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[00:00:08] Hello, welcome, thank you for following us on France 24, here are the headlines of this
[00:00:12] news. The Gluxman surprise in France,
[00:00:15] Raphaël Gluxman won the primary and is the socialist candidate for
[00:00:19] the presidential election, the surprise is his score of 66% in the
[00:00:23] first round, far ahead of his competitors. So what line will the new
[00:00:27] man of the left defend? We'll talk about it at the beginning of the news.
[00:00:31] Donald Trump announces an energy ceasefire between Ukraine and
[00:00:34] Russia without further details and without Kiev being informed. Volodymyr
[00:00:38] Zelensky says he is ready to accept this truce and organize elections but
[00:00:42] still deplores Russian strikes against energy targets after the American
[00:00:45] announcement.
[00:00:48] And we are not the second mudslide in less than 2 months, this one occurred
[00:00:52] in the north of the country after a new flood, 5 missing. You
[00:00:55] will see the images of this
[00:00:58] spectacular mudslide.
[00:01:12] He will therefore be the candidate representing the socialists, Raphaël Gluxman,
[00:01:16] he prefers to speak of democratic left, the president of
[00:01:19] Public Place won in the first round of the primary with a score
[00:01:23] of 66%, far ahead of his closest opponent Olivier
[00:01:27] Fort, the line that Raphaël. wants to defend for the
[00:01:30] presidential and legislative elections, is a refusal
[00:01:35] diamond trade, the industry's to ally with Jean-Luc Mélenchon's La France Insoumise, but then where does he come from,
[00:01:38] portrait drawn by Léo
[00:01:40] Péchar,
[00:01:44] the result is undeniable, with 66.13% of the
[00:01:47] votes, Raphael Gluxmann largely wins
[00:01:51] the primary and becomes the
[00:01:52] organized the auctions of the Peace candidate of the social democratic left in the next
[00:01:55] presidential election, at 46 years old, he dives into the big
[00:01:58] bath of politics. He who began his career as
[00:02:02] a journalist and documentarian,
[00:02:05] nurtured by the internationalism of his father, the philosopher André
[00:02:09] Gluxmann, he in turn commits himself to the international political scene
[00:02:12] and becomes from 2009 to 2013 advisor to
[00:02:16] the Georgian president Mikheil Saakashvili. It is
[00:02:19] finally from France that the contender for the Elysée wants to bring
[00:02:23] his European commitment. In 2019, Raphael
[00:02:26] Gluxmann was elected deputy to the European elections with the movement.
[00:02:30] Public Place which he co-founded a year earlier, re-elected
[00:02:34] in 2024, he became one of the most prominent figures of
[00:02:37] the moderate left in Brussels, yesterday hatred won
[00:02:41] in France and in Europe, so it
[00:02:44] is time today to remember that we are committed to
[00:02:47] the rights and humanist principles that underpin the
[00:02:50] European construction, it is time to
[00:02:53] stand up, these struggles, the defense of
[00:02:56] Ukraine, human rights and the fight against foreign interference.
[00:03:00] He also advocates an ecological revolution, while promoting
[00:03:04] the reindustrialization of France, a social
[00:03:08] magnitude from other wholesalers in democratic and reformist line that the candidate will have to assert
[00:03:11] against Jean-Luc Mélenchon's La France Insoumise, a formidable rival on his left with whom he
[00:03:15] refuses any
[00:03:17] alliance. There will be no agreement with the Francisme, but there
[00:03:21] will be an agreement with the democratic left, with the republican
[00:03:24] left and we will win the presidential election, I am
[00:03:28] absolutely convinced of that.
[00:03:30] Uniting a divided left, that is the next challenge for Rafael Gluxmann,
[00:03:34] who must particularly convince the environmentalists, torn between him
[00:03:37] and Jean-Luc Mélenchon. This Sunday, the European deputy has
[00:03:41] crossed a decisive stage, but from Brussels to the Elysée, the road remains
[00:03:45] long.
