N1HRV — broadcast
20261102 220000 UTC
401 transcript segments
Google Cloud Speech-to-Text API (Chirp) + Gemini 2.5 Flash Non-Thinking
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[00:00:04] in this supermarket, Yuval can get everything he needs from kosher
[00:00:07] food. The word kosher in Hebrew means correct, it means that the food
[00:00:11] is prepared according to religious rules. Rules about
[00:00:14] Kosher diet are described in the Torah, the holy book of
[00:00:17] Judaism. For example, pork is forbidden. In Berlin,
[00:00:20] there are about 35,000 Jews. Many who wear a kippah
[00:00:24] cover it in public. Since October 7, 23,
[00:00:27] anti-Semitism is on the rise worldwide. In Germany, too, but
[00:00:31] Yuval has always covered his kippah. In
[00:00:34] public, I wear a hat over my kippah because I don't want it to be seen that I'm
[00:00:37] wearing it. There have been many anti-Semitic incidents and that
[00:00:41] poses a certain risk. I myself have had several such
[00:00:45] experiences. So, I do it for security
[00:00:48] reasons. I feel more comfortable when people can't immediately
[00:00:51] see that I am Jewish. That I am
[00:00:55] Jewish.
[00:01:00] For Shabbat, he prepares traditional pita bread,
[00:01:03] although most Jews make challah, using
[00:01:06] flour, sugar, salt, yeast, water, and several secret
[00:01:10] ingredients.
[00:01:13] It's a family recipe, so I can't
[00:01:15] reveal it.
[00:01:18] Not all Jews strictly adhere to kosher rules,
[00:01:21] but for Yuval, it's important to respect them. That's how he grew up, and
[00:01:25] it reminds him to live
[00:01:26] more consciously.
[00:01:29] For me, being Jewish means adhering to the fundamental principles
[00:01:33] of Judaism, for example, treating everyone with
[00:01:36] respect, but it also means being part of
[00:01:39] a community.
[00:01:46] It's safe to say that Yuval is a true master of pita bread.
[00:01:50] Throwing the dough in the air helps him to spread it evenly and make it
[00:01:53] airy. He prepares a larger quantity for families on the eve of Shabbat, because
[00:01:57] cooking is forbidden on that day, and this bread can last for several days. Shabbat
[00:02:01] in Hebrew means rest, it begins at sunset on Friday and
[00:02:05] ends at sunset on Saturday. Before eating
[00:02:08] hummus, Yuval blesses the bread and thanks
[00:02:11] God.
[00:02:17] Delicious. Berlin has over 750
[00:02:21] years of Jewish history, but it was also the scene of horrific
[00:02:24] crimes. About 12,000 embedded
[00:02:27] plates, known as Stolperstein or stumbling
[00:02:30] stones, mark the last known addresses of victims, a sign of
[00:02:34] remembrance for those who were persecuted and killed by the Nazis. For a Jew,
[00:02:38] Berlin is a unique city. For me, being Jewish in Berlin means
[00:02:43] And now the question on everyone's living in one of the largest Jewish communities in Germany,
[00:02:47] practice our faith and live in accordance with our
[00:02:50] beliefs. Of course, history is still visible in many
[00:02:53] places, like what happened during
[00:02:56] the Holocaust, not only to Jews, but to all other victims.
[00:03:00] what happened in the Holocaust,
[00:03:03] Um, so all of not only to Jewish people, but generally to the victims of the Holocaust.
[00:03:06] This is a constant reminder, yet
[00:03:10] it is nice to see that the victims are not
[00:03:11] forgotten.
[00:03:16] At home, Yuval meets with his friend Noam to read
[00:03:20] the Torah, or more precisely, to
[00:03:21] sing.
[00:03:28] How often do you pray?
[00:03:31] In Judaism, there are usually three prayers during
[00:03:34] the day: one in the morning, one at noon or in the afternoon, and one
[00:03:38] in the evening. For me, it is especially important during
[00:03:41] Shabbat. Then we also have a fourth additional prayer, so
[00:03:44] we usually go to
[00:03:45] synagogue.
