N1BOS — broadcast
20260920 180000 UTC
383 transcript segments
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[00:00:08] More air conditioners, more data centers, more electric
[00:00:12] cars: around the world, we're using more and more
[00:00:15] electricity,
[00:00:17] but there's good news, wind and solar power are stepping up
[00:00:21] to meet that demand, less fossil fuels, more
[00:00:24] renewables, the green energy transition is underway
[00:00:28] and scientists are working. on something even bigger, nuclear
[00:00:32] fusion. It's a potential game changer, unlimited energy,
[00:00:36] emission free.
[00:00:39] Join us for electrifying insights on this edition of
[00:00:43] DW Science Show. Welcome to Tomorrow
[00:00:46] today.
[00:00:48] What does donut have to do with the sun? What does a blow
[00:00:52] pipe have to do with a furnace and what happened
[00:00:54] on May 22nd, 2025?
[00:00:58] A really exciting day here at the Institute. It was top
[00:01:02] Fins place great trust in the work of notch, but first things
[00:01:04] first, let's start with our everburning star and a
[00:01:08] question: can the sun's fusion process be replicated
[00:01:12] to produce energy here on earth? scientists have
[00:01:15] been trying and failing to achieve this for
[00:01:18] decades. We still don't have commercial fusion
[00:01:22] reactors, but we do have research facilities
[00:01:26] like Ventelstein 7x in northeast Germany. It
[00:01:30] was purpose built to develop accelerator, a giant machine
[00:01:33] named after the latin word for star. Since
[00:01:37] May, it's been a world record holder in fusion
[00:01:40] research, a title earned after months of
[00:01:42] experimentation.
[00:01:47] We noticed things were going well, it was like,
[00:01:50] that works and that works, so let's try this
[00:01:53] too. We were still improving right up to the
[00:01:56] end, so it got more and more exciting as we approached.
[00:02:14] At w7x we mainly produce hydrogen
[00:02:16] plasmas, we feed in hydrogen gas which is
[00:02:20] ionized by heater and turned into a
[00:02:23] plasma.
[00:02:30] vacuum chamber shaped like twisted
[00:02:32] donut.
[00:02:34] Normally, a tiny amount of hydrogen enters as a gas through a
[00:02:38] valve and is heated to extreme
[00:02:40] temperatures.
[00:02:43] Microwaves then strike the hydrogen atoms,
[00:02:46] ionizing them and transforming the gas into a plasma,
[00:02:50] heated to tens of millions of degrees
[00:02:52] celsius. The plasma discharge then stayed at
[00:02:56] those temperatures for a record breaking 43 seconds.
[00:03:38] They're shot in through kind of blowpipe like the ones we made back in
[00:03:41] school, but these pellets are propelled by pressurized
[00:03:45] gas, they dissolve, melt and quickly vaporize
[00:03:48] becoming plasma, so there's a constant supply of plasma
[00:03:52] like shoveling coal into a furnace,
[00:03:56] das ist das gleiche.
[00:04:00] is contained by magnetic fields generated by a
[00:04:03] complex array of magnets.
[00:04:06] they keep the plasma from touching the chamber walls because
[00:04:10] contact would cool it down instantly.
[00:04:13] designing the W7X magnet configuration required
[00:04:17] super computers and years of
[00:04:18] planning.
[00:04:21] so when can we expect the first fusion reactor to go
[00:04:24] online?
[00:04:28] a conservative estimate says sometimes
[00:05:08] I feel proud that we are taking action in
[00:05:12] Then W7X will be back and chasing new
[00:05:16] records.
[00:05:21] Did you know that nuclear fishion, the process behind nuclear power
[00:05:25] today, is considered more dangerous than nuclear
[00:05:28] fusion? Fishing accidents can release massive
[00:05:31] amounts of radioactive material, as happened in
[00:05:34] Fukushima and Chernoble.
