RTANEWS — broadcast
20260818 160000 UTC
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[00:01:00] In the name of God, the Great and Exalted. Dear viewers,
[00:01:03] welcome to the program Kavosh with me, Karim Allah Ibrahimi.
[00:01:07] Given the existing differences between Afghanistan and
[00:01:11] Pakistan, China is trying to use its close relations
[00:01:14] with both countries to pave the way
[00:01:17] for reducing tension and resuming talks between Kabul and
[00:01:21] Islamabad. China's special envoy for
[00:01:24] Afghanistan, in his recent trips to Turkey, Pakistan, and
[00:01:27] here in Afghanistan, has discussed with the officials of these three countries
[00:01:31] the improvement of relations and ways to resolve differences.
[00:01:35] The Islamic Emirate has also welcomed China's efforts to reduce tension
[00:01:38] and insists
[00:01:42] that dialogue and understanding are the best way
[00:01:45] to resolve differences. A few questions about
[00:01:49] this issue. To what extent can China's efforts to reduce tension between Afghanistan and
[00:01:52] Pakistan be effective? In addition
[00:01:56] to that, how can China, given its close relations with Afghanistan
[00:02:00] and Pakistan, provide a platform for dialogue and
[00:02:03] understanding between the two countries, and finally, given
[00:02:07] the historical roots of the differences between Afghanistan and
[00:02:10] Pakistan, will China's efforts alone be
[00:02:14] sufficient to resolve these differences? We will discuss
[00:02:17] all these issues here in the program. Fortunately, we are here
[00:02:21] in the studio with Mr.
[00:02:23] Sayed Jawad Hosseini, an expert in international relations,
[00:02:27] and next to him, Mr. Mayun Jurat Nuri,
[00:02:30] a political analyst who is here in the studio. Gentlemen, welcome
[00:02:34] to the program, and thank you for your efforts. Allow us, Mr. Hosseini,
[00:02:38] to start the discussion with you. How important are China's efforts
[00:02:41] from the perspective of international relations and good neighborliness, and
[00:02:45] how much praise do they deserve?
[00:02:48] In the name of God, the Great and Merciful. While extending
[00:02:51] greetings to you, wa alaikum assalam, and other staff,
[00:02:55] dear guests, and the noble nation
[00:02:57] of Afghanistan. You see that with
[00:03:01] regard to the political, economic, and
[00:03:04] security position that China has in the world, it is an influential
[00:03:08] country that can mediate
[00:03:11] between Afghanistan and Pakistan.
[00:03:15] It can play a positive role.
[00:03:19] However, unfortunately, in the past
[00:03:22] five years, one of the diplomatic crises
[00:03:26] of Afghanistan, which can be described as a crisis.
[00:03:33] As you know, the two countries have clashed many times,
[00:03:37] and there have been many demands from both sides, and this has turned
[00:03:40] into a major problem, a very big problem,
[00:03:44] between these two neighboring countries, two Muslim
[00:03:47] countries, and it is very necessary
[00:03:51] that these differences should be resolved through dialogue.
[00:03:54] Yes, yes, the people of Afghanistan and the people of Pakistan
[00:03:58] are not enemies of each other.
[00:04:01] They are neighbors, they are of the same religion and faith. We have
[00:04:04] historical relations at the popular level, and
[00:04:08] it is necessary that the governments, in every possible
[00:04:12] way, should resolve this big and devastating problem.
[00:04:16] And it is something that in these countries that
[00:04:19] can have an impact in this regard,
[00:04:22] it can play a role. Although in past
[00:04:26] years, some countries like the United Arab Emirates.
[00:04:34] However, unfortunately, a desirable result was not
[00:04:37] achieved. Exactly, Mr. Hosseini, the main point
[00:04:40] is that, especially China, if we remember,
[00:04:44] this is not the first time that China is ready to mediate between Afghanistan and
[00:04:48] Pakistan. It might be the second time, or even the third time,
[00:04:52] and after that, it will take such action.
[00:04:55] The main point is that it doesn't yield results. We, who have political
[00:04:59] and relational ties with countries and are committed
[00:05:02] to the principles of good neighborliness, and are ready for dialogue,
[00:05:05] have repeatedly announced from high-ranking officials.