[00:03:49] Whenever he can, Yuval meets friends in the evening to play
[00:03:52] soccer. He has friends of different faiths and beliefs,
[00:03:56] but when it comes to finding a partner, does she have to be Jewish?
[00:04:03] One could say that it is desirable to have a Jewish
[00:04:06] partner. For me, this is very important, especially because
[00:04:10] Judaism is passed down through the mother. I want my children
[00:04:13] to grow up as Jews and be raised according to
[00:04:16] the woman and it is personally important to me that my children
[00:04:20] also grow up Jewish, grow up with the
[00:04:23] traditions and are also raised that way. It is also important
[00:04:26] for Yuval to live within the Jewish community.
[00:04:32] That was my day, I had a great time and I hope you liked what you saw,
[00:04:35] enjoy the rest of your day,
[00:04:43] the most famous wines in the world, but climate
[00:04:47] change is affecting this region, and more
[00:04:49] importantly, the wine.
[00:04:52] Bordeaux is located in the southwest of France, not far from
[00:04:56] the Atlantic Ocean. For centuries, this city has served
[00:04:59] as a gateway for wines from this
[00:05:03] region. While I was studying, I lived
[00:05:06] a roller in Bordeaux for a while, so coming back to it means a lot to me. Back then, I was constantly crossing
[00:05:10] the Garonne.
[00:05:12] But I never thought that this very river
[00:05:16] was responsible for the fame of Bordeaux wines. The Garonne River is
[00:05:19] the cradle of Bordeaux wine trade. Wine
[00:05:23] has been shipped from here since the Middle
[00:05:25] Ages.
[00:05:28] If you really want to understand the world of wine,
[00:05:31] visit the Cite du Vin. This building is
[00:05:34] one of the most impressive landmarks of the city, and its
[00:05:38] architecture resembles the swirling of wine in
[00:05:41] a glass. The museum presents everything related to the culture
[00:05:44] and history of wine, not only in Bordeaux, but all over
[00:05:48] the world. Almost everything in the exhibition is interactive and
[00:05:51] interesting.
[00:05:54] My favorite part is the five senses buffet. Have you ever
[00:05:57] wondered how wine lovers always manage to detect
[00:06:01] certain smells and tastes that no one else notices?
[00:06:05] Here you can train your
[00:06:07] senses.
[00:06:13] Saint-Émilion is located about 40 km
[00:06:17] east of Bordeaux. The city and the surrounding vineyards are listed as a
[00:06:21] UNESCO World Heritage site and represent one of
[00:06:24] the most famous wine regions in France. In its
[00:06:27] center is a monolithic church carved into the limestone
[00:06:31] rock. In the 12th century, Benedictine
[00:06:34] monks founded a monastery here and helped
[00:06:37] develop the now famous vineyards. This is one of
[00:06:40] the most beautiful places one can visit in Bordeaux, but I'm not
[00:06:44] here just for the postcard-perfect views, I want to see
[00:06:48] what's happening in the vineyards, because the consequences
[00:06:51] of climate change are most clearly visible here. I'm participating
[00:06:55] in an electric bike tour organized by Rustic
[00:06:58] Aweems. It's a more active, environmentally friendly option than
[00:07:02] driving a car, and the route takes us straight through
[00:07:05] the vineyards. The landscape we are passing through is increasingly
[00:07:08] affected by climate change. Hotter summers and
[00:07:11] unpredictable rainfall disrupt the usual schedule of work
[00:07:15] in the vineyards. Here are the young grape clusters of this year's
[00:07:19] harvest. What you see is quite unusual, because at this
[00:07:22] time of year, the grapes should not be this developed. Now they are
[00:07:26] already very advanced, which means that for the first time in
[00:07:29] history, the harvest could take place in August, not in September, as is
[00:07:33] usual. If you don't have time for Saint-Émilion
[00:07:36] or the wine tour is too expensive, here's a
[00:07:40] tip: stop by Maison du Vin in the very
[00:07:43] center of Bordeaux. Here you can taste different wines for
[00:07:46] only 2.5 euros per glass. Stephanie Cinoco
[00:07:50] from the Bordeaux Supérieur winemakers' association
[00:07:54] is working on strategies that would help producers to adapt
[00:07:57] wine production to climate change. If
[00:08:00] temperatures rise by a few more degrees, some grape varieties
[00:08:03] like Merlot or Cabernet could
[00:08:06] overripen. More sunshine means a higher percentage
[00:08:10] of alcohol in the wine. At the same time...
