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20261012 220000 UTC
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[00:00:00] Floridante.org.
[00:00:03] Two eras, one extraordinary evening. On October 24th,
[00:00:07] the sound language of the 21st century and the best of Beethoven's work will meet.
[00:00:10] At the House of the Blackheads, the Tallinn Chamber Orchestra will perform James
[00:00:13] McMillan's second violin concerto and Beethoven's second symphony. The soloist will be the brilliant Swedish
[00:00:17] violinist Avahaari, the orchestra will be conducted by the composer James
[00:00:20] McMillan. Come to
[00:00:21] the concert.
[00:00:28] Eino Tamberg's Concerto Crosso.
[00:00:31] Alomäties' typewriter concert
[00:00:34] on October 25th at 5 PM at the House of the Blackheads
[00:00:37] in Tallinn.
[00:00:42] I am conductor Henri Kristofer Aavik and I invite you to the Pärnu
[00:00:45] City Orchestra's 33rd season opening concert, featuring
[00:00:49] the premiere of Rasmus Puri's new work, Beethoven's first
[00:00:52] symphony, and the premiere of Lembit Fagott's concerto
[00:00:55] in Estonia with soloist Martin
[00:00:59] Kuuskmann. See you on October 23rd
[00:01:01] at the Pärnu Concert Hall. Estonia's oldest rock festival is back.
[00:01:05] Sindi Rock 2026
[00:01:08] on October 17th at 6 PM at the Sindi
[00:01:11] community center. Kosmikud. 35th birthday program
[00:01:15] from their hometown. Tuberku Loired. Civilway,
[00:01:18] Eik and Raev. See you at Sindi
[00:01:21] Rock.
[00:01:46] Estonia's first
[00:01:48] thriller theater psychological
[00:01:52] thriller Lies,
[00:01:55] final performances on October 20th and 21st.
[00:01:58] At the Keller Theater Kellerteater.ee.
[00:02:29] The natural conditions and soil are ideally suited
[00:02:32] for flax cultivation. Already at the beginning of the 19th century,
[00:02:36] large raw flax factories were operating and
[00:02:40] flax was grown for production on tens of thousands
[00:02:43] of hectares. Russia was the largest trader
[00:02:46] of flax. Estonian and Livonian governorates as parts of the empire
[00:02:50] played a significant role in this
[00:02:53] success.
[00:03:09] Fragments of flax scutching tools have been found in Asva, Saaremaa,
[00:03:12] whose age is estimated to be 2700-2800
[00:03:16] years. The oldest pieces of linen fabric came out with
[00:03:20] the Pilistvere treasure, whose age is dated
[00:03:23] to the sixth century.
[00:03:26] A flax monument has been erected in Mooste.
[00:03:30] "This flax blossom was carved into stone by our
[00:03:32] local tractor driver who worked
[00:03:36] at our experimental farm, he has such
[00:03:40] a, well, spiritual following, and since
[00:03:43] we dealt with flax, he found an opportunity in winter
[00:03:47] and carved this flax blossom here
[00:03:49] into dolomite, and then in 2003, its
[00:03:53] unveiling took place, which was also attended by
[00:03:56] the then Minister of Agriculture Tiit Tamsaar, and here behind.
[00:04:00] We also wrote my thought, that flax was, is and
[00:04:03] will be. In the mid-19th century,
[00:04:06] when the time came to buy farms into freehold,
[00:04:10] the income from flax sales was of decisive
[00:04:13] importance. Free farmers became members
[00:04:16] of parish councils, the demands of the indigenous people
[00:04:19] became increasingly represented, and
[00:04:22] unprecedented opportunities opened up for
[00:04:25] national uplift. Behind all this was also a beautiful
[00:04:28] blue-flowered plant,
[00:04:31] flax. From the mid-18th century,
[00:04:35] flaxseed grown in Livonia was considered the best in the world.
