N1HRV — broadcast 20260926 020000 UTC 461 transcript segments Google Cloud Speech-to-Text API (Chirp) + Gemini 2.5 Flash Non-Thinking Data courtesy of The GDELT Project (https://www.gdeltproject.org/), from the Internet Archive TV News Archive. Machine transcription. Treat it as a searchable index of what was broadcast, not a verbatim quotation record. [00:00:40] shows that the overall system works, we can connect biology with electronics [00:00:44] and computer science, and it [00:00:46] works. [00:00:55] could provide advantages when highly complex computations are necessary, [00:00:58] like those involving [00:01:30] still feel that way, if it actually [00:01:32] works, [00:01:40] artificial intelligence still isn't as flexible or creative as the [00:01:44] human mind, instead, AI models learn [00:01:48] from information that's already out there, including content from [00:01:51] sources like wikipedia, [00:01:54] but the world's largest online encyclopedia is written by [00:01:57] human volunteers and humans sometimes make [00:02:01] mistakes, so what happens when errors make their way [00:02:04] in? [00:02:08] bblemits has been active on wikipedia for five [00:02:12] years. the pensioner has written many articles, mainly [00:02:15] topics related to women, and every tuesday she [00:02:18] meets in person with other [00:02:19] wikipedians. [00:02:23] i say it takes up at least 20 hours a week, writing, uploading, [00:02:27] correcting, sometimes translating. [00:02:33] This time 10 volunteers have come together in Hanover, they [00:02:37] meet in one of the six wikipedia offices in [00:02:40] Germany, rented so the platform's authors and editors [00:02:44] can collaborate and train. [00:02:47] Contributors, however have grown scarce. 15 years [00:02:50] ago around 11,00 were active, now only [00:02:54] 5,00 to 6,00 people regularly take the [00:02:57] time. Today's session is about tips. and [00:03:00] tricks, thousands of unreviewed articles are waiting to [00:03:03] be edited, the volunteers can barely keep [00:03:08] decisive role in the development of up. that led a major German [00:03:10] newspaper to ask, how well does wikipedia still [00:03:14] work? its analyzors randomly [00:03:17] selected articles and found numerous [00:03:20] errors. [00:04:00] Details like these matter, especially in such [00:04:02] situations. [00:04:06] Mistakes were discovered in 198 German [00:04:09] wikipedia articles out of the 1011 randomly [00:04:12] selected for the study, another 203 had [00:04:16] outdated [00:04:17] information. [00:04:20] I expected some outdated content, but I didn't expect so [00:04:24] many errors, even in historical articles that [00:04:27] basically can't become outdated. [00:04:48] competent observatory or any of [00:05:00] the platform, but doesn't generate content, people have been [00:05:03] trying for years to attract younger contributors. [00:05:07] there are outreach programs in schools and universities, [00:05:10] and new authors do join. [00:05:43] The Open Source Project is the largest encyclopedia in [00:05:47] human history. Here in Berlin, Wicca media [00:05:50] provides only the software and the servers to run it, but with [00:05:54] dwindling number of volunteers and heightened awareness of [00:05:57] mistakes, could the project [00:05:59] fail? [00:06:01] Wikimedia is trying to keep the platform easier for [00:06:04] contributors to use, so that writing, editing, [00:06:08] reviewing and publishing remain accessible, but the [00:06:11] newspaper studies. [00:06:43] They think it could demotivate unpaid authors, but there's [00:06:46] no question that challenges are real. In an age of [00:06:50] AI and bots, misinformation and manipulation [00:06:53] is rampant, a growing problem. [00:06:57] 30 to 40% of all internet traffic now comes from automated [00:07:00] programs. Author Torbin Friedrich shows [00:07:04] examples from ornythology. Search engine results already include [00:07:08] many AI generated images often indistinguishable from the real [00:07:11] thing. [00:07:42] are and it's a big group of idealists and [00:07:46] idealists, but the platform needs new [00:07:50] contributors, young authors willing to write and review [00:07:54] articles in their spare time, people who want to help [00:07:57] keep wikipedia relevant and develop it further. [00:08:01] the team in Berlin is working hard to recruit them, [00:08:04] volunteers who want to ensure that the world's largest collection of [00:08:08] knowledge remains a bastion against [00:08:11] misinformation. [00:08:17] Are you looking for answers to some of the biggest questions in the [00:08:20] universe, like how did galaxies and planets [00:08:24] form, and could there