[00:08:12] Consumers are increasingly looking for wines with less alcohol, so
[00:08:16] we are thinking about how to adapt both grape varieties and at the same time
[00:08:19] preserve what is characteristic of Bordeaux
[00:08:23] wines. And when you cross the Garonne, a different
[00:08:26] creative side of Bordeaux awaits you, and the cultural center Darwin
[00:08:30] ecosystem, located in a former barracks, where there are skate
[00:08:34] parks, street art galleries, a co-working
[00:08:37] space, vintage clothing stores, and much
[00:08:40] more. This was one of my favorite places when I was
[00:08:44] studying. It is still one of the best places to get to know the younger
[00:08:47] and more alternative side of the city. The complex
[00:08:51] also has a wine project I've never seen before, La Micro
[00:08:55] Winery. Owners here produce small quantities of wine
[00:08:58] practically in the city itself, using sustainable
[00:09:01] methods. In their workshops, you can make
[00:09:05] your own wine blend and take a bottle
[00:09:08] home. The experience costs about 80 euros.
[00:09:14] And now let's go to the other side of the Garonne to the Chartrons
[00:09:17] district. Along the quays and in the surrounding
[00:09:20] streets, négociants used to operate,
[00:09:24] wine merchants who bought, stored,
[00:09:27] blended wines, and then shipped them around the world. This
[00:09:30] area was long considered neglected, but in recent
[00:09:34] years it has transformed into a modern
[00:09:36] district.
[00:09:42] I rediscovered a completely different side of Bordeaux.
[00:09:46] Climate change affects vineyards, but also the wines
[00:09:49] people want to drink. If you had only
[00:09:52] one day in Bordeaux, where
[00:14:39] overtourism. The local population faces
[00:14:43] a lack of housing and increasingly poor
[00:14:47] infrastructure. What are the possible solutions? Gran
[00:14:50] Canaria is one of the most popular Canary
[00:14:53] Islands. Sun, beaches, and sea attract mostly tourists
[00:14:57] from colder parts of Northern Europe year after year. In July
[00:15:00] 2025, the island
[00:15:03] broke a record, hosting a million tourists in just
[00:15:07] one month, which is more than the total population of the island.
[00:15:11] Tourism is important for the economy of Gran Canaria, but the local
[00:15:14] population is increasingly protesting. What has
[00:15:18] been done to solve this problem? Besides bringing us
[00:15:21] income, tourism is also
[00:15:46] lives in Las Palmas, he is a member of the activist network Derejo
[00:15:50] Alteho or the right to a roof over one's head. A large
[00:15:54] number of tourists has led to an increase in the number of holiday
[00:15:57] apartments and a lack of affordable housing for the local
[00:16:00] population.
[00:16:05] Tourism is the only real source of wealth in the Canary Islands, so
[00:16:08] we are somehow forced to accept everything it brings with
[00:16:12] it. This means minimal earnings, expensive housing, and an already
[00:16:16] overloaded
[00:16:17] environment.
[00:16:21] Even in the quiet district of La Isleta, where mostly
[00:16:24] locals live, and where Jonathan's family is from, it seems
[00:16:28] that tourists are increasingly taking up space.
[00:16:32] Here's another example of these new extremes. An old garage
[00:16:35] has been converted into an apartment that costs around 1100
[00:16:39] euros per month, a garage.
[00:16:43] Politicians do not see this situation as particularly
[00:16:46] serious. Authorities say they are aware of the problem and are
[00:16:49] keeping the situation under control.
[00:16:52] It is true that in more tourist areas, the situation
[00:16:56] is becoming more complicated, so complicated that even
[00:16:59] workers in the tourism sector have difficulty finding housing. But
[00:17:03] I am convinced that the tourism industry is not the problem, but
[00:17:06] part of the solution.
