NTV — Ch.T.D
20261012 214000 UTC
369 transcript segments
Google Cloud Speech-to-Text API (Chirp) + Gemini 2.5 Flash Non-Thinking
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[00:03:58] Good evening, fellow citizens.
[00:04:00] As usual this season, I continue to talk about
[00:04:03] the Russian revolution, in this issue
[00:04:07] it will be about Rasputin, about Tsarevich's illness and much more
[00:04:10] that is interesting and, as we know,
[00:04:12] tragic.
[00:04:16] In the midst of the Russo-Japanese War, a tragic war,
[00:04:20] a fateful war, a war that would for the first time
[00:04:23] shake the people's faith in the divine chosenness of their
[00:04:26] Tsar, in the midst of this war, the Tsar.
[00:04:31] Finally, after 10 years of marriage, an heir was born to him,
[00:04:35] after four daughters and a false pregnancy, the already very
[00:04:38] sick, completely exhausted Empress Alexandra
[00:04:41] Feodorovna, did not expect to have more children, and this was
[00:04:45] a real tragedy, because the main purpose of a Russian
[00:04:48] Tsarina is to give birth to a Tsarevich, here is a new
[00:04:52] pregnancy, about who will be born, even the
[00:04:55] Western press guessed, within a few days it will be
[00:04:58] decided, will the Empress be the most popular woman in Russia
[00:05:02] or will she, in the eyes of the vast majority
[00:05:05] of the people, become an outcast, upon whom
[00:05:08] a special wrath of God is directed? They say that she
[00:05:11] prays day and night that the child turns out to be
[00:05:15] a son, only then will she be able to win the hearts
[00:05:18] of her people and her husband, by giving the Russian Empire
[00:05:22] an heir. And now, awaiting the mysterious
[00:05:26] decision of God and nature, the Empress
[00:05:29] is one of the unhappiest people in Europe, especially
[00:05:33] since her position does not allow her to hide from
[00:05:36] sympathetic or curious eyes
[00:05:40] of society.
[00:05:42] Can you imagine
[00:05:52] what a responsibility, you have to give birth to a son,
[00:05:55] only a son, such a responsibility when nothing
[00:05:58] depends on you. So, over tea with relatives, she suddenly
[00:06:02] felt a sharp contraction, the Empress
[00:06:05] later told me that of all her children, these were the easiest
[00:06:08] births, Her Majesty barely managed to climb
[00:06:12] out of the small study up the old stairs to her
[00:06:15] bedroom, when the child was born. Petersburg
[00:06:18] rejoiced, finally not 101 gun salutes
[00:06:22] were fired, as was done for the birth of daughters, but
[00:06:25] 301. An heir was born. Even Paul
[00:06:29] I, son of Catherine II, Catherine the Great, passed
[00:06:33] a law that only a man could be the heir to the Russian
[00:06:36] throne. Paul hated his mother, Catherine
[00:06:39] the Great, and did not want Russia to be ruled by women
[00:06:43] anymore, which was a great mistake, by the way, Catherine was one of
[00:06:45] the best, if not the best, of our rulers.
[00:06:49] Nicholas II's long-awaited heir, Catherine's
[00:06:52] great-great-grandson,
[00:06:55] born in the 20th century, was named
[00:06:58] Alexei, in honor of Tsar Alexei
[00:07:01] Mikhailovich. Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich ruled in the 17th
[00:07:05] century, and he was Nicholas II's favorite Tsar. He
[00:07:08] was called "The Quietest."
[00:07:16] Nicholas named his son. No one knew
[00:07:20] then that this long-awaited heir Alexei
[00:07:23] would be the last Russian
[00:07:26] heir. "An unforgettable great
[00:07:29] day for us, in which God's grace so clearly
[00:07:33] visited us. I feel happier
[00:07:36] at the news of the birth of my son
[00:07:39] and heir than at the news of..."