be other worlds capable of supporting [00:08:28] life? NASA is about to begin mapping the universe in [00:08:31] greater detail than ever before, with a brand new [00:08:35] space telescope that's been years in the making. Now it's [00:08:38] finally ready and launch is scheduled for late August 2020. [00:08:48] It's designed to detect light from billions of [00:08:51] galaxies, discover thousands of new [00:08:55] planets orbiting other stars and to [00:08:59] help clear up mysteries that shaped the evolution and [00:09:02] makeup of space and time, and we really need [00:09:06] to do that because we're trying to answer fundamental questions about the [00:09:08] universe. Roman will have field of you that's a hundred times bigger. [00:09:12] so i'll be able to survey the sky hundred times [00:09:14] faster. [00:09:19] instead of like focusing on an individual tree, you [00:09:23] can see the big [00:09:24] forest. [00:09:30] the Nancy Grace Roman space telescope, or Roman for short [00:09:33] is named after NASA's first chief of [00:09:36] astronomy. she's often called the mother of hubble for [00:09:40] her tireless efforts to gain approval funding for the [00:09:43] iconic instrument launched back in 1990. [00:09:47] she was really the person that um came up with [00:09:51] the plan and the idea to do astrophysics from space. we [00:09:54] wouldn't really have hubble or [00:09:57] shandra or [00:10:01] these major space missions without her [00:10:04] vision and and leadership. [00:10:08] yeah, the space telescope that bears her name carries two. [00:10:25] larger than hovel can manage and offering a [00:10:28] broader cosmic perspective than even the james web space [00:10:31] telescope. the interesting thing is [00:10:35] that hubble and and web are like looking through [00:10:39] key hole, you can get lot of detail, but roman will do [00:10:42] things different differently, it's like opening the door and it's going to [00:10:46] allow us to m the universe. the second [00:10:50] instrument on board called the coronograph is a [00:10:53] complex device for screening out a star's overwhelming [00:10:57] glare. Together, the two tools will provide fresh [00:11:00] data a range of questions. One of the most tantalizing among them [00:11:04] being, other worlds like ours, somewhere [00:11:08] else in the universe, how common sort of system like our [00:11:11] own. [00:11:14] To date, we have found over 6,00 planets circling [00:11:18] other stars. Roman will dramatically expand our [00:11:21] exoplanet catalog. NASA expects it to... [00:11:26] more in the coming years. Most of those [00:11:29] discovered so far have been very large as they're simply easier to [00:11:33] spot across vast distances using [00:11:35] indirect methods, but Roman should be able to see some of them [00:11:39] directly. It will take really fuzzy [00:11:42] pictures, we hope of planets around nearby stars with a technique called [00:11:46] direct imaging. So not just using in direct indicators, [00:11:50] but actually detecting exoplanets as faint points, even light years [00:11:54] away. uh will block the light from the stars [00:11:57] to see the light from the [00:12:01] from the planet surface, and with that we think we'll be able to see Jupiter like [00:12:05] objects. what about planets smaller than [00:12:09] that, more similar earth, worlds that might be [00:12:12] like our own. detecting those is the primary [00:12:16] goal for the European space agency mission Plato, [00:12:19] which is scheduled to launch early 2027. the [00:12:23] ESA Space Telescope has 26 cameras and for [00:12:27] years a time it will train them on nearby stars similar [00:12:31] to our sun, because it will specifically focus [00:12:34] on detecting earth like exoplanets up to the [00:12:37] habitable zones around those stars, he says plateau [00:12:41] will provide a great compliment to NASA's [00:12:43] Roman. Roman will also help [00:12:46] researchers see far beyond nearby [00:12:49] exoplanets. [00:12:52] the data it harvests should help provide brand new insights into [00:12:56] a major cosmic mystery, Roman is going [00:12:59] to be answering big questions about the dark universe, [00:13:03] it has a gravitational pole, we can see its effect on other matter in [00:13:07] the universe, but we don't know what it is, so we call it dark matter. dark energy [00:13:11] is something else that has the opposite effect, it is driving the universe [00:13:14] to expand, we don't know what it is, but we see it acts like inflating [00:13:18] energy, so we called dark [00:13:19] energy. [00:13:22] little is known about the nature of dark. matter and dark [00:13:25] energy, neither has actually ever been directly