[00:17:09] In a bold move, the Spanish government removed around
[00:17:13] 86,000
[00:17:15] illegal holiday apartments across the country from online
[00:17:19] platforms, of which almost 14,000 were in Gran Canaria.
[00:17:23] Many of these illegal properties are now rented by the room. And when we asked
[00:17:26] the government of the Canary Islands not to issue new permits
[00:17:30] for tourist rentals of apartments, it once again
[00:17:33] showed that it has no real intention of controlling the current number
[00:17:36] of tourists.
[00:17:46] In the northwest of the island, local authorities have also started
[00:17:50] to address the problems caused by overtourism. In
[00:17:53] the municipality of Agaete, in 2025,
[00:17:57] new rules for beaches and promenades came into
[00:18:00] force. Smoking, the use of electronic
[00:18:04] cigarettes, as well as loud music, grilling
[00:18:08] in public areas, and collecting stones or
[00:18:11] shells are prohibited. Violations are subject to fines of up to
[00:18:14] 3,000 euros. Ecotourism in Gran Canaria offers
[00:18:17] another alternative. The organic farm Redondo de
[00:18:21] Guayra is located not far from Agaete
[00:18:24] in the heart of the Biosphere Reserve. This farm
[00:18:28] can accommodate a maximum of 50 guests. Overtourism is not
[00:18:31] a problem here. However, such peace comes
[00:18:35] at a price. A couple with a child pays around 300 euros per
[00:18:39] night. The resort manager Alvaro STV
[00:18:43] believes that the future of tourism is only secure if it becomes
[00:18:46] more sustainable. Ultimately, for this kind of tourism to continue
[00:18:50] and be sustainable, we need travelers who appreciate accommodation
[00:18:54] that is more aligned with the local environment and principles
[00:18:57] of sustainability, who are willing to pay more, because such
[00:19:00] an approach implies additional
[00:19:02] costs.
[00:19:09] The tension between economic benefits and sustainability still
[00:19:13] presents a challenge. Nevertheless, Gran Canaria, with all its diversity,
[00:19:16] represents a true holiday paradise.
[00:19:30] Jenna left the United States and moved
[00:19:34] to Lisbon, the capital of Portugal. The main reason was
[00:19:38] Donald Trump and the political climate in America. And now we will
[00:19:42] see how she adapted. I am
[00:19:44] Genene, I'm from New York, I grew up in Atlanta, and last
[00:19:47] year my husband and I moved to Lisbon, mainly
[00:19:51] because of Trump. This morning, Genene goes grocery shopping. For
[00:19:55] her, it represents a daily challenge. Namely, Lisbon's
[00:19:58] supermarkets are very different from those in the United
[00:20:02] States. In terms of size, options, and
[00:20:05] of course, products.
[00:20:07] there are a lot of American products, but the ingredients are different, they probably
[00:20:11] removed what is not regulated by EU
[00:20:14] regulations, that's a lot of things, many products here have a health rating,
[00:20:18] while in the United States it doesn't matter
[00:20:21] at all. Jenee is happy about that, but
[00:20:25] her problem with shopping is actually the slower
[00:20:28] pace. At first I was quite
[00:20:32] upset, I was very, very frustrated. I had that drive in me,
[00:20:35] go, go. I wondered, why does it take so
[00:20:39] long? However, for her, a big plus is that food here is cheaper than
[00:20:43] in the United States. However, what is
[00:20:46] expensive is real estate, especially considering
[00:20:50] local incomes. Lisbon is the most unaffordable city in
[00:20:54] Europe. Renting an apartment of 10 square meters
[00:20:58] costs around 1600 euros, which is slightly less than
[00:21:01] $2. Genene and her husband work
[00:21:04] remotely. She is studying, so they are currently living off his
[00:21:07] income. My husband and I are
[00:21:10] African Americans. Due to the increasing police brutality, especially after
[00:21:13] 2020 when violence against
[00:21:17] unarmed Black people sharply increased, and because of Trump's
[00:21:20] cooperation with police unions who work to exempt police
[00:21:24] from accountability for such crimes,
[00:21:27] I felt like a second-class citizen, as if my life
[00:21:30] wasn't worth much. This was filmed when we first came
[00:21:45] to Portugal. Then we realized that
[00:21:49] she had never thought that she would
[00:21:53] leave the United States, so the move was really
[00:21:57] difficult for her.
