N1HRV — broadcast
20261012 023000 UTC
438 transcript segments
Google Cloud Speech-to-Text API (Chirp) + Gemini 2.5 Flash Non-Thinking
Data courtesy of The GDELT Project (https://www.gdeltproject.org/), from the Internet Archive TV News Archive.
Machine transcription. Treat it as a searchable index of what was broadcast, not a verbatim quotation record.

[00:05:00] is an unattainable dream because the costs are extremely
[00:05:03] high. We met a woman who found the right
[00:05:07] way to live in the heart of the capital,
[00:05:11] without paying a whole fortune for it, a seating area,
[00:05:14] a workspace, a sleeping area, a place
[00:05:17] to prepare food, a bicycle with which I like to move
[00:05:21] around the city, and this is the rehearsal space, and I am truly
[00:05:24] privileged to have so much space in the center
[00:05:27] of London. London is one of the most expensive cities in the world.
[00:05:31] Here in the Bloomsbury neighborhood, the monthly rent for a 1004-square-meter
[00:05:34] apartment is around 6,000 euros. Robin
[00:05:38] pays only about 1700 euros for 110
[00:05:41] square meters. This 18th-century building was once
[00:05:45] an art school, now it's for sale, but that doesn't mean it's empty.
[00:05:49] Hello. I'm Robin. I'm a property guardian, so living in London is
[00:05:52] a little more affordable for me than it would otherwise be. Come
[00:05:56] in and I'll show you what life as a property guardian is like. You can immediately
[00:06:00] tell that this is no ordinary building. This was once
[00:06:03] the reception of the Women's Art Academy to which the building
[00:06:07] belongs. It's currently for sale for a modest
[00:06:10] 7.5 million pounds. That's why we're guarding it until it
[00:06:14] sells. Building owners primarily choose property guardians to prevent
[00:06:18] squatting and unauthorized
[00:06:21] occupation. You don't want someone to move in and then not be able to
[00:06:25] evict them later. And we guardians are happy to stay here
[00:06:28] as long as the building needs protection, then we move on
[00:06:32] to the next one. This is one of two staircases, actually it's
[00:06:36] two connected buildings. I use this staircase
[00:06:39] the most. There are eighteen of us in the building. Everyone uses
[00:06:43] their own space. Here are the showers
[00:06:46] and toilets. My room is right upstairs, let's go
[00:06:49] up. In London, there are about 10,000
[00:06:53] property guardians like Robin. This is the entrance
[00:06:56] to my room. Come in. The concept of property
[00:06:59] guardians arrived in Great Britain from the Netherlands in
[00:07:02] 2001. You might know that some rooms in
[00:07:06] London are quite small, but this one is a little
[00:07:09] different. This was actually the theater studio of the Women's Art Academy.
[00:07:12] umjetnosti,
[00:07:20] I am a theater director, so it's incredible to have so much
[00:07:24] space, I can bring actors, hold rehearsals and plan
[00:07:27] the plays I'm preparing with my team, you've probably noticed that
[00:07:31] the space is easily adaptable, here
[00:07:34] for example I sleep, here I prepare
[00:07:36] food, here I keep my bicycle, I also have a living
[00:07:40] area, as well as a working
[00:07:43] corner, everything I need is in one
[00:07:47] room, that suits me just fine, we just look after the building as
[00:07:51] it is, we are not allowed to make major comprehensive changes, so I would
[00:07:55] not paint the walls or do anything like that.
[00:07:58] Over the past 14 years, Robin has lived as a guardian in seven
[00:08:02] different buildings, including former offices, hotels, and even a
[00:08:06] police station.
[00:08:09] In that building there was a public address system through which I could address
[00:08:13] people in every room. The building once belonged to
[00:08:16] the British Transport Police, so every room had its own
[00:08:20] public address system. However, I never used it, I didn't want to
[00:08:23] disturb people. One of
[00:08:26] the drawbacks of living in this beautiful room is that I have to
[00:08:29] go out every time I need water or have to use
[00:08:32] the toilet. So we go to the shared
[00:08:35] bathrooms.
