OMAN — broadcast
20260806 140000 UTC
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[00:00:00] to the Bahla Volunteer Team for the Local Community Foundation
[00:00:04] at the historic Bahla Fort in the Al Dakhiliyah Governorate.
[00:00:07] The Ministry of Heritage
[00:00:10] the drip irrigation hose is clearly and Tourism participated in the initiative
[00:00:12] in the middle, and the plants are for the first time in the World Heritage Volunteers initiative for the year 20/26 under
[00:00:16] the slogan "Working for the Future," which
[00:00:19] is organized by the World Heritage Centre at UNESCO,
[00:00:23] in a step that reflects the role of the Sultanate of Oman in preserving and managing World Heritage sites
[00:00:26] of
[00:00:32] authentic varieties and selected varieties. The late maturing varieties outstanding universal value. The participation of the Sultanate of Oman in this
[00:00:35] investing in wheat in initiative comes as the second country in
[00:00:40] Yes, we rely more on we need to stop at this the Arab region after the Kingdom of Morocco, due to its important role in preserving the global cultural heritage.
[00:00:43] الثقافي
[00:00:47] We lived on That concludes the news bulletin. Please,
[00:00:52] Amal.
[00:00:54] meaning I import it from Dear viewers, we have reached the end of this bulletin.
[00:00:57] We remind you of the most prominent news in it.
[00:01:02] and also 100 kg of His Highness Sayyid Bil'arab bin Haitham
[00:01:04] sponsors the ceremony honoring outstanding students
[00:01:07] planting area. Now, between this in the General Education Diploma in Muscat Governorate.
[00:01:09] and the region where the wheat
[00:01:14] the results of the evaluation of this
[00:01:18] rotation. This The Ministry of Labour launches the institutional work platform quantity. If we look at to organize
[00:01:21] job opportunities related to seasons and events and to connect
[00:01:25] job seekers
[00:01:27] and extra work. I finished with with available opportunities.
[00:01:30] we removed it, and we started Signing a consulting services agreement
[00:01:33] for the Fish Industries City project in South Sharqiyah Governorate.
[00:01:38] again. Just the cleaning process of
[00:01:41] Insurance companies listed on
[00:01:43] increased your the Muscat Securities Market achieve profits of more than 11
[00:01:47] million Omani Riyals during the first half of the current year.
[00:01:51] الجاري.
[00:01:54] That concludes the bulletin, dear viewers. We thank you for your kind
[00:01:58] follow-up. May you be safe. Thank you. And goodbye.
[00:02:04] working on all crops. In
[00:02:10] did you turn to this
[00:02:26] and get his share of
[00:02:37] here in this
[00:02:52] so that their roots can penetrate deeply into
[00:02:52] Don't
[00:02:54] accuse me.
[00:02:59] is what causes problems in
[00:03:16] pest. But he should
[00:03:24] This is well known. No one doubts
[00:03:26] sprinklers. And now, in it in wheat cultivation, bucket. We used to do that but
[00:03:29] I strive for food security for every
[00:03:31] family. The concrete ground
[00:03:35] with water creates an environment
[00:03:39] arises: why is this for insects. The land needs a balance,
[00:03:43] compared to this field? This and your eyes are your first balance.
[00:03:47] 226. This Yes. We lived on wheat,
[00:03:51] and our children will live on
[00:03:54] with wheat last year and was planted with wheat wheat.
[00:03:57] Hello. Wheat is considered one of the most important food sources
[00:04:00] for humans, and it is one of the oldest
[00:04:03] varieties tested in crops cultivated by The government humans. It plays a vital role in the economy
[00:04:09] the soil. Using alfalfa of many countries. In this episode, let's learn about the agricultural practices
[00:04:11] for wheat cultivation.