measured, but [00:13:29] astronomers believe they've played a [00:13:33] the universe that we can see. [00:13:36] in models, dark matter makes up vast and visible web [00:13:40] that shapes how galaxies form, move and [00:13:43] evolve, while dark energy powers the [00:13:46] expansion we see around us. understanding them better [00:13:49] would tell us more about why things are the way they are today and [00:13:53] where they're headed. "these are kind of fundamental questions [00:13:57] about our universe, but they're really hard to [00:13:59] answer. [00:14:02] The Nancy Grace Roman space Telescope [00:14:06] should bring us a step or two closer to answering [00:14:09] them. [00:14:16] From biocomputing imperfect information [00:14:20] and interplanetary ambitions, that wraps [00:14:23] things up this time around. [00:14:26] Thanks for joining us and hope to see you again soon tomorrow [00:14:29] today. Bye for now. [00:15:04] Good evening, this is another Red Line, I am Marina Fratucan. In Bosnia [00:15:08] and Herzegovina, the October general elections were once again [00:15:11] marked by a war-torn past, national divisions, and a battle for [00:15:15] the Croatian member of the presidency. In Serbia, extraordinary parliamentary elections under [00:15:19] the shadow of a fallen canopy in Novi Sad, experts claim a never [00:15:23] dirtier campaign with an uncertain outcome. Are political conflicts and hate speech [00:15:27] in this campaign more important in the countries of the region than pre-election programs and solving [00:15:30] real problems of citizens? Are [00:15:34] citizens this time in a situation to elect capable but... [00:15:37] unsuitable? Can previous abstainers in Serbia be animated by [00:15:41] students, in Bosnia and Herzegovina, politicians who pretend to [00:15:44] play music? Is a referendum-based or a multi-party electoral offer more [00:15:47] important for Serbia, and what do new electoral [00:15:51] technologies bring to Bosnia and Herzegovina? What are the similarities and differences of [00:15:55] the October elections in Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, and how does official Zagreb, [00:15:58] where pre-election coalitions were presented long before the new elections, [00:16:02] view them? On the Red Line, Pale Dimitrijević from the Crta Organization, [00:16:06] Krešimir Macan, political scientist, and Elvis Fejzić, professor at the Faculty [00:16:09] of Political Sciences in Sarajevo, good evening to all, good [00:16:13] evening, good evening, well, the election campaign is [00:16:16] heating up, it's somehow in its final stages in Bosnia and Herzegovina, [00:16:19] in Serbia at its peak, so to speak, meaning we still have a month, not [00:16:23] even all electoral lists have been submitted yet, and Croatia is watching this from the side, so [00:16:27] let's see how official Zagreb reacts to what awaits [00:16:31] October in the region for these elections, but we saw, as I announced, there are [00:16:34] some pre-election coalitions that were formed long ago. and before [00:16:38] the elections, which should be in 19 months, parliamentary elections in Croatia, let's start with Bosnia [00:16:42] and Herzegovina, which on October 4th, [00:16:46] in the 10th month, will have general parliamentary [00:16:48] elections, Mr. Fezić, we are here, I somehow [00:16:52] mentioned in the announcement that there are few programs, [00:16:55] singing, playing music, but by God, [00:16:59] discussions about the war-torn past, national divisions, [00:17:02] of course, what is important and what we will hear more about from [00:17:06] Croatia about... about the election of the Croatian member of the presidency, how would [00:17:10] you assess the current campaign which is soon ending? [00:17:13] završava? [00:17:15] Well, this is in principle something that has already been seen, right? [00:17:19] mhm, this, I don't know which general elections in a row these [00:17:22] are after the signing of the Dayton [00:17:25] Peace Agreement, and [00:17:28] somehow the impression is that we are not making [00:17:31] steps forward when it comes to, [00:17:33] one might say, this pacifist [00:17:37] rhetoric and the very reintegration [00:17:40] of the state, this, all the time the focus is, [00:17:43] as you have already emphasized, [00:17:45] uh, some political topics [00:17:49] that are associated with the distant [00:17:52] past, and what's more, [00:17:55] even in this political campaign, pre-election campaign of political [00:17:59] parties, these three [00:18:02] distinct camps can somehow be differentiated, mhm, [00:18:05] which correspond to these ethno- graphical lines, [00:18:09] because somehow the focus is, for