N1BOS — broadcast
20260920 140000 UTC
506 transcript segments
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[00:00:18] Good day, you are watching the news, these are the day's
[00:00:21] events.
[00:00:24] Farmers in the Federation are demanding a declaration of natural disaster due to
[00:00:28] prolonged drought.
[00:00:32] Today, elections in two German federal states, German Chancellor Friedrich
[00:00:36] Merz awaits new electoral woes while the AFD aims for a new
[00:00:39] victory.
[00:00:42] In the biggest attack on Moscow since the beginning of the war, two people were killed,
[00:00:45] victims of a Russian strike on the Kyiv
[00:00:47] region.
[00:00:52] The Association of Farmers of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina has again called on all
[00:00:56] cantonal governments to declare a state of natural disaster due to
[00:00:59] the consequences of prolonged drought, warning that the situation in agricultural
[00:01:03] production is becoming unbearable, as stated by the association, the drought has caused
[00:01:07] significant damage to agricultural producers, and yields in
[00:01:10] some productions are down by more than 50%.
[00:01:13] At the same time, autumn sowing is approaching while prices of raw materials
[00:01:17] and other inputs are constantly rising. The association emphasizes
[00:01:21] that fuel, fertilizers, and other necessary production costs are becoming more expensive
[00:01:26] that intellect, you can see you're smart while purchase prices for agricultural products
[00:01:28] like mom or tall continue to fall. They warned that if urgent aid to agricultural
[00:01:31] producers is not provided, a significant drop in domestic production is threatened, as well as
[00:01:35] the mass closure of farms across the Federation of Bosnia and
[00:01:38] Herzegovina.
[00:01:42] You see, this is the second time we are already appealing and
[00:01:46] this is the second time we are not appealing directly to the Federation, but to
[00:01:49] the cantons. This means it would be best if all cantons
[00:01:52] declare a natural disaster, because the majority
[00:01:56] of those funds which are collected from these...
[00:02:00] levies regarding these natural disasters flow into
[00:02:03] cantonal and municipal budgets and they should actually declare
[00:02:06] a natural disaster which they are doing
[00:02:09] trait it will be for the second time now.
[00:02:11] The situation
[00:02:14] well, I don't remember
[00:02:17] like dad, that phenomenon because it ever being worse in terms of these disasters
[00:02:20] like this since the spring sowing, since the war
[00:02:23] in Iran when fuel became more expensive, everything
[00:02:26] went
[00:02:28] to hell, you know. "Fuel was four marks, seeds
[00:02:32] expensive, fertilizers expensive, in the very sowing, then came this
[00:02:35] drought which decimated production, and then
[00:02:39] here again fuel
[00:02:41] is getting more expensive, and when it gets more expensive, everything else gets more expensive, and sowing
[00:02:45] is coming.
[00:02:48] The fire at the Razvale locality on Mount Čvrsnica in the municipality of Jablanica
[00:02:51] is still active, but with less intensity, it does not threaten
[00:02:55] facilities, reported the operational center of civil protection of
[00:02:58] HNK, namely..." Teams spent the entire day yesterday on
[00:03:01] the ground and a smaller part of the fire above
[00:03:05] the ski resort was localized. The Canadian and Republic of Croatia did not
[00:03:08] intervene today.
[00:03:11] Four children and the driver were injured in a traffic accident that occurred on
[00:03:15] the Mojkovac-Kolašin highway involving a bus that was
[00:03:19] transporting students from a Podgorica elementary school. The Montenegrin
[00:03:23] police unofficially stated that the traffic accident occurred
[00:03:26] when there was a rockfall that the driver tried to avoid, and
[00:03:30] hit a rock on the right side of the road.
[00:03:34] The driver from Serbia was brought in for
[00:03:36] questioning.
[00:03:41] Oncology patients in Sarajevo Canton continue to face problems in
[00:03:45] obtaining certain medications and cytostatics, even though waiting lists for
[00:03:49] oncology therapies have been abolished in Sarajevo Canton. Patients
[00:03:53] yes, so you say generally point out that the problem of therapy shortages has been going on for years, while
[00:03:56] patients have to purchase some medications with their own funds.