[00:08:12] Russian Cossacks in joy, the Tsar announced many
[00:08:16] political concessions, abolished corporal punishment, forgave
[00:08:19] fines, and somewhere far, far away from
[00:08:23] the palace, the tragic Russo-Japanese
[00:08:26] War was going on, I talked about it in the last issue, which can be
[00:08:29] watched on the ChTD channel, on Telegram, RuTube and VK,
[00:08:32] look here, in the drawing rooms there was joy with
[00:08:36] a hint of strictness, so as not to overshadow these days
[00:08:40] of general merriment, bad news from the front
[00:08:43] was ordered to be hidden on the back pages
[00:08:46] of newspapers. The Novik was sunk by the Japanese off
[00:08:49] Sakhalin. This is our best cruiser. They don't
[00:08:53] announce it on the occasion of the joy of baptism. During the Tsar's
[00:08:56] days, misfortune and defeats are not acknowledged. They
[00:09:00] are well in palaces and estates. What are
[00:09:04] Russian misfortunes to them?
[00:09:06] Today the furniture maker Mikhailov told me. I'm going from
[00:09:10] the dacha by train, a conversation about.
[00:10:12] Alexandra took Maria's hand, "If only you knew how
[00:10:15] fervently I prayed to God to protect my
[00:10:19] son from our hereditary curse," she said to
[00:10:22] Maria, already fully aware that the nightmare
[00:10:26] of hemophilia had not bypassed them. Nicholas's cousin
[00:10:30] Maria Pavlovna had no doubt
[00:10:33] that she and Alexandra Feodorovna knew almost immediately that
[00:10:37] Alexei carried within him the seed of an incurable disease.
[00:10:41] They concealed their feelings even from their closest
[00:10:44] relatives, but from that moment, as she
[00:10:47] recalled, the Empress's character greatly
[00:10:50] changed, and her health, both physical and
[00:10:54] mental, also changed. Alexandra Feodorovna's
[00:10:57] elder sister had already given birth to two sons with hemophilia.
[00:11:00] One of them had already died, not having lived to be 5 years old. Everyone knew that such
[00:11:04] boys do not live to be thirteen. Everyone knew that
[00:11:07] this gene is the curse of the English royal
[00:11:10] family. Everyone knew that it is transmitted only from
[00:11:12] the mother. In the palace, they whispered, "How could they
[00:11:15] have overlooked it? How could they have allowed Nicholas to marry someone who
[00:11:19] carried within her the irreparable, unfortunate gene?" But they
[00:11:23] married for love. The future Emperor Nicholas
[00:11:27] II met and fell in love with Alice of Hesse
[00:11:30] and Darmstadt at Windsor Castle.
[00:11:33] Queen Victoria was very sympathetic to the budding feelings
[00:11:36] of her beloved granddaughter and the young heir
[00:11:40] to the throne. Tsar Alexander, knowing that
[00:11:43] hemophilia had affected members of the House of Hesse
[00:11:46] from generation to generation,
[00:11:49] strongly opposed the plans for a marriage alliance, but in
[00:11:53] the end, he had to give in.
[00:11:57] At first, fate, it seemed, favored
[00:12:00] her, by refusing to grant her a son. She
[00:12:03] gave birth to four daughters, which damaged her
[00:12:06] health, but she could not give life to the heir
[00:12:10] to the throne.
[00:18:39] The Frenchman first saw the heir when he was a year and a half
[00:18:45] with Alexei. And Gilliard was almost
[00:18:49] shot together with the child. But
[00:18:52] no, foreigners were no longer shot for fear
[00:18:55] of trouble. He left very fascinating memoirs.
[00:18:59] Unlike most other memoirs, he does not blame the Empress, but tries
[00:19:03] to understand her.
