N1BOS — broadcast
20260917 033000 UTC
367 transcript segments
Google Cloud Speech-to-Text API (Chirp) + Gemini 2.5 Flash Non-Thinking
Data courtesy of The GDELT Project (https://www.gdeltproject.org/), from the Internet Archive TV News Archive.
Machine transcription. Treat it as a searchable index of what was broadcast, not a verbatim quotation record.

[00:00:00] help with the model, so we made figures out of
[00:00:04] dough and they drew and so I helped them a little, hung out with
[00:00:08] them and uh, I got a little
[00:00:11] younger even more.
[00:00:14] The youngest members of the society learned an important life lesson through
[00:00:18] this action: how to be a good
[00:00:21] person. With their example, they showed
[00:00:25] their peers, but also adults, how with good
[00:00:28] will and a little effort someone... whom we can help a lot,
[00:00:31] comes the winter period,
[00:00:34] meaning children go to school then it's cold and they don't socialize, so that they don't
[00:00:38] hang around corners, a little on
[00:00:42] the street over here, let's interest them in
[00:00:45] something, to teach them to be socially
[00:00:49] useful. If they are
[00:00:52] useful to society, they will be useful to themselves and
[00:00:55] to society. We grew up with
[00:00:57] some shows by Branko... Kockica
[00:01:00] and similar, so we learned some
[00:01:04] values, so let's pass on the
[00:01:08] same values to these children today, so that they can be good
[00:01:11] people. After the sales exhibition, the second
[00:01:15] part of the action followed. Santa Claus went in a fire truck from
[00:01:18] address to address, handing out packages, and
[00:01:21] the children left this part of the action to their
[00:01:24] older colleagues from the volunteer fire
[00:01:27] department. Thus, with joint cooperation, the main goal was achieved: to make
[00:01:31] the youngest happy for the holidays. I first drew
[00:01:34] some
[00:01:37] drawing, firefighters come to put out the fire
[00:01:40] from the house, so my sister scratched it, then
[00:01:44] our dad printed something and I
[00:01:48] colored it, so I drew drawings and
[00:01:50] I made buildings and
[00:01:54] a hospital, it was nice and fun for
[00:01:57] me. To be a hero means to help
[00:02:00] whoever needs help.
[00:02:04] Good deeds must not go unnoticed.
[00:02:08] Report and present your
[00:02:10] hero, share with us the good in people.
[00:03:56] More air conditioners, more data centers, more electric cars.
[00:04:00] Around the world, we're using more and more
[00:04:02] electricity,
[00:04:05] but there's good news, wind and solar power are stepping up to
[00:04:08] meet that demand. Less fossil fuels, more
[00:04:12] renewables, the green energy transition is underway,
[00:04:15] and scientists are working on something even bigger, nuclear
[00:04:19] fusion. It's a potential game changer, unlimited energy
[00:04:23] emission free.
[00:04:26] Join us for electrifying insights on this addition.
[00:04:31] of dw science show, welcome to tomorrow
[00:04:33] today.
[00:04:35] what does a donut have to do with the
[00:04:37] quite a sun? what does a blowpipe have to do with a
[00:04:40] furnace? and what happened on May 22nd,
[00:04:43] 2025? a really exciting day here at the
[00:04:46] institute, it was top
[00:04:49] notch, but first things
[00:04:52] first, let's start with our everburning star and a
[00:04:55] question, can the sun's fusion process be replicated
[00:04:59] to? energy here on earth? scientists have
[00:05:03] been trying and failing to achieve this for
[00:05:05] decades. we still don't have commercial fusion
[00:05:09] reactors, but we do have research.
[00:06:01] At w7x we mainly produce hydrogen
[00:06:04] plasmas, we feed in hydrogen gas which is
[00:06:08] ionized by heater and turned into a
[00:06:10] plasma.
[00:06:14] Here's how it works: inside the machine is vacuum
[00:06:17] chamber shaped like twisted
[00:06:19] donnut.