[00:05:37] Fusion is safer and doesn't produce high-level radioactive
[00:05:41] waste that must be st. safely for millennia,
[00:05:44] yet Finland is betting a future powered by nuclear
[00:05:47] fishion.
[00:05:52] the peninsula on Finland's west coast
[00:05:55] is one of the country's most important energy
[00:05:58] hubs. it's home to three nuclear reactor
[00:06:02] units, the newest one went into commercial operation in
[00:06:05] 2023. the turbine hall is where the massive generators
[00:06:09] are located. they're driven by heat from the react. which is
[00:06:13] how the electricity is
[00:06:14] produced
[00:06:18] 3 has capacity of 1600 megw,
[00:06:21] making it one of the largest nuclear reactors in the EU.
[00:06:25] the facility covers about 14% of Finland's electricity
[00:06:28] production. the company's press officer says
[00:06:32] public concerns were minimal. we have been
[00:06:35] measuring for 40 years this, what people fear
[00:06:39] and what what how do they like nuclear power and?
[00:06:43] they they like nuclear power lot today, they are
[00:06:46] not afraid of the waste, it's not a
[00:06:49] major concern anymore, we have solution here in
[00:06:52] alkilot, so the support for nuclear is good in
[00:06:56] every party,
[00:06:59] but there were some problems here too, construction was supposed to
[00:07:03] last from 2005 to 2009, but in
[00:07:06] the end it took 14 additional years, the project was
[00:07:10] plagued with delays including loose.
[00:07:12] in the turbine and issues with the instrumentation and control
[00:07:16] system. after multiple repairs, the final cost had
[00:07:19] 11 billion euros, about four times the original
[00:07:23] budget. so we were we were pioneers, so there was
[00:07:27] a long break that nobody was building here in western
[00:07:30] Europe nuclear power,
[00:07:33] so the readiness to build was not
[00:07:37] very good, and also the power plant was new
[00:07:40] design and it was... uh not
[00:07:43] designed in detail level, so
[00:07:47] plans were changed during the project, but
[00:07:51] there were no protests over the delays and soaring
[00:07:54] costs, and now the new plant is delivering
[00:07:57] electricity to the country. as in
[00:08:00] France, in Finland, nuclear energy is considered green
[00:08:03] energy. the operator has proudly called the new
[00:08:07] reactor, Finland's largest climate
[00:08:09] project.
[00:08:13] Finland is one of several European nations investing in nuclear
[00:08:16] energy, new reactors are underway in
[00:08:20] France, Slovakia, while Poland
[00:08:23] is preparing to build its first commercial nuclear power
[00:08:26] plant.
[00:08:28] The question is, what is ultimately the better
[00:08:31] path? I think that when you look at new build
[00:08:35] projects today, the cost increases they
[00:08:37] incur, the long timelines they
[00:08:40] involve.
[00:09:12] and Germany's nuclear phase out, because big
[00:09:15] country like Germany, very big country, so if
[00:09:19] you want to reach reach 100% renewables
[00:09:23] and electricity systems, we haven't seen
[00:09:26] it yet in a big country, so all the
[00:09:29] best for the for this challenging effort
[00:09:32] that that you can hopefully
[00:09:36] do with our nuclear power, but the our solution
[00:09:39] is is nuclear and renewables to.
[00:09:43] The finns have also found solution for the nuclear
[00:09:46] waste. Geologist Johanna
[00:09:49] Savunan is on our way to the construction site near the power
[00:09:53] plants. At more than 450 meters
[00:09:56] below ground, the world's first permanent repository for
[00:10:00] high-level radioactive waste is taking
[00:10:03] shape.
[00:10:06] Underground tunnels will soon store spent fuel rods for thousands of
[00:10:10] years. The nuclear waste. bunker has attracted worldwide
[00:10:14] attention.
[00:10:16] I feel proud,
[00:10:20] a difficult matter and not just waiting for some
[00:10:24] others to... show the way, I feel that this
[00:10:27] is an issue that needs to be solved, and I'm I feel proud
[00:10:31] that Finland is doing exactly that.
