N1BOS — broadcast
20260807 030000 UTC
404 transcript segments
Google Speech-to-Text API Automatic Transcription (Chirp)
Data courtesy of The GDELT Project (https://www.gdeltproject.org/), from the Internet Archive TV News Archive.
Machine transcription. Treat it as a searchable index of what was broadcast, not a verbatim quotation record.

[00:00:00] to concentration in the atmosphere from combustion is changing our
[00:00:04] climate so much that we're seeing negative
[00:00:07] consequences for prosperity and world
[00:00:10] peace. the
[00:00:14] researchers are essentially searching for a way to recapture all
[00:00:18] that carbon. called netpec, their project brings
[00:00:21] of together scientists from range of
[00:00:24] of disciplines.feld is
[00:00:25] a climatologist, while Mattheus Mai works in the field of physical
[00:00:29] chemistry.
[00:00:54] a
[00:01:00] addition to the bubbles rising, black flakes are beginning to
[00:01:04] appear on the catalyst surface. That's the carbon we want
[00:01:08] to extract
[00:01:08] a from the process. The
[00:01:12] carbon flakes grow on the metal surface and are loosened
[00:01:16] by vibration. This is carbon in its
[00:01:20] purest form, graphite, like what's found in pencil
[00:01:23] led. It's non-toxic,
[00:01:26] of flame-resistant and can be
[00:01:27] of stored without any special precautions. "the
[00:01:31] catalyst determines what end products are produced, carbon flakes
[00:01:35] are just one option. the technology might still be in its
[00:01:38] infancy, but removing CO2 from the atmosphere is
[00:01:42] already being factored in to calculations involving
[00:01:46] a climate targets. im idealfall würden wir diese technologie nicht,
[00:01:49] ideally we wouldn't need this
[00:01:51] technology, ideally
[00:01:55] humanity would realize today that we need to stop burning
[00:01:58] hydrocarbons."
[00:02:02] of
[00:02:30] completely in the next
[00:02:31] of few years, even though that's what would actually be necessary to achieve
[00:02:35] climate targets and limit global warming to two degrees
[00:02:38] celsius. researchers compare the CO2 we're
[00:02:42] continuing to emit to an overdraft on your bank
[00:02:45] account.
[00:02:54] you can try to pay back the overdraft debt through what are known as
[00:02:58] negative emissions. This means that we
[00:03:02] extract CO2 that has already been released into the
[00:03:05] atmosphere and store it permanently. This makes it
[00:03:09] possible to still achieve these targets, at least in principle, but of
[00:03:13] course a higher
[00:03:14] cost.
[00:03:18] Time is
[00:03:19] of the essence. The netpec team is hoping for more funding so that it
[00:03:23] can work with more researchers to find solutions
[00:03:26] a to what is currently humanity's greatest problem.
[00:03:31] of In 10 years I want to be standing here and
[00:03:35] showing you mountains of carbon we've extracted from the
[00:03:37] atmosphere, better yet in
[00:03:40] of five years in winter in Europe when there are no
[00:03:43] leaves on the trees, there's little natural photosynthesis going
[00:03:46] on, but artificial photosynthesis could use
[00:03:50] every precious hour of sunshine in winter to continue removing
[00:03:54] CO2 from the atmosphere. Even then, however, it will play
[00:03:58] a secondary role.
[00:04:42] of
[00:05:04] Coming of up with a quick fix for the world's problems, that's not how the
[00:05:08] chemist next up on the show thinks. She also
[00:05:11] works with. ones that have evolved
[00:05:14] nature, in plants that sometimes have fascinating,
[00:05:18] exotic
[00:05:18] names.
[00:05:24] it may look and sound like a weed, but Japanese not
[00:05:27] weed, phalopia japonica can actually be a useful
[00:05:30] plant. harvested by hand to prevent damage, it
[00:05:34] grows almost everywhere along this tributary the river Rone in southern
[00:05:38] France. chemist Claude Grisson discovered it
[00:05:42] here.
[00:05:49] three to
[00:05:50] It grows four times faster than the other plants, so it suffocates biodiversity
[00:05:54] in this area, which has an exceptional array of plants, so it's a real
[00:05:58] catastrophy from ecological point of view, but also from
[00:06:01] economic point of view, because it chokes this tributary that should be
[00:06:05] regulating excess water from the run. One
[00:06:09] possibility would be to try and clear out the plants.
