TELEARUBA — broadcast
20261004 113000 UTC
414 transcript segments
Google Cloud Speech-to-Text API (Chirp) + Gemini 2.5 Flash Non-Thinking
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Machine transcription. Treat it as a searchable index of what was broadcast, not a verbatim quotation record.

[00:00:00] where she lived, a bomb fell. We are about to board this
[00:00:04] Mexican Air Force plane heading to Romania to
[00:00:07] get a complete picture. We are here as
[00:00:10] migrants to progress and help this country grow. There are great
[00:00:14] stories to learn and many perspectives to analyze.
[00:00:17] Perspectives with Mario González, Monday
[00:00:20] to Friday on
[00:00:22] CNN.
[00:00:43] food industry, not
[00:00:54] Hello, I'm Andres Openheimer. If you like our show today and want to recommend it to your
[00:00:57] friends, you can find it on the
[00:01:00] about an account that would YouTube channel "Openheimer Presenta".
[00:01:03] If you subscribe there, we will send you our shows
[00:01:07] humanity for free every week after they air on CNN and my columns. I'll be waiting for you.
[00:01:24] country, left at 9:30
[00:01:41] consequences. One of
[00:02:48] reflection. I invite you, as always, to
[00:03:21] settlement by which Meta, the parent company of Facebook and Instagram,
[00:03:25] committed to pay up to 18 million
[00:03:28] dollars to make changes in Instagram and Facebook to protect
[00:03:32] the mental health of minors. Will anything change
[00:03:36] now or not much at all? We are talking
[00:03:39] with Arturo Bejar, the former
[00:03:42] software engineer at Instagram, who was for years one of the
[00:03:46] people in charge of child protection on that social
[00:03:49] network and who testified for the prosecution of lawyers from 48
[00:03:53] states against the company. Let's continue with the interview. Eh
[00:03:57] Arturo, Facebook, Instagram, that is,
[00:04:00] Meta, agreed with the plaintiffs to make more
[00:04:04] tensions, because part of efforts to certify that minors under 13 years old do not
[00:04:07] join social networks. Now my question,
[00:04:10] as an engineer, you specialize in that, you have
[00:04:14] worked for years on that, can it be prevented that minors under 13
[00:04:18] years old join social
[00:04:20] networks by lying about their age or asking an older sibling or a older
[00:04:24] friend to open an account for them? That is, can
[00:04:28] these companies ensure that minors under 13 years old do not open
[00:04:30] accounts? Not only is it possible,
[00:04:34] but it's easy. When
[00:04:37] I worked for the company, one of my
[00:04:40] results, not efforts, and that is what responsibilities was all the systems for detecting
[00:04:44] fake accounts. People, and there are people
[00:04:47] all over the world who are very capable of trying to create
[00:04:51] accounts to be able to sell things, to be able to
[00:04:55] cause harm through these services. There are many, many people working on
[00:04:58] that. Yes. Systems have the ability to
[00:05:02] find the account that an 8, 9, 10-year-old
[00:05:05] boy or girl created. What hasn't
[00:05:09] existed is the will on the part of the company.
[00:05:12] ways to find them and also the will of governments to
[00:05:15] restrict them. So the agreement helps with that. The whole
[00:05:19] area of age verification is
[00:05:22] good, but in the end of the day, what each country
[00:05:26] should do is ask its young people, "Hey, do you have an
[00:05:30] Instagram account, do you have a TikTok account?" And if
[00:05:33] young people say yes, that should be the result
[00:05:37] on which the company and the agreement should focus,
[00:05:41] because it doesn't matter how many things they add
[00:05:45] while young people are still there. But you say that it would be technically easy
[00:05:48] to detect a fake account. How is that?
[00:05:52] Technically it's easy because when you see
[00:05:56] an account, whichever it is, the hours a
[00:05:59] day that it's using the service tell you a lot. Who the
[00:06:03] friends are tells you a lot. What the interests are tells you
[00:06:07] a lot. There are a series of things that you can observe
[00:06:12] help you find young people because those things are very
[00:06:16] similar among young people.
[00:06:18] Even I have done tests directly where I have created accounts and I have
[00:06:22] gotten in. It's sometimes as easy as looking for
[00:06:26] children who are talking about their birthday when they are turning 8 years
[00:06:29] old and they are putting on the screen their
[00:06:32] age number while singing a song.
[00:06:36] There they are, they are not hiding. They can be
[00:06:39] found and if an effective
[00:06:42] verification is desired, it is not about asking for more data or identities
[00:06:46] or anything. The company already has the
[00:06:48] information. It's about will and it's about
[00:06:53] the biggest concerns of many people is that this out-of-court
[00:06:56] settlement is an agreement between the plaintiffs and
[00:06:59] Meta, Instagram and Facebook, but it does not force other social networks to do the
[00:07:03] same. Won't this cause many
[00:07:06] minors to migrate from Instagram to other platforms or
[00:07:10] do you think something will happen with all social networks?