[00:10:34] 300 meters long and carved into granite bedrock, the
[00:10:38] tunnels will one day store highly radioactive nuclear
[00:10:42] waste. An elevator will bring the copper canisters
[00:10:46] filled with spent fuel elements down into the
[00:10:48] repository. Each canister will be placed in a
[00:10:52] hole. The holes and the tunnel will be plugged with
[00:10:55] bentonite and the tunnel finally will be sealed with
[00:10:59] concrete. the unkalo repository will go
[00:11:02] online in 2026. the
[00:11:05] waste will remain here for over 100,000 years
[00:11:08] until it is only minimally radioactive.
[00:11:11] radioactive waste is quite a
[00:11:15] difficult subject and people don't know lot
[00:11:18] about it, so people tend to be afraid of something they don't
[00:11:22] know about.
[00:11:27] their scientists. They
[00:11:29] believe that nuclear power is the best choice and that
[00:11:33] mix of wind power and nuclear energy will secure
[00:11:36] an emissions free
[00:11:37] future.
[00:11:42] Finland legt großen. Finland places great value on energy
[00:11:45] independence. And over the past decades that's worked quite well
[00:11:49] thanks to their use of nuclear power. So you could say
[00:11:53] their decisions make sense for them. but you also need to keep in mind that other
[00:11:57] countries might decide things differently. There's no single correct
[00:12:01] choice.
[00:12:05] Finland believes that its repository will be a permanent
[00:12:08] solution to the nuclear waste problem. Germany, by
[00:12:12] contrast, still doesn't have a long-term
[00:12:14] storage
[00:12:16] plan. When Germany decided to phase out nuclear power in
[00:12:19] 2011, it was agreed that we would search for the best possible
[00:12:23] repository site a white.
[00:12:55] for decades to
[00:12:56] come.
[00:13:02] By 2030, Germany aims to generate 80%
[00:13:06] of its electricity from renewables like wind and solar
[00:13:09] power. A key part of this green energy
[00:13:13] transition is battery storage. It
[00:13:16] stores excess energy for later use when demand is
[00:13:19] high. That helps stabilize the power grid and
[00:13:23] prevent overloads.
[00:13:33] battery energy storage system is being built, a 4- hour
[00:13:36] system, it will deliver 50 megw of
[00:13:40] power enough to supply a mid-sized german city
[00:13:43] of 10000 to 15000 people for 4
[00:13:46] hours,
[00:13:49] of course it has to make economic sense, we're a business so it has to pay
[00:13:53] off. Galle is an electricity trader
[00:13:57] for major German energy company, soon he
[00:14:00] won't just be selling electricity from gas and hard cold power
[00:14:03] plants, he'll also be buying and storing
[00:14:06] it.
[00:14:09] By spring 2026, new battery system will be running
[00:14:13] here. It can deliver 50 megaws of
[00:14:16] electricity about the output of a small gas
[00:14:19] plant for 4
[00:14:20] hours,
[00:14:23] because it's plugged straight in. to the grid, the battery can store
[00:14:27] surplus renewable power and release it when demand
[00:14:30] rises, turning those swings into
[00:14:33] profit.
[00:14:36] ultimately we're taking a business risk, but we believe
[00:14:39] flexibility is key for the energy
[00:14:41] transition.
[00:14:44] right now it feels like a gold rush, prices on the power
[00:14:48] exchange fluctuate daily as seen from a July weekly
[00:14:52] chart. during the day, solar... floods the
[00:14:55] grid and prices drop. in the
[00:14:58] evening and early morning, fossil plants ramp up and prices
[00:15:01] rise. battery storage systems profit from those
[00:15:05] swings. think of it like squirrels gathering
[00:15:08] nuts. we trade every 15 minutes, often the same
[00:15:12] energy again and again. sometimes it's just
[00:15:15] tiny price differences, but over time you scoop up the
[00:15:19] returns. this business model has been tested for about
[00:15:22] 10 years with a 15 megaw.