[00:04:38] And a century later,
[00:04:41] in 1867, at the Paris
[00:04:45] World Exhibition, flax grown from Pärnu
[00:04:48] seeds was awarded first place. Thanks to the existence of a seaport,
[00:04:52] Pärnu became Estonia's largest flax export center.
[00:04:56] The construction of a flax factory
[00:04:58] began already in 1919.
[00:05:02] In 1919, a group of Pärnu residents
[00:05:05] gathered and decided
[00:05:08] to build a flax factory,
[00:05:11] because through Pärnu, a lot of flax has been exported
[00:05:15] for ages, all of Pärnu is full of these flax barns,
[00:05:18] all these Pärnu centers and museums
[00:05:21] and these are old flax barns, the flax
[00:05:24] was processed a bit and then these flax bales were taken away, but
[00:05:28] why let them be taken out, let's process them ourselves.
[00:05:41] In 1919, men came
[00:05:44] together and said, let's establish it. In front of it was
[00:05:47] Peeter Lepik and then Karl
[00:05:51] Vihmann. Peeter Lepik became the first
[00:05:54] chairman of the board of the Pärnu Flax Industry Joint Stock Company,
[00:05:57] and Karl Vihmann became a member of the board.
[00:06:01] By the way, Vihmann was Johannes Vares
[00:06:04] Barbarus's uncle and a major supporter
[00:06:07] during his studies. The paradox of fate is that
[00:06:11] it was Vares's signature
[00:06:13] on the nationalization act that deprived his uncle
[00:06:17] of his property in 1940.
[00:06:20] But back
[00:06:24] to 1919. In November,
[00:06:27] William Sumberg was hired as the accountant
[00:06:31] of the joint stock company, who later became
[00:06:35] a member of the board and the actual
[00:06:37] manager. On December 6th,
[00:06:40] 1919.
[00:06:54] It turned out that the equipment for the flax industry was very expensive, but
[00:06:58] used machines were still within reach. So
[00:07:00] the machinery of one Silesian
[00:07:03] spinning factory was bought entirely.
[00:07:07] Immediately, work also began on the construction
[00:07:10] of new factory buildings.
[00:07:16] "The territory was bought from the city,
[00:07:20] the project was ordered from Vienna,
[00:07:24] the foundation is designed in such a way that there can be four
[00:07:28] floors here, due to lack of material and money, only two
[00:07:31] floors were built, to which later during the Soviet era, an entire second building
[00:07:35] was added, which is no longer there, instead there are beautiful
[00:07:38] lawns, constantly these shareholders increased
[00:07:42] the share capital, in other words, they pooled money,
[00:07:45] pledged their personal
[00:07:49] property to get money for
[00:07:52] construction.
[00:07:56] Above all, the money problems arose from the fact that
[00:07:58] the Ministry of Commerce and Industry did not want to pay the company
[00:08:02] the agreed sum of money, citing a recently amended
[00:08:05] law. Let's add
[00:08:08] the customs duties on machines,
[00:08:10] the rising construction costs and
[00:08:13] cost of living, and we get a poor overall
[00:08:17] picture, but still, work progressed
[00:08:21] slowly. The first product was
[00:08:25] binding twine. There was a shortage of binding twine
[00:08:28] in Estonia at the time, so such a
[00:08:31] machine existed, such a machine was bought and
[00:08:35] they started producing binding twine. Furthermore, since there were no
[00:08:38] bricks available at that time when they started building the factory,
[00:08:42] they bought the corresponding concrete and
[00:08:45] cement casting machines and started casting
[00:08:49] cement blocks and things, and they produced that successfully
[00:08:52] until 1940, since they had
[00:08:56] a large boiler house, the chimney is still standing there,
[00:09:00] so they also produced
[00:09:03] electricity for the city during peak hours, and then
[00:09:06] they also sold steam to the meat
[00:09:10] factory across the street. They sold
[00:09:13] steam to them. When they started, they had 11
[00:09:17] workers, when they had been working for 20 years, they had
[00:09:20] 400
[00:09:22] workers.
