his last [00:18:10] working day as an aide-de-camp, and he is ending a long [00:18:13] career. Ülle Madise's aides-de-camp are Major Tanel [00:18:17] Tarlap and Kristian Leiman. Hello! [00:18:21] Hello! Mr. [00:18:24] President! Thank you for your [00:18:27] service! [00:18:28] Thank you! [00:18:32] The Guard Battalion is also called the President's Guard, and its [00:18:36] task is to. prepare police units and [00:18:39] perform the state's representational function, [00:18:42] conscripts also staff the President's official residence. [00:18:45] Words of thanks from the President, naturally, and the President greets [00:18:49] the leaders of the Defence Forces and the Defence League, Lieutenant General Andrus [00:18:52] Meriloo, Commander of the Defence Forces, Major [00:18:55] General Viktor Kalnitski, Deputy Commander [00:18:57] of the Defence Forces, who has also been to Afghanistan [00:19:00] three times, then Vahur Karus, also [00:19:04] Major General, Chief of the General Staff, Ilmar Tamm is the Commander [00:19:07] of the Defence League since December 2023, Major General [00:19:11] Indrek Sirel, Division Commander, [00:19:13] then Brigadier General Riivo Valge, Commander [00:19:16] of the Air Force, Commodore Ivo Värk, [00:19:19] Commander of the Navy, and then Chief Master Sergeant Andreas [00:19:23] Rebane, Chief Master Sergeant of the Defence Forces, who took over duties from Enn Adoson [00:19:26] and Andri Harkman is Chief Master Sergeant of the Defence League, participated [00:19:30] in military operations in both Afghanistan and [00:19:33] Iraq, by the way, in the Defence Forces since 1994. [00:19:40] and rain, well, let's say it's slightly drizzling, but it's not too bad, [00:19:43] but the presidents are now [00:19:46] moving to Toompea Castle, where [00:19:49] they should be greeted by the Speaker [00:19:53] of the Riigikogu, Lauri Hussar. [00:19:56] Alar Karis will deliver his last speech of his term [00:20:00] in the Riigikogu in a few moments. The presidents [00:20:03] are moving into the Riigikogu courtyard. This will be followed by Ülle Madise's oath of office. The president [00:20:07] will be given the chain of office and then the first speech of the newly inaugurated [00:20:11] president. The presidents are accompanied by the Head of Protocol [00:20:14] Urmas Eigla, who then escorts Alar [00:20:18] Karis and his wife Sirje Karis and the elected [00:20:22] president and her husband, i.e. Ülle Madise and Lauri [00:20:25] Madise, to the main gate and from there [00:20:28] everyone moves to Toompea Castle [00:20:32] accompanied by Lauri Hussar. Keep these [00:20:35] shots on screen. We don't see two presidential couples every day, these are truly solemn and [00:20:39] uplifting moments and now the Speaker [00:20:42] of the Riigikogu, Lauri Hussar, [00:20:46] greets the presidents and it is worth [00:20:49] reminding viewers that Estonia is first and foremost a parliamentary [00:20:52] country, so the ceremony [00:20:54] is indeed centered on parliament, yes, and [00:20:58] are approaching, that democracy is all in our hands, [00:21:01] the presidents are entering the venerable Riigikogu [00:21:04] building, then it will be a few moments [00:21:08] until [00:21:11] the solemn session of the Riigikogu begins, [00:21:14] we can still follow [00:21:15] with cameras for a bit. [00:21:19] Also a quick comment from the Speaker [00:21:21] of the Riigikogu, we are very efficient [00:21:24] today. [00:21:27] Ülle Madise, unlike Alar Karis, has [00:21:30] a big advantage when it comes to parliament, namely that Ülle Madise [00:21:33] has in her previous working life worked [00:21:37] in the Estonian parliament, [00:21:39] advising both the legal and constitutional [00:21:43] committees. But [00:21:47] now, dear viewers, our capable editors have [00:21:50] done their work and we have a good opportunity to [00:21:53] look back at President Karis's most exciting [00:21:56] moments in office via video. [00:22:03] 70, 71. [00:22:07] 72. Five years ago, the Riigikogu elected [00:22:10] Alar Karis as president in the second round, as he was the only [00:22:13] candidate. The rector of two universities, [00:22:16] the auditor general and the director of Ermi were known for his office. [00:22:20] by, Mr. President, the President's [00:22:24] attitudes and priorities are shown by his speeches. On Alar Karis's [00:22:27] first Republic Day speech, Russia started the war [00:22:31] in Ukraine. [00:22:34] The war in Ukraine and security in Estonia, and also in Europe, were the same topics [00:22:37] that the President spoke most frequently about in his anniversary [00:22:41] and Rose Garden speeches. There were also quite a few [00:22:45] times when the Ukrainian president [00:22:47] and Alar Karis met. [00:22:50] Three elections took place during this time: the Riigikogu, the European Parliament [00:22:54] and local elections. Karis did not have unanimous support from either the coalition [00:22:57] or the opposition. We will not back down. [00:23:01] The list of laws alone that the president sent back [00:23:04] to the Riigikogu is quite long. These included the Employment Contracts Act, [00:23:08] the Military Service Act, the much-debated Church [00:23:12] Act, as well as the Red Monuments Removal [00:23:15] Act from public spaces and the Family Benefits Act. [00:23:18] The reason was that these were not in compliance with the constitution [00:23:21] or contained technical flaws due to haste. Karis was not [00:23:25] also not happy that the government increasingly linked more laws [00:23:28] to a confidence vote. [00:23:31] The then Prime Minister Kaja Kallas explained that the coalition wanted [00:23:34] to discuss, but linking it to confidence was a consequence [00:23:37] of the opposition's obstruction in the Riigikogu. [00:23:40] During the Eastern traffic scandal, President Karis believed that the then Prime Minister [00:23:44] Kaja Kallas should resign. Kallas, however, asserted [00:23:47] that she did not understand what she was guilty of. In his [00:23:50] speeches, Karis urged politicians to engage in dialogue and listen [00:23:54] to the people, simply because in this confusing situation a very clear message was needed. Relations between Foreign Minister [00:23:57] Markus Tsahkna and President Alar Karis were strained for a longer [00:24:01] period. This context also included confusion [00:24:04] with foreign policy messages during Karis's state visit [00:24:07] to Kazakhstan. Disagreements also arose after Karis's [00:24:10] interviews with foreign media, where Karis said that a representative [00:24:14] of the European Union should also participate in discussions to end the war [00:24:18] with the USA, Ukraine, and Russia. [00:24:20] The Foreign Minister was also annoyed by the sentence that Ukraine must decide on the possible [00:24:24] cession of its territory to Russia at some point [00:24:27] itself. [00:24:30] At the same time, the president was asked if he wanted to run [00:24:33] for a second term. Karis left the options open, and politicians [00:24:37] thought he would run anyway. [00:24:40] In his speech at the Victory Day parade, he said [00:24:43] that. [00:24:51] And it is appropriate to say hello to the listeners of Vikerraadio, today [00:24:55] is the day of presidential change in the Republic of Estonia, [00:24:58] which means that two cars arrived here [00:25:01] from Kadriorg Palace, and in one car is today's [00:25:05] president and in the other [00:25:08] car is the next President of the Republic of Estonia, [00:25:11] and here in the Riigikogu building [00:25:14] their exchange will take place, and we have the opportunity [00:25:18] to offer you fresh [00:25:21] and immediate interviews. Our colleague Kristus is now [00:25:24] ready, [00:25:27] and good day, next to me here is the most [00:25:30] senior member of the Riigikogu, Enn Eesmaa. Well Enn, a president [00:25:34] is elected [00:25:37] at least once every five years, sometimes even less often, [00:25:40] how important a solemn event is this for you, [00:25:43] so important that even when repeated, this event [00:25:46] does not fade and... [00:25:50] "I am in a peculiar situation, I, along with Urmas [00:25:53] Reinsalu, are the only members of the Riigikogu in this composition [00:25:57] who have had a direct official or professional relationship [00:26:00] with all Estonian presidents who have been elected [00:26:04] in re-independent Estonia. I worked in Lennart Meri's team, [00:26:08] Urmas Reinsalu became the director of the chancellery a little [00:26:11] later. Arnold Rüütel invited me to be his [00:26:14] advisor, but I decided to come [00:26:17] to the Riigikogu and all the other presidents I have [00:26:20] already elected as a member of the Riigikogu. Is the feeling [00:26:24] today the same as it was during Lennart's time? [00:26:27] The country is different, the people have also changed a bit, but [00:26:31] overall, even a person with limited [00:26:35] imagination understands that this is an exceptionally [00:26:38] important day. Mr. Eesmaa, what kind [00:26:41] of President