[00:16:07] limits, shutting down over 20 gigaws of plants,
[00:16:11] including four nuclear reactors. the
[00:16:14] grid's heartbeat its frequency became
[00:16:16] unstable. could battery storage systems have
[00:16:19] prevented
[00:16:22] it? we've observed the same thing that happened in Spain and Portugal
[00:16:25] here in our control
[00:16:26] room.
[00:16:30] Hendrick Neumann, CTO at transmission grid
[00:16:33] operator, helps keep Germany's grid
[00:16:36] stable. says a blackout like the one that happened in
[00:16:39] Spain and Portugal can't happen in Germany thanks to backup
[00:16:43] systems, but if batteries are to join that safety
[00:16:46] net, they must do more than store energy. They need to
[00:16:50] help steady the grid's pulse by supplying reactive power on demand.
[00:17:06] In Spain, power.
[00:17:37] able to build large-scale battery storage, even though it's
[00:17:41] essential for our future
[00:17:42] grid.
[00:17:45] that's a crucial point. so far, fossil plants have supplied
[00:17:49] reactive power almost automatically. the grid
[00:17:52] operator asks for it, the generators provide it, and
[00:17:55] electricity flows smoothly, but coal
[00:17:59] and lignite are set to be phased out by 2038 at the
[00:18:02] latest. once they're gone, reactive power won't
[00:18:06] come automatically. so a formal market needs to secure
[00:18:09] supply. the big question is, can batteries
[00:18:13] deliver during the dark duldrums, those long stretches with little sun
[00:18:17] or wind?
[00:18:20] battery storage is being put to the test here, what role
[00:18:24] will they play in tomorrow's energy system? with mega
[00:18:27] batteries on the rise, do we even need new backup gas
[00:18:31] plants at
[00:18:32] all?
[00:18:36] dirkuva is a
[00:19:07] plants supplied power and how much? up to November
[00:19:11] 1st, wind was strong, but in the following days it
[00:19:14] dropped.
[00:19:17] The week winter sun didn't add much.
[00:19:20] Gas plants stepped in with up to 15 gigaws
[00:19:24] and coal also ramped up to about 20
[00:19:27] gig.
[00:19:31] Two weeks later, the wind
[00:19:33] returned. Fossil plants scaled back.
[00:20:33] The system will only work if the right storage units are in
[00:20:36] place. eben auch die entsprechenden Speicher
[00:20:39] stehen.
[00:20:46] Batteries have the edge for short-term energy storage.
[00:20:50] By contrast, hydrogen can hold huge amounts of energy
[00:20:54] for months, but producing hydrogen takes
[00:20:58] a lot of energy, ideally from renewable
[00:21:01] sources, that's what makes it green hydrogen,
[00:21:05] and it's being produced in places you might not
[00:21:08] expect.
[00:21:12] The fuffen houfen waste water plant does more than treat
[00:21:15] sewage. It's also hosting an experiment. Andreas.
[00:24:23] says investment costs are the main reason prices will
[00:24:26] sore, interest rates are now much higher than the
[00:24:30] expected 4 to8%. in Sudan rates are over
[00:24:33] 26%. these unexpectedly high
[00:24:37] costs for green hydrogen from Africa could slow Europe's
[00:24:41] shift to clean energy in heavy industry, and
[00:24:44] that means sustainability targets won't be met,
[00:24:48] and that would also hurt Africa.
[00:25:20] benefits to both Africa and
[00:25:22] Europe.
[00:25:27] What are stars made of? How many
[00:25:30] colors can butterflies see? Could
[00:25:33] robots have babies one day? Do you
[00:25:36] have science question? Then send it to us as a video,
[00:25:40] text or voice message. If we answer
[00:25:43] it in the show, then we'll send you a little gift as a thank
[00:25:46] you, so just ask.
[00:25:53] That's all for now, but we hope you'll join us again next
[00:25:56] time for more exciting stories from the world of science and
[00:26:00] technology here tomorrow to.