[00:03:48] And Donald Trump has not yet given his decision on an intervention in Saudi
[00:03:52] Arabia, because of the attacks on the tools, but the surprise of
[00:03:57] 12. First, it's the car Sunday comes in any case from his announcement of an energy ceasefire between Russia and
[00:04:01] Ukraine to preserve the production and delivery capabilities of
[00:04:06] violent civil wars that West oil and gas. Volodymyr Zelensky had nevertheless indicated that Russian strikes on power plants
[00:04:10] had continued after the declaration of the American president while the
[00:04:14] Kremlin remained silent. Alice
[00:04:16] Broga. At the pump, prices are soaring
[00:04:20] and discontent is rising in the United States as the mid-term
[00:04:23] elections approach. Running out of solutions in the Middle East, Donald Trump is
[00:04:27] hastily turning to Moscow. By announcing an
[00:04:31] energy ceasefire between Ukraine and Russia, he wants to restore Russian
[00:04:35] oil capacities and lower
[00:04:37] Sierra Leone to be handed over to the president of global prices .
[00:04:39] You see, President Trump came to power with a mandate to work for
[00:04:44] that's the end of this news thank you for the American people, and that's a good thing for the American
[00:04:46] people, to lower diesel prices. Since
[00:04:50] the beginning of the year, Russian diesel exports have
[00:04:53] fallen by about 40 %. The reason is
[00:04:56] the intensification of long-range Ukrainian drone attacks on.
[00:05:00] as here in Moscow, half of the country's refining capacity was
[00:05:04] even put out of service in August 2026 according to a Washington
[00:05:08] Post investigation, damage
[00:05:11] government on the importance of that forced Moscow to import oil from
[00:05:13] India, ration its use and freeze its diesel
[00:05:16] exports. The cessation of Ukrainian strikes would allow installations to be repaired
[00:05:20] and production to be resumed . In
[00:05:23] anticipation, Trump lifted American sanctions on Russian
[00:05:27] diesel on Friday with an agreement allowing Russia to deliver 300,000 tons
[00:05:31] of diesel in October, 500,000 tons in November and
[00:05:34] up to 1 million thereafter . But for Ukraine, caught
[00:05:37] off guard by the American announcement, any ceasefire must involve the end
[00:05:41] of the bombing.
[00:06:12] Trump's announcement. In America, Hurricane
[00:06:16] Simon is passing very close to the western coasts of Mexico,
[00:06:20] its winds could reach 250 km/h.
[00:06:23] Simon follows Rachel whose rains are still affecting southern
[00:06:27] California, tropical cyclones are stronger than usual due to the very strong
[00:06:30] El Niño phenomenon this year and which causes warmer
[00:06:34] Pacific waters and therefore more intense climatic phenomena in this
[00:06:37] region.
[00:06:40] And other continents, other climatic phenomena with a new
[00:06:43] mudslide that swept through Nepal with five
[00:06:47] missing for the moment, this is happening in a different
[00:06:50] region from the one 6 weeks ago
[00:06:53] which had left more than 1400 dead and 5000
[00:06:56] people still missing, images commented by Thomas
[00:06:59] Cuni a giant
[00:07:02] unstoppable
[00:07:05] wave a torrent of mud pours into
[00:07:09] this valley and carries everything in its path.
[00:07:13] In a few seconds, villages engulfed in front of helpless
[00:07:17] inhabitants,
[00:07:27] this sudden flood was caused by the rupture of a dam
[00:07:30] following a landslide, nothing
[00:07:34] resists,
[00:07:37] not even this metallic bridge, it gives way to the force of the
[00:07:41] current. Seen from another angle, we can distinguish
[00:07:44] the extent of the
[00:07:45] catastrophe,
[00:07:49] the disaster occurred in northern
[00:07:52] Nepal in the Gorkha
[00:07:55] region, residents had time to take
[00:07:58] refuge in the heights, here this was our
[00:08:01] village,
[00:08:03] everyone was screaming, we took refuge in the
[00:08:06] mountains
[00:08:08] here in the center of the image, other survivors.
[00:08:12] Very quickly, the army was deployed to rescue them,
[00:08:16] helicopters fly over a devastated area,
[00:08:20] entire sections of cliff have collapsed,
[00:08:24] we can clearly distinguish here the trajectory of the mudslide,
[00:08:27] according to an initial assessment by the authorities,
[00:08:31] at least five people are reported
[00:08:33] missing, and we spoke last night about the strong
[00:08:37] repression that raged in India on Saturday with many arrests including that
[00:08:41] of the leaders of the... of the cafars, the three
[00:08:44] opponents were released this Sunday, they immediately announced that they would
[00:08:48] continue their mobilization against the electoral commission accused of being
[00:08:52] in the pay of the Prime Minister. I would add that Reporters Without Borders
[00:08:55] estimates that at least 16 journalists were detained
[00:08:59] during Saturday's
[00:09:00] wave of arrests.