[00:06:22] Normally, a tiny amount of hydrogen enters as a gas through a
[00:06:25] valve and is heated to extreme
[00:06:27] temperatures.
[00:06:30] Microwaves then strike the hydrogen atoms,
[00:06:34] ionizing them and transforming the gas into a plasma,
[00:06:37] heated to tens of millions of degrees
[00:06:40] celsius. The plasma.
[00:07:12] The successful attempt relied a new approach. Instead of feeding
[00:07:16] hydrogen gas through a valve, researchers use tiny frozen
[00:07:20] hydrogen
[00:07:20] pellets.
[00:07:25] They're shot in through kind of blowpipe, like the ones we made back in
[00:07:28] school, but these pellets are propelled by pressurized
[00:07:32] gas. They dissolve, melt, and quickly vaporize,
[00:07:36] becoming plasma. So there's a constant supply of plasma
[00:07:39] like shoveling coal into a furnace. die Kohle
[00:07:43] nachschaufeln, das ist das gleiche.
[00:07:46] The heat in this furnace is contained by magnetic fields
[00:07:49] generated by a complex array of
[00:07:51] magnets. They keep the plasma from touching
[00:07:55] the chamber walls because contact would cool it down
[00:07:59] instantly. Designing the W7X
[00:08:02] magnet configuration required supercomputers and years of
[00:08:06] planning.
[00:08:08] So, when can we expect the first fusion reactor to go online?
[00:08:15] a conservative estimate says sometime in the second half of the
[00:08:18] century, 2060 or 2070, something like
[00:08:22] that, but it's pointless to speculate, because we
[00:08:25] could also take a much bolder, unconventional approach. in
[00:08:29] fact, many startups are doing that.
[00:08:33] there are now about 50 fusion startups worldwide, taking a
[00:08:36] variety of approaches. they're aiming for success in the
[00:08:40] 2030s, which is practically tomorrow. but whether it will
[00:08:43] be the 2030s or the 2070s is something that
[00:08:47] no one can say for sure.
[00:08:50] for
[00:08:52] now the accelerator is undergoing maintenance with number of
[00:08:56] upgrades scheduled over the next few months.
[00:09:00] then w7x will be back and chasing new
[00:09:03] records.
[00:09:08] did you know that nuclear fishion, the process behind nuclear power?
[00:09:12] day is considered more dangerous than nuclear
[00:09:15] fusion, fish in accidents can release massive amounts of
[00:09:19] radioactive material, as happened in Fukushima and
[00:09:23] Chernoble. Fusion is safer and doesn't
[00:09:26] produce high-level radioactive waste that must be stored
[00:09:29] safely for millennia, yet Finland is betting a
[00:09:33] future powered by nuclear
[00:09:35] fishion.
[00:09:41] Peninsula on Finland's. West coast is one of the country's
[00:09:44] most important energy hubs. It's home
[00:09:47] to three nuclear reactor units. The newest one went
[00:09:51] into commercial operation in 2023. The turbine
[00:09:54] hall is where the massive generators are located. They're driven by
[00:09:58] heat from the reactor, which is how the electricity is
[00:10:01] produced.
[00:10:05] Alquiloato 3 has capacity of 1600
[00:10:08] megwts, making it one of the largest nuclear reactors in the
[00:10:11] EU. The facility covers about 14% of
[00:10:15] Finland's electricity production.