[00:19:06] He sympathizes. In his eyes, a frightened
[00:19:09] expression appeared, and it was not immediately easy for me to persuade
[00:19:12] him to extend his tiny hand to me. At
[00:19:16] that moment I saw the Empress convulsively press the
[00:19:20] child to her, like a mother who, like all
[00:19:23] mothers, fears for the life of her child,
[00:19:27] but in her case this movement betrayed a secret bad
[00:19:30] premonition, it was so obvious that it could not
[00:19:34] escape my attention, very...
[00:19:37] soon I understood its cause. Gilliard
[00:19:40] states that the Empress's famous arrogance was only
[00:19:43] a mask covering natural shyness, that her coldness
[00:19:47] was simply the seriousness of a mother of many children, that she
[00:19:51] suffered endlessly, knowing that she was
[00:19:54] the cause of the incredible suffering of her only son.
[00:19:57] Tsarevich, lying in his crib, moaned
[00:20:00] piteously, pressing his head against his mother's hand, and his
[00:20:04] delicate, bloodless face was unrecognizable.
[00:20:08] Occasionally he interrupted his groans to
[00:20:11] whisper only one word: "Mama,"
[00:20:15] in which he expressed all his suffering, all
[00:20:18] his despair, and the mother kissed his hair,
[00:20:22] forehead, eyes, as if with this caress she
[00:20:26] could alleviate his suffering, how to
[00:20:29] convey the torture of this mother, helplessly
[00:20:32] present at the torments of her
[00:20:35] child, who knew
[00:20:38] that she was the cause of these sufferings, that she
[00:20:41] had passed on to him a terrible disease, against
[00:20:44] which science was powerless.
[00:20:48] I often met.
[00:21:50] One day, the Empress took him with her for a ride. I was also
[00:21:54] with them. During the walk, Alexei Nikolaevich kept
[00:21:57] complaining of internal pain. Every
[00:22:00] jolt tormented him, his face stretched and
[00:22:03] paled. The Empress, frightened, ordered them to turn
[00:22:07] back home. When we arrived at the palace, he was carried out, almost
[00:22:11] unconscious. For the next 3 weeks, he
[00:22:14] hovered between life and death, day and night
[00:22:17] screaming in pain. It was difficult for those
[00:22:20] around him to hear his constant groans, so much so that
[00:22:23] sometimes, passing his room, we would cover
[00:22:26] our ears. Barely beginning to speak, the child already knew that he was not
[00:22:30] like everyone else, that he was sick, his face
[00:22:32] sharpened, became waxy, like a
[00:22:35] dead man's, his huge blue eyes were always
[00:22:38] almost filled with pain. One day, entering his
[00:22:42] son's room and hearing his desperate groans, the sovereign
[00:22:45] ran out of the room and, locking himself in his
[00:22:48] study, burst into tears.
[00:22:50] Alexei Nikolaevich then told his parents, "When I
[00:22:54] die, put a small stone monument for me in
[00:22:58] the park." Even the doctors, who had settled in the palace,
[00:23:01] could not bear this. They were, after all,
[00:23:03] powerless. "I am not able to convey to you what I am
[00:23:07] going through. I am unable to do anything
[00:23:11] but walk around him. I am unable to
[00:23:15] think of anything but him, his
[00:23:18] parents." "Pray, my children,
[00:23:21] pray daily, fervently for our
[00:23:24] precious heir." The heir's
[00:23:27] condition was initially kept secret, but it was impossible. Sometimes, at
[00:23:31] official ceremonies, he was carried in the arms of a loyal sailor named
[00:23:35] Derevenka. Everyone saw this. As usual, the Western
[00:23:38] press spread the wildest rumors. But what was
[00:23:41] really wrong with the Tsarevich? Everyone
[00:23:45] asked. Bone tuberculosis, tumor,
[00:23:48] abscess, kidney disease, spinal fall, all these
[00:23:52] causes were mentioned by the press. In American
[00:23:55] newspapers, there was even an absurd version, according
[00:23:59] to which, once, when the guard was not watching the
[00:24:02] Tsarevich, a nihilist attacked Alexei,
[00:24:06] striking him with a knife. In one of
[00:24:09] the attacks, the heir's death seemed already
[00:24:12] inevitable. A message for the evening newspapers had already been
[00:24:15] prepared. The spiritual mentor of the royal children had already begun
[00:24:19] preparations.