[00:04:00] According to them, out of a total of 89 important
[00:04:02] cytostatics, three are currently missing at the clinical center,
[00:04:06] they remind that the list of medicines has not been revised since
[00:04:09] 2019, and innovative medicines are still insufficiently available
[00:04:12] to patients. I received information this morning, so out of
[00:04:16] the war, and also that they do not 89
[00:04:19] important cytostatics, three are already
[00:04:23] missing at the clinical center,
[00:04:25] any kind of aggression against so what I have to mention is that the clinical center has
[00:04:28] nothing to do with it. The rest, so the only main culprit is
[00:04:32] the federal institute for health insurance
[00:04:35] and reinsurance, so they are obliged to procure
[00:04:38] these procurements, to procure these
[00:04:41] medicines so that we can have them, so I am, it's my fourth
[00:04:45] month, this Tuesday I need to receive therapy again, so I will receive it
[00:04:48] again in half for the fourth month, I am still buying my
[00:04:52] pills.
[00:04:57] German Chancellor Friedrich Merz is facing the possibility of another
[00:05:01] painful day in today's elections as citizens of two federal
[00:05:04] states go to the polls just two weeks after the far-right
[00:05:08] Alternative for Germany (AfD) achieved a convincing
[00:05:11] victory in Saxony-Anhalt. Elections in the city-state of
[00:05:14] Berlin and the northeastern state of Mecklenburg-
[00:05:18] Western Pomerania are the latest in a series of five state elections this
[00:05:21] year, which have exposed widespread public dissatisfaction
[00:05:25] with Merz's coalition government and fueled serious
[00:05:28] speculation about his future. Voting in both
[00:05:32] elections began at 8 AM this morning, and the first indications of results
[00:05:35] are expected immediately after the closing of polling stations at 6 PM,
[00:05:39] based on exit polls.
[00:05:42] I think it's important to think about the future of the country, so which
[00:05:46] issues, yes, secure the future of all people in the state
[00:05:48] and in the big country, that's what's important to me, I know that
[00:05:52] it's interpreted differently by all parties, totally exciting, what you think
[00:05:56] for a positive future, that's the key factor, yes,
[00:06:00] but that's the most important point from my point of view, yes,
[00:06:03] that the country needs jobs,
[00:06:07] good pay, the free childcare
[00:06:11] issue, I actually don't agree with that, because I always
[00:06:14] think that's from the DDR-era, because everything was free,
[00:06:18] that was never that good, so and I also have a lot
[00:06:22] of experience with kids not going there, not deregistering,
[00:06:25] and that's what bothers me a bit about the whole thing,
[00:06:29] but I still wouldn't want
[00:06:31] another apology, that's why, so no
[00:06:34] way, yes, we, I want to make sure that our country
[00:06:38] continues to be stable and properly governed.
[00:06:41] What would be important for the country is that we get better
[00:06:44] education, so that with the school system just doesn't
[00:06:48] work anymore, and that it's rethought,
[00:06:52] fairer wages, affordable rents, especially in Spirin it's through the
[00:06:56] wages, you can barely afford anything anymore,
[00:07:00] yes. Iranians
[00:07:03] are voting today for the third and
[00:07:06] final day of parliamentary elections which are largely seen as a test of
[00:07:09] public support for President Vladimir Putin's war in Ukraine.
[00:07:13] For the first time, elections are being held in Donetsk, Luhansk, Kherson, and
[00:07:17] Zaporizhzhia regions, i.e., territories of Ukraine that Moscow
[00:07:20] declared part of Russia in 2022.
[00:07:24] Voting in these regions began back in late August,
[00:07:27] with the explanation that it was done for security reasons. The ruling
[00:07:31] United Russia is expected to maintain its dominance in the State
[00:07:34] Duma. These are the first parliamentary elections since the beginning of Russia's invasion of Ukraine in
[00:07:38] February 2022. And critics assess that the political
[00:07:42] system in Russia leaves much room for
[00:07:45] disagreement.
[00:07:49] First, I had obligations during the previous voting days, second,
[00:07:52] I was afraid of falsification, so I deliberately
[00:07:55] came to vote on the last day. Every electronic form of voting
[00:07:59] allows falsification. There is such a possibility. When it comes to
[00:08:03] paper, it's not easy to change.
