N1BOS — broadcast
20260816 020000 UTC
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[00:00:06] in
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[00:00:18] of
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[00:00:30] me
[00:00:36] of
[00:00:48] a
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[00:00:58] in of
[00:01:10] of
[00:01:15] of
[00:01:48] With Dr. Fouti appearing before a senate committee last week, we've been hearing the phrase
[00:01:52] gain of function research again. What does it actually mean?
[00:01:56] Basically, it's where genetic modifications are made an organism to change. what
[00:02:00] that organism can do, this has many positive uses, but gain of function
[00:02:04] can also be another way to describe the beginning of biological
[00:02:08] warfare, such as when you modify virus, and as if we don't have enough to worry
[00:02:11] about already, the specter of such warfare still haunts the world.
[00:02:15] think back several years ago to the beginning
[00:02:17] of the COVID outbreak, pretty scary stuff, required all hands on
[00:02:21] deck around the world, and yet COVID's letality was not even
[00:02:25] 1%. now imagine an organism designed to kill
[00:02:29] at something like a 100%
[00:02:31] and to be easily transmissible, it would make nuclear war look like
[00:02:34] child's play, sure, buildings would still be standing, but the people inside
[00:02:38] would all be dead. though biological warfare is
[00:02:41] a a war crime and is covered by the 1972 biological weapons convention,
[00:02:45] there's no guarantee that some lab out there isn't planning or engaged
[00:02:49] in it now, and even if no one tries to commit
[00:02:52] of biological warfare, there's that not too unlikely scenario of another
[00:02:56] lab leak, a phrase associated with the COVID outbreak as well.
[00:03:00] so we need to
[00:03:01] of think about the possibilities and to figure out how to prevent the worst. someone
[00:03:04] who's already done a lot of that thinking is investigative journalist Andy
[00:03:08] Jacobson. her specialty is war and weapons, not to mention
[00:03:11] government secrecy. in 2024 she
[00:03:14] of came out with nuclear war a scenario, and now she has new
[00:03:18] best seller. it is called biological war a
[00:03:22] scenario. and he joins me now. and
[00:03:24] your your book
[00:03:24] is not science fiction, you kind of reverse engineered
[00:03:28] it from pentagon doc. and the people who plan this sort of
[00:03:32] thing, walk me through how fast it moves, in other words, it
[00:03:36] starts with lab leak in
[00:03:38] of Siberia, in your scenario, how many days until total
[00:03:41] anarchy in the
[00:03:43] in U.S., well, I
[00:03:46] take the reader from outbreak, as
[00:03:48] you say, to anarchy in 6 days, because that
[00:03:52] is precisely what would happen if you have
[00:03:56] pathogen that has been genetically modified to be...
[00:04:00] hypervirulent, like kill lot of people, COVID killed
[00:04:03] 1% or less, there are pathogens, the one I use
[00:04:07] in my book, pneumonic plague, has 100% case
[00:04:11] fatality rate, if you also modify that to
[00:04:15] be
[00:04:16] you know human to human
[00:04:18] of transmissible, fancy word for airborne, and and it
[00:04:22] is also modified to defeat medical
[00:04:25] countermeasures, vaccines, antibiotics, now
[00:04:29] you have night scenario at scale that is
[00:04:33] happening so fast, there is just absolutely no
[00:04:36] way that the
[00:04:37] a government can respond. so in the book you
[00:04:41] alternate between laying out the data, the history, the
[00:04:44] of science, and then you paint the picture of this scenario, and
[00:04:47] there are any number of instances as I read the book where I found myself saying, wait a minute, is
[00:04:51] that actually true? so here's a detail that I couldn't shake, you
[00:04:55] have the soviets working to engineer this plague so that
[00:04:59] the... would feel more euporic so that they would go out and they
[00:05:03] would socialize. Is that
[00:05:05] true? It is true, and it's a detail
[00:05:09] that was given
[00:05:10] of to me by one
[00:05:10] of the world's subject matter. experts on plague, Dr.