[00:06:13] but Claude Cruzant found a way to put them to good use. She developed
[00:06:17] a unique process to acquire natural catalysts. These are
[00:06:21] widely used in drug research and cosmetics production because they're highly
[00:06:25] efficient at speeding up complex chemical reactions to create new
[00:06:28] molecules. The plant has a unique
[00:06:32] physiology, it can emit molecules that poison its
[00:06:34] neighbors. Claude Grisson has
[00:06:38] long been fascinated by the incredible abilities of plants.
[00:06:42] More than 10 years ago she worked with a group of students researching the
[00:06:46] unique properties of indigenous species in New Caledonia, a French
[00:06:50] overseas territory in the
[00:06:51] pacific. In New
[00:06:55] Caledonia, I discovered some exceptional plant species that tolerate pollution
[00:06:59] so to speak. Better still, they can actually
[00:07:03] extract metals from their surroundings and store them in their
[00:07:06] leaves.
[00:07:16] Here in France, Cruzson has been focusing on invasive plants.
[00:07:20] Some species can purify polluted water, others like
[00:07:24] Japanese Knotweed, are now being processed in the lab for use industrial
[00:07:28] applications. The compagnie National
[00:07:31] Duron is in charge of managing land along the river and controlling
[00:07:35] invasive species here. Together with scientists, they harvest
[00:07:39] the plants across several administrative areas.
[00:08:13] then they're shredded and sent to the
[00:08:15] laboratory, here the plant material is placed
[00:08:19] in the oven to dry for few hours,
[00:08:23] only then is it ready for the chemical process in the lab.
[00:08:27] the resulting organic catalyst is mixed with water and few natural additives to
[00:08:31] create final product that's indispensable in cosmetics, for
[00:08:34] example. grieson's product is entirely
[00:08:37] natural. clean alternative for industry looking to
[00:08:40] shift away from harmful.
[00:09:13] Grizon's discoveries about plants in New Caledonia and France are so
[00:09:16] groundbreaking, she received the European Inventor award in
[00:09:19] 2022. The winner is Cloud
[00:09:23] Grizon, Claude Grisson,
[00:09:26] yes
[00:09:32] Claude Cruzson has already founded two companies, proof that her
[00:09:36] organic catalysts are in high
[00:09:38] demand.
[00:09:42] Our... last report introduces young archaeologist who's still in the
[00:09:46] early days of her career. she's drawn to the mummies
[00:09:49] left behind by the ancient Egyptians as well as the techniques they used
[00:09:53] to embam the bodies their departed. it's
[00:09:57] a field that involves working with materials that most people would find
[00:10:01] at least a little
[00:10:03] creepy.
[00:10:07] archaeologistski is currently taking 30
[00:10:11] samples of human. in out the incubator practically every
[00:10:15] day here at the University of Munich, she's
[00:10:18] drying, washing and embalming them, according to a
[00:10:21] process, the ancient Egyptians probably once per...
[00:10:55] has been drying out donated skin samples with baking
[00:10:58] soda and they're now documenting appearance, smell
[00:11:02] and weight and taking small snippets to analyze the
[00:11:06] tissue, dna and proteins. not an easy
[00:11:09] task, says nalish who heads the
[00:11:12] project. they're so dried
[00:11:16] out that you can't take a sample with scalple. that's
[00:11:19] surprising, but if we already had all the answers, we
[00:11:22] wouldn't have needed to perform the experiment.
[00:11:48] These are oils, fats and resins we think were used because the
[00:11:52] investigations at the sakara and bombing.
[00:12:05] research carried out few years ago has helped throw light on
[00:12:08] what substances the ancient Egyptians used in
[00:12:12] 2016 a German Egyptian team of scientists
[00:12:16] discovered an underground embalming workshop in Sakara near
[00:12:20] Cairo. In it were ancient jars that contained
[00:12:23] oil and ointment.
[00:12:25] "a lab analysis determined what they
[00:12:27] held, it was a real breakthrough because it
[00:12:31] was archological evidence of what substances were
[00:12:34] used, until then we only knew a little from
[00:12:38] whatsoditus and deodorus
[00:12:39] described, with
[00:12:43] the information provided by those ancient
[00:12:48] recreate historians the
[00:12:49] tried mification to process over 10 years ago a pig, but
[00:12:53] there was a major problem." such as Heroditus and
[00:12:56] Diodorus were writing centuries after the fact and their
[00:12:59] instructions were inaccurate. the current
[00:13:03] experiments are based a much better starting point. the
[00:13:07] scientists are trying out the original ingredients on several
[00:13:10] test samples at the same time, and they can compare the
[00:13:14] results they obtain with the real
[00:13:17] thing. since we're testing
[00:13:20] this on human skin, we're much closer to the original, to a
[00:13:24] mummy.