[00:08:06] I always vote. I came to fulfill my duty to the homeland, so to
[00:08:10] speak. I think things are not bad as they are, but we always
[00:08:14] hope for better.
[00:08:17] Ukraine carried out its largest drone attack on the Russian capital since the
[00:08:21] start of the war. At least two people were killed in the attack, while six
[00:08:24] were injured. The mayor of Moscow said that several drones reached
[00:08:28] a Moscow oil refinery, and that one hit a residential
[00:08:31] building. The head of the Moscow region stated that two people
[00:08:35] were killed while 400 people were evacuated from a residential building,
[00:08:39] and a large number of houses were damaged. On the other hand, in a Russian
[00:08:42] drone attack on Kyiv, a private house was hit, and a woman
[00:08:45] and her three-year-old child
[00:08:47] were killed.
[00:08:50] Iran has sent the United States seven conditions for the start of any
[00:08:54] negotiations, announced the Secretary of Iran's Supreme National Security Council.
[00:08:58] So far, he has revealed only three conditions, stating
[00:09:02] that Qatar, as a mediator, has already conveyed the demands to Washington, and Tehran
[00:09:05] is now awaiting a response from the American president. If negotiations
[00:09:09] fail, he warned that Tehran is ready for.
[00:09:15] We announced to America that one of our conditions is the release of
[00:09:19] our frozen funds, and secondly, that they announce the end
[00:09:22] of the war on all fronts, from Lebanon to all
[00:09:25] other fronts, and that they end
[00:09:29] interfere in the internal affairs of Iran and that
[00:09:32] they do not cooperate with the opponents of our revolution, and that they stop
[00:09:38] Iranian territory, even if it is by
[00:09:41] planes.
[00:10:12] So yesterday afternoon there was more dry and partially sunny
[00:10:16] weather, and we are spending today in the same way. However, along the edge of
[00:10:19] the anticyclone, another smaller amount of wetter, cooler
[00:10:23] air is moving towards our area, which will arrive during Monday, until
[00:10:27] then, the rest of this Sunday will remain dry, mostly
[00:10:30] sunny, with real late summer weather, plenty of sunshine and
[00:10:34] very pleasant temperatures, which will be mostly between
[00:10:38] 24 and 29, in the south occasionally up to 31
[00:10:41] degrees Celsius, and the wind will be mostly light.
[00:10:45] In such circumstances, the biometeorological
[00:10:49] conditions are also favorable, so neither meteoropathic individuals nor
[00:10:52] chronic patients will experience difficulties. However, tomorrow, the wetter,
[00:10:56] cooler air will descend a bit, so there will be more clouds, with occasional light rain, primarily
[00:11:00] in parts of Bosnia. But it's not a significant or
[00:11:03] major change in weather, so most of the new week will pass with
[00:11:07] alternating sunshine and cloudy periods, mostly dry
[00:11:10] weather in the south, with occasional light rain and somewhat
[00:11:14] lower temperatures in Bosnia from tomorrow, still a few degrees
[00:11:17] cooler.
[00:11:20] That's all for this news summary. Thank you for your attention,
[00:11:22] goodbye.
