N1SRP — broadcast
20261012 043000 UTC
384 transcript segments
Google Cloud Speech-to-Text API (Chirp) + Gemini 2.5 Flash Non-Thinking
Data courtesy of The GDELT Project (https://www.gdeltproject.org/), from the Internet Archive TV News Archive.
Machine transcription. Treat it as a searchable index of what was broadcast, not a verbatim quotation record.

[00:00:01] has ensured that these seventh century skeletons have been well
[00:00:04] preserved. So far, 70 graves have been
[00:00:08] discovered. The Bavarii were Christians and so
[00:00:11] were buried facing east. But what can we learn from the bones
[00:00:15] themselves?
[00:00:19] What we can say so far is that this is probably a female
[00:00:22] burial. Among the grave goods, we see a
[00:00:26] belt buckle which is well preserved.
[00:00:30] And here on the thigh, there was also a small
[00:00:32] knife.
[00:00:35] We've seen that in several other female burials as well. A small knife
[00:00:39] lying on the side.
[00:00:42] Judging by the grave goods, the Bavarii from Bachhagel were well-to-
[00:00:46] do people. Many were buried with swords. Women
[00:00:49] often wore valuable jewelry. Each grave
[00:00:52] find is documented with a hand- drawn
[00:00:55] sketch.
[00:00:59] The bones also indicate that these people were well-
[00:01:01] nourished.
[00:01:04] Some of them were surprisingly tall, nearly 1 meter
[00:01:07] 80, though most were a bit
[00:01:09] shorter.
[00:01:14] The average height for the women is around 1.60, sometimes slightly
[00:01:18] less, sometimes slightly more, while for men it's about 10
[00:01:21] centimeters taller, so 170,
[00:01:23] 172. The artifacts offer a unique
[00:01:27] glimpse into the past, to when the tribal duchy of Bavaria had
[00:01:31] just been formed. All of the artifacts are being carefully
[00:01:34] examined by the State Office for the Preservation of Historical
[00:01:37] Monuments, including this brooch.
[00:01:41] It's always fascinating to see the exquisite craftsmanship with which
[00:01:44] the artisans of that era, the goldsmiths and silversmiths
[00:01:47] produced these objects. They didn't have glasses or magnifying
[00:01:51] glasses, and yet these are truly exquisite, beautiful pieces of
[00:01:55] jewelry.
[00:01:59] solution, invisible on
[00:02:02] History comes to life, and I find it fascinating that the longer you look at these
[00:02:06] artifacts, the more you can glean from them about the jewelry or how they were
[00:02:10] dressed. We forge a connection to our own
[00:02:13] ancestors, to our past, and start to
[00:02:16] understand that they weren't all that different to
[00:02:19] us.
[00:02:22] Even then, the people here were connected to the whole world. That's
[00:02:26] clear from the jewelry found in the graves.
[00:02:30] The white stones in the brooch likely came from
[00:02:33] India, but where was the brooch
[00:02:35] made?
[00:02:39] I'd suggest that it doesn't come from a workshop here in Bavaria, but more
[00:02:42] likely further west. We know for instance that the lady was dressed
[00:02:46] according to the fashion of the time, and this basic
[00:02:49] pattern follows what we might call a French style, which was prevalent in
[00:02:53] Paris around
[00:02:54] 600.
[00:02:57] It was a cosmopolitan population. Settled
[00:03:01] here after the fall of the Roman Empire, a wide variety
[00:03:04] of ethnic groups had intermingled, including
[00:03:07] Romans, Celts, Germanic tribes and
[00:03:09] Goths.
[00:03:12] Eventually, this people came to be known as the
[00:03:14] Bavarians and the region where they lived,
[00:03:18] Bavaria.
[00:03:23] Bavaria was, just like today, a key region from which the Alps
[00:03:27] could be crossed, and that's why it had to be secured. Including.
[00:04:00] are proud of the discoveries made here. They
[00:04:04] now know that Bachhagel was settled far earlier than was
[00:04:07] previously
[00:04:08] believed.