[00:21:59] I always thought that the United
[00:22:01] States would be my home, that I would settle there.
[00:22:05] However, that is no longer the case.
[00:22:08] Genene is getting ready for a Pilates class in
[00:22:12] Portuguese. Although she still doesn't speak the language well,
[00:22:15] for now she uses apps and tries to
[00:22:19] be in contact with Portuguese as much as possible in everyday life.
[00:22:34] Since her language skills are still very limited, Jenna decided
[00:22:38] to take a course
[00:22:39] soon.
[00:22:46] But for now, she still often speaks English.
[00:22:51] For Genene, Lisbon is the right place. Now her priority is to
[00:22:55] improve her Portuguese and make more local
[00:22:58] friends. Staying in Lisbon brings peace and
[00:23:01] tranquility. Since I've been here, it's like a weight has been lifted
[00:23:05] off my chest, I feel
[00:23:06] relieved.
[00:24:47] Yeah, absolutely. I think... it is huge, it's it makes a big difference for the family to know that this has being
[00:24:51] taken seriously at that level, but what we need to see
[00:24:54] is uh willingness uh from him to put his full political weight behind
[00:24:58] it. now i'm not going to go in there and start demanding things because he has been
[00:25:01] championing my parents and he's done so publicly a couple of
[00:25:05] times um but what i need to see is him to embody this you know take
[00:25:08] this on personally um and ultimately get the results that we're looking for right
[00:25:12] which are quite simple it's arbitrary detention uh which leads on quite
[00:25:15] nicely to diplomatic protection we've seen these been
[00:25:19] utilized and these tools been used before um and we
[00:25:22] know they make a difference so it's a case of let's get some concrete answers
[00:25:26] if it's not you're not going to call it arb trenton why not we need those
[00:25:29] answers um you're willing to call it unjustifiable and
[00:25:33] appalling we needed to go a step further because then it becomes a state to
[00:25:37] state problem and i think that's where it needs to be doing last time we spoke you weren't
[00:25:41] really talking to your mom and craig very much but you've had few phone calls over recent weeks they
[00:25:45] know that you have this meeting with ed today and they they got to message that they want you to
[00:25:49] deliver on their behalf yeah - i say gratefully i managed to speak to my mom
[00:25:52] now three times in
[00:25:56] monday um means the world to us means the world to me
[00:25:59] means the world to her but "they know I'm here, they knew I was here last week, um,
[00:26:03] they understand to an extent what the campaign is trying to
[00:26:06] achieve and what we're trying to do, obviously they can't see the full thing, um,
[00:26:10] but their message, and it's the same as what we've been saying is, we we need courage
[00:26:14] from Ed Miller Band for him to call a spade a spade, everybody knows that
[00:26:17] my parents are hostages, um, so we need him to take action and they want it too. All right,
[00:26:21] well listen, Joe, good luck in there, we'll talk to you when you come out to to
[00:26:25] find out what happened in that meeting, but we'll let you go, meet your legal team and go in, thank
[00:26:29] you. hello, hello, how's it
[00:26:41] going? um,
[00:26:44] uh, they always come out of those frustrated, right? i think the points
[00:26:48] that we try to make resonated with him, we're not going to get any decisive action
[00:26:52] today, um,
[00:26:54] so frustration is the one word i'd use to sum it up, because
[00:26:58] we everything that we do, they're is valid
[00:27:02] points, the everybody in the room knows it's arbitrary
[00:27:05] detention and that was said openly, that was your key
[00:27:08] ask, wasn't it, that your mom and craig's
[00:27:11] attention was described as arbitrary by the foreign
[00:27:14] secretary, by the government,
[00:27:17] was there a promise in that room that that would
[00:27:21] happen? not a
[00:27:24] promise that it would happen, a promise that it's not off the table, at the core
[00:27:28] of this, my mom and Craig have asked for the government to recognize it for
[00:27:32] what it is. is um the
[00:27:34] argument from the government is that it puts them at risk, and again I come
[00:27:38] back and say, well, doing nothing or seemingly doing nothing and
[00:27:41] potentially leaving them in what could be another war zone is also a risk. So
[00:27:45] you have to balance this, right? Um, and I think that's where
[00:27:49] again, I'll go back to the word frustrating, is because we
[00:27:52] want unity and we want solidarity with the government and ultimately we want to work
[00:27:56] with them, but it still feels as though we're
[00:27:58] battling. Um, and that's not useful at all
[00:28:02] and it makes it difficult for when I speak to my mom
[00:28:06] and Craig, it makes it difficult then to try and relay something positive to them.