[00:04:14] working on
[00:04:19] yield has decreased. Now, this the best imported variety,
[00:04:34] Badr, we want to know about
[00:04:34] in the Kula and in the Sari'a
[00:04:39] Brother Salim, we are in the Wilayat of Ibri, specifically in this village, the village
[00:04:43] of Naqeed. We want you to tell us about the results of your experiment
[00:04:47] in wheat cultivation and the recommendations
[00:04:49] valve. So the effect is in you have reached so that that you followed in this we can benefit from them and also
[00:04:52] benefit our esteemed viewers. Of course,
[00:04:55] when the star Suhail appears and the weather gets cooler,
[00:05:02] and 110 and 308. These the farmer prepares to plant wheat for the winter season.
[00:05:03] The land
[00:05:07] furrow system. The field we are standing naturally needs preparation, it needs to be prepared.
[00:05:11] He gets rid of the previous crop and prepares the land
[00:05:14] through false seeding
[00:05:17] to combat the weeds that might appear in the wheat
[00:05:20] crop. He fertilizes this soil with organic fertilizers.
[00:05:24] He irrigates it once or twice, then turns it over.
[00:05:26] The planting season is in
[00:05:30] November. There are early maturing varieties
[00:05:34] and late maturing varieties. The
[00:05:37] early maturing varieties are the improved
[00:05:41] are the
[00:05:45] that our parents and grandparents have inherited from generation to
[00:05:48] generation, from ancestors to descendants, using
[00:05:51] , of course, the irrigation system such as drip
[00:05:54] irrigation or
[00:05:56] sprinklers, or generally modern
[00:06:00] irrigation.
[00:06:00] الحديث
[00:06:06] Wheat is planted in the second half of November with a seed quantity
[00:06:09] estimated at 40 to 50 kilograms. As for
[00:06:13] the harvest time and quantity, it depends on
[00:06:16] three factors: the variety, the agricultural practices,
[00:06:21] is planted. Therefore, my fellow farmers, you should always consult
[00:06:26] wheat in terms of production
[00:06:29] the report published in 2021 by the competent authorities,
[00:06:33] we would find that the average yield in Al Dhahirah
[00:06:36] and Al Dakhiliyah governorates reached about one
[00:06:40] and a half tons per feddan, while for North Al Batinah governorate,
[00:06:44] it was about 850 kilograms.
[00:06:47] Therefore, we must always look at the wheat
[00:06:50] varieties that thrive in our lands.
[00:07:12] What is the area of this field? This is about a quarter of a feddan. A quarter of a feddan.
[00:07:16] You use drip irrigation. Yes, yes. I use drip irrigation.
[00:07:19] Now, why
[00:07:22] system? Aha, what is the reason? Generally,
[00:07:26] in our country, or this particular state, rainfall
[00:07:29] is not continuous. Yes. And water is scarce.
[00:07:32] And every farmer wants to not miss
[00:07:35] a season
[00:07:38] cultivation. So, there is no solution or method for him except through
[00:07:42] drip irrigation. Or sprinklers. What is the distance you set between one line
[00:07:45] and the next here? The distance is 70 cm. 70. But
[00:07:49] of course, it differs from soil to soil, and the best
[00:07:51] recommendations are between 50 cm to 30 cm
[00:07:55] between one dripper and the next. 20 cm. This is known. No one
[00:07:59] doubts it in wheat cultivation. Drippers are always 20 cm
[00:08:03] between them. Okay. If we don't use sprinklers, how much distance is preferred
[00:08:06] between one sprinkler and the next, based on your experiences? Also, based on
[00:08:10] my experiences, 10 meters. 10. Does it not increase
[00:08:13] the plants a bit? Indeed, when the pressure
[00:08:16] is high and the variety is tall,
[00:08:20] yes, indeed, in our local dialect, we say
[00:08:24] it "yasfa," so it indeed suffers from the lodging
[00:08:28] choose a short variety from the beginning, so this problem won't appear.