[00:11:52] In a society that often talks about bloodline, ancestors, and
[00:11:55] differences among people, genetics sometimes offers very
[00:11:59] unexpected answers, how different we really are and how
[00:12:02] similar, what science says about identity, heritage, and
[00:12:06] beliefs that are passed down through generations as irrefutable
[00:12:09] truths, from who actually continues the lineage, to
[00:12:12] the belief that the birth of a son is particularly important for the family, to
[00:12:16] the question of how much biology, how much tradition and patriarchy
[00:12:20] stands behind such views, can genetics overturn some of
[00:12:23] our longest-held beliefs about origin, identity
[00:12:26] and heritage, our guest on New Day is geneticist Anela Zorla Kujdurović, good
[00:12:30] morning and welcome, thank you very much for being with us this morning, good morning and
[00:12:34] thank you for the invitation on such a very interesting topic. Yes,
[00:12:38] when we talk about origin and identity, how much can genetics really tell us
[00:12:41] about who we are? Yes, genetics as biology can indeed
[00:12:45] explain our origin, blood relationship,
[00:12:49] so to speak, the origin of our ancestors, but we must really make a very
[00:12:52] difficult parallel between origin and
[00:12:55] identity, because origin is one thing and identity is another, because many factors,
[00:12:58] including genetics, influence that identity itself, our
[00:13:02] origin, family, culture, language, custom,
[00:13:05] all of that somehow creates identity, so I always like to say that
[00:13:09] we must be careful what genetics will tell us, that we must really
[00:13:12] filter that information in the right way and use it. We often
[00:13:16] emphasize mutual differences, especially here in our region,
[00:13:19] generally in the Balkans, how genetically similar are we really
[00:13:23] to each other in this area? Well, that is
[00:13:26] a question, I think, of the century, we always ask that question, especially us in the Western Balkans,
[00:13:30] and I really try, and surely many of my colleagues, to explain that these
[00:13:34] are really small differences. If we talk about genetics, or genomics,
[00:13:38] genomic origin, we are not only
[00:13:41] in the Western Balkans, but generally people, the entire human
[00:13:44] population, we differ by only 0.1 percent in every
[00:13:47] nucleotide, which means we are actually
[00:13:49] 99.9% similar, those differences are really
[00:13:53] small, miniature, but they are very
[00:13:57] important. Why are they important? They are important in terms of medicine, they are important in
[00:14:00] terms of rare diseases, they are important in terms of
[00:14:03] oncology, because these differences now allow us precision,
[00:14:07] sensitivity in which direction we should optimize treatment, diagnostics
[00:14:11] and so on and so forth, in that clinical sense, not unfortunately in the sense that
[00:14:15] we are using it more and more today,
[00:14:18] human population, people all over the world, these are minimal
[00:14:21] differences, so we can only assume
[00:14:25] how minimal are the differences between us here in this narrower area,
[00:14:28] that is, in our state of Bosnia and Herzegovina, because that
[00:14:32] is a very important phenomenon that we must talk about. We were not a
[00:14:35] closed population, we are a population that has moved throughout history,
[00:14:39] we have mixed, we have settled in other areas, we were not
[00:14:42] consistent in one area to have a clean generation, a clean population, so
[00:14:46] we can go back in time and see the origin of our
[00:14:50] ancestors, and then we would probably be even more surprised at how much we are similar
[00:14:53] in that regard as well... surprised at how similar we
[00:14:57] actually are in that regard, because if we go back to some historical facts,
[00:15:00] the conquests of these areas, migrations from these areas to the interior
[00:15:04] of Europe, and to other continents, then we see that genetics complicates
[00:15:08] things a bit, that we have too much dared to
[00:15:11] trivialize some of our personal purposes that have nothing to do with science,
[00:15:15] yes, very often for political purposes, unfortunately, I don't avoid
[00:15:18] using that term, but that's it, but we can see here how similar we
[00:15:22] are physically to each other, after all. So, these are minimal,
[00:15:26] almost non-existent differences, that's right, so
[00:15:29] genetics cannot confirm these ideas of pure origin, special
[00:15:33] peoples, or God forbid the superiority of some over others.