[00:04:12] We were first mentioned in historical records in 793
[00:04:16] AD, and if you look at the archaeological finds, we're actually
[00:04:19] a quick and quality solution is in much older than
[00:04:20] that.
[00:04:24] The archaeologists don't intend to excavate the entire four
[00:04:28] hectare site.
[00:04:31] Much of it is to be left alone in order to preserve the relics
[00:04:35] beneath for future
[00:04:37] moon. A generations.
[00:04:40] The longer the artifacts remain in the ground, the better for
[00:04:43] research. My own curiosity has certainly been
[00:04:46] satisfied by what we have already found, but my successors
[00:04:49] may want to know much more, so we need to take a long-term view on it
[00:04:53] all. Hardly any other
[00:04:56] archaeological site tells us so much about the people who lived,
[00:05:00] worked and traded in Bavaria 1,400
[00:05:03] years ago, the ancestors of the people we
[00:05:06] today call
[00:05:07] Bavarians.
[00:05:18] Do you have a science question? Then send
[00:05:21] it to us as a video, text or voice message.
[00:05:25] If we answer it on the show, then we'll send you a little gift as a thank
[00:05:28] you. So just
[00:05:30] ask:
[00:05:33] Is there water on the moon?
[00:05:36] At first glance, the moon looks a bit like a desert, and for a long
[00:05:40] time scientists were sure there was no water on
[00:05:43] it. Now though, we know that there is,
[00:05:47] but where is it? And could we use
[00:05:49] it?
[00:05:52] Most of the moon's water is found at its south
[00:05:55] pole. Many craters there have no access to
[00:05:58] sunlight, and, says NASA, are some of the coldest
[00:06:02] parts of the entire solar system. The water here
[00:06:05] is permanent ice. Some has been frozen for 3.5
[00:06:09] billion years. Temperatures are as low as -240
[00:06:12] degrees Celsius. The LRO lunar orbiter
[00:06:16] revealed that there is ice lying just below the surface here,
[00:06:20] either as solid deposits or mixed with lunar dust, and
[00:06:23] there's a lot of it. Estimates suggest hundreds of millions
[00:06:27] of metric tons.
[00:06:30] There's also water in moon dust, what's known as lunar
[00:06:34] regolith. NASA's LADEE mission showed that
[00:06:37] when rocks from space strike the moon's
[00:06:40] surface,
[00:06:42] they kick up not only dust, but also traces of water, even in
[00:06:46] areas subject to sunlight.
[00:06:49] And they are traces. The Sahara Desert contains around
[00:06:52] 100 times more water than lunar
[00:06:54] dust.
[00:06:59] Can we access it? That's something for future lunar
[00:07:02] missions to find out. Either way, it
[00:07:05] won't be easy to extract. Temperatures
[00:07:08] are very low, the terrain is difficult, and it'll take a lot
[00:07:12] of tech.
[00:07:15] Water access will be crucial for future lunar
[00:07:18] missions. It could be treated and turned into drinking
[00:07:21] water, or broken down into its
[00:07:25] components, hydrogen and oxygen, using
[00:07:28] electrolysis.
[00:07:30] These could be used for breathing or for rocket
[00:07:33] fuel.
[00:07:35] Until then, however, astronauts will still have to bring their water with
[00:07:39] them from Earth.
[00:07:47] Space exploration is all the rage among Gen Z-ers.
[00:07:51] That's because it boasts more opportunities than ever
[00:07:54] before. SpaceX and Blue Origin, as well as numerous
[00:07:57] satellite startups are stirring things up. It's
[00:08:01] no longer just government agencies that get to explore up
[00:08:04] there. The space industry is
[00:08:08] expanding and attracting
[00:08:11] talent.
[00:08:17] With the help of this simulator, Elias Loiselle is training his mining
[00:08:21] skills. He hopes to one day extract raw materials far
[00:08:24] away on the moon. Loiselle studies space technologies at the
[00:08:28] Freiberg University of Mining and Technology in Eastern Germany and has
[00:08:32] big plans.