[00:08:47] Between this field and this field, the question
[00:08:52] field of lower quality
[00:08:55] field, which is the same variety, Wadi Khariyat
[00:09:00] field, we planted cowpeas in it. But this field
[00:09:03] remained as it was. It was planted
[00:09:07] this year. Yes, we gave it organic fertilizer, and actually in
[00:09:10] our local terminology,
[00:09:12] using or diversifying crops in the same
[00:09:16] soil improves the soil and nourishes
[00:09:21] in winter and cowpeas
[00:09:23] in summer, otherwise the land will be exhausted if it's always wheat, wheat,
[00:09:27] wheat. You yourself will notice that the wheat
[00:09:32] variety, what is its number? 226.
[00:09:35] And Al-Qurayat, is it commercially recommended?
[00:09:38] Of course, last year we produced for the feddan, and this is a personal calculation.
[00:09:42] Yes. And in our state, the feddan produced
[00:09:46] 2400 kilograms. And now you have in the same
[00:09:49] variety, the evidence is before your eyes and with your observation.
[00:09:53] The same variety and the same agricultural practices
[00:09:57] and the same irrigation, as it is one pump and one
[00:10:02] the spikes. This spike can contain 14
[00:10:04] grains.
[00:10:19] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
[00:10:22] 10 11 12 13 14
[00:10:26] This is 14 grains. If we move
[00:10:30] to the other side, then a random
[00:10:33] selection, for example, this is 1
[00:10:36] 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
[00:10:39] 9. Of course, there is a difference between this spike
[00:10:42] and this spike.
[00:10:44] And of course,
[00:10:47] this one will have larger
[00:10:49] and heavier grains, while this one will have shriveled
[00:10:52] and lighter grains.
[00:10:55] Viewers, so that we can also delve into the issue of
[00:10:58] foliar fertilization,
[00:11:02] topic and learn about it in more detail.
[00:11:04] تفصيلي
[00:11:10] It is important to plow the land twice before planting,
[00:11:13] perpendicularly, to break it up and expose
[00:11:16] it to the sun and also to aerate it. It is also important to add
[00:11:19] approximately 20 cubic meters of organic fertilizers
[00:11:23] before the second plowing,
[00:11:27] triple superphosphate granular fertilizer. There are also some
[00:11:30] agricultural recommendations that indicated the amount
[00:11:34] of fertilizer needed per feddan. You can
[00:11:37] consult them.
[00:12:04] This, what we have, is called frikeh. You can eat it
[00:12:08] like this, and children love it, or we can
[00:12:10] roast it on the fire. So you spent your time, effort,
[00:12:14] and money, and took a part of your land,
[00:12:18] planted and researched until
[00:12:21] you reached these results. Couldn't you just go to the market
[00:12:25] and buy it and save yourself the trouble? If we were to
[00:12:28] calculate it
[00:12:31] with this theory or with this idea,
[00:12:33] it would be easier for one to go to the market and buy a sack
[00:12:37] of it. But I strive for food security for every
[00:12:40] family. We, our families, the families
[00:12:43] of farmers, have a food security mindset. Our farmers' stores
[00:12:47] and our homes' stores are filled
[00:12:50] with wheat all year round. And the wheat
[00:12:53] season comes, and wheat from last year is still
[00:12:56] available. I still preserve the cultivation of local
[00:12:59] varieties. I have about
[00:13:02] field
[00:13:05] more than 13 local Omani authentic
[00:13:08] varieties. And I also preserve the selected
[00:13:12] varieties from agricultural research
[00:13:14] such as Jamah and Wadi Furian.
[00:13:18] Tell the esteemed viewers about the local Omani varieties.
[00:13:21] The Misani has three types. Yes.
[00:13:25] The Sari'a also has three types. We also have the Kula,
[00:13:28] and we have the Jarida. Yes.
[00:13:32] And we have the Alas which is grown in the south of the Sultanate in Dhofar. Yes.
[00:13:35] And we have the Humaira and we have
[00:13:38] the Bahri, and we also have the Walidi variety.
[00:13:52] So, my dear viewers, what the farmer Salim
[00:13:55] is doing, even though he cultivates these innovative crops,
[00:13:59] is to provide information and guidance to farmers.
