ESPRESO — broadcast 20261011 190000 UTC 449 transcript segments Google Cloud Speech-to-Text API (Chirp) + Gemini 2.5 Flash Non-Thinking Data courtesy of The GDELT Project (https://www.gdeltproject.org/), from the Internet Archive TV News Archive. Machine transcription. Treat it as a searchable index of what was broadcast, not a verbatim quotation record. [00:00:03] It's already October, and Ukrainian homes have been [00:00:06] without electricity for hours, so what kind of [00:00:09] assistance does Poland plan, military and energy, what are [00:00:13] you preparing for, [00:00:17] for what we've been talking about in recent days, first, it's support, when it comes to [00:00:21] ammunition for F-16s, that was such an urgent [00:00:24] issue that the press wrote about, which is extremely important for protecting the Ukrainian [00:00:28] sky. [00:00:32] As for civilian issues with a two-three month perspective, [00:00:35] in the coming days I will personally coordinate meetings [00:00:38] with representatives of numerous [00:00:41] ministries to have a new support [00:00:44] plan, because what was needed and important until [00:00:47] now is still important, but the situation [00:00:50] has changed, [00:00:53] it differs from what we expected, [00:00:56] the scale of attacks on civilian objects is huge, the scale... [00:01:06] Kyiv, like Warsaw, is located on a large river and is divided into left and [00:01:10] right banks, and a huge part of the people live on [00:01:14] the left bank and work on the right. [00:01:17] The Russians, I think, intended the following: if they paralyze [00:01:20] transport communication in Kyiv, they will cause [00:01:24] some social uprising or something like that. That's exactly how I understand [00:01:28] their actions now. We all expected the Russians to focus on [00:01:31] energy attacks to cause an energy [00:01:34] crisis, [00:01:37] but even before that happened, because winter hasn't arrived yet, [00:01:40] we already see attacks on transport networks, among which Kyiv's [00:01:44] bridges are key. [00:01:48] And what's also new is that Russia is trying to strike [00:01:51] the Internet, communication centers. There are many new [00:01:54] elements, meaning that the strike is now aimed at communication [00:01:57] and transport. Previously, there was no such scale. Mostly, the Russians [00:02:01] focused on energy, now communication and transport [00:02:04] have been added to energy, which means they have decided to engage [00:02:08] in a tougher fight with Ukraine, because they are unable to gain an advantage on [00:02:12] the front. [00:02:14] Operation Vivaldi is currently underway, the Ukrainian army, the third army [00:02:18] corps of the armed forces, is liberating new and new [00:02:22] kilometers of Ukrainian territories under the command of [00:02:24] Biletsky. And this is also a new fact that [00:02:28] the White House administration is putting on... [00:02:39] This is indeed a very important issue in such a large country as [00:02:42] Ukraine, to protect our sky, to close [00:02:46] it completely. Also new are military technologies, we see how [00:02:49] they are developing, for example, now these jet drones [00:02:53] fly at high speeds, it's hard to imagine the speed [00:02:56] of a Russian jet drone at 600 km/h, then... Ukrainian [00:03:00] intelligence reports that soon they will be able to develop [00:03:04] speeds up to 900 km/h. Ukraine, [00:03:07] meanwhile, uses active robotic turrets, [00:03:10] equipped with artificial [00:03:13] intelligence, to destroy drones that [00:03:15] attack bridges and [00:03:18] infrastructure. And Ukraine also plans [00:03:21] to test a ballistic missile that will be able to reach [00:03:24] Moscow. At this stage, it would be good, that is, it would be invaluable, if [00:03:28] Poland and Ukraine could. [00:04:08] It once again shows that Russia's war against Ukraine, especially in this new [00:04:11] very hot phase after 2022, [00:04:15] has led to a huge technological [00:04:18] leap. [00:04:21] The whole world will no longer return to what it was before, this is [00:04:24] a matter of using drones, using robots, the rapid development of these [00:04:28] technologies. [00:04:31] economy, because dual-use research or even triple-use [00:04:35] research for different purposes is key here, but [00:04:38] first of all dual-use, that is, military and civilian. This is, by the [00:04:42] way, also an additional argument why we spend [00:04:45] 4.7% on defense, and about [00:04:49] 7% of GDP on security in the broad [00:04:52] sense. And this also explains why we, as Poland, [00:04:55] decide to incur such large expenses, because at the same time we can [00:04:58] research new technologies. from the point of view of their [00:05:01] application, for example, in [00:05:04] agriculture, forestry, medical, [00:05:08] transport, etc., etc. Let's just note that [00:05:11] the Polish government on the sixth of October approved a program to finance [00:05:14] civil defense for $26 billion