[00:13:28] The young archaeologist and the mummy researcher hope to soon have the
[00:13:32] first results from their experiments, but for
[00:13:36] now embalming is still on the daily
[00:13:39] agenda.
[00:14:53] Drones are becoming in. increasingly important in warfare, but did
[00:14:57] you know that they're also used to fight drug cartels and illegal gold
[00:15:01] mining? drones can gather information, can be armed and are
[00:15:05] getting smarter through AI. in theory, they're already able to
[00:15:09] recognize and kill humans. the new possibilities and
[00:15:13] great risks of drones, today on
[00:15:15] shift.
[00:15:19] from filling up to heating to shopping. costs keep
[00:15:23] climbing,
[00:15:24] and these could... the reason why in its war with Israel in the US,
[00:15:28] Iran is using swams of affordable drones, also
[00:15:31] targeting energy infrastructure in the Middle East, but why is
[00:15:35] Iran using them and what exactly? can
[00:15:37] they do after being attacked by
[00:15:41] Israeli and US aircraft, Iran has retaliated by
[00:15:45] targeting Israeli and American
[00:15:47] installations, but it's not
[00:15:50] stopped there, hitting hotels, ships and
[00:15:54] oil facilities in neighboring gulf states, often using
[00:15:58] swarms these kinds of
[00:16:00] drones, Iran has been
[00:16:03] building cheap military drones for years, one example is: the
[00:16:07] Shahet 136 Kamikazi drone, about 3 m
[00:16:11] long, it costs few €10,00 euros and can fly up to
[00:16:15] 2,000 km. its warhead weighs around 40
[00:16:18] kilograms and the drone can navigate almost entirely its
[00:16:22] own. humans only need to program the target
[00:16:25] coordinates. newer versions even have infrared
[00:16:28] cameras and simple AI systems that allow them to navigate
[00:16:32] when GPS is
[00:16:33] disrupted. often,
[00:16:37] Iran will launch entire drone swarms to force defenders to use
[00:16:41] up expensive conventional air defense missiles like the Patriot
[00:16:45] system. As result, many states are looking for more
[00:16:48] affordable options. One such system
[00:16:52] comes from Ukraine, interceptor drones like the P1 Sun
[00:16:56] or the Sting. They cost only around
[00:16:59] $100 have range of up to $300 meters and
[00:17:03] are controlled using VR glasses. Thanks to their high
[00:17:06] speed infra. red cameras and AI assisted targeting, they can intercept
[00:17:10] attacking drones by ramming them in midair or using small
[00:17:14] explosives. They're designed to be cheaper and faster than what
[00:17:18] they're meant to counter. These drones are even
[00:17:22] cheaper and can be bought in regular store for just few hundred
[00:17:25] euros. A 3D printed mount and a hand grenade are all it
[00:17:29] takes to repurpose them for military use, as seen in
[00:17:32] Ukraine. Lacking conventional weapons, the country has repurposed
[00:17:36] consumer drones. drastically changing the course the war,
[00:17:40] both Ukraine and Russia use drones to attack targets deep
[00:17:44] behind enemy lines, as well as at the front where a drone can
[00:17:47] appear any time over span of 20 to 30
[00:17:50] km. Military experts called these areas kill
[00:17:54] zones. For soldiers at the
[00:17:58] Ukrainian front, drones have been a huge game
[00:18:00] changer. Heavy equipment like tanks can be clunky and
[00:18:04] soldiers often struggle to advance safely.
[00:18:07] Benyamin Volber the European Defense tech Hub has been
[00:18:11] following Ukraine's new strategies.
[00:18:15] We've seen a change from centralized
[00:18:18] large regiments, large groups to decentralized warfare,
[00:18:22] small groups, hiding in dugouts, advancing during night or
[00:18:26] during fog and using fundamentally different tactics as we had
[00:18:30] it before. These drones are affordable, precise
[00:18:34] and easy to repurpose. So-called. person
[00:18:38] view drones originally built for hobby racing are especially
[00:18:41] common. They carry explosives and can destroy expensive
[00:18:45] targets like tanks. The pilots follow the drone's
[00:18:49] flight via video feed. The drones can travel distances
[00:18:53] of 20 km or more depending on their
[00:18:56] equipment. But this also creates new risks.