[00:26:15] My land,
[00:26:18] only SD, only
[00:26:20] Izetbegović,
[00:26:30] every saving is a step towards the goal and opens dreams to reality, whoever
[00:26:34] saves creates, fixed-term
[00:26:36] savings campaign in KM or EUR with a fixed
[00:26:39] rate, Sparkasse
[00:26:41] Bank,
[00:26:43] meet our Bavaria family, grandma, keeper of the family recipe.
[00:26:58] We don't have a heart, but you have someone counting on it.
[00:27:02] Aspirin Protect (100 mg) is recommended for people with
[00:27:06] high and very high risk of cardiovascular diseases to
[00:27:10] reduce the risk of acute heart and brain stroke. Before
[00:27:13] use, carefully read the drug leaflet for information on indications, precautions, and adverse effects of the drug,
[00:27:17] consult a doctor or pharmacist. Bayer. The global
[00:27:20] economy is entering a new era.
[00:27:23] Geopolitics, technology and innovation
[00:27:26] are creating a new capital map. Where are the opportunities
[00:27:29] for Bosnia and Herzegovina and the region? We are looking for discussions
[00:27:33] and new perspectives through ideas, investments
[00:27:37] and partnerships, a new economic reality,
[00:27:40] capital horizons, ASA Bank in cooperation with
[00:27:44] Forbes Adria, October 1st, 2026.
[00:27:48] Swissôtel, Sarajevo. Between us, I reduced
[00:27:51] sweets, strawberry is
[00:27:53] an exception. Don't tell mom we took them.
[00:27:57] Some things we only say in confidence, so we choose
[00:28:01] the taste we trust. Grekos, the taste you
[00:28:04] trust.
[00:28:08] Dear viewers, welcome. Today we are talking with Dr.
[00:28:12] Jasmina Ćorović Kuburović, cardiologist, known as
[00:28:16] the heart doctor. Doctor, tell us why after
[00:28:19] 40 years many people feel they have less energy. What does
[00:28:23] Coenzyme Q10 have to do with it? Coenzyme
[00:28:26] Q10 is a substance that our body naturally produces
[00:28:30] and participates in energy production in every cell. Its
[00:28:33] production decreases with age, and at the same time it is especially
[00:28:36] important for organs that have the greatest energy needs, among them
[00:28:40] is the heart, of course, and muscles, the brain. The heart
[00:28:43] beats more than 100,000 times a day and therefore
[00:28:47] needs a huge amount of energy. How does
[00:28:51] BMTQ10 differ from standard preparations and why is
[00:28:54] selenium added? What distinguishes
[00:28:58] BMT coenzyme Q10
[00:29:01] is microencapsulation. Patients often
[00:29:04] only look at the milligrams of coenzyme Q10, but much
[00:29:07] more important than that is how much the body can
[00:29:11] absorb and use it.
[00:29:13] Microencapsulation protects coenzyme Q10 from
[00:29:17] external influences and allows significantly
[00:29:20] better absorption. In addition, the preparation contains selenium which
[00:29:23] contributes to the normal functioning of the thyroid gland, the immune
[00:29:27] system, and the protection of cells from oxidative stress, which
[00:29:31] is very important. So, Doctor,
[00:29:33] BMTQ10 can be excellent support for all of you who
[00:29:37] feel tired, have problems with blood pressure, cholesterol or
[00:29:41] sugar, for all heart problems, poor
[00:29:44] circulation. Also, if you have skin problems, frequent
[00:29:48] headaches and loss of concentration, and
[00:29:50] definitely everyone who takes statins.
[00:29:54] Today, a special promotional offer: with two
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[00:30:15] I had heart problems and pain on my left side.
[00:30:18] When I started drinking it, I don't feel that pain
[00:30:21] at all anymore. BMTQ10 is dissolved in
[00:30:24] oil, which means it stays in the body longer and has an effect for
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