[00:05:09] The point is that it doesn't yield results, and this
[00:05:42] in Pakistan, and also a country that is struggling
[00:05:45] with severe economic problems. Billions
[00:05:48] of dollars have been lost by Pakistan.
[00:05:52] Pakistan's transit relations
[00:05:56] with Central Asia have been cut off.
[00:05:59] The losses that Pakistanis
[00:06:03] have suffered from the border closures are very significant.
[00:06:06] On this side, Afghanistan has also suffered significant
[00:06:10] losses.
[00:06:23] that Pakistan should cease its excessive demands,
[00:06:26] and its illicit intentions and requests
[00:06:30] from Afghanistan, and on this side,
[00:06:32] Afghanistan should also try to tolerate
[00:06:35] the Pakistanis in cases where there might be
[00:06:39] a logical, reasonable, and
[00:06:42] documented request. Both
[00:06:45] these countries have suffered losses.
[00:06:49] Both countries have been harmed, and
[00:06:53] we hope that the statesmen have come to the conclusion
[00:06:56] that the existing differences. Stay safe.
[00:07:00] We will return. Mr. Nouri, what is your assessment
[00:07:03] and analysis? Do you think that China's mediation
[00:07:07] will be effective? In the name of God, the Most Gracious,
[00:07:09] the Most Merciful.
[00:11:55] that finally China mediates and becomes willing, because
[00:11:59] the tensions between Afghanistan and China
[00:12:02] should be resolved, and a groundwork should be laid for the continuation of benefits
[00:12:05] within Pakistan for China. You
[00:12:09] see that China has a very
[00:12:13] deep economic relationship with Pakistan,
[00:12:16] which is a historical relationship.
[00:12:20] It is a strategic relationship between China
[00:12:23] and Pakistan in economic matters. In security
[00:12:27] matters, China also has very warm
[00:12:30] relations with Pakistan. China has always tried
[00:12:34] to leverage its warm relations with Pakistan and
[00:12:38] prevent the influence of some extremist Islamic
[00:12:42] elements inside who can inflict harm
[00:12:46] and enter China. China should prevent
[00:12:50] these threats. Therefore, the priority
[00:12:53] is economics, and in the second stage, security is the issue.
[00:12:57] The relations between Pakistan and China are warm.
[00:13:00] China has significant interests in Pakistan. On the other
[00:13:04] hand, China also has significant interests in Afghanistan,
[00:13:07] including, especially in economic matters,
[00:13:10] Afghanistan is one of the very important
[00:13:14] consuming countries of Chinese products. You see
[00:13:17] that, given the goods that are relatively cheap and based
[00:13:21] on the preferences of traders, China produces
[00:13:24] for every country. In Afghanistan, Chinese
[00:13:27] goods are also in very high demand because they are relatively
[00:13:31] cheaper, and this is very important for China.
[00:13:35] On the other
[00:13:37] hand, the issue of security. Security
[00:13:41] in Afghanistan can have a direct impact on
[00:13:44] neighboring countries, on countries in the region, including China.
[00:13:48] Therefore, both countries are important
[00:13:51] to China, and on the other hand, China has good
[00:13:54] relations with both countries.
[00:13:57] With the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan,
[00:14:00] China's relations with Afghanistan have been very good
[00:14:03] in the past few years, and on the other hand,
[00:14:07] as I mentioned, it also has very warm
[00:14:10] and strategic
[00:14:13] It can play a positive
[00:14:16] role in this regard for negotiations.
[00:14:19] Of course, these are efforts that are being made.
[00:14:23] Whether these efforts will reach a desired
[00:14:26] result or not, we cannot predict
[00:14:30] exactly now, but the negotiations
[00:14:33] themselves are good, and that finally the problem
[00:14:37] of Afghanistan and Pakistan must be resolved,
[00:14:40] and the solution to the problems between the two countries
[00:14:44] can only be through diplomatic discussions
[00:14:47] and peaceful dialogues, and this is the only
[00:14:51] way that these two countries can solve their problems. Yes, Mr.