[00:05:14] Henry Hein, he worked at Fort detrick at the usamrid
[00:05:18] facility, that's the defense department's only
[00:05:21] BSL4, that's a maximum containment
[00:05:24] facility in America, and Kine who
[00:05:28] told me that when they were working to develop, try and develop medical
[00:05:32] counter measures for plague in the early
[00:05:35] 2000s, they you know in the late 1990s is when they
[00:05:39] had learned the Russian scientists in their illegal.
[00:05:43] program were inserting the gene for
[00:05:46] euphoria into the front end the disease, and you
[00:05:50] might say, well, why on earth would anyone do that? well, if you feel
[00:05:54] terribly ill because you have plague, you're going to go
[00:05:58] home, get under the covers and not infect lot
[00:06:01] of people, but if you're feeling euphoria, you're
[00:06:05] going to naturally want to go out and socialize, you might even
[00:06:09] wind up a disco, which is where the scenario.
[00:06:13] begins okay, and this then creates the
[00:06:17] dammed if you do, dammed if you don't scenario relative to gain of
[00:06:20] function research, because if we think that some of our
[00:06:23] adversaries are engaged in this sort of experimentation, the
[00:06:27] only way you correct me if i'm wrong, that we can be ready is
[00:06:31] if we too are involved in gain a function research,
[00:06:35] so what should we be doing?
[00:06:39] mean, you've hit the nail on the head with the catch 22.
[00:06:42] often of war gaming, of actual warfare, which
[00:06:46] is sword and shield, count,
[00:06:50] attack, offense, defense, and so gain of function does
[00:06:54] exactly that, it's it's looking at pathogens and trying to give
[00:06:58] them more, virulance, make
[00:07:01] them airborne, defeat medical counter
[00:07:04] measures, under the premise
[00:07:07] that you're actually doing defensive work, so that
[00:07:10] if someone attacks you
[00:07:12] with a... modified weapon, you have some sense
[00:07:16] of how to perhaps make a countermeasure, but of course we
[00:07:19] know from covid, that this creates an extremely dangerous
[00:07:23] situation whereby the threat, the
[00:07:27] risk, i think most people would tell you is so
[00:07:31] much greater than any potential
[00:07:33] reward. you deliberately
[00:07:36] anchored so many plot points to something that has actually happened
[00:07:40] in COVID, the cruise ship. uh, the wet market
[00:07:44] explanation, even an aircraft carrier that's taken out a commission, why, why was it
[00:07:48] important to you that none of this be invented and that you were able to peg
[00:07:52] it to real events? for the same
[00:07:55] reason i put my sources right up front, i
[00:07:59] list who i spoke to, do this in nuclear war scenario and do
[00:08:03] it in biological war scenario. i want readers to understand
[00:08:07] that these are scenarios that are gamed out by the
[00:08:10] pentagon, it's not the only... scenario, it's one them,
[00:08:14] and so you get the sense of this could actually happen,
[00:08:18] and people are thinking about this. I'm not writing to terrify
[00:08:22] people, the point is really not panic as much as it
[00:08:26] is pressure, because once the regular folks, we
[00:08:29] the people understand, these are major threats,
[00:08:33] they exist, the government is trying to prepare for them, and in essence
[00:08:37] knows there is nothing they can do, then we can all have
[00:08:41] a sort of more and... formed say and what we think about something,
[00:08:45] like, for example, gain a
[00:08:47] function.
[00:15:14] The AI revolution is here, but along with incredible opportunities come
[00:15:18] new risks, criminals using AI to scam victims out of hundreds of
[00:15:21] thousands of dollars, data centers consuming vast amounts of energy and
[00:15:25] water and intelligence agencies warning that advanced AI could
[00:15:29] supercharge cyber attacks, so how worried should we be,
[00:15:32] and who should be held accountable? let's get into
[00:15:34] it. think you'd never
[00:15:38] fall for an online scam? well, it can happen to anyone. this
[00:15:42] businessman lost $400,00 to an AI driven crypto
[00:15:46] scam. i still wake up occasionally in the middle the night with
[00:15:49] anxiety where it just all of sudden hits me. AI assisted scams
[00:15:53] are a steep rise according to crime researchers and the FBI.