[00:15:36] No, these are just, so to speak, philosophies that have followed us throughout history,
[00:15:39] distant history, this modern, so to speak, history, where we have philosophies
[00:15:43] of individuals who want to go in that direction, but genetics, that is,
[00:15:47] science, is very strict and clear that genetic
[00:15:50] information cannot be used in that sense of some
[00:15:54] pure, superior population, so unfortunately
[00:15:58] that must fall away and we must disappoint some people. I have always liked
[00:16:01] to be guided by facts and figures. If we go back to
[00:16:05] the process of inheritance, the transmission of genetic
[00:16:07] material between individuals, we see that it is quite complicated, I like
[00:16:11] to say genetics is there to complicate everything for you, genetics is there to complicate
[00:16:15] everything, now I would like to, let's complicate the story a bit with this next
[00:16:18] question which I hope will also break down some
[00:16:22] myths that patriarchy has imposed on us, you know
[00:16:25] how it is said here, for example when you are pregnant for the second time and you are carrying
[00:16:29] a girl, then they say, oh never mind, the third time's the charm,
[00:16:33] so it's a big deal and a big celebration is still made here
[00:16:37] if a son is born, because somewhere there is that
[00:16:40] belief that a son continues the lineage, I recently
[00:16:44] saw some information that
[00:16:47] actually puts things differently, and that's exactly when I
[00:16:50] contacted you Anela and asked if there was a scientific basis for that,
[00:16:53] so who actually continues the lineage, a son or
[00:16:56] a daughter? Oh, that will
[00:17:00] now throw many families into a trance,
[00:17:03] that we debunk that patriarchy,
[00:17:06] or rather that's more again, it has nothing to do with science
[00:17:10] for the reason that Ivana, when we talk about the process of inheritance, the creation of a new
[00:17:14] individual, or a new being, both mother and father
[00:17:17] participate equally, meaning genetic material is exchanged, so
[00:17:20] half of the genetic material is given by the mother, half
[00:17:23] by the father, so if we look at the genetic profile of a
[00:17:27] being, meaning half mother's material and half father's, we cannot say
[00:17:31] who continues the lineage as a lineage, because the material is equally present, now there are
[00:17:34] differences in what the mother transmits and what the father transmits. That's where we
[00:17:38] most, so to speak, heard about the MTD DNA, that is
[00:17:42] mitochondrial DNA. Mitochondria are, so to speak, DNA is
[00:17:45] located in the nucleus, that is, in the nucleus of our cells, but
[00:17:49] there are other organelles, that is, mitochondria, which are the main
[00:17:52] producers of, so to speak, energy in our
[00:17:55] cells, that is, in the organism. Both boys and girls have
[00:17:58] mitochondrial DNA, but it is exclusively inherited from
[00:18:02] the mother's line, meaning the mother will pass it on to both boys and
[00:18:06] girls, but that girl... will pass on that mother's mitochondrial DNA. Then
[00:18:09] the question arises, who then actually continues that lineage, is it
[00:18:13] a son or is it a girl? Then, regarding this question, we can
[00:18:17] say it is a girl, that it is not, so to speak, a male lineage,
[00:18:21] that boys continue the line. Then we go back to complicate
[00:18:24] the story, we go back to the Y chromosome which
[00:18:27] the father, the father is the one who, that is, that sperm
[00:18:31] determines whether it will be a boy or a girl, that is, whether it will be a Y
[00:18:35] chromosome or an X chromosome, like that. So when the father gives
[00:18:38] a Y chromosome, that Y chromosome remains with the boy, because
[00:18:42] XY is male sex and XX is female sex, so
[00:18:45] we are a little contradictory here, meaning we have girls who only
[00:18:49] transmit mitochondrial DNA and are truly, in quotation marks,
[00:18:53] special, they transmit that part of information, that's about
[00:18:56] 36 to 40 genes that differ from boys, and
[00:18:59] boys are those who have a Y chromosome and
[00:19:03] girls do not, so it's very complicated, not to...
[00:19:07] give a definitive answer, but what is certain is that it's more a matter of some
[00:19:11] social norms, not really genetics. Exactly, for centuries
[00:19:14] women in these areas, in certain parts of the Balkans, perhaps
[00:19:17] even today, felt guilty if they didn't
[00:19:20] give birth to a son, an heir,
[00:19:23] uh, it's actually scientifically
[00:19:26] established that the father is the one who determines the sex
[00:19:29] of the child, that's right, I mean that's just it, because we have the egg cell, we have
[00:19:33] the sperm, the egg cell carries XX material, the father is the one who will
[00:19:37] determine whether he will transmit his X or his Y, yes, but this is also
[00:19:41] very interesting now, which
[00:19:44] was somehow not talked about before, so you say
[00:19:48] and the question is that further, but perhaps we could say when
[00:19:52] we look at percentages, so who continues the lineage, a boy or a girl, or
[00:19:55] a son or a daughter, to a greater extent it is done by
[00:19:59] the daughter or the girl, we can say that, so that it might be
[00:20:03] spoken that way, but again, scientifically we must be very careful, precisely
[00:20:06] because of that... way of transmitting information of inheritance, but yes
[00:20:10] girls have that, so to speak, extra
[00:20:13] surplus, mitochondrial DNA that carries a certain
[00:20:16] number of genes that is more specific than in boys, that is really so, that
[00:20:20] actually certain information appeared on the internet,
[00:20:24] now various reals and photographic
[00:20:27] theories circulate always on social networks and that is
[00:20:30] what I sent you, it's actually the claim your lineage is continued by your daughter,
[00:20:34] not your son, people still claim the opposite, but the undisturbed genetic
[00:20:38] thread actually extends along
[00:20:40] the female line, that is precisely that mitochondrial
[00:20:43] DNA, is this a correct
[00:20:45] sentence?