over [00:05:17] the next 5 years, and I understand that this will include the very [00:05:21] measures you listed. This is only a part, because other [00:05:24] things that concern responding to a potential crisis that Russia [00:05:28] might cause, we will discuss literally [00:05:31] in the coming days. Meanwhile, Poland is strengthening its borders with Ukraine. In [00:05:35] the Lublin and Subcarpathian voivodeships, alert systems [00:05:38] for the population are being tested in case of air threats. And it is in Lublin region [00:05:41] for the first time. [00:05:48] troops, what is Poland preparing for? And to what extent [00:05:51] is it possible that these Lublin Patriots will also protect [00:05:55] part of the airspace over Western [00:05:57] Ukraine, [00:06:00] for me the question is simple: if Poland wants to avoid war, it must be [00:06:04] as prepared for war as possible, that is, 4.7% of GDP for [00:06:08] defense, about 7% if calculated for security in a broader [00:06:11] sense, plus... Complete modernization of the border with [00:06:14] Belarus, this is something we may not be talking much about yet, [00:06:17] but Western colleagues who come to me are very [00:06:21] impressed by how the border defense with Belarus looks today, because it is [00:06:24] the border of the European Union and NATO. Finally, the arrangement of the border, providing [00:06:28] security for the border with Ukraine, that is, the border [00:06:31] of a NATO state and the European Union to the east of these [00:06:35] organizations with a state that is friendly, that is an ally, but [00:06:39] is outside the EU and NATO and is at war. [00:06:51] Putin, so that he doesn't touch us, this is a kind of insurance [00:06:54] policy against the escalation of the war. I also emphasize the [00:06:57] importance of social networks. Lately, I've been working a lot with rural [00:07:01] housewives. In Poland, there is a model of rural women's associations, which [00:07:05] actually form a network throughout the country. To this [00:07:08] end, voluntary fire brigades, by the way, were started in a very interesting way. [00:07:17] They all need to know that their role is to reduce fear in [00:07:21] society, so that there is no fear of Russia. Look, for example, [00:07:24] at Anka Sluchanka's posts. Sluchanka is a locality of the head of the rural [00:07:28] women's association near Krynyky in Podlachia. Who [00:07:32] perfectly shows how her actions, which she used to perform daily [00:07:35] simply in the sphere of maintaining good tradition and [00:07:38] taste. The same preserves she makes in the village will now serve to... [00:07:52] If someone asks me what guarantees that there will be no war, it is precisely [00:07:56] that we are prepared for war, unfortunately, this has been known since [00:08:00] ancient times, nothing new, better we will not [00:08:03] invent here, [00:08:06] what Russia is scaring us with, there are also news this week, primarily [00:08:09] Latvian Interior Minister Janis Dombrava. announced on [00:08:13] October 7 that unknown masked individuals had infiltrated Latvian [00:08:17] territory from Belarus and carried out an act of sabotage, [00:08:20] damaging infrastructure that serves to monitor [00:08:23] the border. Shortly before this, unknown armed individuals [00:08:27] from the Belarusian side attempted to push about 20 [00:08:30] illegal migrants across this [00:08:33] border into Latvia. This is a scenario reminiscent of recent actions by Russia and [00:08:37] Belarus against Poland. We see that this was practically [00:08:40] a training, here already... real actions and greater pressure [00:08:44] in these hybrid attacks, and, for example, Estonia is moving [00:08:48] a key brigade from the city of Tapa to Jõhvi and Estonian officials [00:08:52] say that the country is preparing for possible aggression from Moscow, [00:08:55] although they do not expect the aggression to happen within [00:08:58] the next two years, but they still believe that Russia [00:09:01] will attack one of the NATO countries. You know, in our time it's hard to say that [00:09:05] two years is a long time, it's rather a short time, because modern [00:09:09] capabilities of warfare with the support of artificial intelligence and robots, if... [00:09:12] if we also add the dynamic of the development of this situation, that is, that there will be more and more [00:09:16] artificial intelligence, there will be more and more robots on the [00:09:19] battlefield, then in two years we will have a completely new situation, but to [00:09:23] prepare well for it, we need to act now. My firm [00:09:27] position, which I repeat everywhere. The stronger, the better we [00:09:30] prepare, the less space we leave for Russia to play on [00:09:34] fear. If we think about what the essence of Russian [00:09:37] politics is, it is fear, in generating fear. If we prepare, let's say, [00:09:41] these rural housewives, these firefighters, these priests, so that they know [00:09:45] what to