[00:15:57] criminal networks use AI to work across borders and languages,
[00:16:01] reaching more victims than ever before. here's what you can learn from Chris's
[00:16:04] story. i mentalized. through
[00:16:08] Facebook um, november
[00:16:11] 2024, um, I got a friend request, they
[00:16:15] began talking, eventually Eliza brought up crypto investments
[00:16:18] and how much money she made with it, they even had a video call, Eliza
[00:16:22] looked real, Chris decided to invest. This was a way for
[00:16:26] me to grow my retirement fund. I had no
[00:16:30] plans to stay in it for very long. The platform showed steady
[00:16:34] profits, everything seemed legit until Chris mentioned. to her
[00:16:37] friend, i have this friend she's
[00:16:39] a bank manager, she said what are you doing chris? i said, well, it's
[00:16:43] part of my investment, she goes, what are you investing in? she said,
[00:16:46] chris, you were
[00:16:49] scammed. the investment platform was fake, the profits
[00:16:53] were fake, and chris still doesn't know whether he was talking to a
[00:16:57] person or in AI. there were real people involved, however, one
[00:17:00] time a man physically came to Chris's house to collect cash in person. minutes
[00:17:04] later, the cash showed up in his investment account and Chris real... lies he had been
[00:17:08] scammed, he sent dorble camera footage to law enforcement, but so far no
[00:17:12] luck catching the man. i was planning to retire in like another three or four
[00:17:16] years, that unless something changes, that's not going
[00:17:19] to happen, which is, to say it's
[00:17:23] discouraging is probably a gross
[00:17:25] understatement. this isn't an isolated
[00:17:29] case. scammers around the world use the same playbook, create
[00:17:33] fake identity, build trust, convince someone to invest, then
[00:17:36] dicep There are entire scam factories often based in
[00:17:40] Southeast Asia, they are known to force human trafficked victims to work in
[00:17:44] teams to scam people worldwide. Experts estimate that hundreds of
[00:17:48] thousands of traffic victims are involved in such operations, and
[00:17:51] technology is supercharging this. AI can help
[00:17:55] criminals write convincing messages in many languages, it can create
[00:17:59] realistic images, it can clone voices and it makes fake
[00:18:03] identities much harder to detect. As large language models, for
[00:18:06] example, got in better and better, you're suddenly
[00:18:09] globalizing the audience you can communicate with. some scam
[00:18:13] factories use specialized software that incorporates leading AI models to
[00:18:17] automate and scale their operations. recent investigation found
[00:18:21] open AI chat gpt and google's germini to be the most used
[00:18:24] tools, but models from Europe and China were also used. internet
[00:18:28] access is another key part the operation. Starlink is the number
[00:18:32] one internet service provider in Myanmar where many scam factories are
[00:18:35] based. is these compounds continue to connect to the
[00:18:39] internet and the way that they get around all the other restrictions that are put in
[00:18:43] place. that raises the question of who cares responsibility here?