[00:24:50] He went to the post office and sent a telegram to Alexandra:
[00:24:54] "The baby will not die, let the doctors not
[00:24:57] torment him." Historians still wonder how this could
[00:25:00] have happened, but a miracle occurred. After
[00:25:03] Rasputin's intervention, the dying heir
[00:25:05] recovered. According to his doctors, this was absolutely
[00:25:09] inexplicable from a medical point of view. But the Tsarevich's
[00:25:12] survival came at a high price, at the cost of his mother's
[00:25:16] complete emotional submission to Grigori
[00:25:19] Rasputin, as the only person in
[00:25:22] God's whole world who could save her
[00:25:25] son's life. When Grigori returned to St. Petersburg that
[00:25:29] winter, he assured the Empress that her
[00:25:32] son would always be out of danger as long as
[00:25:35] he, Grigori, lived. With each new bruise, with each new
[00:25:39] healing, the Empress became more and more attached to
[00:25:42] Rasputin. This is understandable, he was her
[00:25:45] savior, sent by God. The Empress was already
[00:25:48] disliked at court, and this quite understandable attachment was
[00:25:52] disliked even more. She breastfed herself, bathed
[00:25:55] the baby herself, then they said: "The Empress is not a queen,
[00:25:59] only a mother." She was sick, suffered, and... they said that she was
[00:26:03] arrogant and unfriendly, she could not attend the funeral
[00:26:06] of one of the many Grand Dukes, because
[00:26:09] she physically could not stand a four-hour service, and
[00:26:12] they said, she refused to come, even in that
[00:26:16] first year, I remember it well, if Alex
[00:26:19] smiled, they called it mockery,
[00:26:23] if she had a serious look, they said that she was
[00:26:26] angry, so her reaction to all this
[00:26:29] was to retreat into her domestic world.
[00:26:33] I was horrified that her unpopularity
[00:26:36] reached hatred as early as
[00:26:40] 1910, and then it got worse.
[00:26:42] Rasputin handed over the Empress's letters and those of the royal daughters to a disgraced
[00:26:46] monk, who distributed them throughout
[00:26:49] St. Petersburg. Of course, there was nothing compromising in these
[00:26:52] letters, nor could there have been, but everyone was outraged,
[00:26:55] even Alexandra Feodorovna's mother-in-law, the Dowager
[00:26:59] Empress, mother of Nicholas II. "My poor
[00:27:02] daughter-in-law does not understand that she is ruining the dynasty
[00:27:05] and herself. She sincerely believes in the holiness
[00:27:08] of an adventurer, and we are powerless to avert the misfortune
[00:27:11] that will surely come." From all this,
[00:27:14] the Empress suffered immensely and became increasingly
[00:27:18] ill. She was not known for robust health to begin with, and now she
[00:27:21] was completely exhausted. Sometimes the Empress was bedridden for
[00:27:25] many weeks. Nicholas - his
[00:27:28] mother wrote, that is, the Empress's mother-in-law. "It is very sad
[00:27:31] and painful to see that. Alex is always ill and unable
[00:27:35] to take part in anything. You have
[00:27:37] enough worries in life without such a trial,
[00:27:41] to see the person you love most in the world
[00:27:45] suffer. I hope that today you will not be too
[00:27:49] tired, and that you will be able to get up for dinner. I always
[00:27:52] feel so terribly sorry when you are tired and cannot
[00:27:55] get up. Perhaps I am wrong in many ways,
[00:27:59] but please forgive me, your loving daughter Tatyana."