[00:14:03] The goal is not financial as much as it is to raise
[00:14:07] the efficiency of this agricultural production and develop it until we achieve
[00:14:10] local self-sufficiency. Let our lands be cultivated. Let
[00:14:14] us reach the ambition of achieving self-sufficiency,
[00:14:18] and we must all realize that the grain of wheat in
[00:14:21] our homes did not come except after
[00:14:25] a struggle and effort
[00:14:28] like the struggle we see before us.
[00:14:59] the agricultural practices through your experiences
[00:15:02] regarding wheat cultivation, wheat fertilization, and also pest
[00:15:05] and disease control that affect wheat, and most importantly,
[00:15:09] your practices
[00:15:12] place regarding irrigation.
[00:15:15] Of course, we are working on a drip irrigation system, and with
[00:15:19] drip irrigation, we have two types we work with. We can work with a broadcast
[00:15:23] sowing system for the entire plot.
[00:15:25] And we spread the drip irrigation hoses generally. This is one system. The other
[00:15:29] system is the
[00:15:32] in now uses this system, the furrow drip irrigation system.
[00:15:35] Yes. And the distances are, of course,
[00:15:39] between the pits, the pitting process is 20 cm
[00:15:43] on both sides of the hose. Of course, in the field now,
[00:15:50] to the right and to the left. If you notice, between one pit
[00:15:53] and another, it's about 20 cm. Yes, in each pit,
[00:15:57] we plant three to five seeds. The branching,
[00:16:00] you see now, is strong, God willing. This branching is to the right
[00:16:04] and to the left, at the same distances.
[00:16:07] You lower it a bit. This goes here. Fertilizers are applied here, and of course,
[00:16:11] in the fertilization process,
[00:16:14] there are fertilizers applied before planting.
[00:16:17] organic fertilizers, whether poultry fertilizers
[00:16:21] or cow or sheep fertilizers, or a mix of all these fertilizers, and this
[00:16:25] is better. And it is done with
[00:16:28] plowing the land. And I also use a variety of mineral fertilizers. These
[00:16:32] are the mineral fertilizers that are applied before planting: super
[00:16:35] phosphate, you preferred monocalcium phosphate, and humic acid.
[00:16:39] In small quantities, they are small quantities in a limited area in the
[00:16:45] row and this row, I see that there is a large distance. Yes, I'll
[00:16:48] tell you why. We don't need this distance, but
[00:16:52] I am applying crop
[00:16:56] area was planted with sweet corn.
[00:16:59] So I didn't want to bother myself with extra hoses
[00:17:04] the sweet corn,
[00:17:08] with wheat directly in the same place without
[00:17:11] plowing
[00:17:15] weeds and leftover materials from the previous crop,
[00:17:19] the corn. So that means you
[00:17:21] profits by reducing costs. Exactly.
[00:17:25] Accumulated costs were reduced. Exactly, exactly. Exactly. Now, this is the second crop
[00:17:28] we are working on in the same land with the same
[00:17:31] existing tools, the hoses and the initial fertilizer before
[00:17:35] planting during the corn planting
[00:17:39] season. We worked on it for two seasons.
[00:17:51] I planted here and I planted, meaning 20 cm as I mentioned, and the distance
[00:17:54] is yes. Now, I did this irrigation after I planted.
[00:17:58] I put three to five seeds in each hole. Do I irrigate
[00:18:01] immediately? Yes, you run it
[00:18:05] immediately. The first run needs heavy irrigation. Okay,
[00:18:08] because the land will be taking water for the first time in this new crop.
[00:18:12] So it needs heavy irrigation. After that, after that,
[00:18:16] it might need watering every seven to eight
[00:18:19] days. The seedlings will die. No, no, they won't die.
[00:18:22] On the contrary, the seeds need less water after
[00:18:26] germination
[00:18:29] the soil to search for water and nutrients.
[00:18:33] Contrary to popular belief, excessive irrigation
[00:18:36] germination, weakness.
[00:18:40] Rot, and other fungal diseases, and it even attracts insects.