[00:08:35] It would be cool to have the opportunity to go to the moon, but on the other hand, it's also
[00:08:39] really cool just to be part of developing all of this and to find
[00:09:12] and robust, like this rover, for example,
[00:09:16] developed by students here at the university. It moves across the
[00:09:20] rugged lunar surface, locating, extracting and transporting raw
[00:09:24] materials. Soon it'll be possible to produce rovers
[00:09:27] like this on the moon
[00:09:28] itself.
[00:09:32] 3D printing is key. We're already able to print entire cars,
[00:09:36] and so we want to use this technology to produce rovers directly on the
[00:09:40] moon using local materials, rather than having
[00:09:43] to transport every single piece of material we need to the
[00:09:49] crewed lunar landing is planned for 2028 as
[00:09:53] part of the Artemis 4 mission. The plan is to
[00:09:56] then build a lunar station up there. It will be too
[00:10:00] expensive to restock this base with deliveries from Earth, so
[00:10:03] astronauts will need to use resources very
[00:10:06] carefully.
[00:10:09] Lunar astronauts will have to breathe the same air over and over, drink
[00:10:13] the same water, eat the same carrots, recycle like
[00:10:17] crazy, and by finding solutions, we're developing
[00:10:19] technologies that are useful on Earth too.
[00:10:23] Data collected by the Artemis 2 mission, which launched in April
[00:10:27] 2026, will be used to prepare for the planned crewed
[00:10:31] lunar landing in
[00:10:32] 2028.
[00:10:37] This is what dwellings on the moon could look
[00:10:40] like.
[00:10:43] Together with the European Space Agency, London-based design
[00:10:46] and architecture firm Hassel has developed a master plan for
[00:10:50] a modular lunar base in which human beings could work and live
[00:10:54] long-term. One big challenge is the lunar
[00:10:57] radiation, so thick walls could be
[00:11:00] essential. But how to build
[00:11:03] them? We're not going to bring our own concrete
[00:11:07] to build shell structures or caves to protect our
[00:11:10] astronauts. We better use local materials, so therefore
[00:11:14] we're going to use regolith, which is lunar dust, to
[00:11:17] create blocks that then what we call tetrapods that
[00:11:21] we can actually interconnect and create these structures, these shell
[00:11:25] structures, cave-like structures under which our
[00:11:28] astronauts can live inside their inflatable
[00:11:31] habitats. It sounds great and the
[00:11:35] model looks impressive too, but what about putting it into
[00:11:39] practice?
[00:11:42] Researcher Moritz Stich is helping to develop the building
[00:11:45] material. Although there are abundant supplies of regolith
[00:11:49] on the moon, direct regolith isn't
[00:11:52] necessarily suitable as building material. Regolith is a
[00:11:56] bit like sand, which means if you melt it, it vitrifies, so it turns to
[00:12:00] glass like sand. An alternative, however, is to sinter
[00:12:03] it. Sintering is similar to firing clay. It doesn't
[00:12:07] completely melt the regolith, but it does make the grains soft enough so that they
[00:12:11] can bond together. And afterwards you end up with a porous,
[00:12:14] solid composite material which could be used to make something like bricks for
[00:12:18] example. Bricks you could then use to build walls
[00:12:21] with. We also use heat-resistant plastics for
[00:12:25] 3D printing and we mix in regolith to boost the overall
[00:12:29] volume. That way, we can achieve a larger volume and so need to take less
[00:12:32] plastic with us for
[00:12:33] printing.
[00:12:36] With a special high-temperature printer, it's even possible to
[00:12:40] process pure regolith. It can be
[00:12:42] used on its own or mixed with plastic. 3D printing
[00:12:46] has great potential for lunar construction
[00:12:48] work. NASA conducted tests with large-
[00:12:52] format printers. One good option is to design lightweight,
[00:12:56] inflatable structures and then clad them in
[00:12:59] regolith.