example, [00:18:13] of parties for which the Bosniak electorate [00:18:16] predominantly votes, the question of unity, the question [00:18:19] of the state, and [00:18:22] the question that speaks of progress forward of the state, [00:18:26] society, and thus also [00:18:29] this, therefore, national cohesion, [00:18:32] mhm, while, for example, the focus of these [00:18:36] Croatian political parties and parties [00:18:39] gathered around HNS and HDZ, but this [00:18:42] group of five somehow in focus, is [00:18:45] it, that question of achieving, [00:18:48] is it, or putting in the first plan, uh, those [00:18:51] real political ailments of Croatian political [00:18:54] representation, that is, therefore, to somehow [00:18:58] achieve that legitimate Croatian [00:19:02] representation in terms of electing a member [00:19:04] of the presidency, but actually... to also [00:19:08] reach this much-desired electoral [00:19:11] reform where these ethnic electoral units would also be created, [00:19:15] which is actually not good for the very [00:19:18] integration of the state and its further construction, because it is, therefore, further [00:19:21] division along ethnocratic notes would mean [00:19:25] only taking a step backward, while, for example, [00:19:29] with these parties that come from the smaller [00:19:32] Bosnian-Herzegovinian entity, the Republika Srpska entity, [00:19:34] this is clearly visible... that in the forefront, [00:19:38] through these political platitudes and themes, [00:19:41] this emphasizes, therefore, [00:19:45] Republika Srpska as an entity, its desired [00:19:48] autonomy, and even, therefore, that progress which has little [00:19:52] to do with the state of Bosnia and Herzegovina, of which [00:19:55] Republika Srpska is an entity. All in all, one might say, [00:19:58] a very, uh, let's say [00:20:01] chaotic campaign in which there is sometimes [00:20:05] hate speech because through this media sphere we have [00:20:09] discreditations, I apologize for interrupting you, but this has also been highlighted by [00:20:13] the Central Electoral Commission, this hate [00:20:16] speech, but also sanctions for campaigning before the campaign where [00:20:19] uh, one might say, participants participated [00:20:23] before the official election campaign was announced, that's right, that's right, there [00:20:26] have already been interventions by the Central Electoral Commission in that [00:20:30] regard, but here, it continues all the time, I say, that [00:20:33] personal discreditation of political [00:20:36] rivals, mhm, where attempts are made in this [00:20:40] detective sense to search for their [00:20:43] past, various affairs, so [00:20:47] to speak, by simulating [00:20:50] uh... some possible [00:20:53] scenarios of what could happen in the future [00:20:57] through this detective discovery of what politicians [00:21:00] did in previous mandates, even more, it's not only related [00:21:04] to their performance of public duties, is [00:21:07] it, some of these topics and discreditations even concern [00:21:11] their private lives, their other relationships and so on, which would mean [00:21:14] nothing new, as you also stated, new [00:21:18] technologies are something new, we will talk about that a little later... [00:21:21] biometric identification, scanners, which should [00:21:24] help everything be transparent, uh, so there are no [00:21:27] unknowns, but we will see, there were some test elections uh in recent [00:21:31] weeks, but now let's go to Serbia, Mr. [00:21:35] Dimitrijević, would you say that this campaign has already [00:21:38] been seen, expected, we have quite a few, how to [00:21:42] say, novelties uh, where that [00:21:45] student list still comes out, which should animate and do you [00:21:49] think it could animate abstainers, [00:21:52] the atmosphere is very heated, uh, but what do you say, does [00:21:56] it seem to you like previous campaigns or are we [00:21:59] somehow in a different and distinct electoral [00:22:02] cycle? It is certain that Serbia [00:22:06] enters these elections in a different [00:22:09] environment than in previous election processes for [00:22:12] the simple reason that Serbia today is a deeply polarized [00:22:16] society after the collapse of the awning. and [00:22:20] after, uh, I would say, uh, uh, [00:22:24] the emergence of the student movement, the circumstances in society [00:22:27] have changed, and although there [00:22:30] were very different attempts [00:22:33] by the authorities to uh, somehow [00:22:37] disperse and break the energy of the student [00:22:41] movement, we have now actually entered the [00:22:44] elections with two political [00:22:48] actors who have a very