[00:09:04] Let's take a look at the day's agenda Monday, October
[00:09:09] show that starts in Paris for a week day 10. Inauguration
[00:09:13] for Emmanuel Macron who will therefore visit it this morning and notably
[00:09:16] sit in the new Citroën, the new 2
[00:09:20] CV and you will also find our journalist Christophe Danset live
[00:09:23] from the show in the morning. This
[00:09:27] Monday and until Tuesday will be available in cinemas the
[00:09:30] Israeli documentary NASA limited release, it is
[00:09:34] the film that gave a voice to soldiers who operated in
[00:09:37] Gaza and which caused a stir when it was released in
[00:09:40] Israel and then finally. it is this Monday that the
[00:09:43] Nobel Prize in Economics was awarded to but in language because it is the prize of the Bank
[00:09:47] of Sweden so who will succeed Philippe
[00:09:49] Agyon to follow therefore during the day this
[00:09:52] decision
[00:10:22] Never heard of the term of blood diamonds before, blood. Diamonds
[00:10:25] may once have been an alien concept to the supermodel Naomi Campbell, it
[00:10:29] certainly isn't now. Over 1 million diggers like these
[00:10:32] search for diamonds in
[00:10:34] Africa.
[00:10:37] During the 90s, in Sierra Leone, in the Democratic Republic of
[00:10:41] Congo or in Ivory Coast, diamonds served as a currency of exchange for
[00:10:45] the purchase of weapons during civil wars.
[00:10:48] They were called blood diamonds, they were at
[00:10:52] the heart of the civil war that devastated the...
[00:10:55] firms, an illegal trade that
[00:10:57] The battle for control of diamond mines was bloody and had a devastating effect on local
[00:11:00] populations
[00:11:03] and generated a parallel economy supported by large international
[00:11:10] probably brought in up to 125 million dollars per
[00:11:13] year and financed the fighting, and it is thanks to
[00:11:16] Hollywood that the general public truly became aware of the
[00:11:19] scandal thanks to the film Blood Diamond with
[00:11:23] Leonardo DiCaprio released. In 2006, an
[00:11:26] exposure that forced the global diamond industry, singled out
[00:11:30] to change its rules to try to restore its
[00:11:33] image. 25 years ago, the Kimberley
[00:11:36] Process began, negotiations through which major producing countries and
[00:11:40] international diamond groups established origin control of
[00:11:44] stones to prevent history from repeating itself. A quarter of a century
[00:11:48] later, the industry claims to have changed, speaks of
[00:11:51] ethical trade, of development of local communities. but in the
[00:11:55] Kono district, the epicenter of the former blood
[00:12:00] promises are far from all fulfilled, billet returning
[00:12:04] to Sierra Leone on the trail of blood diamonds, this is a report by
[00:12:07] Sarah Saco and Simon Martin.
[00:12:25] We entrust Sierra Leone to you, God, I pray that you will raise
[00:12:29] our nation, that you will bless our nation. Let us pray for more
[00:12:32] opportunities in this country, more businesses and employment
[00:12:36] opportunities for those who are jobless, in the name of
[00:12:39] Jesus Christ. These sermons are recognizable among
[00:12:42] thousands. However, it is not them that have
[00:12:45] made the renown of Pastor Emmanuel
[00:12:47] Momot. 10 years ago, the man of faith
[00:12:51] and artisanal miner, discovered on his exploitation.
[00:13:25] I told myself that if I sold it to a local buyer, it would not benefit the
[00:13:28] nation, so I decided to hand it over to the
[00:13:30] government,
[00:13:38] the pastor has since left the diamond world, but he has not
[00:13:42] forgotten his region of origin, goodbye everyone,
[00:13:46] monde,
[00:13:49] the Kono district several hundred kilometers to the
[00:13:52] east, the diamond heart of the
[00:13:55] country,
[00:13:58] the Kono district is a region where diamonds have been
[00:14:01] found for more than a
[00:14:02] century,
[00:14:06] Kono was once considered the breadbasket of Sierra
[00:14:09] Leone, and yet, it is there that one
[00:14:12] finds the poorest and least educated
[00:14:16] populations. A paradox precisely
[00:14:20] because of the Kono
[00:14:22] diamonds.
