PAKISTANTV — broadcast
20261011 123000 UTC
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[00:00:00] um on the president is uh not so
[00:00:04] much the mid-terms themselves, there's the strategic constraint is
[00:00:08] public opinion uh that is by and large opposed to
[00:00:12] this war, and uh we see
[00:00:15] of the mid-term election campaigns as an expression of that,
[00:00:20] of and we had series of senate debates this
[00:00:23] week, and republican candidates have
[00:00:26] of struggled to explain their formal support. for the
[00:00:30] war in terms
[00:00:31] of their uh votes against uh congressional resolutions that
[00:00:35] have sought to uh reign in president Trump's authority
[00:00:38] and uh yes I think that the mid-terms um if
[00:00:42] the polls are to be believed are probably uh going to
[00:00:46] send
[00:00:47] of major signal of a
[00:00:51] public rebuke
[00:00:52] of the administration's policy but but
[00:00:56] when if we you know like you said it's it's going to send a public signal. of
[00:01:00] rebuke: does it, do you think to a man
[00:01:04] like President Donald Trump, do you think it's going to matter in the
[00:01:08] sense that right now in terms of this is his second term,
[00:01:11] so you in terms of what he's expecting, do you think he's thinking
[00:01:15] about his legacy? do you think that you know he is thinking about
[00:01:19] bettering the the original Obama agreement, or
[00:01:23] you think we spoke earlier that is no more on the table,
[00:01:27] it's not
[00:01:27] a something that's likely to happen anymore. so what is
[00:01:30] what is he going to be thinking? not that one can really judge, but what is your
[00:01:34] of opinion of generally?
[00:01:36] of well, we have to remember that it's not the only
[00:01:39] constraint on president Trump, his military
[00:01:43] options have become more
[00:01:46] of constrained by virtue of simple military realities.
[00:01:49] of the force that's currently deployed in the Persian Gulf cannot remain there
[00:01:53] indefinitely, the loss
[00:01:55] of the naval support activity in Bahrain has
[00:01:58] of strained uh logistical supply chains,
[00:02:02] we've
[00:02:03] of seen aircraft carrier groups remain deployed well
[00:02:06] of beyond the point where they remained operationally
[00:02:10] effective and
[00:02:12] of then of subsequently
[00:02:14] of taken out of service for extended periods of time for emergency
[00:02:17] maintenance, we saw that with the USS Gerald Ford, we saw that with the
[00:02:21] USS Abraham Lincoln, these
[00:02:24] are these are assets that the US has in
[00:02:27] limited
[00:02:29] of quantities and it can't continue. this pace and intensity of
[00:02:32] deployment indefinitely, if there is a
[00:02:35] change in control of congress and congress is willing to assert its
[00:02:39] prerogatives uh more aggressively in terms of restricting
[00:02:43] funding and uh passing concrete
[00:02:47] legislative
[00:02:47] of constraints on the president's ability to conduct this war,
[00:02:51] then that will further constrain president Trump in
[00:02:55] of the the options
[00:02:56] of that he has. we've seen the depletion of critical munition.
[00:03:00] worldwide uh, the
[00:03:02] of US has has lost between half and two-thirds
[00:03:05] a of its supplies of critical offensive
[00:03:09] and uh defensive munitions,
[00:03:12] of tomahawk missiles, patriot pack th interceptors, that
[00:03:15] interceptors, these are
[00:03:17] a developments that have an impact not only with regard to this conflict, but
[00:03:21] also with regard to the strength the US military deterrant in Asia, in
[00:03:31] do is it fact that the US can
[00:03:34] you know continue this war at least on the military
[00:03:38] front indefinitely or you think that you
[00:03:41] within these constraints? no, no, I
[00:03:45] don't think I don't think that it's sustainable, I think that it
[00:03:49] can continue the blockade of Iranian ports for
[00:03:53] some period of time, but I think even
[00:03:56] in that um will be subject to a balancing test with... regard
[00:04:00] to the impact of that operation on US
[00:04:03] capabilities in
[00:04:05] in other theaters around the world and in particularly east
[00:04:08] Asia where the US presence has been weakened
[00:04:12] significantly by this conflict, there
[00:04:16] there is not currently a single US aircraft carrier
[00:04:20] strike group deployed anywhere in the Asia
[00:04:23] a Pacific Theater. That's a problem
[00:04:26] a when most
[00:04:27] of the American foreign policy establishment. focused on the
[00:04:30] long-term
[00:04:32] in a strategic competition with China
[00:04:36] a um and faces and the U.S. and its allies face other threats in the Asia
[00:04:40] Pacific region such as North
[00:04:42] of Korea, of this this is a
[00:04:46] situation that can continue for some time, it cannot continue
[00:04:49] indefinitely, and the options for a
[00:04:52] significant military
[00:04:54] a escalation such as the introduction of ground
[00:04:57] troops are limited by military. capabilities and they're
[00:05:01] limited by lack of
[00:05:02] of public
[00:05:05] a support. how pushed is donald trump
[00:05:08] knowing that he is losing support for the midterms?