[00:18:43] The concrete ground with water is infested, creating an environment
[00:18:47] for insects. Humidity will be high here in your crops,
[00:18:51] attracting insects and agricultural pests, and also
[00:18:55] fungi and these things. So the idea
[00:18:58] that I must saturate it is wrong. No, the land needs a balance,
[00:19:01] and your eyes are your first guide. Yes, and also the type of soil
[00:19:05] you are working on, and also the crop
[00:19:07] you are working on. Some crops need more irrigation, and some
[00:19:11] crops need less water, and so on.
[00:19:14] You, I think that in wheat cultivation,
[00:19:17] there are names for irrigations. Yes,
[00:19:20] there are many names at specific times. Yes.
[00:19:23] Our elders, may God have mercy on them, used to do this. I can follow that
[00:19:27] if it's the Aflaj system. Yes, drip irrigation, it's difficult for me
[00:19:30] to follow the irrigation times. And if it's sprinklers, sprinklers also, I find it
[00:19:34] difficult. The evaluation you are talking about, which is flood
[00:19:37] irrigation, this is my personal opinion.
[00:19:40] I'm talking because I worked on sprinkler system and I worked on
[00:19:44] drip system. Which one did you find better? Drip irrigation.
[00:19:48] I am currently
[00:19:51] what is available to me, which is based on
[00:19:55] the previous sweet corn crop's setup. I'm working on
[00:19:58] 25 rows. As long as I worked on drip irrigation rows,
[00:20:02] I'm afraid they might tear if I use machinery
[00:20:05] to start harvesting. Yes, here
[00:20:07] harvesting is manual.
[00:20:11] First of all, mechanical harvesting also succeeds
[00:20:15] because mechanical harvesting is known to be not at
[00:20:18] ground level, but elevated. If you noticed, we planted in a trench,
[00:20:22] yes, meaning the water pipes are below
[00:20:26] ground level, if you noticed.
[00:20:29] They are low, thus giving you the opportunity to use machines in the harvesting
[00:20:33] process.
[00:20:38] Wheat is one of the annual plants sensitive to water
[00:20:41] deficits, especially during the first three periods
[00:20:44] of the germination stage, and the second during the tillering
[00:20:47] stage,
[00:20:50] and during the flowering stage. We must always pay attention to
[00:20:54] the amount of water during those three periods. The Encyclopedia
[00:20:57] of Omani Fruit Trees indicated that the water
[00:21:01] requirement for one feddan of wheat planted on sandy soil reaches
[00:21:05] approximately 2150
[00:21:07] cubic meters of water throughout the planting
[00:21:10] period.
[00:21:31] But you know, in this place, water is scarce, yet you plant wheat and struggle
[00:21:34] to plant wheat. So what is the secret? Why? Well, brother,
[00:21:38] this is the crop of our ancestors and fathers, first
[00:21:41] of all. And, in truth, we always
[00:21:45] wish to eat what our hands have sown,
[00:21:49] especially wheat, because it is the main dish in every home, bread.
[00:21:52] So we try to make it from our own produce and our own
[00:21:56] cultivation, especially. As you know, we, as Omanis,
[00:21:59] always when a farm belongs to an Omani,
[00:22:03] he always tries to produce an agricultural product
[00:22:06] that meets as many healthy specifications as possible.
[00:22:09] Can we say that this project we are
[00:22:13] in now is a rewarding project? I mean, you are planting
[00:22:16] this area, which is almost a feddan, no. And you planted
[00:22:23] What is the secret of this struggle? The secret of this struggle is, first
[00:22:26] of all,
[00:22:29] that we are inherently passionate about
[00:22:32] agriculture, that's number one. Personally,
[00:22:35] I am successful in agriculture and benefiting.
[00:22:38] People may struggle with many problems, scarcity of water
[00:22:41] and such things, but they continue to farm due to their love for agriculture
[00:22:45] and their desire to farm, and they love
[00:22:48] the green and beautiful nature. We are also
[00:22:54] sweet corn, we had a distinguished season, and it didn't come from nothing.
[00:22:57] It surely came from effort and hard work, and a desire and passion for agriculture.