[00:08:39] Which are right here. This is one
[00:08:42] of three bathrooms we have in the building that we
[00:08:45] all use. As you can see, this is the original bathroom used
[00:08:48] by the Women's Art Academy. Some of us in
[00:08:52] the building are a little more meticulous when it comes to
[00:08:55] cleaning. I, for example, am one of them, so I think, oh my god,
[00:08:59] look at all these toothpaste stains, what is this? The former
[00:09:02] cafeteria might look like an ideal place for parties, but such
[00:09:06] activities are not allowed. Lit candles and open doors are also
[00:09:10] not allowed. Most residents here just come to
[00:09:13] cook something.
[00:09:16] I'm pretty introverted, I have a huge space, so
[00:09:20] I mostly prepare everything upstairs, then I come down here when I need
[00:09:23] something, like an oven or a washing machine,
[00:09:27] but it's nice because you can talk to people here that you
[00:09:30] probably wouldn't otherwise talk to. The agency
[00:09:34] that deploys guardians occasionally checks if everyone is following
[00:09:38] the rules. Anyone with a regular income
[00:09:41] and no children can apply to be a property guardian. How long will Robin
[00:09:45] live here?
[00:09:48] I think we'll stay another three to four months, maybe even
[00:09:52] longer, but you never know, you have to be ready to move
[00:09:55] at any time.
[00:09:59] Can you imagine being a property guardian in exchange for
[00:10:02] cheaper
[00:10:03] rent?
[00:10:08] Industrial bakeries use mixtures and
[00:10:11] additives, that. That's pure doping, says master baker
[00:10:14] Arnt Erbel, that's strictly forbidden in his
[00:10:18] bakery.
[00:10:21] Is this the best natural bread in Germany? Arnt
[00:10:25] Erbelis of Daxbach in northern Bavaria is the only
[00:10:28] German "Frei" or independent baker. "The taste
[00:10:31] motivated me. When my father forgot to add leavening
[00:10:35] agent, the rolls were smaller, but much
[00:10:38] tastier." Erbel completely avoids
[00:10:42] additives, which is why he has the legally protected title.
[00:10:45] His
[00:10:49] products, even sweet pastries, rely on natural sourdough.
[00:10:52] tijesto.
[00:10:56] We want to work with grain as it comes,
[00:10:59] directly from outside, unprocessed, that's why it's so easy to
[00:11:02] digest.
[00:11:05] His bakery has been running since 1680, which
[00:11:09] makes it one of the oldest in Germany. The best-selling product
[00:11:12] is the traditional Bauernbrot or farmer's bread. Sourdough
[00:11:16] is a fermented mixture of flour and water in which wild
[00:11:19] yeasts and lactic acid bacteria develop. This is
[00:11:23] yesterday's mature sourdough.
[00:11:25] I take a piece, pour in a little water as if for
[00:11:28] plaster, and mix it until it's
[00:11:31] smooth.
[00:11:39] Then I add fresh wholemeal rye flour and mix until I get a
[00:11:43] dough. This will be the starter for
[00:11:46] tomorrow.
[00:11:49] Our sourdough is so strong and active that we don't need
[00:11:53] industrial yeast at all.
[00:11:59] While this is common practice for Erbel, it is an
[00:12:02] exception in Germany today. In the 1960s, in West
[00:12:06] Germany, there were about 55,000 artisanal
[00:12:09] bakeries, today there are only 9,000 left, so
[00:12:12] industrial bakeries dominate
[00:12:14] the market.
[00:12:18] It's sad to see this craft disappear, that this decline
[00:12:21] cannot be stopped, but we have found our way. And
[00:12:25] I really have no reason to complain.
[00:12:27] From Daxbach to the world,
[00:12:31] Erbel is, in a sense, a cult figure on the German and international
[00:12:34] baking scene. His clients are top restaurants and
[00:12:38] delicatessen stores across Europe. Although he has
[00:12:42] received numerous awards, including for best baker in Bavaria,
[00:12:46] he still primarily sees himself as a local village baker.
[00:12:49] We are focused on quality and origin, on real bread, not on some
[00:12:53] industrial product.
[00:12:56] It's the best in the region, people come from afar just for the
[00:12:59] bread, we drive 50 km to Erbel's bakery
[00:13:03] because his bread stays fresh for a long time.
[00:13:06] And how is it prepared?