[00:19:00] Europe is facing the question of how to effectively defend itself against
[00:19:04] drones. As drone sightings over airport. in Denmark
[00:19:08] and Belgium and some temporary airport closures have shown this is an
[00:19:12] urgent issue. It also has
[00:19:15] psychological effect the civilian population
[00:19:19] being not sure what's going on, can our government, can our army
[00:19:23] protect us? It sparks fear. One way to counter
[00:19:26] drones is called jamming, which involves disrupting the drones radio
[00:19:30] signal so that the pilot loses
[00:19:32] control. The Danish company My
[00:19:36] Defense develops. jamming systems that can be used to protect
[00:19:40] airports and other critical
[00:19:42] infrastructure. we have
[00:19:46] detection of a drone and the drone is coming closer to our
[00:19:50] alarm zone, and as soon as it breaches an alert goes
[00:19:53] off and then uh jamming will start and really try
[00:19:57] to push the drone away. in Europe, business and the drone
[00:20:01] sector is booming and makers are also continuously improving their
[00:20:05] devices. to avoid... they've created so-called
[00:20:09] fiber optic drones, their thin cables, up to 50
[00:20:12] km long, connect the device to the
[00:20:15] pilot. as long
[00:20:18] as the fiber uh stays on and does not
[00:20:22] uh break or um get tiared, you uh
[00:20:26] see you what the drone says and your enemy cannot
[00:20:30] uh hack you communication. AI control drones are yet
[00:20:34] another option, these drones can identify targets on their... without
[00:20:38] any human input, in the Ukraine war, they are becoming
[00:20:42] increasingly
[00:20:45] importants race is already on
[00:20:49] the way,
[00:20:49] the Trump. has announced it aims to achieve drone dominance and wants
[00:20:53] to exploit the full potential of AI. it sees ethical
[00:20:57] concerns as obstacles and has stopped working with anthropic
[00:21:01] after the AI company refused to give up its ethical guidelines.
[00:21:05] these prohibit the use of its AI clot for mass surveillance
[00:21:09] or in fully autonomous weapons. but other AI and drone
[00:21:12] makers are continuing to work with the US military with results
[00:21:16] both impressive and unsettling.
[00:21:20] Early January 2026, a German-American
[00:21:23] manufacturer is demonstrating what its AI assisted combat drones can
[00:21:27] do a US Army exercise in
[00:21:30] Florida. After a soldier determines the
[00:21:34] targets, in this case several tanks, multiple drones take
[00:21:37] off. Guided
[00:21:41] by AI, each one is flying toward different
[00:21:45] tank. You no longer need
[00:21:48] pilots. manual control, instead everything is
[00:21:52] automated
[00:21:53] and the drones
[00:21:54] each a target during the exercise, in this case rubber
[00:21:57] tanks. this is the first time that anyone has been able to
[00:22:01] attack multiple targets simultaneously using a drone
[00:22:04] swarm, and we useed und das waren
[00:22:08] auch tatsächlich echte
[00:22:12] must gefechtsköpfe. targets
[00:22:13] human AI decide are systems always attacked, the which the individual drones
[00:22:17] are all connected in peacetime and war. Swarm Intelligence is
[00:22:21] an advantage. If a drone in the
[00:22:25] swarm is shot down, the next one takes over. They're in constant
[00:22:29] communication with each other, and not with ground control. This makes
[00:22:33] them fully autonomous. They always have the same information
[00:22:36] without being controlled by a central unit. They just continuously
[00:22:40] exchange data. This means a single soldier can
[00:22:44] use the tech to command an AI drone swarm of thousands to
[00:22:48] attack multiple targets simultaneous.
[00:23:50] in combatting organized cartels. In Chiapas, southern
[00:23:53] Mexico, authorities have granted police expanded powers,
[00:23:57] allowing it to test armed drones and robot dogs as it monitors the
[00:24:01] border with Guatemala, major route for human and drug
[00:24:04] trafficking. And drones are helping Mexican authorities in another
[00:24:08] project too. They're using AI to search for patterns and plans
[00:24:12] on the ground that could indicate graves. Investigators are hoping
[00:24:16] to find clues about the fate of tens of thousands of missing.