[00:10:18] The company's press officer says public concerns were
[00:10:21] minimal. We have been measuring for 40 years
[00:10:24] this. people fear and what what how do they like
[00:10:28] nuclear power and uh they they like
[00:10:32] nuclear power lot today, they are not afraid of the
[00:10:35] waste, it's not a major concern anymore, we have
[00:10:38] solution here in alkilot so the support for
[00:10:42] nuclear is good in every
[00:10:44] party, but there were some problems here
[00:10:48] too, construction was supposed to last from 2005 to
[00:10:52] 2009, but in the end it took 14. additional
[00:10:55] years. The project was plagued with delays including loose
[00:10:59] parts in the turbine and issues with the instrumentation and control
[00:11:03] system. After multiple repairs, the final cost had
[00:11:07] 11 billion euros, about four times the original
[00:11:10] budget. So we were, we were pioneers, so there was
[00:11:14] a long break that nobody was building here in western
[00:11:18] Europe, nuclear power,
[00:11:20] so the readiness to build was not
[00:11:24] very good. and also the power plant was new
[00:11:27] design and it was uh
[00:11:31] not designed in detail level, so plans
[00:11:35] were changed during the project, but
[00:11:38] there were no protests over the delays and soring
[00:11:41] costs, and now the new plant is delivering
[00:11:44] electricity to the country. as in
[00:11:47] France, in Finland, nuclear energy is considered green
[00:11:51] energy. the operator has proudly called the new
[00:11:54] reactor. Finland's largest climate
[00:11:56] project.
[00:12:00] Finland is one of several European nations investing in nuclear
[00:12:04] energy. New reactors are underway in
[00:12:07] France, and Slovakia, while
[00:12:09] Poland is preparing to build its first commercial nuclear power
[00:12:13] plant.
[00:12:16] The question is, what is ultimately the better
[00:12:18] past? I think that when you look at new build
[00:12:22] projects today, the cost increases.
[00:12:55] nuclear power than without it, the finish
[00:12:58] operators don't understand Germany's nuclear phase
[00:13:01] out, because big country like Germany, very big
[00:13:05] country, so if you want to reach
[00:13:08] reach 100% renewables and electricity
[00:13:11] systems, we haven't seen it yet in a big
[00:13:15] country, so all the best for the for this
[00:13:18] challenging effort that
[00:13:22] that you can hopefully do without nock.
[00:13:25] but the our solution is is
[00:13:28] nuclear and renewables together. the
[00:13:31] finns have also found solution for the nuclear
[00:13:34] waste. geologist Johanna
[00:13:37] savunan is on her way to the construction site near the power
[00:13:40] plants. at more than 450 meters
[00:13:44] below ground, the world's first permanent repository for
[00:13:47] high-level radioactive waste is taking
[00:13:50] shape.
[00:13:53] underground tunnels will soon. store spent fuel rods for thousands of
[00:13:57] years, the nuclear waste bunker has attracted
[00:14:00] worldwide attention.
[00:14:04] i feel proud, i feel proud that we are taking action in a
[00:14:08] difficult manner and not just waiting for some
[00:14:11] others to show the way. i feel that this
[00:14:15] is an issue that needs to be solved and i'm i feel proud
[00:14:18] that Finland is doing exactly that.
[00:14:22] 300 meters long and carved into granite. rock,
[00:14:26] the tunnels will one day store highly radioactive
[00:14:29] nuclear waste. An elevator will bring the
[00:14:32] copper canisters filled with spent fuel elements down into the
[00:14:36] repository. Each canister will be placed in a
[00:14:39] hole. The holes and the tunnel will be plugged with
[00:14:42] bentonite, and the tunnel finally will be sealed with
[00:14:46] concrete.
[00:14:48] The onkalo repository will go online in 2026. The
[00:14:52] waste will remain here for over 10000 years. until it
[00:14:56] is only minimally radioactive.
[00:14:59] radioactive waste is
[00:15:02] difficult subject and people don't know lot about
[00:15:06] it, so people tend to be afraid of something they don't know
[00:15:10] about. many fins place great trust in
[00:15:14] the work of their scientists. they
[00:15:16] believe that nuclear power is the best choice, and that
[00:15:20] mix of wind power and nuclear energy will secure
[00:15:23] an emissions free.
[00:16:08] It was agreed that we would search for the best possible repository site
[00:16:11] a white map, based solely on scientific
[00:16:14] criteria.