[00:13:09] Bauernbrot consists of wholemeal rye
[00:13:12] flour, white rye flour,
[00:13:15] wholemeal spelt flour, white spelt
[00:13:18] flour, salt and
[00:13:21] First, everything is well
[00:13:25] combined.
[00:13:30] Then the dough is divided into loaves and kneaded
[00:13:32] by hand.
[00:13:37] Of course, there are still many good bakeries in Germany, but few of them
[00:13:40] still do so much
[00:13:42] by hand.
[00:13:46] The shaped dough then goes into a basket to rest before it
[00:13:50] ends up in the
[00:13:51] oven.
[00:13:55] So that you consistently achieve good results, we literally
[00:13:58] bake our happiness, starting from the sourdough,
[00:14:01] we grind the flour, we knead the dough every day
[00:14:05] we take a perfect loaf out of the oven, that
[00:14:09] is pure joy,
[00:14:13] when the timer sounds, Bauern brot is ready, it is set
[00:14:16] aside to cool a little, but it is best when it is freshly
[00:14:19] baked. Bread baking has a long tradition
[00:14:23] in Germany, also known for the greatest variety of bread in
[00:14:27] the world, with more than 3000 registered types
[00:14:30] German bread culture is truly unique, so UNESCO
[00:14:34] included it in the intangible cultural
[00:14:37] heritage in 2014.
[00:14:40] For me, the most important thing is to constantly refine the details.
[00:14:44] Mastering even the smallest nuances is a sign of true
[00:14:47] mastery, I want to keep
[00:14:49] learning.
[00:14:57] By following his path, Arnt Erbel preserves a
[00:15:01] timeless craft and protects one of humanity's most important
[00:15:05] traditions.
[00:15:11] Madeira, one of the most popular island
[00:15:14] destinations in the Atlantic, but that has
[00:15:17] its downsides. Mass tourism takes its toll and
[00:15:20] leaves consequences on the island's natural environment. What is being done
[00:15:24] then? Our reporter investigated Madeira's strategies.
[00:15:28] The Portuguese island of Madeira is located in the Atlantic Ocean
[00:15:31] about 100 km from mainland Portugal.
[00:15:35] Its largest city is Funchal. Almost every
[00:15:38] visitor ends up here at least once, for many, especially
[00:15:42] cruise ship passengers, it's their first encounter with
[00:15:44] the island.
[00:15:50] It's currently off-season, but you can see that there are already
[00:15:54] two cruise ships in the harbor with about 4,000
[00:15:57] passengers. Sometimes they all arrive at the same time and head straight to
[00:16:00] the old part of Funchal. It's easy to understand why. The colorful
[00:16:04] facades, painted doors, are very charming. But
[00:16:08] the narrow streets can quickly become
[00:16:10] overcrowded. My next stop is the city
[00:16:13] market, popular with tourists also for its beautiful
[00:16:17] ceramic mosaics at the entrance and in the inner courtyard.
[00:16:21] Inside you'll find vegetables, fruit, fish, a lot
[00:16:24] of it at rather high tourist prices.
[00:16:28] Sometimes the crowd is unpleasantly large. The terrain soon
[00:16:32] becomes steep and hilly. If that's too
[00:16:35] much for you, you can always take the cable car. But be prepared
[00:16:38] to
[00:16:39] wait.
[00:16:46] I'm lucky, the queue is not long.
[00:16:49] The ride to the picturesque mountain village of Monte takes about
[00:16:53] 15 minutes.
[00:16:55] When you arrive, a beautiful view of Funchal Bay
[00:16:58] awaits you.
[00:17:01] You can visit the nearby Monte Palace Tropical Garden, with
[00:17:05] more than a hundred thousand
[00:17:07] species from all over the world, these flamingos are very
[00:17:11] popular among visitors.
[00:17:15] Just a few minutes' walk away is another popular
[00:17:18] attraction, a ride in traditional wicker
[00:17:21] sleds, although it's not the best choice if you're in
[00:17:25] a hurry. So, in one queue you wait to buy
[00:17:28] tickets, in another for the sled ride, which
[00:17:32] means this will take a while. I have to
[00:17:35] wait 30 minutes for the ride, which gives me enough
[00:17:38] time to reconsider this decision. Fortunately, I don't have to
[00:17:42] steer the sled myself, two drivers, known as
[00:17:46] carrieiros, take care of that. Ah,
[00:17:48] it's finally my turn, I'm going at a speed of over 40
[00:17:52] km/h. I hope we can manage all the
[00:17:56] turns.