tell people, in case of anything, and even now we talk to people [00:09:49] that they need to have a certain supply of water, that they need to have a supply of dry food, [00:09:53] that they need to have a certain amount of preserves, then this will completely [00:09:56] change the situation, this is real deterrence for Putin, if [00:09:59] these societal efforts are coordinated with [00:10:03] state efforts, which I spoke about. [00:10:06] Russia warns that it will use nuclear weapons in case [00:10:09] of a blockade of the Kaliningrad region. At the same time, on October [00:10:13] 6, the Lithuanian parliament voted to lift [00:10:16] the ban on the deployment of nuclear weapons in the country. At the same time, [00:10:20] the Kremlin spokesman had earlier threatened Lithuania with consequences for such [00:10:23] a step in the form of attacks. So, how can the scenario [00:10:26] develop? And is the deployment of nuclear weapons by allies [00:10:30] in Eastern Europe, in Poland and the Baltic countries, possible? [00:10:33] What is your opinion on this, and would it be a good [00:10:36] idea, or is nuclear weapons [00:10:40] truly the last word in war today? [00:10:44] I think we are moving in this direction, so that American troops have permanent bases in [00:10:47] Poland, so that there are more American troops in Central Eastern Europe, [00:10:51] not for them to fight for us. We ourselves must learn [00:10:55] that if we want to have a strong army, we must create our own [00:10:58] strong army, but American troops on our territory are [00:11:01] an additional guarantee that Putin will not do anything stupid. [00:11:05] As for the discussion about the use of atomic weapons, I think that from [00:11:09] time to time in this war we have such a moment of outlining [00:11:13] positions, practically now everyone has outlined their position here. The Russians [00:11:16] outlined their position: all right, if you attack Kaliningrad, we will [00:11:20] use nuclear weapons, but no one is going to attack [00:11:23] Kaliningrad. [00:11:35] it often looks like that, but I don't think [00:11:38] it's good, because everyone has defined their positions, it's clear who is [00:11:42] where, there are no misunderstandings here, if someone is [00:11:46] a democrat and stands for the development of Russia and for its normal democratic [00:11:49] future, they will not support Putin, that is [00:11:53] clear. [00:11:55] for our Ukrainian viewers, let's say that there is no [00:11:59] Kaliningrad region, there is Królewiec [00:12:02] region, Russia changes names on [00:12:05] maps, but this does not change its occupying [00:12:08] essence. In Polish, our city was called [00:12:12] Królewiec, it is very established in literature, I also think this is a call [00:12:16] to Ukrainians not to use the name Kaliningrad, because it is [00:12:19] a bit [00:12:20] strange. [00:12:34] Russia threatens attacks on Ukrainian civilian cities, [00:12:37] instead we see that as a result of Ukrainian operations to strike [00:12:41] deep in the enemy's rear, about [00:12:44] 51% [00:12:47] of Russian oil refining capacities have already been disabled, [00:12:50] how much, in your opinion, can this become Kashchey's needle and [00:12:54] lead to a turning point in the war, [00:12:58] honestly, I think that nothing radical will happen this year, Russian and Ukrainian positions [00:13:01] will strengthen, Ukrainians will have a constant small advantage, which they have [00:13:05] now, of course, now we are talking at such a specific moment, because [00:13:08] this is literally a moment, because in two months everything [00:13:12] may look different, why are we scared, because the Russians began to massively [00:13:16] use jet drones, which [00:13:19] is that soon we [00:13:23] will know how to... war, [00:13:36] if you look at 1941, [00:13:39] it seemed that democratic Europe was in a very [00:13:43] difficult situation and would not [00:13:45] cope. [00:13:55] If we look at the first phase of World War II, it seemed [00:13:58] as if democratic Europe would not cope with Germany, but [00:14:01] then let's look at what changed. Suddenly it turned out that the mobilization [00:14:05] of the West, reason, modernity worked, and it will be the same here, [00:14:08] believe me, it will be the same. At first there will be an impression that the Russians have [00:14:12] an advantage in something, but still production capacities, intellectual forces, [00:14:15] engineers, polytechnic universities, everything that the [00:14:18] West possesses will cope. So I know that this sounds scary, but [00:14:22] our role is to help Ukraine survive. [00:15:03] What is Russia fighting for? It is fighting for ignorance, for [00:15:06] darkness, poverty, and unhappiness. [00:15:10] For the well-being of its narrow group of power, that is, Putin and his [00:15:13] entourage. And such an idea, such a concept, cannot, [00:15:16] I believe, work. First of all, it will not win. [00:15:19] It will always collapse. We should have