prominent [00:22:51] role, but apart from that, these [00:22:55] elections have actually [00:22:57] shown so far, and this entire election campaign, [00:23:00] that truly unexpected things can be [00:23:04] expected, mhm, so for the first time we also have [00:23:07] uh the withdrawal of the [00:23:10] list of the coalition of previously [00:23:13] parliamentary parties that conducted their campaign [00:23:16] in just five days, uh... [00:23:20] Which means it's far from certain which electoral actors [00:23:24] we will have in this race, until October 4th [00:23:27] when the elections in Bosnia and Herzegovina are, the lists should be final, right? [00:23:31] That's right. So, there's still a lot of [00:23:34] time from that perspective, but I must say that [00:23:37] this campaign period was truly marked by [00:23:41] uh uh an incredible [00:23:45] presence of President Vučić [00:23:48] in the media, uh... and that [00:23:51] constant, I would say, rhetoric [00:23:54] of attacking political opponents, [00:23:58] here are the latest monitoring results published by Crta in just the last [00:24:01] week show that every other second [00:24:05] is actually devoted to the opposition negatively, that, for example, [00:24:09] President Vučić occupied [00:24:12] 46% of the total, total [00:24:16] time dedicated to political actors, so that this [00:24:19] absolute... media uh dominance on [00:24:22] one side and somehow [00:24:25] the desire of political actors [00:24:29] from the government to absolutely [00:24:31] uh degrade political opponents. We heard that in Bosnia and [00:24:35] Herzegovina, the CIC sanctioned [00:24:37] because the campaign before the campaign was conducted. You said [00:24:41] here that in this election campaign, all records of abuse of office are being broken. [00:24:45] You just mentioned some data, but here we have, from August, exactly [00:24:49] Crta, where you come from. Aleksandar Vučić appeared [00:24:52] 129 times in live programs, while from March, a thousand [00:24:56] different activities of officials in the field were recorded, even before the elections were even [00:25:00] called, however, there are no such [00:25:03] activities from the Central Electoral Commission as, for example, in Bosnia and [00:25:06] Herzegovina. Well, there are no different ones while [00:25:09] I must also say that the powers of the Central Electoral [00:25:13] Commission in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Republican Electoral [00:25:16] Commission in Serbia, which is not a permanent body. [00:25:20] As a lawyer, I say that our [00:25:22] systems in that sense are very [00:25:25] different, but regardless of that, we saw the campaign before the campaign [00:25:29] in Serbia, and even for the first time, [00:25:33] for example, rallies were organized, [00:25:36] specifically a rally of, for example, the Serbian [00:25:39] Progressive Party in the south [00:25:42] of Serbia before the elections were called, where the slogan and name [00:25:45] of the list were actually promoted, and where even the [00:25:49] president, uh Vučić publicly called on his [00:25:53] supporters to vote for that list, that publicly [00:25:56] absolutely did not happen earlier, there was an attempt [00:26:00] in Novi Sad, but it uh... didn't happen, and now here it's [00:26:04] interesting who sanctions this, so if in Bosnia and Herzegovina it's the CIC, who sanctions it [00:26:07] here? Well, here, such campaign [00:26:11] activities before the campaign, we hope that the Agency for [00:26:15] the Prevention of Corruption could process [00:26:18] or sanction it, that's why we submitted [00:26:20] a complaint or an initiative, uh, so [00:26:24] we'll see what happens with that in the coming period, but [00:26:27] uh, I won't say no one, but so [00:26:30] far the institutions [00:26:32] have remained mostly silent on such matters. Finally, to Croatia, [00:26:36] it doesn't mean it's less important, but excuse me, Mr. Macan, at this moment [00:26:40] we have two countries where it's truly burning, so to speak, [00:26:43] pre-election, uh, how does Croatia view these two countries, [00:26:47] I assume it's a little more interested in Bosnia and Herzegovina given [00:26:50] the Croatian member of the presidency who is being elected, for years we know these elections have been problematic [00:26:54] due to the way he is elected, but here, [00:26:58] you tell me how official Zagreb [00:27:01] views these elections in both [00:27:04] countries. Well, I think my colleague from Sarajevo has already [00:27:08] emphasized that, well, these elections are not [00:27:12] only for the member of the Croatian presidency so important, and an equally [00:27:15] big battle is being