[00:24:20] persons, many them were probably kidnapped or killed and
[00:24:23] buried by the cartels. AI enhanced drones are also being used to
[00:24:27] fight crime in ghana, specifically to help locate illegal
[00:24:31] gold mines. Gana produces more gold than
[00:24:35] any other country in Africa, but the boom has a dark
[00:24:39] side. More and more people rely on illegal mining with
[00:24:43] dramatic consequences. Forests are disappearing and rivers are
[00:24:46] contaminated with chemicals like mercury and cyanide. To
[00:24:50] counter this, authorities and mining operators are now using drones to
[00:24:54] detect illegal mines early. The drone is faster
[00:24:57] way and it has faster coverage, so you
[00:25:01] could use few minutes to fly a drone over the whole
[00:25:05] concession, but if you would want to go physically,
[00:25:09] that would mean the use of fuel and human resource and going
[00:25:13] around all the mind. The minerals commission of gharna
[00:25:17] deploys the drones in different regions.
[00:25:21] The pilots learn to observe and document excavations and other
[00:25:25] activities happening close to rivers. The
[00:25:28] images are sent to a control room where a team uses AI
[00:25:32] to analyze them to see whether the gold mining is legal or
[00:25:36] illegal. If it suspects unlawful
[00:25:39] activity, it sends the exact coordinates to security
[00:25:43] forces.
[00:25:47] In years past where
[00:25:49] there was any. view or any AI, you just go by word of
[00:25:53] math, you you get people to tell you, oh there's illegal mining happening here,
[00:25:57] and before the tax force get there, there's no one
[00:26:00] there, so with this we able to... gets precision,
[00:26:04] like point blank, the location and the precise location
[00:26:07] of all these illegalities. since the drones
[00:26:11] also capture the excavators used in mining, officials have
[00:26:15] easier time telling who's involved, whether the mining is legal
[00:26:19] and where the extracted materials are going.
[00:26:22] because high prices are making gold mining increasingly
[00:26:25] attractive, experts expect a further rise in illegal mining
[00:26:29] and smuggling. drones are supposed to help stop the
[00:26:33] trend: so AI allows drones to help
[00:26:37] detect and fight illegal activities, but it also turns
[00:26:41] combat drones into highly efficient killing machines.
[00:26:44] organizations like stop killer robots fear the technology may
[00:26:48] not always distinguish friend from fall and that humans could
[00:26:52] lose control. they demand a ban on autonomous weapons,
[00:26:56] but the trend is currently moving in the opposite direction. what
[00:27:00] do you think, how dangerous are AI draws? Let us know
[00:27:03] and see you next
[00:27:04] time.
[00:28:18] statements of color and memory, of
[00:28:21] materials, movement and history.
[00:28:24] art brings people together, regardless of where you're
[00:28:28] from, if you're all coming together to appreciate some sort.
[00:28:33] of some form of art, you let go of your
[00:28:36] believes in Gana,
[00:28:40] art is the industry on the
[00:28:42] rise, according to a study by the
[00:28:45] organization art Basel in banking giant UBS,
[00:28:49] global art sales were an estimated $57.5
[00:28:53] billion dollars in 2024, while sales across Africa
[00:28:57] made up a minor percentage, industry leaders from across Ghana
[00:29:01] say demand for Ganean - is growing from within
[00:29:03] if ganyans are able to come
[00:29:07] together and say that we are going to collect our
[00:29:11] own people's art or promote
[00:29:14] our ganyan artists, i think that will
[00:29:18] really help the the economy. if we
[00:29:22] don't push our own artists, no one else is going to do that for
[00:29:25] us. what art looks like in ghana is a
[00:29:29] questioned rising artist denise gavumenta is?
[00:29:32] answering: i work in
[00:29:36] image transfer, digital
[00:29:38] collaging, and also i say archiving,
[00:29:42] because my practice begins with
[00:29:45] collecting and gathering objects that
[00:29:49] have been left behind by time.
[00:29:53] her solo exhibit, light years of us, debut during the
[00:29:56] 2025 Akr cultural week hosted by gallery
[00:29:59] 1957. the annual showcasing Ganean art
[00:30:03] has seen growing international interest. For Denise,
[00:30:07] showcasing these stories today has been boosted by the digital
[00:30:11] world. You have the opportunity to share what your work is about,
[00:30:15] and I think that has something to do with social media.
[00:30:19] Now this access to the information, the stories carried in
[00:30:23] these objects that we are making as artists, and that also gives them
[00:30:27] a lot more value. The
[00:30:30] numbers tell the same story. with online sales making up nearly
[00:30:34] fifth of all global art sales in 2024, according to an
[00:30:38] art basel and UBS study. Whether it's using digital tools to
[00:30:42] create art or using digital platforms to share art,
[00:30:46] technology has created a new global canvas for Ganean artists to
[00:30:50] use, and I think we have lot to do still, we have so much to
[00:30:53] do, but we're getting there slowly
[00:30:57] with all these opportunities that are now...