no illusions about this. [00:15:23] The essence of the struggle, which. [00:15:57] Victory over Russia. Do you think the West is finally [00:16:00] ready for such a concept, to defeat [00:16:03] Russia? [00:16:06] is wrong when we talk about the West, as if it is [00:16:10] disorganized, but today the West [00:16:12] has an advantage in capital, technology, and human potential in [00:16:16] everything. Sometimes procedures, sometimes tenders, sometimes various things that are part [00:16:20] of the system of Western states block quick actions, [00:16:23] but then this quick action comes, I am sure that the West [00:16:26] has a plan, because if we compare the potential of Russia and [00:16:29] the European Union, and also the United States, then the answer is [00:16:33] probably obvious, let's not worry about this, the West is ready for this, I [00:16:36] am surprised that there are still doubts about the West, as if we ourselves do not [00:16:40] believe in ourselves, but I think that it is obvious, the West must [00:16:44] believe in itself, and it will believe everything, rearm and in two or three [00:16:47] years it will be ready for a greater confrontation, honestly, this [00:16:51] is the only guarantee that this confrontation will not happen, if we [00:16:54] do not do this, Putin will definitely attack, but if [00:16:57] Putin sees that there are expenditures on weapons, that this is already [00:17:01] launched, that factories are working, that the border is protected, and that [00:17:04] there are entire social networks of people ready to block. associations, [00:17:18] ladies, what are you afraid of, this is fake news, a politician will not say [00:17:22] this, you are laughing at this now, but neither [00:17:25] you nor I will say this, because we do not have access to so many [00:17:29] people, we must prepare entire networks of people to [00:17:33] interact with the authorities in the field of security, and here, [00:17:36] for example, Ukraine has huge merits and [00:17:40] experience, perhaps that is the right word. I remember the first times I [00:17:44] visited Ukraine after 2022, and when I went to various [00:17:48] front support centers, which were located, for example, near [00:17:51] Kyiv, I met exactly such people there, [00:17:55] the same women who, under normal conditions, made meat, [00:17:58] vegetable or fruit preserves in the fall for winter, in this case they do the [00:18:02] same, only it has a different meaning now. Now it concerns [00:18:05] security, this... [00:18:08] is an important thing, here I will somewhat disagree with you, because my [00:18:12] media Slava Planova works on this and has a huge reach in Ukraine and [00:18:16] a huge audience with whom we openly discuss these topics, we are precisely [00:18:19] trying to inform people about the nature of disinformation, about these [00:18:23] fake news campaigns that Russia is conducting and teach [00:18:26] to form this understanding. It's good that you are doing this, but [00:18:30] Grandma Genya, Grandpa Juzek, and [00:18:34] everyone who meets with ordinary people daily will cope with this best. [00:18:42] The role of the United States. In late October, new [00:18:45] regular trilateral talks involving Ukraine and Russia, with the [00:18:49] leading role of the United States, may take place. This was announced by Ukrainian [00:18:52] President Volodymyr Zelenskyy during a briefing with German [00:18:55] Chancellor Friedrich Merz in Kyiv. Do you believe in [00:18:59] the possibility and effectiveness [00:19:01] of restoration. [00:19:14] quick effect, and perhaps President Trump decided to postpone them until [00:19:17] after November 4, that is, after the midterm elections [00:19:21] in the United States, [00:19:23] what is missing for Putin to be ready for negotiations, is there a chance to [00:19:27] stimulate him to this in such a short period? I am [00:19:31] a realist, you don't have to ask him for anything, beg him for anything, [00:19:34] you just have to show strength. [00:19:48] Can this depend on a certain specific step, for example, granting [00:19:51] Poland and Ukraine a license for the production of Patriots? These [00:19:54] are elements, it will not depend on one step. Look how much [00:19:58] has already happened, when it comes to military equipment during this [00:20:01] war. And I'm only talking about this phase after 2022. I'm not talking [00:20:05] about what happened before, because I myself participated in these various diplomatic [00:20:09] missions to Western capitals, to the West of us, when I appealed there for [00:20:13] tanks, for specific types of weapons, today we have already forgotten [00:20:16] that these were entire political campaigns, because several [00:20:20] years have passed, this war has been going on for over four years, this is also something [00:20:23] absolutely new, it is not so often in the history of Europe that such an [00:20:27] intense war lasts so long, and currently there is no end in [00:20:31] sight. [00:20:34] We