[00:17:58] I admit, this definitely gets the adrenaline pumping.
[00:18:02] The carreiros kick with the thick rubber soles of their
[00:18:05] shoes. When we reached the finish line. "My knees were still trembling
[00:18:09] a little.
[00:18:13] Back in Funchal, which feels overcrowded to me.
[00:18:17] There are many apartments in the city that are rented out via Airbnb
[00:18:20] and other short-term rental platforms. Does this lead
[00:18:24] to the same housing problems as other tourist
[00:18:27] destinations? I meet with Eduardo Jesus, responsible for island
[00:18:31] tourism, to find out more. Here in
[00:18:34] Funchal it is not possible to get permission to rent
[00:18:38] apartments in buildings where local residents live, this is the first
[00:18:42] step to ensure peace and quiet for the local
[00:18:45] population.
[00:18:52] And another novelty has been introduced: visitors now
[00:18:55] have to book access to some hiking trails, and even
[00:18:59] a specific time slot. Booking a hiking
[00:19:02] trail, I'm hearing about that for the first time, I'm booking a spot on
[00:19:05] trail 25 Fontes. It is one of the
[00:19:07] most popular, price 4.5 euros per
[00:19:10] person, morning slots are booked several days
[00:19:14] in advance.
[00:19:19] The next day I set off, even finding a parking space at 10
[00:19:23] AM, an almost impossible mission, and people are still
[00:19:27] arriving.
[00:19:32] Fortunately, I have a ticket, although no one checked it, it seems
[00:19:36] that checks are only occasional. The trail is
[00:19:40] wide at the beginning and, apart from occasional
[00:19:43] groups of hikers, offers enough space to enjoy nature
[00:19:47] and the
[00:19:48] view.
[00:19:55] I meet Eli Kolb from Germany who has some first-hand
[00:19:58] advice. She has lived in Madeira for two years and leads
[00:20:02] hiking tours here. We check a trail just a few
[00:20:06] minutes away. It leads to the same destination as the one I just
[00:20:09] visited, but it has far fewer
[00:20:12] people.
[00:20:15] This trail doesn't exist on Google Maps, it's not popular on Instagram,
[00:20:19] so it's much easier to get to, and it's just as
[00:20:22] beautiful. Although I still have to make a
[00:20:25] reservation and pay a fee here, I can choose
[00:20:28] the time slot I want, and there's almost no one on the
[00:20:31] trail.
[00:20:35] What are your ideas for avoiding it?
[00:20:41] Imagine replacing traffic jams and deadlines with ocean
[00:20:45] views and the sound of waves. That's exactly what Sabine
[00:20:49] and Schverer did with their six children, living
[00:20:52] on a sailboat, sailing the world's oceans and advocating
[00:20:56] for environmental protection.
[00:20:58] Welcome.
[00:21:01] Tromsø, Norway. Here, a Swiss family
[00:21:04] has dropped anchor of their 15-meter long sailboat
[00:21:07] "Pachamama", which in the Inca language means Mother
[00:21:10] Earth.
[00:21:13] Now I can show you how we all live together on this
[00:21:16] boat. This is our living room. We have a large one.
[00:21:21] Right across is the
[00:21:22] kitchen.
[00:21:27] We cook here. Perhaps it's interesting that the
[00:21:30] stove can move.
[00:21:33] When there's a lot of wind and waves, we can still
[00:21:36] cook, so the spaghetti or
[00:21:39] soup doesn't spill. Here is one
[00:21:43] cabin.
[00:21:51] Here is another, where Alegra and
[00:21:54] Salina sleep. Here we also have a shower, you just
[00:21:58] pull it out and shower
[00:22:00] yourself.
[00:22:08] It's eight in the morning, time for breakfast. Meals are eaten
[00:22:12] on the enclosed deck. The daily life of this family of eight
[00:22:15] takes place in just 20 square meters. The boat doesn't
[00:22:19] offer much
[00:22:20] privacy.