[00:18:47] is big tech to blame? most technology companies have guidelines
[00:18:51] that forbid criminal use their products, but they also argue that monitoring
[00:18:54] all user activity would raise privacy concerns. some companies have taken
[00:18:58] action. starling says it has disabled thousands of internet terminals
[00:19:02] linked to scam compounds. yet investigators say new sites continue
[00:19:06] to emerge using Starling again critics argue that AI companies
[00:19:10] and internet providers have the technical ability to do more but lack
[00:19:14] regulatory pressure. The United Kingdom, the European Union,
[00:19:17] Australia and Singapore have introduced rules that require companies
[00:19:21] to better prevent online scams, but regulation takes time,
[00:19:25] so what can you do right now? If someone you meet online starts talking about
[00:19:29] investments, be careful, if they pressure you to move money quickly, that's
[00:19:32] a major red flag. Use reverse image search to check
[00:19:36] profile photo. never invest through a link sent by someone you've only met
[00:19:40] online, search independently before sending any money, and
[00:19:44] if something feels off, trust that feeling. you can even paste your chat into an
[00:19:48] AI tool and ask if it looks like a scam. if you suspect you're being
[00:19:52] scammed, stop sending money immediately, save messages and take
[00:19:55] screenshots of payments. report the scam even if you might not get your money
[00:19:59] back, you could prevent others from faulding for the same scam. because as AI
[00:20:03] continues evolve, your best defense isn't just better technology, it's
[00:20:07] knowing how these scams really work, stay
[00:20:10] safe. what if your next
[00:20:13] electricity bill came with reward for using less power so data center
[00:20:17] can use more? techgiant google is starting to pay people for
[00:20:21] small amounts their unused energy from household appliances and evs
[00:20:25] for example. the idea turn millions of everyday devices into a
[00:20:28] virtual power plant for data centers. sounds
[00:20:32] crazy, well as ai use is exploding, data centers need huge amounts
[00:20:36] of electricity, they leave a massive environmental footprint because of carbon
[00:20:39] emissions and extensive water use for cooling. regions in Asia and Latin
[00:20:43] America are seeing data center boom. They can bring jobs and
[00:20:47] investment, but also strain power. supply and increase water and
[00:20:51] energy costs, so communities are asking, how do we balance the
[00:20:55] benefits and the downsides? let's break it down. data
[00:20:58] centers use enormous amounts of electricity, some the biggest ones can
[00:21:02] consume as much power as around 50,00 homes together, and
[00:21:06] for people living nearby that could affect energy supply. take Mumbai for
[00:21:10] example, experts say the data centers could use one third the city's
[00:21:13] electricity by 2030. one idea we've already
[00:21:17] teased virtual power plants or VP The concept is
[00:21:21] simple: rather than one big power source, a VPP connects thousands
[00:21:25] of smaller ones, home batteries, EV charges, rooftop solar
[00:21:28] systems. People get paid to share that energy, helping ease pressure on
[00:21:32] the grid. Data centers use large amounts of water, mainly to
[00:21:36] cool their service. According to recent United Nations report, data centers
[00:21:40] could consume over 9 trillion liters of water every year by 2030,
[00:21:44] that's roughly equivalent to the drinking water needs the entire world
[00:21:48] population a year. In summary. regions like Latin America, growing
[00:21:51] demand is causing tension, residents are worried about water use during
[00:21:55] droughts. In Uruguay, for example, mass protest broke out after
[00:21:59] a google data center was proposed during the country's worst drought in 70
[00:22:03] years. A similar fight played out in Chile, one the most drout prone countries
[00:22:07] in Latin America. In Santiago Cerio's district, a proposed
[00:22:10] Google data center was projected to use 7.6 million liters of
[00:22:14] water a day, which is about as much water as the surrounding community uses
[00:22:18] in year, so what? the cooling water didn't have to come from rivers or
[00:22:22] groundwater. one idea: put data centers in the ocean. China
[00:22:26] has recently launched an underwater data center. submerged 10 kmters
[00:22:29] off the coast of Shanghai, it sits 10 meters below the
[00:22:33] surface. The cooling happens naturally there, but some
[00:22:37] worry that projects like these would disturb marine ecosystems. Data
[00:22:40] centers don't just consume resources, they also occupy land.