[00:05:25] his rallies, um, he doesn't seem to believe that he's losing public
[00:05:28] support, uh, clearly he is, um,
[00:05:32] unlike in his first term, where uh, he seemed
[00:05:36] to retain a fairly diverse set of
[00:05:40] sources of information, uh,
[00:05:43] "he seems to be um locked inside bubble
[00:05:47] where people largely tell him what he wants to hear,
[00:05:51] uh, so um, I don't know how much of a surprise the midterm elections are
[00:05:55] going to be for the president, um, clearly when he wakes up on
[00:05:59] the morning of November 4th, um,
[00:06:02] if uh, the situation is as it seems to be at the
[00:06:06] moment, um, he's going to be dealing with very different political
[00:06:09] reality than the one that he's been uh living with." the past two
[00:06:13] years, so what if the republicans lose
[00:06:16] control of congress? in terms of an
[00:06:20] electoral setback, do you think that it could push
[00:06:24] Trump back to the diplomatic table, or
[00:06:28] you think that
[00:06:29] you know it could escalate the confrontation? there seem to be divided opinions on
[00:06:33] this, on which side do you, which side would you
[00:06:36] take? think in the
[00:06:40] short term, i think president Trump... instinct will be to
[00:06:44] rely more on his own authority, on executive power
[00:06:48] that does not uh require consultation and
[00:06:51] authorization from congress and that we could see in the short
[00:06:55] term a move toward
[00:06:58] escalation. in the long term, however, he's going to be dependent
[00:07:02] upon um the constraints and the the
[00:07:06] levels of funding that he gets from the congress
[00:07:09] and in terms the impact of
[00:07:12] republican uh loss in November, it's going to depend
[00:07:16] to a large extent on the magnitude of the loss.
[00:07:20] I i think most observers uh now assume
[00:07:24] that uh the Democrats will take control the House of
[00:07:27] Representatives, that's going to have major impact uh in
[00:07:30] terms of funding and in terms of
[00:07:33] oversight, but uh right now the the betting
[00:07:37] is that it's more likely than not that the Democrats will also take control
[00:07:41] the Senate. uh and that will put concrete constraints
[00:07:45] on uh President Trump's ability to uh
[00:07:48] staff his administration um to
[00:07:52] uh nominate federal judges
[00:07:55] uh and I think um if the
[00:07:58] magnitude the electoral loss for the Republicans is
[00:08:02] significant enough uh when combined with the fact that we're
[00:08:06] entering the last two years um the second term of a
[00:08:10] presidential administration where president Trump is
[00:08:14] 80 years old and not eligible to run for
[00:08:16] re-election, we may
[00:08:18] see his
[00:08:20] control of his own party start to slip and members
[00:08:24] the Republican minorities in Congress start to
[00:08:28] diverge from his policy
[00:08:30] agenda. um, is
[00:08:34] Washington pursuing a coherent end game
[00:08:38] with Iran in your opinion, you know, of course
[00:08:42] it's
[00:08:48] simple so yes, answer
[00:08:48] no, the simple,
[00:08:49] the is no, Washington was not pursuing a coherent start game, and it
[00:08:53] is not pursuing a coherent end game. I think President
[00:08:56] Trump would like to find um an exit strategy, I think
[00:09:00] that was the message that he was sending with the Islamabad memorandum
[00:09:04] of understanding, but it's
[00:09:08] become increasingly unclear what the
[00:09:11] substantive elements. of that strategy would be
[00:09:15] uh, there may be some additional um
[00:09:18] flexibility um in accepting
[00:09:22] uh unpopular terms uh after the mid-terms when there's not an immediate
[00:09:26] electoral consequence um but um as of
[00:09:29] now um they've they've tried a military
[00:09:33] solution that's failed um they've tried
[00:09:37] um I would say half-heartedly diplomatic route that's also