[00:14:25] 1911, the country catches fire, it's the
[00:14:28] beginning of one of the most
[00:14:31] Africa has known. The control of Kono and its diamonds
[00:14:35] becomes an absolute priority for the rebels who pour into the
[00:14:39] region. Here is a typical example of one of the
[00:14:42] mass graves in the Kono district called the "savage's
[00:14:46] well". Then begins one of the darkest
[00:14:50] pages in Sierra Leonean history and a
[00:14:52] sadly well-known
[00:14:58] trafficking. The diamonds were sent out of
[00:15:02] the Republic of Liberia Charles Taylor in exchange for weapons
[00:15:05] and ammunition which were used against the inhabitants of Kono
[00:15:08] themselves. These diamonds became blood
[00:15:12] diamonds,
[00:15:14] they became a curse for the people of
[00:15:17] Sierra Leone.
[00:15:21] During the conflict, blood diamonds brought in up to 100.
[00:15:37] to enlist them in their ranks, so I was afraid because I didn't want to join them and also I didn't want
[00:15:46] to
[00:15:46] die.
[00:15:50] Today, the man of faith participates in rewriting the history of his
[00:15:54] region. 15 % of the sale of his fabulous
[00:15:58] stone went back to the community of Koriardu where it was
[00:16:02] discovered. Enough to transform the small village kilometers
[00:16:05] away from the first road.
[00:16:10] Here we are in Koriardu in the Peace Diamond
[00:16:13] School,
[00:16:16] more than 250 children are currently schooled here and they
[00:16:20] come from different
[00:16:21] communities.
[00:16:24] The pastor founded the Peace Diamond initiative
[00:16:27] and with it this brand new
[00:16:30] school. Hello everyone,
[00:16:34] so today is the first day of your exams, is that right?
[00:16:37] "I am so proud, through the Peace Diamond, we concretely see what it
[00:16:41] produces when we give to the community. An
[00:16:44] audacious initiative of revolution for the youth of this
[00:16:47] rural region, until now, for lack of school,
[00:16:51] they had to join the district capital and leave their families
[00:16:54] prematurely. Many children drop out of school because of
[00:16:58] this, at 13 or 14 they were sent to the city, but they were not
[00:17:01] used to city life, housing conditions, safety
[00:17:04] issues, by the time they adapted..." returned to the
[00:17:08] village pregnant and became very young
[00:17:10] mothers.
[00:17:13] A campus born from the will of the pastor, but
[00:17:17] maintained by the diamond industry that seeks to restore its
[00:17:21] image. The funding for the school is provided by
[00:17:25] a foundation of the Rapaport Group, the same one that
[00:17:30] Diamond. Their intervention was
[00:17:33] decisive, they managed to bring qualified teachers.
[00:17:37] As well as a qualified director who managed to convince the
[00:17:40] community.
[00:17:43] The family business plans an extension to build a
[00:17:46] high school and also finances a health center that welcomes
[00:17:50] thousands of patients per year.
[00:17:53] Enough to make Koriardu more than just a beautiful
[00:17:56] story. The village is today the showcase
[00:18:00] of an industry that claims to be transformed,
[00:18:03] equitable and virtuous, a
[00:18:05] turning point of which the Peace Diamond is the founding
[00:18:08] symbol, as Martine Rapaport, patriarch of
[00:18:11] this family, one of the most
[00:18:15] influential in the sector, already said,
[00:18:18] it shows the way to a different future, people will buy diamonds
[00:18:21] for their social impact which is enormous, that's its
[00:18:25] value, that's
[00:18:26] it,
[00:18:29] through the Empower Africa foundation, the family regularly
[00:18:33] organizes field visits for diamond dealers from
[00:18:36] all over the world. and promotes this
[00:18:39] narrative.
[00:18:45] Participants will meet with mining communities and can
[00:18:48] reflect on ways to contribute to sustainable economic
[00:18:51] development.