[00:22:25] The children never complained about not having their own room or
[00:22:29] a slightly larger bed. Perhaps
[00:22:32] because that's always been
[00:22:33] normal for them.
[00:22:36] All the children were born during the journey and are now between
[00:22:40] 7 and 20 years old. Instead of
[00:22:43] streets, cars, and movies, they grow up with animals and
[00:22:47] nature.
[00:22:51] Dario and his wife Sabine started this unconventional
[00:22:54] life in 1999
[00:22:57] when they set off on a trip around the world. As a certified
[00:23:00] mountain guide, Dario wanted to climb the highest peak on every
[00:23:04] continent, relying solely on his own strength
[00:23:07] and the power of nature. His goal was to inspire people to start protecting
[00:23:11] our planet. Initially, it was very difficult to finance such an
[00:23:15] expedition. Today we are lucky, we have
[00:23:19] sponsors and people.
[00:23:28] The Schverers didn't plan to live on a boat for 25
[00:23:32] years, now with children, every
[00:23:35] family member has their role. Alegra
[00:23:38] and Noe raise the sails, today they are sailing
[00:23:41] towards the nearby
[00:23:42] fjords.
[00:23:45] Andri is steering the boat, he is 19 years old and the second
[00:23:49] oldest. Vitaly is the youngest, he is
[00:23:53] seven years old, the family has sailed about
[00:23:55] 260,000 km so far. The children only go
[00:23:59] to school when their parents have work on land, on the boat they
[00:24:03] are homeschooled, this is allowed in many Swiss
[00:24:07] cantons. Do they miss their school
[00:24:09] friends? Yes, I miss my
[00:24:13] friends. It's hard to constantly say goodbye, but on the other
[00:24:16] hand, you can sail and meet many
[00:24:20] friends.
[00:24:21] Collecting plastic from the sea
[00:24:25] is also part of their education. So far, they have pulled
[00:24:28] a total of 85,000 kg
[00:24:31] of waste from the ocean.
[00:24:35] The question is, how much longer do they plan to sail? It
[00:24:39] is my passion, so it is logical to do something for the children of this
[00:24:42] planet, for the next generation. Currently,
[00:24:45] I have no idea what better I could do.
[00:24:59] And with this inspiring report, we come to the end of the show. For
[00:25:03] more positive stories from across Europe, follow us on
[00:25:06] social media. Thanks for being with us, see you
[00:25:09] next
[00:25:10] time.
[00:25:36] Cleaning, laundry, ironing, there's a lot I'd
[00:25:40] rather do, so what if a robot did it for me? The demos certainly
[00:25:44] look promising. Other robots are being designed as companions to help
[00:25:48] people feel less lonely and offer
[00:25:50] support, but how much of that is wishful thinking and how much is ready for the
[00:25:54] real world? Humanoid robots - a reality
[00:25:57] check.
[00:26:00] In slick promo videos, humanoid robots look poised to become the
[00:26:04] ultimate household helpers and investors are betting big on them.
[00:26:07] Goldman Sachs estimates that the global market for humanoid robots could hit
[00:26:11] $38 billion dollars by 2035. Some analysts
[00:26:15] are even forecasting a market worth hundreds of billions of dollars by
[00:26:18] 2040. Startups, tech giants and carmakers are racing
[00:26:22] to cash in. But let's be real. How close are we
[00:26:25] to robots that can clean your home on their own? A
[00:26:29] slightly awkward moment at the White House. US First Lady Melania
[00:26:32] Trump walks alongside a humanoid household robot at a technology
[00:26:36] summit. I'm figure three, a humanoid built
[00:26:40] in the United States of America. So are
[00:26:43] humanoid robots finally ready for household use? While
[00:26:46] walking a few meters and delivering a scripted line is one
[00:26:49] thing. Managing the unpredictable chaos of
[00:26:53] a real household is something entirely
[00:26:55] else. Rodney Brooks knows just how hard that
[00:26:59] is. The former MIT professor is one of the best known
[00:27:02] experts in robotics. He has spent decades building robots and
[00:27:06] co-founded iRobot, the company behind Roomba, one of the few
[00:27:09] robots to actually make it into millions of
[00:27:11] homes.