[00:22:44] Some few whole communities could be displaced. It's already
[00:22:48] happening in India where local farmers. refuse to give up their land for a Google
[00:22:52] Data Center, so to avoid putting any more stress on the planet,
[00:22:56] some are looking beyond earth. Researchers in Singapore have proposed a
[00:22:59] system where satellites in low earth orbit could act like data centers,
[00:23:03] sharing computing power, storage and network traffic. To have data centers
[00:23:07] in space offers two big advantages: almost unlimited solar
[00:23:10] energy and natural cooling from the extreme cold of space. Europe's
[00:23:14] Ascen project, UAE's Madari Space and China are already
[00:23:18] testing prototypes. but there are some problems,
[00:23:21] cost, difficult maintenance or space deberry, to name few. In the
[00:23:25] end, feelings are mixed. In some places, data centers were once
[00:23:29] welcomed, like in the US state of Virginia, where they supported over
[00:23:32] 75,000 jobs across the state and generated more than 1.6
[00:23:36] billion dollars in tax revenue in 2023, but over time the public
[00:23:40] there turned against them. bottom line, data centers bring jobs,
[00:23:43] innovation and growth, but also noise, pressure on resources and
[00:23:47] environmental concerns and while the... benefits might be global,
[00:23:51] the impact is felt most strongly at the local level. so what do you
[00:23:55] think? is it fair trade-off? what's your take on this? let us
[00:23:58] know. imagine waking up, your bank
[00:24:02] account locked, the power grid completely down, government
[00:24:05] websites suddenly switched off, an entire country's critical
[00:24:09] infrastructure crippled in seconds, not by an army of human hackers,
[00:24:13] but by a single AI model. sounds like sci-fi right, but according to
[00:24:17] rare and urgent warning from the five ice intelligence. alliance a
[00:24:20] scenario like this is only few months away. the joint statement of five
[00:24:24] country security agency says that AI accelerates the speed,
[00:24:28] scale and sophistication of cyber threats and urges global leaders
[00:24:32] to act right now. what's more? this initiative took place in June, only
[00:24:36] days after the Trump administration officially blocked foreign nationals
[00:24:40] from accessing anthropic's mythis and fable models. is the global ai
[00:24:44] race playing out as a cyber weapons arms race? let's dive
[00:24:48] in. the five eyes are: science issued a blanket warning about the
[00:24:52] dangers of so-called frontier AI models, but right now entropics
[00:24:55] newest tech is taking center stage. in very simple terms, standard
[00:24:59] AI can code and fix bugs. frontier models like
[00:25:03] mythis can scan code, find flaws and then plan, test and
[00:25:07] launch a full cyber attack. previously, targeted zero
[00:25:11] day exploits could only be executed by advanced hackers. that means
[00:25:14] detecting deeply hidden software vulnerabilities that the creators don't
[00:25:18] even know exist. now anyone with an internet connection and access to
[00:25:22] capable frontier model could theoretically do that. this drastically
[00:25:26] accelerates the speed and scale of cyber warfare. for
[00:25:30] this reason, anthropic had kept its most powerful frontier model, claud
[00:25:34] mythus 5, restricted to select corporations to help strengthen
[00:25:37] cyber defenses. its hacking capabilities were deemed too dangerous for
[00:25:41] public use. claud fable 5 was supposed to be the safe public version
[00:25:45] with built in guard rails, but the Trump administration didn't agree. the
[00:25:49] express... concerns over a potential security flaw citing
[00:25:52] jailbreak that allowed users to bypass the AI
[00:25:55] safeguards. US authorities claim there was an unacceptable
[00:25:59] risk these models being diverted into military and intelligence
[00:26:03] and use by foreign adversaries, so they banned access to both
[00:26:07] models for all foreign nationals overnight, a move strongly criticized by
[00:26:11] developers and experts. following negotiations,
[00:26:14] Anthropic officially redeployed and restored Cloud Fable 5 on July
[00:26:18] first, but what were the global implications the short-lift
[00:26:22] ban? global fallout was massive, by pulling the plug overnight,
[00:26:25] Washington didn't just hold back a piece of software, they shuttered global trust in
[00:26:29] American tech. many leaders believed that powerful models fable could
[00:26:33] help patch their own cyber security to avoid doomsday scenarios like the one we
[00:26:37] talked about in the beginning, but if the Trump administration can just cut off
[00:26:41] anyone, even an alli like Australia, which had just signed major
[00:26:45] national AI deal with anthropic, what stopping them from blocking access to other
[00:26:49] crucial software. If techs across Europe, Asia and Latin America
[00:26:53] realize they can't rely on American platforms, they were inevitably look for
[00:26:57] alternatives like the advanced state-backed open source models flowing
[00:27:01] out of China, and they have... their very own flaws around the world, there are
[00:27:04] initiatives to become less dependent on US tech, especially AI.