[00:09:41] failed uh and uh right
[00:09:44] now the the primary focus seems to be on economic
[00:09:47] pressure, which has the potential to have an
[00:09:51] impact, but will only work over the long
[00:09:53] term. US and
[00:09:57] Iran, do you think that there's a chance that that could
[00:10:00] also change after the
[00:10:02] midterms? you think that you know there would be
[00:10:06] reaction to whatever happens in the polls, you think that you
[00:10:10] know if if the the... there is the results are what we expect,
[00:10:14] there's going to be some kind of reaction as far as relationship between
[00:10:18] the current administration and netan
[00:10:28] uh, there there will be um, well, there there may
[00:10:31] potentially be a change of administration in Israel as well,
[00:10:35] so I think before we get to the US mid-terms, we have to see
[00:10:39] what the results the Israeli elections are,
[00:10:43] and what the approach the new
[00:10:47] Israeli government, if there is one will be,
[00:10:51] um, one the problems that we've been facing in this um
[00:10:55] electoral period is that the pre-electoral periods in
[00:10:58] Israel and the United States have overlapped and the interests
[00:11:02] of President Trump and President Netanyahu have
[00:11:06] diverged, President Trump has had an interest in
[00:11:09] deescalating and getting this conflict out the headlines and
[00:11:13] easing pressure on world energy markets and in attempt
[00:11:17] to bring down energy costs and
[00:11:21] inflation for American voters, whereas Prime Minister.
[00:11:25] Netanyahu has had an interest in escalating and
[00:11:28] highlighting um the direct threat to Israel an
[00:11:32] attempt to rally support for his own coalition um
[00:11:36] after the election uh those pressures will ease uh
[00:11:40] so um there there will be an
[00:11:42] opportunity uh for the two sides
[00:11:46] to try to harmonize their approaches again
[00:11:50] uh the problem is that um prime minister Netanyahu for
[00:11:54] number of has done tremendous damage
[00:11:58] to the image of Israel in the United States and I think we've seen
[00:12:01] that play out in the mid-term election
[00:12:05] campaign, and the the incoming congress I think is going to be much more
[00:12:09] skeptical, particularly if Mr. Netanyahu prevails and
[00:12:12] remains prime minister, is going to be much more skeptical of that
[00:12:30] you know, it's permanent suspension
[00:12:32] of labor certification applications for Microsoft, several
[00:12:36] major IT firms, while launching
[00:12:39] investigations into nine universities, what does
[00:12:43] this tell us about the administration's broader immigration
[00:12:47] strategy and you know how far could this crackdown
[00:12:51] really go in your opinion? well, I think with
[00:12:55] look at the the crackdown is what we're seeing in terms of larger us foreign policy in
[00:12:58] general uh, i would say this crackdown relates economic
[00:13:02] nationalism, what the the president trump is trying to move forward, what what he
[00:13:06] sees this is uh america first agenda which is we are prioritizing
[00:13:10] americans first uh that that
[00:13:14] largely said um there still hasn't been necessarily a
[00:13:17] correlation to show that uh that these number of Microsoft workers are
[00:13:21] taking American jobs, this is something the administration hasn't yet proven.
[00:13:25] um, but but more or less
[00:13:26] I think one the larger implications could be uh is that uh
[00:13:30] employers um and as well as those seeking employment
[00:13:34] in the United States would be dissuaded from uh attracting any kind of
[00:13:37] international talent to the United States uh which which has been
[00:13:41] a um
[00:13:44] uh huge um advantage to the United States for for many many decades
[00:13:48] now um so I think that's a major risk to to what's happening
[00:13:51] about on the part the Trump administration.