of the Republic will we get in Ülle Madise? I think that all [00:26:45] the prerequisites are there for her to become [00:26:49] an excellent president who will hold an [00:26:53] honorable place in this long [00:26:56] line. The Estonian people have decided that of the previous presidents, [00:26:59] Leenard Meri has been the most successful. I also repeat [00:27:03] again, the time was different, [00:27:06] just the fact that Ms. [00:27:09] Madise is a very great [00:27:12] expert in Estonian constitutional law, [00:27:15] and this already distinguishes her from other presidents, because one of her [00:27:19] main areas of [00:27:23] work is to ensure that everything happens [00:27:26] according to the constitution. Thank you. [00:27:29] There are still moments until the beginning [00:27:33] of the solemn session Madise was elected the next President [00:27:36] of the Republic of Estonia in the first round of the Riigikogu with 71 [00:27:40] votes, and she will be the sixth president since the restoration [00:27:43] of independence, after Lennart Meri, Arnold Rüütel, Toomas [00:27:47] Hendrik Ilves, Kersti Kaljulaid and Alar Karis. But [00:27:51] now Evelin Poolamets and Kristjan [00:27:54] Pihl are ready for an interview. And next to me is indeed [00:27:57] Ekre representative Evelin Poolamets. Well Evelin, [00:28:00] does the fact that many Ekre members are here today, [00:28:04] I've even seen them celebrating in the cafe, mean that [00:28:08] Ülle Madise is the president of all Estonian people and [00:28:12] also represents Ekre not, Ülle Madise [00:28:15] will have to prove that, but at the same time, when I think [00:28:19] again that Ülle Madise has been the most [00:28:22] competent in legal matters of all previous [00:28:26] presidents, her election has been accompanied [00:28:29] by the greatest legal nihilism, well. let's take, for example, her [00:28:33] candidacy while in the office of Chancellor of Justice, and [00:28:37] also that little bird, which was supposed to be an unfinished cross, [00:28:41] adds a certain prejudice to her entire [00:28:44] candidacy period. Well, Ülle [00:28:47] Madise herself has pointed out that there is a lack of trust [00:28:50] in the Estonian state, what do you think, where should this trust start [00:28:54] to be built? Well, with such methods it is [00:28:57] not possible to build, and if we look again at what [00:29:01] Alar Karis said in his last interview, one can only [00:29:04] sympathize with the president that he was forced to lie [00:29:08] about Rail Baltic or how he [00:29:11] had to remain silent, even though he would have wanted to speak, that [00:29:15] the separation of powers is not present here [00:29:18] and we cannot talk about trust in this [00:29:21] matter either. And a big thank you, just a moment ago [00:29:24] two Estonian presidents passed behind us, Alar Karis and [00:29:28] the soon-to-be appointed Ülle Madise, so these [00:29:31] solemn events are about to unfold before [00:29:35] us. We are awaiting the beginning [00:29:39] of the solemn session of the Riigikogu. I think I am not exaggerating when I say [00:29:43] that Estonia has actually been lucky with its presidents and they have been [00:29:46] strong, well, especially in their own time. [00:29:50] But the results of many of their actions and decisions also resonate in today's [00:29:53] day. But Alar Karis decided not to run for a second term, [00:29:57] thoroughly shuffling the deck. [00:30:00] He noted that he decided not to run for personal [00:30:03] reasons, he had promised his family five years [00:30:07] ago that he would only serve one term, while, for example, [00:30:10] the newly appointed director of the presidential chancellery, Paavo Nõgene, expressed [00:30:14] the opinion on Vikerraadio a few days ago that if Karis had wanted [00:30:17] to become president, he would have also received the necessary support. [00:30:21] But now everything is ready [00:30:24] for the solemn session, speeches will be given, [00:30:27] and Ülle Madise's oath of office will be heard, [00:30:31] and we will also hear the anthem for the second time, [00:30:34] but the session will be chaired by the Speaker of the Riigikogu, Lauri Husser. [00:30:38] Esteemed Riigikogu, respected President [00:30:42] of the Republic of Estonia Alar Karis with his spouse, respected [00:30:45] President-elect Ülle Madise with her spouse, [00:30:49] President Toomas Hendrik Ilves, President [00:30:52] Kersti Kaljulaid, Mr. Prime Minister, [00:30:56] Ministers, constitutional office holders.