[00:28:03] "I will pray for you in church." In fact, this
[00:28:06] was a very loving, very sincere and truly
[00:28:09] pious family. And the marriage
[00:28:11] of Nicholas and Alexandra can serve as the rarest example of many years
[00:28:15] of love and fidelity. Before the revolution, before her arrest,
[00:28:19] the Empress burned most of their letters and diaries, but some things
[00:28:22] survived. "I never believed that such complete
[00:28:25] happiness could exist in the world. Such a
[00:28:28] feeling of communion between two
[00:28:30] mortals. There will be no separation,
[00:28:34] finally united, we are bound for life,
[00:28:37] when this life ends, we
[00:28:40] will meet again in another world and remain
[00:28:44] together forever. Oh, my dear, what is this
[00:28:48] force that has forever made me your
[00:28:51] captive. I can think of nothing but
[00:28:55] you, my dearest, and I give my
[00:28:58] life into your hands. More than that I
[00:29:01] cannot give. Over my love,
[00:29:04] every drop of it, you have complete
[00:29:08] power." They raised their children in modesty,
[00:29:12] the girls slept in rooms below, on narrow
[00:29:14] metal folding army beds, in the mornings they took
[00:29:18] cold baths, dressed themselves, although girls much lower than them in
[00:29:22] status, in those times all over the world, had maids, but the Tsar's
[00:29:25] daughters made their own beds and tidied their rooms
[00:29:29] themselves. Their mother seemed to feel that they needed to be prepared.
[00:30:32] for the Empress, for the little Grand Duchesses,
[00:30:35] so that people in the last stages of tuberculosis would kiss
[00:30:39] their hands. Alexandra's answer was
[00:30:41] unequivocal. "I don't think it will harm
[00:30:45] the children, but I'm sure it will offend the feelings
[00:30:48] of the sick if they think that my daughters
[00:30:51] are afraid of infection." Very touching memoirs were
[00:30:54] left by the Tsarevich's tutor and the Tsarevnas' nanny. Both
[00:30:58] were foreigners, both were amazed by the incredible modesty of the royal family. She urged
[00:31:15] Olga, she really asked Margareta to tell them
[00:31:19] not to do that. One day, soon
[00:31:22] after Christmas, she saw, riding in a carriage, that a
[00:31:25] girl was standing by the road crying.
[00:31:28] "Look," exclaimed Olga in great agitation,
[00:31:32] "Santa Claus probably didn't know where she lived." And then she
[00:31:36] threw her the doll she was holding,
[00:31:39] shouting: "Don't cry, girl, here's a
[00:31:43] doll for you."
[00:32:16] "Of course not, but Derevenka said that everything
[00:32:19] had to be exactly that way. This is nonsense,"
[00:32:22] I replied, "even the sovereign does not like it when people
[00:32:26] kneel before him. Why don't you
[00:32:28] make Derevenka stop insisting on
[00:32:31] this?" "I don't know, I don't
[00:32:34] dare." Yes, this was a wonderful
[00:32:38] family, and wonderful children, innocent,
[00:32:41] sensitive, kind, sacrificial, royal.
[00:32:44] children. shot in the basement by personal order of
[00:32:48] Lenin, but more on that in the following
[00:32:51] chapters.
[00:32:54] And in the end, as usual, I ask a question, one of those questions
[00:32:58] that I ask in my channel Margarita Mayana Literature and
[00:33:01] History, it is on Telegram, it is on Max, and
[00:33:04] to those who first give the correct answer, I
[00:33:08] will send this new book of mine, not the first love about
[00:33:12] me and Tigran, it is, by the way, a bestseller at the moment I am recording this episode, it
[00:33:15] is in first place in sales, I am
[00:33:19] incredibly pleased, I could not imagine that I would be able to bypass
[00:33:23] the new Marinina and the new
[00:33:25] Pelevin, thank you all, so the question
[00:33:29] is, what was Tsarevich Alexei's most
[00:33:32] favorite musical instrument.