[00:14:55] Hosseini, now when you mentioned regional stability,
[00:14:58] and Mr. Nouri also mentioned it, regional stability can also
[00:15:02] destabilize the region. The main
[00:15:05] finger is often pointed
[00:15:08] at Pakistan, and here we have no problem
[00:15:11] and no tension stirred up from Afghanistan,
[00:15:14] especially the recent tensions between Afghanistan and Pakistan. Afghanistan
[00:15:18] has not created tension, it was not the main cause.
[00:15:21] This issue of regional instability that you mentioned as a threat
[00:15:25] to China, do you think that
[00:15:28] regional countries, including China, why don't
[00:15:31] they take such an approach from Pakistan seriously,
[00:15:35] at least in the past five years?
[00:16:07] There are a series of issues within Pakistan
[00:16:11] that Pakistan is unable to resolve.
[00:16:15] Perhaps a lot of casualties have been inflicted on Pakistan's
[00:16:18] security forces, but it has not been successful,
[00:16:22] for example, in resolving the Baloch issue, it has not been successful
[00:16:26] in resolving the Pakistani Taliban issue. There are other groups
[00:16:29] as well. The government
[00:16:31] of Pakistan is unable to provide
[00:16:35] adequate security internally.
[00:16:58] issues that are raised in the foreign policy of countries, when they face national
[00:17:01] problems, they try to mobilize public
[00:17:05] opinion and to appease public opinion
[00:17:08] and to boost the morale of their citizens by
[00:17:12] creating an external enemy for themselves
[00:17:15] and projecting their problems onto another country
[00:17:19] and accusing it of being the source of their problems,
[00:17:22] saying that we have no problems internally,
[00:17:25] everything comes from Afghanistan or an external country.
[00:17:28] These are mostly used to justify public opinion
[00:17:32] and mobilize public opinion. Mr. Nouri, if we continue
[00:17:35] this discussion, how much do you think Pakistan's excuses
[00:17:38] have become repetitive and tiresome? The excuses
[00:17:42] that we mentioned earlier, that it tries to connect
[00:17:46] its problems to other countries,
[00:17:49] while we see that all of them are far
[00:17:53] from reason and logic. Ibrahimi
[00:17:56] mentioned in international
[00:17:59] politics
[00:18:01] that it is an act of diversion.
[00:18:05] It is.
[00:21:50] The program time is short. If you answer, given the background of
[00:21:53] talks with Pakistan, it is seen that Pakistan,
[00:21:57] as we all know, prefers escape over stability.
[00:22:00] Do you think in direct talks
[00:22:03] Pakistan is really not good at it, or is it
[00:22:07] part of its policies to somehow deceive
[00:22:11] countries and policies? It's hard to believe
[00:22:13] that Pakistan's diplomacy
[00:22:15] also has a strong department
[00:22:19] in advancing foreign policies. But
[00:22:22] it is possible that their policies sometimes
[00:22:26] create situations where they make a mistake, as we say
[00:22:29] in common language.
[00:22:31] We hope
[00:22:34] that Pakistan will come to this conclusion.
[00:22:37] The situation in Afghanistan is becoming more and
[00:22:41] more different from the past.
[00:22:44] You see, there was a time when Afghanistan, especially
[00:22:47] in terms of transit routes,
[00:22:51] was almost 100% dependent on Pakistan.
[00:22:55] But you saw that alternative routes were created in past
[00:22:58] years. The Chabahar
[00:23:01] issue came up, alternative routes
[00:23:04] were created, and recently, the Wakhan
[00:23:08] road is about to be opened. To the extent that Pakistanis
[00:23:12] are negligent and do not solve their problems
[00:23:15] with Afghanistan, they will suffer
[00:23:18] more losses. The transit position
[00:23:22] that Pakistan previously had with Afghanistan, because of this
[00:23:25] dispute, alternative routes have now emerged
[00:23:28] that have significantly reduced Afghanistan's need,
[00:23:31] and this is not in the interest of Pakistan's national
[00:23:35] interests or Pakistan's economy. On this side, Afghanistan
[00:23:39] also wants to have good relations with Pakistan. We
[00:23:43] hope that both sides will show more flexibility,
[00:23:46] understand each other, and that we
[00:23:50] will witness a good
[00:23:53] outcome from the negotiations. Mr. Nouri, we have
[00:23:57] one minute left. If you can briefly answer,
[00:24:00] how effective will international pressures be on Pakistan,