[00:27:08] the EU, for example, is pushing hard for much more digital sovereignty at the
[00:27:12] moment, but it's a long way to go, because AI needs massive
[00:27:15] infrastructure and investments. that's why many experts
[00:27:19] and politicians are calling for international cooperation to rain
[00:27:23] in the risk of unregulated AI development. do you think that's
[00:27:27] realistic? let us know in the comments. that's all for me today. bye and see you next
[00:27:31] time.
[00:27:58] What satellite can do for you? This one circles the earth.
[00:28:02] about 15 times a day hunting for methane
[00:28:06] leaks that are warming the planet. CNN's chief
[00:28:10] climate correspondent Bill Weer is with us now, so it hunts them, it sees
[00:28:14] them, it videos them, and then it's about accountability. And then it's about calling out
[00:28:17] countries and super polluters. What if we could see the source of climate
[00:28:21] change, would we act differently uh as people? Well, that is the theory
[00:28:25] behind this particular experiment. This is what methane looks like with a special
[00:28:29] camera. This is 90% of natural gass it is as marketed. is
[00:28:33] methane, which is much more potent of a planet cooking
[00:28:36] pollution, 85 times more powerful than CO2. of co2 is
[00:28:40] a blanket of average thickness, methane, or methane, as
[00:28:44] they say in England, is a blanket that's about as thick as LeBron James's tall, much
[00:28:48] more potent, much easier to see and then capture, so the
[00:28:52] EDF environmental defense fund launched this satellite last
[00:28:55] year, it goes around the earth every couple hours and spots
[00:28:59] exactly where these leaks are happening, and now We're finally getting the
[00:29:03] data on where these things are happening right now, and let
[00:29:06] me let me take you around the country a little bit, starting in Appalacia, we talked
[00:29:10] lot about Pennsylvania fracking, there it is leaking four times
[00:29:14] the industry set rate, it turns out the satellite is finding three to
[00:29:18] five times more than even the environmental defense fund had predicted
[00:29:22] inta basin in Utah, just outside of Salt Lake
[00:29:26] City to the east there, 45 times what the
[00:29:30] industry says is happening there, that's a much smaller. basin so it doesn't produce
[00:29:34] a lot of oil and gas,
[00:29:35] but is leaking enormous amounts
[00:29:36] of methane, and then when you get to the permian basin, that is the beating heart
[00:29:40] the Texas oil patch, it goes into New Mexico there, between 9
[00:29:44] and 15 times higher than the industry has admitted, the
[00:29:47] question now is what are these companies going to do about it? well, first of all,
[00:29:51] methane, man, the UK, they talk funny, two, what is the Trump
[00:29:55] administration's view on all this? well, if you take uh the early statements
[00:29:59] and the whole project 2025 thing, they have just sort of a... mearing
[00:30:03] to stain for any regulation in the space, feeling emboldened, lot
[00:30:06] of fracking companies are saying, you can ignore this, but physics you
[00:30:10] can't ignore, this is happening, this is uh heating up the planet in real
[00:30:14] time.
[00:30:35] Iako smo tek u avgustu, već imamo pet filmova koji su uspeli
[00:30:39] da zarade preko milijardu dolara. Ranijih godina dešavalo se
[00:30:43] da to budu jedan ili dva filma na nivou cele godine. Tri od
[00:30:47] tih pet još uvek su u bioskoppima, pa proveravamo kako se
[00:30:51] kotiraju i oni ostali. Dobrodošli u movie top
[00:30:54] 10 kanalu N1. Ovako
[00:30:58] izgleda aktuelna američka boksofica.