[00:09:30] Gradually, the scutching got going
[00:09:32] for them, then since there was a need for fishing nets,
[00:09:35] at first they made thread from which the fishermen
[00:09:39] themselves wove the fishing nets, but then they acquired
[00:09:43] these net-making machines and started producing fishing nets,
[00:09:46] so that, well, according to the momentary need, the factory quickly
[00:09:50] reoriented itself.
[00:09:53] They had many different products, actually, starting from
[00:09:56] rope, rope twisting, and then
[00:10:00] ending with very fine beautiful
[00:10:02] linen, linen fabric
[00:10:05] manufacturing.
[00:10:11] They immediately made catalogues
[00:10:14] in the first year to introduce to the public, so that
[00:10:18] it would be possible to order, and these catalogues were quite diverse,
[00:10:21] starting from sackcloths and then ending with
[00:10:25] decorative fabrics and
[00:10:26] carpets.
[00:10:30] In a joint venture of the Chamber of Home Economics, many organizations, schools and
[00:10:33] institutions, an exhibition was organized in the Tallinn stock exchange halls,
[00:10:36] "Our Daily Bread and
[00:10:38] Clothing."
[00:10:41] The aim of the exhibition was to give visitors tips on how to arrange
[00:10:45] catering and clothing issues more healthily and
[00:10:48] efficiently. We see exhibits of daily clothing,
[00:10:51] whose task is to explain how to extend
[00:10:55] the life of one's clothing through efficient
[00:10:58] organization, mending and cleaning of clothing, but at the same time, it was also tried
[00:11:01] to highlight how beautiful and task-appropriate
[00:11:05] items can be made from our own domestic linen and
[00:11:08] wool. Our high-quality linen
[00:11:11] is one of our most important export articles, but
[00:11:14] also at home, linen has found very versatile and refined
[00:11:18] use, both industrially and domestically.
[00:11:21] Since we have a relatively abundant supply of linen, then.
[00:11:42] Although Russia also had quite a large flax production, the
[00:11:44] quality was poor, that's why our flax factory in Pärnu
[00:11:48] became so
[00:11:50] famous.
[00:12:07] In fact, growing flax is quite a risky
[00:12:10] undertaking, and the primary processing of flax
[00:12:14] to obtain fiber has always been one of the most difficult farm jobs.
[00:12:17] The best soils were indeed here in Southern Estonia and
[00:12:21] Southeastern Estonia in general, that, well, in Mulgimaa.
[00:12:25] Many Mulks became very wealthy thanks to
[00:12:27] flax cultivation, when the flax field was plowed
[00:12:31] in autumn, then in spring, at the end of May, beginning of June,
[00:12:34] the flax had to be sown, it was then
[00:12:38] one of the last crops that was planted,
[00:12:42] because flax was quite capricious and it
[00:12:45] could dry out and not come
[00:12:48] up at all, not the beautiful blue flower,
[00:12:52] when it was pulled up, then the seed pods had to be taken
[00:12:56] off and the seed pods were then removed
[00:13:00] with a flax heckle, there were two ways, either
[00:13:04] the flax bundle was fixed to a bench and
[00:13:07] using a hand-held flax heckle,
[00:13:11] the seed pods were pulled off, or the other way was to tie the flax heckle
[00:13:15] to the bench and hold the flax bundles in hand and then
[00:13:18] pull them through the heckle and thus separate
[00:13:22] the seed pods, and the seed pods were then dried.
[00:13:25] And the flax stalks went
[00:13:28] to soak, because such a
[00:13:30] hard, hard stalk as grows
[00:13:34] on flax, you can't make a shirt or clothes from it.
[00:13:37] When the flax had been soaking for two or three weeks, it was taken
[00:13:41] out, but this work was quite unpleasant, because the
[00:13:45] flax started to smell, its bacteria fermented
[00:13:48] the flax stalks, to separate the fiber from them,
[00:13:52] and when this operation was...