fought for the Bosniak member [00:27:18] of the presidency. There, let's say, the Croatian side expects that Bosniak [00:27:22] votes will be mobilized in the [00:27:25] Bosniak elections for a member of the presidency, so we have Denis Bićirević [00:27:29] from the SDP and parties that support him on the other side. [00:27:32] Bakir Izetbegović's side who, let's say, has put [00:27:36] all his cards on being elected as a member of the presidency as [00:27:39] the president of the SDA, so in principle, let's say Croats [00:27:43] are doing everything they can, but they hope for something they could never influence, which is [00:27:47] how many Bosniaks will vote for the Croatian member of the presidency. That's what [00:27:50] they want to change. If someone from the Croatian ranks [00:27:54] is elected without Bosniak votes, that will already be [00:27:58] a step forward, and that's what, let's say, primarily interests [00:28:02] Croatia. Croatia, but well, Croatia generally wants Bosnia and Herzegovina [00:28:05] to continue its European path, to have a stable [00:28:08] partner across the border, to have a stable government. It has been shown [00:28:12] in the past four years that when the high representative intervened [00:28:15] to form the government, it still [00:28:19] functioned. So, we had before that a mandate in which we de facto had [00:28:23] an acting prime minister for a long time, or rather, the government could not be formed [00:28:26] at all due to complicated rules and laws. So, [00:28:30] what I mean is, we primarily want a functional government and that Croats [00:28:34] are represented in the presidency, and in the government, they have practically [00:28:37] participated in every government so far, but not in the presidency. That's the main topic, and now we need [00:28:41] to see who will pass with the HDZ, let's say, pulling an ace [00:28:44] out of its sleeve, that we have for the first time someone who could seriously, as a woman, [00:28:48] enter the presidency uh [00:28:51] uh the presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina. They had female candidates before, [00:28:55] but they didn't have a chance. This is the first time that uh a woman could [00:28:59] be the president in the uh [00:29:02] member of the presidency on behalf of Croats. We see [00:29:06] Darijana Filipović is currently the favorite, but it remains to be seen, [00:29:09] I say, we don't know how Bosniaks will vote, so [00:29:13] uh we are waiting for that. As for this, when I listened to both [00:29:17] sets of rules, Bosnia and Herzegovina is quite well regulated, even too strictly. [00:29:20] meaning it is written there what is not allowed in [00:29:24] Serbia it is quite like uh [00:29:28] not so precise not so precise precisely so that it can be [00:29:31] manipulated with. "I think that let's say the biggest [00:29:35] mistake of all those who wanted to prepare to go to the [00:29:38] elections was that not enough pressure was exerted to implement at least something from [00:29:42] those 21 recommendations so that the election battle [00:29:45] would be equalized, because what everyone is asking for, I mean if you strive towards the European [00:29:49] Union, in that campaign period [00:29:52] everyone has equal opportunities, so even if before the campaign [00:29:56] you have such a domination, at least those three weeks, however long the campaign is decided [00:30:00] to last, you should have an equal number." [00:30:02] appearances, equal opportunities and so on, I don't know if that will succeed, my colleague from [00:30:06] tota will explain better mm let's briefly touch on, we will continue [00:30:10] of course this part, first of all I am interested in of course Croatian support [00:30:13] for Milorad Dodik who cannot participate but he is on billboards with [00:30:17] slogans, yes, so that part we will discuss a little later, the traditional [00:30:21] connection uh of HDZ BiH of course and [00:30:24] SNSD, but let's also touch on Croatia, as I said in the introduction, in the [00:30:27] previous days, during the past week, this alliance, we can [00:30:31] also mention SDP, which in principle was announced, now it has been formalized, but [00:30:35] let's remember that on the 24th it was not in all places, that is, in [00:30:39] all constituencies it was not uh, how to [00:30:41] say, formed, because exactly we can say that somewhere SDP [00:30:45] might have ruined their result, so how do you comment that they have now [00:30:49] decided to truly and officially [00:30:51] unite in a coalition almost 19 months before the elections, we also [00:30:55] see some election polls saying that together they in this last [00:30:59] research