[00:13:56] Vice President GD Vans has also accused Microsoft
[00:14:00] of benefiting from thousands of H1
[00:14:03] visas, green cards while of course laying of
[00:14:07] American workers. How credible is the administrations
[00:14:11] argument that skilled workforce immigration programs are
[00:14:14] being used at the expense of US
[00:14:17] employees? Isn't it an age old
[00:14:24] an age-old argument. and again as i just said in my previous comment that this is
[00:14:27] something that the administration hasn't actually proven any causation
[00:14:31] between the the number of actual uh green card workers or
[00:14:35] those who come on visas and actually the and Microsoft and other companies laying
[00:14:39] Americans off. um another you another key question would
[00:14:42] be uh the the the level of skill set, I mean we we know that currently in
[00:14:46] the United States we we have a disunroment and
[00:14:49] universities uh across the country as the cost
[00:14:53] of um the cost of... um, universities have skyrocketed
[00:14:57] addition to the job market, even
[00:15:03] the uh in in technological skills have have also been declining because growth of AI, so I think this could be a
[00:15:07] major concern moving forward for for American
[00:15:11] companies as they seek to look for a tech
[00:15:13] talent. Microsoft says
[00:15:17] that about 80% of its H1B applications last
[00:15:21] physical year involved extending or changing the status. of
[00:15:25] existing employees, do you think that this complicates the administrations
[00:15:29] claim that companies are using these programs, to
[00:15:33] replace American workers if they're only
[00:15:35] you know changing them, for example?
[00:15:37] you know extending them or changing the status?
[00:15:41] well, again, I think it comes back to the idea that that facts matter here, this
[00:15:45] this particular instance, Microsoft is is making the case that
[00:15:49] uh that this isn't actually true, that they're just renewing visas, so they're making that clear
[00:15:53] distinction between you, renewing visas and bringing people back
[00:15:56] into uh to to work versus bringing
[00:16:00] people to work in the United States, so um so I definitely think it
[00:16:04] it it complicates the the narrative from from the current
[00:16:07] administration, definitely, but it, but does it
[00:16:11] also sort of allow them to to
[00:16:14] justify what what is happening as far as know
[00:16:18] Microsoft and these
[00:16:36] look at what what is said, in your opinion, this
[00:16:39] argument versus the fact that it's
[00:16:42] impacting citizens, how do you credit the
[00:16:45] situation, when we look at this
[00:16:47] crackdown? well, i
[00:16:51] think as as my colleague said, we see it
[00:16:55] as a part of a broader crackdown
[00:16:58] on immigration from all sources, um,
[00:17:02] that is not particularly data
[00:17:05] driven, um, there's "there is no
[00:17:08] evidence for the notion that the
[00:17:12] H1B program is diverting
[00:17:15] is is displacing large numbers
[00:17:18] of US born tech workers,
[00:17:22] and in fact this has been a major source of
[00:17:25] strength to the US economy, has been the ability to attract, and
[00:17:29] integrate and reward um talent from around the
[00:17:33] world. um, the president Trump a couple of weeks..."
[00:17:37] hosted uh Shin Ping um in Washington and he hosted
[00:17:41] a state dinner uh that included uh CEOs
[00:17:45] of uh tech companies uh and
[00:17:48] 80 to 90% them were foreign born were immigrants who
[00:17:52] themselves had uh come to the country through the
[00:17:54] H1B program um foreign born talent uh
[00:17:58] has been a source of US leadership on uh on
[00:18:02] AI and and other uh cutting edge uh
[00:18:05] tech
[00:18:11] not only cracking down on H1Bs but also on various
[00:18:15] forms of student visas on F1s on J1s on
[00:18:18] cutting back research funds from the federal government
[00:18:22] um it all is going to have a
[00:18:26] very harmful effect on the US economy and in the case of
[00:18:29] H1Bs uh given the fact that roughly 70%
[00:18:33] them come from India uh it's going to become irritant and
[00:18:37] that by lateral relationship as
[00:18:46] also investigating nine leading universities, including
[00:18:49] Harvard, Yale and Stanford over this alleged
[00:18:53] visa abuse and concerns about of course foreign influence as far
[00:18:57] as research particularly is concerned. Where should the
[00:19:01] government draw the line in your opinion between legitimate
[00:19:04] oversight and political interference in? these
[00:19:07] cases as far as particularly higher education is
[00:19:11] concerned? well, I think that's an excellent question, and I
[00:19:15] think having been a former USA, former
[00:19:19] foreign service officer who's managed US government funds and also has been also been in
[00:19:23] academia, I think it's particularly important to note that the government does have the right and we
[00:19:26] should be on the hook for how we spend US tax dollars, however on the other side