[00:07:14] I think there is an extraordinary moment right now created
[00:07:17] by this agreement and by the states of the United States and this
[00:07:21] legal process in which everyone in the world is asking the
[00:07:25] question, how can we take this
[00:07:28] and make it better? So I think there is a lot of pressure
[00:07:32] here. There is pressure in Europe, there is pressure in Mexico, there is pressure in
[00:07:35] England, because everyone realized that something that the
[00:07:39] company would never, ever have thought would happen, a reduction in
[00:07:43] time, is the new reality. At the same time, that's not
[00:07:46] enough. So I think we are at a moment where if the
[00:07:50] world follows up, ideally all platforms will be
[00:07:54] on par. Let's remember that for several weeks we have invited
[00:07:57] Meta, the parent company of Instagram and Facebook, to participate in today's
[00:08:01] program, but we did not receive an answer. Previously, Meta
[00:08:04] has denied that its platforms harm minors,
[00:08:08] and said that the agreement reached with the
[00:08:23] Cooper. CNN's best journalists share deeply documented
[00:08:27] stories.
[00:08:47] The full story with Anderson Cooper, tonight on
[00:08:51] CNN. You have 5 minutes. We have five
[00:08:54] things for you. A podcast with the five most
[00:08:58] important topics of the day. Just ask your smart device, give me
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[00:09:16] Subscribe to our newsletter. Listen to the five things you
[00:09:19] need to know throughout the day. I am
[00:09:23] Mexican-British. I have been practicing
[00:09:26] journalism for 20 years in Mexico City,
[00:09:30] in the United States and now in Miami for CNN. CNN
[00:09:34] America is a multi-platform program where you will
[00:09:37] have information from all fields that will allow you
[00:09:41] to understand the world from the angle you are seeing it from. In
[00:09:45] those 3 hours, you will not only have information from a
[00:09:48] political and economic
[00:09:51] field, but also health, from a women's
[00:09:55] perspective, but above all it is a space where we can have
[00:09:58] conversations, not to polarize, but to integrate
[00:10:00] society.
[00:10:03] What excites me the most is to inform, to inquire,
[00:10:07] to investigate the why of things, to get to the bottom of the
[00:10:10] facts. Here you will see what it does.
[00:11:45] by which Meta, the parent company of Facebook and Instagram,
[00:11:49] committed to pay up to 18 million
[00:11:51] dollars to make changes in Instagram and Facebook
[00:11:55] to protect the mental health of minors. Will anything change now
[00:11:59] or not much at all? We continue talking with
[00:12:02] Arturo Bejar, the former Instagram software
[00:12:06] engineer, who testified for the prosecution of lawyers from these
[00:12:09] 48 states against the company. Let's continue with the
[00:12:12] interview. Arturo, tell me a little about your personal story. You were born in Mexico,
[00:12:16] right? How did you get to Meta
[00:12:19] and how long did you work there? I was
[00:12:22] born in Mexico. I started working for IBM in Mexico City
[00:12:26] at 15 years old. Then,
[00:12:29] fortunately, I met one of the co-founders of Apple,
[00:12:32] Steve Wozniak, the other Steve, and thanks to
[00:12:36] him I was able to study in England where I continued working for
[00:12:39] IBM. After many years there, I ended up at
[00:12:43] Yahoo, when Yahoo was the largest internet company for many
[00:12:47] years, in charge of security and
[00:12:50] young people. From there, Meta recruited me in 2009
[00:12:53] as the person responsible for
[00:12:57] security, welfare, customer service. When
[00:13:00] I started, there were 250 million
[00:13:04] people, and when I left the first time in 2015, I was
[00:13:07] responsible for these issues for 1.2
[00:13:10] billion people with
[00:13:13] good results that first time I was
[00:13:16] there. What do you think governments should do? Should they do like
[00:13:20] Australia, which prohibits social networks for minors under 13 years old? To
[00:13:24] governments, I would say two things. The first and most
[00:13:27] important is that this is a public health
[00:13:30] problem and the first thing that needs to be done,
[00:13:33] besides anything else, is to use the
[00:13:37] tools of asking young people through surveys
[00:13:40] what their experience with these networks is, at what
[00:13:43] age they are using them, what harms they are experiencing
[00:13:47] so that any change can be measured by
[00:13:50] results, not by efforts. A series of requirements
[00:13:53] should be put in place, whether it's
[00:13:57] security requirements that should be able to be
[00:14:01] independently verified, and if they are not
[00:14:03] willing to meet these requirements, they should be removed from young
[00:14:07] people. I mean, there's a world where I feel that what
[00:14:10] Australia is doing is incredibly valuable because at the end of the
[00:14:13] day, the worst hook these products have is that all
[00:14:17] your friends are there, and if only your friends were
[00:14:21] there, it would be fine, whatever happens when you're with your