[00:16:16] That s apart from many countries in the world, including
[00:16:19] Finland, where the search followed a completely different process. And
[00:16:23] the public debate was very
[00:16:25] different.
[00:16:29] Finland is the first country in the world to develop a long-term
[00:16:33] storage plan for its nuclear waste.
[00:16:38] and the reactors in Orkiluoto will supply the
[00:16:41] fins with electricity for decades to
[00:16:43] come.
[00:16:49] By 2030, Germany aims to generate 80%
[00:16:53] of its electricity from renewables like wind and solar
[00:16:57] power. A key part of this green energy
[00:17:00] transition is battery storage. It
[00:17:03] stores excess energy for later use when demand is high.
[00:17:07] that helps stabilize the power grid and prevent
[00:17:10] overloads.
[00:17:16] The energy transition is happening right here in Valsum. A battery
[00:17:20] energy storage system is being built a four hour
[00:17:23] system. It will deliver 50 megw of
[00:17:27] power enough to supply a mid-sized German city
[00:17:30] of 10000 to 150,000 people for 4
[00:17:33] hours.
[00:17:37] It has to make economic sense, we're a business, so it has to pay
[00:17:40] off. Kevin Galla is an electricity
[00:17:43] trader for major German energy company.
[00:17:47] Soon, he won't just be selling electricity from gas and hard cold
[00:17:50] power plants, he'll also be buying and storing
[00:17:53] it.
[00:17:56] By spring 2026, new battery system will be running
[00:18:00] here. It can deliver 50 megaws of
[00:18:03] electricity about the output of a small gas plant
[00:18:07] for. 4 hours
[00:18:10] because it's plugged straight into the grid, the battery can store
[00:18:14] surplus renewable power and release it when demand
[00:18:17] rises, turning those swings into
[00:18:20] profit.
[00:18:23] ultimately we're taking a business risk, but we believe
[00:18:26] flexibility is key for the energy
[00:18:29] transition.
[00:18:31] right now it feels like a gold rush, prices on the power
[00:18:35] exchange fluctuate daily, As seen from a July weekly
[00:18:39] chart: during the day, solar floods the grid
[00:18:43] and prices drop. In the
[00:18:45] evening and early morning, fossil plants ramp up and prices
[00:18:49] rise. Battery storage systems profit from those
[00:18:52] swings. Think of it like squirrels gathering
[00:18:56] nuts. We trade every 15 minutes, often the same
[00:19:00] energy again and again. Sometimes it's
[00:19:02] just tiny price differences, but over time you scoop up the
[00:19:06] returns. This business model has been tested for about
[00:19:10] 10 years with a 15 megaw hour pilot system.
[00:19:14] German grid operators have received speculative requests for battery
[00:19:17] projects totaling 500 gigawatts far above the
[00:19:21] country's peak demand. If all were built, their combined
[00:19:24] capacity could for few hours match the output of
[00:19:28] roughly 500 nuclear power
[00:19:30] plants.
[00:19:32] With growing flexibility, more storage systems and more
[00:19:35] co-locations, meaning more pairing.
[00:20:01] the grid's heartbeat its frequency became
[00:20:04] unstable could battery storage systems have prevented?
[00:20:58] investigators say high voltage triggered the blackout, but also
[00:21:01] note that the grid lacked stabilizing reactive power,
[00:21:04] which may have made things worse.
[00:21:07] technically batteries can provide reactive power, right
[00:21:11] now there's no real market for it and it isn't
[00:21:13] financially,
[00:21:17] wenn wir es nicht gemeinsam. we create a system
[00:21:21] together with everyone in the market. we won't be
[00:21:24] able to build large scale battery storage, even though it's
[00:21:28] essential for our future
[00:21:29] grid.