[00:19:30] of that there is such notion in this country and this is something that people come from all over the world to
[00:19:34] study here is that we have academic freedom as which the... comment um doesn't
[00:19:38] interfere and what we can research, especially on certain
[00:19:42] topics that that may be considered sensitive, but this isn't the
[00:19:46] case, this this
[00:19:47] is a growing concern that the administration is trying to impact or or or
[00:19:51] restrict what can be funded or researched, again
[00:19:55] understanding that there there are restrictions on how we can spend us
[00:19:59] tax pair of funds, but various critics have noted
[00:20:02] that there's this kind of dubious kind of connection to what the administrator says, the
[00:20:06] administration you know claims uh may infringe
[00:20:10] upon um spending spending taxpayer funds in
[00:20:14] responsible way and also uh letting academics and student
[00:20:17] researchers have uh political freedom or or or have uh freed academic
[00:20:21] freedom to be able to write about or do research on on these different
[00:20:25] topics so I think I think we're seeing we're seeing something that that that has been
[00:20:28] largely unprecedented um here
[00:20:31] in in the in in the United States where universities who um
[00:20:34] rely especially for certain research programs on federal
[00:20:38] funding either have to comply or they have to stop research, which is major
[00:20:42] disadvantage to the the American
[00:20:52] who come to study here are are it's a part of US soft
[00:20:55] power um US American education is a part of is huge part of
[00:20:59] that and those who are educated in the United States um
[00:21:03] they when they finish their education they go back to their native countries um and they take
[00:21:07] that experience and they take living
[00:21:08] in the United States and they take those relationships with them um and so
[00:21:12] when when we maline that relationship that we were mining these
[00:21:15] experiences uh we're really doing long-term harm to American interest
[00:21:19] and to the... american people moving
[00:21:31] what's happened as far as universities like Harvard, Yales,
[00:21:35] Stanford are concerned. Dr. Jared is right, in terms of
[00:21:38] image and what higher education stands for in the world, globally as far
[00:21:42] as US
[00:21:43] is concerned. earlier on we also saw,
[00:21:47] you know, what a year ago there was as far as the universities and and
[00:21:51] the current Donald administration seems to be a continuing kind
[00:21:54] of
[00:21:56] you know policy, is that correct? and and
[00:22:00] what do you think is behind this kind of
[00:22:03] an uprore that we see
[00:22:04] now? I think it
[00:22:08] has many elements. um, certainly um at the
[00:22:12] core of Donald Trump's political identity
[00:22:16] is restrictionist approach.
[00:22:20] immigration now that as as
[00:22:23] Jared said, when it comes to foreign
[00:22:26] students studying in the United States, that has negative
[00:22:30] impact on American soft power throughout the world, because
[00:22:34] many students from around the world come study in the United
[00:22:37] States, are become sympathetic to
[00:22:41] American values, to American culture, and then take that experience back
[00:22:45] home. It also has a direct impact on American hard
[00:22:48] power, um... because
[00:22:51] as as I mentioned earlier um many the foreign students who come here
[00:22:55] end up staying and end up contributing
[00:22:57] massively to America's
[00:23:00] technological development and economic development. um
[00:23:04] we we see the the CEOs of of Nvidia
[00:23:08] of Intel of SpaceX of Yahoo! I
[00:23:12] mean all foreign born um who brought their
[00:23:16] talents to the US from around the world uh so... that has
[00:23:20] an impact, but um, in terms of American
[00:23:23] politics, the the broader
[00:23:26] attitude of this administration toward higher
[00:23:30] education has um a
[00:23:34] bit of a darker aspect to it, which
[00:23:38] is that there has been a shift in electoral
[00:23:41] coalitions over the past several years,
[00:23:44] where the more education you have, the
[00:23:48] less likely you are to... support uh Donald Trump and his
[00:23:51] movement uh and uh that's a
[00:23:55] simple fact of electoral math uh there there was one um
[00:23:59] election night uh where uh Mr. Trump himself uh
[00:24:03] blurted out I love the poorly educated
[00:24:07] uh so there is a sense that uh the universities have
[00:24:10] become um a part of sort of a
[00:24:14] political infrastructure that is antithetical
[00:24:18] uh to uh Mr. Trump's ideological movement and
[00:24:22] so he has attacked them as such, that is
[00:24:26] not good for the future
[00:24:29] of the United States as as a nation, it's not good for
[00:24:33] future generations. If skilled
[00:24:37] professionals start looking beyond the United
[00:24:40] States, which as far as countries and regions in terms
[00:24:44] of which countries and regions are best position to
[00:24:47] benefit, Canada, European count. countries, China
[00:24:51] even, how do you look at it?