[00:13:03] And the plan would be to incorporate the assistance of small
[00:13:06] robots. What at first glance looks like a vacuum cleaner, is
[00:13:10] actually a mobile 3D printer. It applies
[00:13:13] regolith layer by layer directly onto the lightweight base
[00:13:16] structure. All this is still just a vision, but this
[00:13:20] or something similar could be what living on the moon looks like one
[00:13:24] day. Humanity is heading off to new realms and
[00:13:28] this exploratory urge drives researchers
[00:13:31] too.
[00:13:35] Ever since I've been working here and regularly seeing the astronauts walking
[00:13:38] around, I find myself thinking, wow, I'm really working on these
[00:13:42] frontiers that we're currently pushing back, and working
[00:13:46] on lunar projects is incredibly inspiring. It fills me with
[00:13:49] enthusiasm, and I'm so grateful to be allowed to be so close to it all.
[00:13:53] It's totally crazy. That is totally
[00:13:56] crazy.
[00:14:00] Imagine it's the year 3000. What would
[00:14:02] archaeologists dig up from our time? Very likely, bits
[00:14:06] of plastic and fragments of synthetic clothing, which are
[00:14:09] already found in dense layers in the ground, thanks to our
[00:14:13] appetite for disposable
[00:14:14] fashion.
[00:14:19] T-shirts emblazoned with the latest designs, bang on
[00:14:22] trend, super short distressed look, hot pants,
[00:14:25] a must- have. The latest fast fashion
[00:14:29] collections will doubtless have a shorter product life
[00:14:32] cycle as
[00:14:33] ever.
[00:14:37] Friederike von Veelparlo works to improve sustainability
[00:14:41] in fashion. She says one hurdle is the disposable
[00:14:44] mindset.
[00:14:47] What actually happens to the things we buy? If we take a look inside a
[00:14:50] typical closet, we see a lot of tags still on the clothes,
[00:14:53] and that means these are all brand new,
[00:14:56] unworn. This phenomenon accounts for about
[00:15:00] 20% of all clothing produced. And on
[00:15:04] top of that, roughly 10 to 30% is never even sold in the
[00:15:07] first place. It's destroyed, burned, disposed of. That
[00:15:11] means more than half of what we produce goes straight into the
[00:15:14] trash unused. That in itself is a massive
[00:15:18] problem.
[00:15:25] Harmless in comparison to online Chinese sellers like
[00:15:28] Shein, which are more about ultra-fast
[00:15:31] fashion.
[00:15:37] Shorter, things need to be replaced more quickly, and consumption
[00:15:41] increases. Ever more products are bought, and as a result the mountain of
[00:15:45] waste generated by this short-lived system continues to
[00:15:48] grow. At the Federal Environment Agency in
[00:15:52] Dessau, Eastern Germany, scientists like Karim Zaidi are
[00:15:55] working on ways to make textiles last longer by
[00:15:59] creating a digital
[00:16:00] profile
[00:16:03] for each garment. Through the digital product passport is obtained.
[00:16:07] A consumer who wants to buy an item of clothing in a store, for
[00:16:10] example, can scan a QR code and will
[00:16:14] directly access a platform where they can retrieve product
[00:16:17] information. There is a whole range of product information
[00:16:21] currently being considered. One
[00:16:23] might be the durability of the fibers used in the
[00:16:26] textiles. In other words, how long-lasting is the
[00:16:29] fiber I'm about to buy? Other product
[00:16:32] information could be the garment's ecological or carbon
[00:16:34] footprint.
[00:16:37] And here's how it works: production origin, material
[00:16:41] mix, recyclability. Just scan the QR code and
[00:16:45] the digital label opens up on your phone, making the garment
[00:16:49] a traceable product with its own individual
[00:16:51] identity.
[00:16:55] We hope that the digital product passport will make products more
[00:16:59] durable, more robust, and easier to repair,
[00:17:02] that the raw
[00:17:05] materials in them can be reused.