must not stop and seek solutions on how to pressure Putin. [00:20:37] On October 6, search operations began in the village of Lasków in the Lublin Voivodeship. [00:20:41] According to historians, during World [00:20:45] War II, as a result of the Polish-Ukrainian conflict, [00:20:48] about 300 Ukrainians died in this place. Do you think [00:20:52] that thanks to such steps as exhumations and historical [00:20:56] dialogue, it will be possible to reach such a level of understanding [00:20:59] that we will jointly honor our fallen? For me, [00:21:03] this is not a historical dialogue. As you know, I very clearly separate this. [00:21:07] Historical dialogue is where we compare the results of historical [00:21:10] research and determine whether we agree on the level of [00:21:14] interpretation or not. Such actions, like in Ułasków, are for me actions in [00:21:17] the sphere of human, humanitarian rights, so that, regardless of what views someone had, [00:21:21] what views their loved ones have today, how we argue about this, these [00:21:24] fundamental rights regarding [00:21:28] burial, exhumation, and search were respected. [00:21:31] Let's see what will be found in Ułasków, I am glad that these works [00:21:34] are ongoing, that they no longer create big sensations today, that [00:21:38] normality has returned to this topic, that now these are [00:21:41] primarily humanitarian issues. I am also glad about what [00:21:44] is happening on the Ukrainian side. It is worth saying this, because after decades, and [00:21:48] you, Madam Editor, also... were involved, we have a situation where [00:21:51] applications for exhumation or search works, whether from one side or the other, [00:21:55] are accepted without major political debates, without [00:21:58] a meeting of presidents, it is hard to believe that until recently such [00:22:02] matters were an element of conversation between the President of Ukraine and the Prime Minister [00:22:05] of Poland, thank God that they were, because it brought results, but [00:22:09] it was not normal, today it is normal that search operations [00:22:12] and exhumations are ongoing, and they will continue, as a historian, I can only say that where [00:22:16] search operations are being conducted, it is worth really doing it in advance... [00:22:28] It's difficult because most experts from the Ukrainian Institute of National [00:22:32] Memory are now fighting on the front, but I believe that [00:22:35] the most important thing is that we reach a moment when we stop [00:22:38] dividing the deceased into yours and ours, that these are, so to speak, [00:22:41] our common victims, we must honor them together, [00:22:45] and this is undoubtedly part of your concept, and part of the concept [00:22:49] of those... [00:22:58] because as a politician I have already learned in life that there are such processes that [00:23:02] simply require time, and now I am [00:23:05] extremely happy that this process has begun, I am [00:23:09] very happy that I have already participated in several funerals where [00:23:12] I met people who are now [00:23:15] 80 or even older, who lost families during [00:23:18] the Volyn tragedy. and waited [00:23:22] all their lives. The most interesting thing in conversations with these people is that [00:23:25] it turns out they do not have anti-Ukrainian views. [00:23:28] Instead, their emotions are often used by political [00:23:31] radicals, and these people just want to bury their dead. And [00:23:34] they are very happy that it finally [00:23:37] happened. Perhaps it is worth doing all this just to look into [00:23:41] the eyes of these people, who are often already very old, and say: [00:23:45] I know it's late, I understand that it hurt, but still it [00:23:48] is happening and it is good, there will be a [00:23:52] grave, there will be [00:24:11] Espresso together with the charitable foundation "Human and Law" ask you to join [00:24:15] the fundraising, I wish you good health, we are infantrymen of the second battalion [00:24:18] of the 109th separate brigade. Thyroid SUU. We are fighting [00:24:22] in the Pokrovsk direction. To effectively destroy the enemy, military [00:24:25] equipment needs to be systematically charged. This is not always [00:24:29] possible due to difficult conditions at the front. We appeal to the viewers and [00:24:33] readers of Espresso to support the most important fundraising [00:24:36] for military charging stations. Weltstrom stations [00:24:39] are designed specifically for military needs and are fully adapted to [00:24:43] warfare. Capable of replacing generators and providing [00:24:47] fighters with energy even in field conditions. Silent and [00:24:50] powerful charging stations are necessary for performing combat [00:24:54] missions. Every donated hryvnia will allow us to quickly [00:24:57] deliver such necessary devices to our defenders. [00:25:01] Thank you for your understanding. Glory to Ukraine. Glory to heroes. 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