[00:28:10] It's worth reminding people why you want the term arbitrary
[00:28:14] used. First and foremost, because it's factual, right? Um,
[00:28:17] secondly, it elevates this, I believe, from a consular
[00:28:21] case and a welfare case in that we need to make sure they're okay, which is
[00:28:25] absolutely imperative, we do need to make sure you're okay. But
[00:28:28] arbitrary detention elevates this to a state-to-state
[00:28:32] level. "It also, I would, I believe, it's my opinion, that
[00:28:36] in them doing so, it would give a signal of intent
[00:28:39] to the Iranians that, okay, the British are taking this
[00:28:42] seriously. And furthermore, you, I speak to people on a
[00:28:46] day-to-day basis, there are some people who don't know about the situation. There are people who have
[00:28:50] their opinions. Um, and there are also people who probably think they are
[00:28:53] spies, right? But I think if the government come out and defend them and say
[00:28:57] this is arbitrary detention, they're hostages, that sort of eliminates that
[00:29:00] argument, and I think it gets a lot of people. The fence.
[00:29:05] these points we made in the meeting and the legal team are really, really good at
[00:29:09] highlighting the legalities. But I go back,
[00:29:11] it is, this is a wish of my mom and Craig, and these are the people who are experiencing the
[00:29:15] worst thing that could happen to somebody, um, and being
[00:29:19] detained in Iran. So they have to take that seriously. And you've seen the
[00:29:22] difference it can make, because I know that you're in touch with Nazanin Sakari
[00:29:26] Ratcliffe and her husband Richard Ratcliffe, and the term
[00:29:30] arbitrary was used by the UK government in her case, and you've heard firsthand from them
[00:29:34] the difference it made. I mean, obviously, she was
[00:29:37] eventually released, but when she was held in the same prison as your mom
[00:29:41] and Craig, the fact that she was referred to by that
[00:29:45] term helped her. Yeah, and you
[00:29:47] know, I, I, I thank Richard and Nazanin and Anoosheh, um,
[00:29:51] for, for, for being so supportive and welcoming and, and having conversations with us because it helps
[00:29:55] massively. Um, firstly, it shows that there is a happy
[00:29:58] ending. Um, but ultimately, the difference that
[00:30:01] it made to Nazanin. She said it was an improvement when, um, Jeremy
[00:30:05] Hunt did the diplomatic protection for Nazanin,
[00:30:08] her circumstances improved drastically. Um,
[00:30:12] it took a lot of courage for Jeremy to do that at the time. Like, it would take Ed
[00:30:16] a lot of courage to do the right thing here. But I think, as I
[00:30:19] say, the case was compelling enough, not that it needed any further explanation because it
[00:30:23] is a compelling case anyway, but I think we made the point very,
[00:30:27] very wholeheartedly, really. You know, ultimately, I'm, I'm
[00:30:31] home. That's the bottom. live: You've had a busy couple of weeks here in Westminster. You were
[00:30:34] here just last week for, for PMQs where a question was
[00:30:38] asked of the Prime Minister about Nazanin and Craig's case,
[00:30:42] and the Prime Minister responded to that question saying, "I agree that Nazanin and Craig's
[00:30:45] sentence is appalling and unjustifiable. We will continue to
[00:30:49] pursue the case relentlessly until they are
[00:30:53] safely returned
[00:30:55] home." The Foreign Office have also always
[00:30:59] said that health and...