[00:20:47] We played with words a bit in the sense that it should be
[00:20:51] adequate for social networks to attract attention, but the truth is somewhere in
[00:20:55] the middle, somewhere I always have to be very careful,
[00:20:59] we definitely have mitochondrial DNA that comes from the mother's side, only
[00:21:02] girls have that, but we must be careful because of other material, as I
[00:21:06] said, genetics is there to complicate everything a little, it's not that
[00:21:10] simple, but mitochondrial girls, yes, that is only passed down through that
[00:21:14] lineage, what genetically does a child
[00:21:16] inherit from the mother and what from the father? I am here, it seems to me,
[00:21:20] that for all these topics I must dismantle them,
[00:21:23] we often have on social networks and there
[00:21:27] I am very careful and I see that we are going in a direction where genetics and genetic information
[00:21:31] are used mm not so adequately, that is,
[00:21:35] we are creating some hooks to attract attention, and there we have
[00:21:38] that physical predispositions we inherit from dad, intellect
[00:21:42] we inherit from mom, these are some of, let's say, the main sentences we
[00:21:46] encounter, but again we return to the beginning of my sentence that both
[00:21:49] mom and dad participate equally in the creation of a new being, half of the material is transferred
[00:21:53] there, but if we follow that
[00:21:57] what is on the Y chromosome that only boys have, there are some
[00:22:00] traits, predispositions, let's say diseases that are only
[00:22:04] characteristic of the Y chromosome, i.e., for the male sex, and similarly
[00:22:07] for the X chromosome, i.e., those two X's plus mitochondrial DNA which is
[00:22:11] characteristic only of the female sex, but we can only say mom will give us
[00:22:18] like dad, that's just, the creation of traits is
[00:22:22] a very complex process at the genetic level,
[00:22:25] and also many external factors influence the expression
[00:22:28] of the same, yes, so we don't have clear answers there,
[00:22:32] after all, even in real practical life, we can
[00:22:36] see that sometimes a child physically resembles the mother, sometimes
[00:22:40] the father, similarly when we talk about these
[00:22:42] intellectual traits, or I don't know, even emotional
[00:22:46] intelligence. "participate there, sometimes
[00:22:50] more mom, sometimes more, here we are talking about dominant genes, so we are more talking
[00:22:53] about recessive dominant genes where it will be expressed more on which
[00:22:59] expressed, then what is for example specific is when a child
[00:23:02] is small and is like, oh today they look like mom and tomorrow
[00:23:07] actually here we are working on the strength
[00:23:10] of the expression of that dominance of
[00:23:14] genes and external factors influence it, i.e. epigenetics, which traits,
[00:23:18] morphological and physiological in the child, will somehow
[00:23:21] be formed until an adult age, that's why I say,
[00:23:25] whenever I talk to my patients and when I explain genetics, I try to
[00:23:28] simplify it, but genetics is truly a science that is quite complex
[00:23:32] and always has a thousand shades of grey, I can never give
[00:23:36] a concrete, let's say, answer, that's how it is, because the processes of inheritance are
[00:23:40] very complex, there are always some exceptions, although there are
[00:23:43] rules, yes, after all, there are a thousand shades, and when we talk about that
[00:23:47] image of everything inherited, very often... "some see the mother in
[00:23:51] the child, others see the father, and actually everything
[00:23:54] depends on who noticed some specific features that they had
[00:23:58] an eye for, after all, because here too we are
[00:24:01] very often divided, so we have
[00:24:04] family members or friends who come and say, he's just like his mother, then others
[00:24:08] say, how can he be like his mother, look he's just like his father, so
[00:24:11] it really depends on who is looking at that child, so there are a lot of these
[00:24:15] social norms again, yes, my colleague is
[00:24:18] telling me it depends on whether..." or all blood, you are
[00:24:22] saying what I think,
[00:24:24] yes, and is there anything else in genetics that could surprise people when it comes to