[00:21:32] that's a crucial point. so far, fossil plants have supplied
[00:21:36] reactive power almost automatically. the grid
[00:21:39] operator asks for it, the generators provide it, and
[00:21:43] electricity flows smoothly, but
[00:21:46] coal and lignite are set to be phased out by 2038 at the
[00:21:49] latest. once they're gone, reactive power won't
[00:21:53] come automatically, so a formal market needs to secure
[00:21:57] supply. The big question is, can batteries
[00:22:00] deliver during the dark duldrums, those long stretches with little sun
[00:22:04] or wind?
[00:22:07] Battery storage is being put to the test here, what role
[00:22:11] will they play in tomorrow's energy system? With mega
[00:22:15] batteries on the rise, do we even need new backup gas
[00:22:19] plants at all?
[00:22:50] Last winter the grid came under pressure. These energy
[00:22:53] charts show which plants supplied power and how
[00:22:56] much. Up to November 1st wind was strong, but
[00:23:00] in the following days it
[00:23:01] dropped.
[00:23:04] The week winter sun didn't add much. Gas
[00:23:08] plants stepped in with up to 15 gigaws and
[00:23:12] coal also ramped up to about 20
[00:23:14] gig.
[00:23:18] Two weeks later. "the wind
[00:23:20] returned,
[00:23:23] fossil plants scaled back and the dark doldrums were
[00:23:27] over.
[00:23:30] At that point, batteries aren't enough, they
[00:23:34] can still smooth demand a little, but we need
[00:23:37] gas plants, and in the medium term, gas plants that
[00:23:41] run on hydrogen or hydrogen-related products oder
[00:23:44] Wasserstoff verwandten Produkten betrieben
[00:23:46] werden.
[00:24:33] Batteries have the edge for short-term energy
[00:24:36] storage. By contrast, hydrogen can
[00:24:40] hold huge amounts of energy for months, but
[00:24:43] producing hydrogen takes a lot of energy,
[00:24:47] ideally from renewable sources. That's what makes
[00:24:50] it green hydrogen, and it's being produced in
[00:24:54] places you might not
[00:24:55] expect.
[00:24:59] The Fuffenhofen wastewater plant does more than treats
[00:25:03] sewage. It's also hosting an experiment.
[00:25:06] Andreas Hashman and Holga Kloss lead the project.
[00:25:10] Their goal is to produce renewable energy locally that can also be
[00:25:14] stored. Inside this container, hydrogen is being
[00:25:17] made.
[00:28:02] to meet our needs, so the question remains, where else could it come
[00:28:06] from? either way, it will cost
[00:28:08] more. Egly study says investment
[00:28:11] costs are the main reason prices will sore. interest rates
[00:28:15] are now much higher than the expected 4
[00:28:18] to8%. In Sudan, rates are over
[00:28:21] 26%. These unexpectedly high
[00:28:24] costs for green hydrogen from Africa could slow Europe's
[00:28:28] shift to clean energy in heavy industry, and that
[00:28:32] means...
[00:29:02] from Europe could help make some African projects
[00:29:05] possible and bring benefits to both Africa
[00:29:09] and
[00:29:09] Europe.
[00:29:14] What are stars made of? How many
[00:29:17] colors can butterflies see? Could
[00:29:20] robots have babies one day? Do you
[00:29:23] have science question? Then send it to us as a video,
[00:29:27] text or voice message. If we answer
[00:29:30] it in the show, then we'll send you.
[00:29:32] little gift as a thank you, so just
[00:29:35] ask.
[00:29:40] that's all for now, but we hope you'll join us again next time
[00:29:44] for more exciting stories from the world of science and technology
[00:29:48] here tomorrow today.
[00:30:26] Good evening, dear viewers, welcome to
[00:30:28] the diary.
[00:30:32] Hashim Thaçi sentenced to 25 years
[00:30:35] in prison, his associates from 13 to 25
[00:30:38] years, the verdict caused great dissatisfaction among KLA supporters.
[00:30:57] Until the end of the show, among other things, watch.