[00:24:54] well, Canada in the first instance, um,
[00:24:58] Europe and China certainly have the
[00:25:02] theoretical possibility to benefit, but I think in order for that
[00:25:06] to happen, there would need to be dramatic reforms to those
[00:25:09] countries immigration systems. I
[00:25:12] think, up until this current
[00:25:15] administration, it had largely been seen as a
[00:25:19] major source. of American
[00:25:22] strengthh in terms of economic
[00:25:25] competition with peers and near piers in Europe
[00:25:29] and China that unlike those
[00:25:32] countries which
[00:25:35] are are both facing similar demographic challenges from aging
[00:25:39] populations that the US maintained robust
[00:25:42] system of immigration that was able to integrate
[00:25:46] both high-end talent.
[00:25:50] uh to uh drive the cutting edges the economy
[00:25:53] technologically, um, but also uh
[00:25:57] labor uh that um our um
[00:26:01] social security system uh relies upon having
[00:26:05] a ratio of six active workers for every one
[00:26:08] retiree. um, if you stop
[00:26:10] immigration, that that ratio starts to fall
[00:26:14] and the the social welfare system becomes
[00:26:17] untenable over the long term, and I think we've seen versions of that in
[00:26:21] Europe and in China. Canada, I
[00:26:24] think, stands to benefit the most immediately in the short
[00:26:28] term, because Canada, like the United States, is nation of immigrants.
[00:26:32] and uh adheres to value system uh
[00:26:36] that uh is is fairly
[00:26:38] welcoming. in terms of
[00:26:42] you know the administration says that of course the measures are there to protect American
[00:26:46] jobs, critics warn of wider economic consequences.
[00:26:50] how can the United States enforce their immigration rules and
[00:26:54] prevent genuine abuses? also,
[00:26:56] you know, and of course the fact that they don't undermining the workforce needs,
[00:27:00] research ecosystem or... you think that the system at present
[00:27:04] is already well placed and
[00:27:07] you know can can is workable?
[00:27:11] well certainly in order to maintain confidence in the
[00:27:14] system you have to enforce the rules and you have to police
[00:27:18] abuses. i myself started my career
[00:27:22] in the
[00:27:22] in the US foreign service as as a visa officer
[00:27:25] in in what was then bombay and mumbai in
[00:27:29] India. there were certainly cases in which
[00:27:33] um Indian firms were taking advantage the H1B
[00:27:36] system, the L1 system, the J1 system in ways in
[00:27:40] which the program was not intended, but I think that's not what we're seeing in
[00:27:44] this current administration, what we're seeing is a calling into question
[00:27:48] the basic logic and strategic objectives these
[00:27:52] programs, when the administration
[00:27:56] tries to raise the the fee for applying
[00:28:00] for an H1 visa from few hundred dollars to
[00:28:04] 100 thous dollars, which has now been stopped in the
[00:28:07] courts, that is not a measure that's
[00:28:10] designed to police abuses the program, that's that's a measure that's
[00:28:14] designed to undermine the program as a whole, and I think that's
[00:28:18] what we're seeing with these latest measures as
[00:28:31] at what's happening as far as the US. is as far as this calling into
[00:28:34] question, the HP1 visas and the fact that
[00:28:38] youts own ramifications on the system currently in
[00:28:41] place and of course whether the system itself can
[00:28:45] be undermined completely like Paul said with the kind of
[00:28:48] measures that have been talked about and and
[00:28:52] you know even to an extent tried to be put in place, those are
[00:28:56] important questions that perhaps need to be addressed. thank you so much for joining
[00:28:59] us today on perspective.
[00:30:12] Hello and welcome, you're watching Pakistan TV, I am Ahmed Shah and these
[00:30:15] are the
[00:30:16] headlines.
[00:30:37] The President on the advice of Prime Minister Shaz Sharif imposes an emergency
[00:30:41] in Khair Pakhton Khan under article 232 and 234 the
[00:30:45] Constitution of Pakistan given the gravity of
[00:30:48] situation.