[00:24:28] inheritance? male and female lines, so
[00:24:31] I think there are a lot of traits, or even
[00:24:35] diseases that are, for example, inherited only from the mother's side, that is,
[00:24:38] those from the mitochondrial side, and usually, as I said,
[00:24:41] those mito are much
[00:24:45] more prominent. Now, the neurological one, because the mitochondria
[00:24:48] is an organelle that is responsible for energy production,
[00:24:52] now imagine all the physiological traits that require a large
[00:24:55] amount of energy to function. Imagine your body is a
[00:24:59] serious engine that needs, right, energy. So a very
[00:25:03] large number of brain injuries, on the central nervous
[00:25:06] system, eyes are actually caused by, these are
[00:25:10] rare diseases, but they are exclusively characteristic of mitochondrial DNA
[00:25:14] damage to mitochondrial DNA. I told you at the beginning, there are somewhere between
[00:25:17] 36 to 40 genes described that
[00:25:21] cause ophthalmological diseases that are very characteristic and what we are
[00:25:25] now facing is that they are much harder to treat
[00:25:28] than, let's say, diseases that originated in another type of
[00:25:31] DNA, not that mitochondrial DNA. This is
[00:25:34] also characteristic of diseases such as Duchenne muscular
[00:25:37] dystrophy, a terrible disease. Mm.
[00:25:41] Sons get sick, but mothers transmit it, that is, the
[00:25:44] x because a boy's x y, that one defective
[00:25:48] x that the mother transmitted is completely sufficient due to the dominant
[00:25:52] inheritance pattern to be expressed. The situation is a bit different for girls
[00:25:55] because we have an xx set
[00:25:59] that makes us healthy carriers of Duchenne muscular
[00:26:02] dystrophy, while boys are the ones who get sick. Here, if I may take this
[00:26:06] opportunity, we have a number of patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy in Bosnia and
[00:26:09] Herzegovina. It's a very progressive, severe disease,
[00:26:12] genetically, pardon, caused disease, that we still don't have
[00:26:16] a drug available on the list for our children. It's a very difficult
[00:26:20] disease that, the sooner it's treated, the symptoms
[00:26:23] of complete muscular system degradation will at least be
[00:26:27] mitigated, not to mention some aggressive types that
[00:26:30] are even, I think, leading to... unfortunately, a worse
[00:26:34] outcome.
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[00:29:20] Dear viewers, welcome. Today we are talking to
[00:29:23] Dr. Jasmina Ćorović Kuburović, cardiologist,
[00:29:26] known as the heart doctor. Doctor, tell us
[00:29:30] why after 40 years many people
[00:29:32] feel they have less energy, what does coenzyme
[00:29:35] Q10 have to do with it? Coenzyme Q10 is a substance that our
[00:29:39] body naturally produces and participates in energy creation in
[00:29:43] every single cell. Its production decreases
[00:29:46] with age. At the same time, it is especially important for organs that have
[00:29:49] the greatest energy needs, among which the heart is in the first place,
[00:29:53] of course, and muscles, brain.
[00:29:56] The heart beats more than 100,000 times a day and
[00:29:59] therefore needs an enormous amount of energy.
[00:30:03] How does BMT Q10 differ from standard preparations
[00:30:06] and why is selenium added? What
[00:30:09] sets BMT Coenzyme Q10 apart is
[00:30:13] microencapsulation. Patients often only look at the milligrams
[00:30:16] of coenzyme Q10, but much more important than that is
[00:30:20] how much the body can absorb and
[00:30:23] utilize it. Microencapsulation protects
[00:30:26] coenzyme Q10 from external influences and
[00:30:29] enables significantly better absorption. In addition,
[00:30:33] the preparation contains selenium which contributes to the normal functioning
[00:30:36] of the thyroid gland, the immune system, and the protection
[00:30:40] of cells from oxidative stress, which is very important. So,
[00:30:44] Doctor, BMTQ10 can be
[00:30:46] excellent support for all of you who feel fatigue, have problems
[00:30:50] with blood pressure, cholesterol or sugar, with
[00:30:53] all heart problems and poor circulation.
[00:30:56] Also, if you have problems with your skin, frequent headaches.