[00:23:00] If these elements are not present, you cannot continue. When you talk
[00:23:04] to me about this crop now, the wheat at the
[00:23:07] end of the crop, when I harvest it, I harvest it with great joy, very
[00:23:10] strong. Therefore, I want to offer something clean, first of all,
[00:23:14] for whom? For your family, for my family,
[00:23:16] and for my community. So this is what motivates people.
[00:23:20] Good exists. Yes, and benefit
[00:23:23] exists with perseverance and effort.
[00:23:50] Uncle Salman, you are, mashallah, one of the veteran wheat farmers.
[00:23:54] It would be good for you to share your experience, which spans
[00:23:57] decades. Well, I've been planting wheat since I was a child,
[00:24:01] since I was about 10 years old. We prepare the land with a hoe
[00:24:05] three months or two months before, and a month before planting.
[00:24:08] And we irrigate with the traditional
[00:24:12] in the past, and now we use
[00:24:16] recent years, the situation has reached the local level.
[00:24:20] Land preparation: we prepare it two months before. We turn
[00:24:24] the land so that it can decompose. A month
[00:24:28] before planting, we irrigate
[00:24:30] it, we "deceive" it so that
[00:24:33] harmful weeds sprout. After about
[00:24:36] 20 days, we hoe the land and dry it for about 10
[00:24:40] days, and then we plant the seeds from the beginning
[00:24:42] of November until December 15th.
[00:24:46] And what about the varieties?
[00:24:50] previously brought new
[00:24:53] agricultural research. They brought varieties
[00:24:57] 308 and 110
[00:25:00] and Wadiat, and there is variety 226
[00:25:03] and 227. We chose varieties
[00:25:06] 227,
[00:25:09] and 110, despite being imported.
[00:25:12] And with research experiments and so on, but we didn't give up
[00:25:16] on the Omani varieties. The Omani
[00:25:20] varieties have great quality
[00:25:24] and in the Maysan and in other
[00:25:27] varieties available in the Sultanate. We do not give them up. So,
[00:25:31] uncle, we need clarification regarding
[00:25:35] processing industries such as bread and so on. According to
[00:25:38] the varieties, I believe that not every variety is suitable for a specific
[00:25:41] dish. The varieties we have
[00:25:45] imported are
[00:25:48] 227
[00:25:52] imported varieties are suitable for bread
[00:25:55] and are suitable for other pastries.
[00:25:58] And if you asked about the Omani varieties, all varieties are suitable.
[00:26:02] The new Motchouf variety is variety
[00:26:06] 171 from Arab Egypt, and it gave
[00:26:10] good results. This year we took seeds from it and tested
[00:26:13] it, even though it was 40 kg for
[00:26:17] almost a quarter of a feddan or
[00:26:19] more.
[00:26:26] Okay, Uncle Salman, now that you have planted this land, may God bless you,
[00:26:30] and you have seen your experiences
[00:26:33] over the years in wheat cultivation, do you find that
[00:26:38] the Sultanate is worthwhile?
[00:26:42] No, we lived on it. We never imported wheat,
[00:26:45] and our families never knew about importing at all.
[00:26:49] wheat,
[00:26:52] and our children will live on wheat. But uncle, I import it,
[00:26:57] producing countries. So, if you compared
[00:27:00] the imported one... If you ate
[00:27:03] a bowl of this, of the Omani one, and you ate a bowl of
[00:27:06] that one, you would find this one different, and that one different. Even you yourself
[00:27:10] will appreciate its value, without
[00:27:14] analysis.
[00:27:19] In conclusion, wheat is a fundamental pillar in our daily
[00:27:23] lives, as it represents a source of food and also
[00:27:26] a driver of economy and trade. And here, I commend
[00:27:30] those Omani villages that have consistently cultivated wheat since ancient times
[00:27:33] until today, despite its availability in the markets,
[00:27:37] in order to preserve its varieties and on
[00:27:40] the principle of eating what we grow.
[00:27:42] May God grant you success.