[00:27:15] Brooks has a name for many of the humanoid robot demos we see today. "There's
[00:27:19] something going on that I call humanoid theater where people are
[00:27:22] making videos, they're all the humanoids,
[00:27:25] you'll notice they're mostly black and white, and the background is black and white, it looks
[00:27:29] very clean, but in real life, nothing's
[00:27:33] that." Unlike factories, private homes aren't standardized environments,
[00:27:37] they're constantly changing, full of obstacles, clutter and
[00:27:40] unpredictability. And with children or pets around,
[00:27:44] safety becomes a major challenge. "If you have a
[00:27:47] full-size humanoid robot, it has eight times the kinetic energy
[00:27:51] that the little demo robots that you see at trade
[00:27:55] shows are, and the demo robots at trade shows don't actually do anything, their
[00:27:58] hands are not functional, just sort of dancing around, but they can't
[00:28:02] balance, but when you've got double the physical height and
[00:28:06] eight times the energy, they are just too dangerous for people to be
[00:28:10] with them. But even if humanoids learn to move safely around
[00:28:14] us, there's another big challenge: using their hands the way
[00:28:17] we do. We do things like this all the
[00:28:21] time. We can adjust things, we can use multiple things
[00:28:24] in our hand. Our hands have thousands of touch-sensitive
[00:28:28] nerve fibers constantly telling us what we are holding and how it
[00:28:31] behaves. So when we pick up a glass, we feel its weight, instinctively
[00:28:35] adjust our grip if it starts to slip, and know exactly when to let
[00:28:38] go when we put it down. Robots
[00:28:41] don't have anything close to the sense of touch, and Brooks says you
[00:28:45] can actually spot the difference in some demos
[00:28:47] and
[00:28:49] then when you watch carefully, when it puts the dishes down in the
[00:28:53] kitchen, it drops them from just above because they don't have any force
[00:28:56] sensing. And we, when we put something down, we feel the
[00:28:59] force, and that's when we know what's being done. They have done it
[00:29:03] from vision, and then it's getting close and they drop it.
[00:29:06] And these problems are not new. So
[00:29:09] why all the hype about humanoid robots now? The success of
[00:29:13] ChatGPT and other AI models has raised hopes that humanoid
[00:29:16] robots could now have their own breakthrough moment. But the kind of physical
[00:29:20] intelligence robots need is very different from what large language models can
[00:29:24] do. According to Brooks, AI still struggles to understand the
[00:29:28] physical world and reliably predict the consequences of
[00:29:31] its actions.
[00:29:34] "Even the most advanced humanoid robots still struggle with something as
[00:29:38] seemingly simple as folding laundry on their own. But in demo videos,
[00:29:42] we see our robot friends mixing drinks, folding clothes and loading
[00:29:45] dishwashers with ease. So what's going
[00:29:48] on? Well, they have a little
[00:29:51] secret. For about $20,000,
[00:29:55] you can pre-order Neo, a friendly-looking robot fellow that's expected
[00:29:58] to ship to US customers in 2026. Its maker,
[00:30:02] 1X, calls it the world's first consumer-ready humanoid
[00:30:05] robot, and its promised abilities sound familiar:
[00:30:09] cleaning, organizing, folding laundry, holding
[00:30:11] conversations, and so forth. But there
[00:30:15] is a crucial detail: Neo is not fully
[00:30:18] autonomous. For many tasks, it has to be controlled
[00:30:21] remotely by a human wearing a VR headset. And Neo is
[00:30:25] not the only robot relying on teleoperation. Many robot
[00:30:28] demonstrations create the impression of full autonomy. I was...
[00:30:32] was a, uh, technology, um,
[00:30:35] gathering and there was a robot, humanoid robot making
[00:30:38] drinks, and everyone was excited. And there was a waitress standing by
[00:30:42] the side, and she was just, and I
[00:30:45] went up, I said, 'It's teleoperated,' and she knew what
[00:30:48] teleoperation meant. And, 'Oh, it's teleoperated.' And
[00:30:52] she just went on her way. So it's, it's sort
[00:30:55] of designed to trick you because it's this idea
[00:30:59] of fake it until you make it, and