[00:18:54] A few tens of kilometers away, however, the miners of the
[00:18:58] region tell a completely different story. Starting
[00:19:01] with the employees of Koidu Limited, the country's largest industrial
[00:19:05] mine, founded by. The group of an Israeli
[00:19:08] billionaire, a huge chasm that
[00:19:12] extracted 100 million dollars worth of stone every
[00:19:15] year, hello Mr. Rogers, hello everyone,
[00:19:19] so if I understand correctly, you are all former employees of what was the most
[00:19:22] prestigious company in
[00:19:23] Sierra Leone.
[00:19:27] At the end of 2024, the workers launched strike movements
[00:19:30] to obtain a salary increase. Overnight
[00:19:34] , the company then suspended its activities. and
[00:19:38] dismissed almost all of its 100 employees.
[00:19:41] Currently on trial, he recounts untenable working conditions
[00:19:45] to activist Ibrahim
[00:19:47] Bokari.
[00:19:50] On the field, I cut five fingers, I told them, but
[00:19:53] they didn't support me and fired me.
[00:19:57] For those who worked underground, they ate and relieved themselves in the same
[00:20:01] place. Sometimes some drank the water that flowed from the
[00:20:04] stone, we were never given drinking water.
[00:20:10] The unions estimate that Koidu Limited should owe its employees
[00:20:13] more than 32 million euros in unpaid
[00:20:16] wages. Through its lawyers, the company
[00:20:20] denounces unfounded and malicious accusations,
[00:20:24] based on falsified documents to
[00:20:27] extort money from the company, a
[00:20:30] defense that does not convince the activist. This is not the
[00:20:34] first time something like this has happened in the mining sector.
[00:20:43] We could call these investors polluters because they have infested our land and contaminated our population with diseases. This is a form of corporate
[00:20:47] banditry.
[00:20:50] And while industrial operations are regularly criticized for their
[00:20:53] practices, artisanal miners do not necessarily fare
[00:20:57] better. Hello everyone, how
[00:21:01] are you?
[00:21:03] Regularly, Ibrahim goes to meet them
[00:21:06] directly at the digging sites. Far from
[00:21:09] the slogans, these workers remain always the big
[00:21:13] losers in the diamond
[00:21:14] chain.
[00:21:20] "They just found that one, but it's really tiny, so
[00:21:24] they say it's only worth 5 or 10
[00:21:26] leones,
[00:21:29] barely a few tens of euro cents, a ridiculous price
[00:21:32] for a diamond, even a very small
[00:21:34] one, they have no digital tools
[00:21:38] to determine the value of a stone, so they themselves
[00:21:42] don't really have the means to know how much it is, this is what
[00:21:45] keeps people in a cycle of poverty, even when you
[00:21:49] find a..."
[00:22:23] The mother of the family arrived a few months ago, she is already looking to
[00:22:27] leave this industry which barely allows her to
[00:22:29] survive.
[00:22:32] These diamonds, we find them, but we suffer from them, and the more we
[00:22:36] suffer, the more we lose, while they profit
[00:22:40] from them, it is not a good life for
[00:22:43] us.
[00:22:46] A sector that no longer finances conflict, keeps its
[00:22:50] small hands in extreme precariousness, even
[00:22:53] if at the end of the chain, the profits are very
[00:22:56] real. This one has some
[00:22:59] impurities,
[00:23:02] the district is made up of chiefdoms that abound in
[00:23:06] diamonds, and these lands could still be exploited for more than
[00:23:09] 300 years. We
[00:23:11] also invite all miners and interested investors to come
[00:23:15] and partner with
[00:23:16] us.
[00:23:20] The association of district wholesalers is the lock
[00:23:24] that controls the local market, the heart of their
[00:23:27] power, to set the purchase price of stones from Kono
[00:23:30] miners and their resale price to
[00:23:33] exporters. When someone comes into my office, I have my
[00:23:36] loupe, I examine it closely under the light to see if the
[00:23:40] diamond is perfect, it has the clarity of the diamond, its
[00:23:43] shape and its weight in carats, all of that determines its
[00:23:46] price.