[00:17:37] be made in a very simple way, it's just cut, folded over
[00:17:41] once and then sewn along the edge. It
[00:17:44] is possible to do this better.
[00:17:48] Here at Berlin's University of Applied Sciences,
[00:17:51] Elisabeth Epinger investigates the sustainability of
[00:17:54] fibers and textiles by putting them to the test in the
[00:17:57] laboratory.
[00:18:00] Most fast fashion items are not made to
[00:18:02] last. It takes just a few test cycles
[00:18:06] to reveal weaknesses.
[00:19:07] But we barely notice such differences when we shop. We've
[00:19:11] forgotten, says Epinger, how to recognize true
[00:19:14] quality.
[00:19:19] When we look at the textile sector, it's clear that things are getting
[00:19:22] worse.
[00:19:24] And it's not just brands associated with ultra-fast fashion that are doing
[00:19:28] it. We see the same trend in higher price segments as
[00:19:31] well.
[00:19:34] It's far from the case that higher prices mean
[00:19:37] quality, and no matter how much it costs,
[00:19:41] isn't fashion by its very nature
[00:19:43] fleeting.
[00:19:45] Sustainable fashion, like that sold in this Slow Fashion store in
[00:19:49] central Berlin, remains a niche concept, and even if
[00:19:53] consumers are given more information about how a garment is made, will they
[00:19:56] actually use it? And how much does this information influence
[00:20:00] purchasing decisions anyway?
[00:20:04] Oliver McConnell, innovation strategist and fashion expert, has
[00:20:07] his reservations about the digital product
[00:20:10] passport.
[00:20:14] We see the appealing aspects of fast fashion, the trendy styles, the
[00:20:17] instant gratification, and so the question we really need to ask
[00:20:21] is, how do we bring immediate reward to sustainable
[00:20:24] clothing? You could, for example, say that if you
[00:20:28] buy fair fashion, you get climate points, which you could
[00:20:32] then redeem for cheaper electricity or to otherwise
[00:20:35] cut your household budget. A kind of
[00:20:38] payback program where you get immediate reward for
[00:20:42] doing your bit to improve the climate.
[00:20:46] You are committed to making the climate better. better.
[00:21:26] Following a preparatory and introductory phase beginning in
[00:21:29] 2027, the digital product passport for
[00:21:32] textiles in the EU is set to come into effect in
[00:21:35] 2028.
[00:21:43] Archaeological discoveries,
[00:21:47] water on the moon and building a lunar base.
[00:21:51] We'll be back soon with more stories from the world of
[00:21:54] science. See you then tomorrow today. Take care.
[00:22:25] In the central part of the day, we follow current events for you, with
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[00:22:33] From
[00:22:43] October 10 to 16, every evening
[00:22:46] at 9:00 on Cinemanija.
[00:22:51] Žarko Laušević in the movie Smrdljiva
[00:22:54] Bajka.
[00:22:58] Paul Sorvino in the comedic drama, Once
[00:23:01] Upon a Time in
[00:23:02] Queens.
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[00:23:36] Year.
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[00:23:50] More movies, more hits.
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[00:24:00] Probotanik, a healthy family. This was
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[00:24:24] compromise, a smart
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[00:24:29] There are people who, in what already
[00:24:32] exists, see what else can
[00:24:35] become.
[00:24:38] People who know that great things start
[00:24:42] from the smallest
[00:24:43] details.
[00:24:47] And people who never stop
[00:24:50] wondering what
[00:24:52] if.
[00:24:56] 90 years of Alkaloid, health above
[00:24:59] all.
[00:25:02] To be ready to face challenges is an art. When life
[00:25:06] serves something unexpected,
[00:30:30] Many new movies have arrived in world cinemas in the past
[00:30:34] seven days, and only some of them managed to make it onto
[00:30:38] our list, the highest- grossing ones. Welcome
[00:30:41] to Movie Top 10 channel N1. This
[00:30:45] is how the current American box office list looks.
[00:30:59] From...