[00:23:51] We will not have more details, but off
[00:23:54] camera, we get an order of
[00:23:58] the city. A one-carat diamond, bought for a few
[00:24:02] tens of euros from miners, can be sold for between
[00:24:05] 2000 and 20000 euros in Western
[00:24:08] jewelers.
[00:24:12] Hello, hello everyone, hello
[00:24:14] chief,
[00:24:16] so today, this meeting aims to review the progress. Work within
[00:24:20] the community,
[00:24:22] tell us, how do you feel about the project so far in the
[00:24:26] village? Faced with this injustice,
[00:24:30] several communities in the district are trying to break free from this
[00:24:33] cycle supported by NGOs. For
[00:24:36] 3 years, the village of Yigbed has started to
[00:24:40] fill in its diamond pits. Here we
[00:24:43] have worked the mine for more than 30 years, we have gained nothing
[00:24:46] from it, today we are turning again to agriculture.
[00:24:51] This 14-hectare plot is thus gradually being transformed into
[00:24:54] rice paddies and the former miners have swapped their sieves
[00:24:58] for shovels and seedlings.
[00:25:02] This will improve our living conditions. First of all, we will be able to produce food
[00:25:06] for the community, for our village, people will therefore be
[00:25:09] more motivated to work in agriculture rather than returning
[00:25:13] to the mine.
[00:25:16] Preferring rice to diamonds, a revolution that is part of a.
[00:25:20] National strategy,
[00:25:22] one of the government's flagship programs is called "Feeding Sierra
[00:25:25] Leone", to supply the country and get involved in
[00:25:29] agriculture. The work that we do is to complement their
[00:25:32] efforts.
[00:25:35] A movement that is growing in the district, the NGO works
[00:25:39] on more than 200 sites to restore the
[00:25:41] land,
[00:25:43] a path that Pastor Momo also wishes to take for
[00:25:47] the future of his village.
[00:25:51] I know that I understand that diamonds have done more
[00:25:54] harm than good to this country. That
[00:25:57] is why I insisted to the
[00:26:01] education. If we want to transform the
[00:26:04] country, we must build schools
[00:26:08] and make these children the true diamonds of our
[00:26:11] time.
[00:26:15] The promise of Sierra Leone's diamonds still seems far from
[00:26:19] being realized. Despite the 250 million
[00:26:22] dollars of stones extracted each year from its soil, the
[00:26:26] country remains among the poorest on the
[00:26:28] planet.
[00:26:36] Every morning, Damien Coquet presents to you on the front page, to
[00:26:40] know what will be the news of the day, be
[00:26:43] there, find me all week in the front page on
[00:26:46] France
[00:26:47] 24,
[00:26:51] come on family, it's graduation in urban areas with
[00:26:54] Juliette on RFI,
[00:26:57] yeah, to go 5 km how long does it take you, me it
[00:27:00] takes me 21 minutes. 21 minutes, not seconds,
[00:27:04] 21 minutes, 21 minutes 40 ok, and
[00:27:07] you, well, 2 days and
[00:27:08] half
[00:27:12] we're still there if you start
[00:27:14] now
[00:27:17] but that's it I told you that's it you're going to start again you're going to start again that's it that's
[00:27:20] it
[00:27:23] urban legends to see on France 24 with my head in the clouds yeah
[00:27:27] I have my head
[00:27:28] in the clouds
[00:30:10] France 24, here are the headlines of this news report,
[00:30:14] the Glucksman surprise in France, Raphael Glucksman won
[00:30:18] the primary this evening, the socialist candidate for the presidency, the surprise is his
[00:30:21] score, 66% in the first round, far ahead of his competitors,
[00:30:25] so what line will the new man of the left defend, we will talk about it at the
[00:30:29] beginning of the news report.
[00:30:31] Donald Trump. ceasefire, it's the energy fire between
[00:30:34] Ukraine and Russia, without further details and without Kiev being informed.
[00:30:37] Volodymyr Zelensky says he is ready to accept this truce and
[00:30:41] organize elections, but still deplores Russian strikes against energy
[00:30:44] targets after the American
[00:30:45] announcement.
[00:30:48] And in Nepal, a second landslide in less than 2 months, this one occurred
[00:30:52] in the north of the country after a new flood, five missing, you
[00:30:55] will see the images of this spectacular
[00:30:58] landslide.