[00:14:24] friends. But with that hook, they
[00:14:27] inject you with content from strangers, contact from
[00:14:30] strangers, terrible ideas,
[00:14:34] and children have to expose
[00:14:37] themselves to that to be there with their friends. While
[00:14:41] that has been the truth, well, if the age is raised, you remove the
[00:14:44] hook and there is an opportunity for new products that are
[00:14:47] designed for the well-being of young people. But
[00:14:51] if not, the tools that the government has, whether it's raising
[00:14:55] the age, changing the ways these products
[00:14:59] are designed, all that work should always be
[00:15:02] driven by
[00:15:05] is most lacking in the world right now. So there should be
[00:15:09] state controls. I believe there should be state controls, there
[00:15:12] should be state measures to know the harms that young people are experiencing
[00:15:16] in each state and that these data should
[00:15:20] guide how effective the changes the company is making
[00:15:24] and the changes the governments are requesting or the
[00:15:27] lawsuits are. Let's remember that for several weeks we have invited Meta,
[00:15:30] the parent company of Instagram and Facebook, to participate in today's program,
[00:15:34] but we did not receive a response. Previously, Meta has denied that its
[00:15:38] platforms harm minors and said that the agreement
[00:15:41] reached with the plaintiffs does not imply
[00:15:47] panic over a potential catastrophe caused by
[00:15:51] uncontrolled artificial intelligence. Is the end of the
[00:15:54] world coming or not? Don't
[00:16:08] There are not many places in the world that have
[00:16:11] the quality, the stability, and the size of opportunity that Latin America has in
[00:16:15] terms of doubling a business, of quintupling, or multiplying by
[00:16:18] 10. Many people talk about Latin America as if Latin America were one country or one
[00:16:22] region, and in reality, Latin America is the combination of many, many countries, more than
[00:16:25] 20, that have different cultures, different rules of the game,
[00:16:29] different infrastructure, a financial service that operates with different rules. So the ability
[00:16:33] to understand it, adapt it, deal with that volatility, I think, is a unique
[00:16:37] asset that
[00:16:38] Mercado Libre has.
[00:16:42] And the playbook for a CEO who wants to see Latin America has to be what
[00:16:46] I believe to be a CEO in Latin America you have to have flexibility,
[00:16:50] adaptability, a long-term vision, and think about what is right for users in
[00:16:53] 10 years. Above all, you have to know how to take risks and adapt to contexts that are
[00:16:57] changing.
[00:16:59] cambiantes.
[00:18:06] Life was born in the sea. The ocean is the
[00:18:10] sustenance of our life. The
[00:18:12] oceans really generate more oxygen many times than
[00:18:16] the forests themselves. The important thing here in the Amazon is the
[00:18:20] water.
[00:18:24] These trees are going to harvest water, generating
[00:18:27] new rivers, generating
[00:18:29] lakes. This responsibility to take care of this simple
[00:18:33] home is
[00:18:34] everyone's.
[00:18:37] We live on a beautiful planet, we have to
[00:18:40] keep it alive. From any aspect of
[00:18:44] society, everyone has a voice to give and something to contribute,
[00:18:48] right? And we are all capable of taking small actions. We can no
[00:18:52] longer keep talking, talking, talking. It's time to
[00:18:55] act. Put on your superhero suit and start
[00:18:58] doing something
[00:18:59] today.
[00:19:13] In that setting of objectives and
[00:19:16] relationships, we must maintain
[00:19:20] everything that has been achieved. Let's not talk about other chapters such as
[00:19:23] equality between men and women, such as working
[00:19:26] conditions, such as the distribution of wealth, which is one
[00:19:30] of the problems that globalization has had. That is to say, well,
[00:19:34] you have to be thinking about a distribution of wealth
[00:19:38] that works and does not create
[00:19:42] the tension and we no longer have time for that of
[00:19:45] recent times is very, very based on
[00:19:49] that tension produced by the global economy.
[00:20:04] Hello, I'm Andres Openheimer. If you like our show today, recommend it to your
[00:20:08] friends. You can find it on my YouTube channel, Openheimer
[00:20:11] Presenta.
[00:20:14] If you register there, we will send you our programs for free every week after they
[00:20:18] air on CNN and my columns. I'll
[00:20:21] be waiting for you.
[00:20:24] My name is Jimena de la Quintana. I am a CNN correspondent in Peru.
[00:20:27] Peru has gone through several political and
[00:20:30] social crises. I have had to be in the streets covering each of them in recent
[00:20:34] years, and on several occasions people
[00:20:38] have surrounded us to hear what we were reporting, because as they
[00:20:41] say, they want to make sure that we report the truth. People don't
[00:20:45] trust, and although journalists are always exposed to criticism,
[00:20:48] our work, I believe, is increasingly scrutinized. We have a great
[00:20:52] responsibility.
[00:20:58] We are CNN, the world leader in news.
[00:21:36] The need to migrate knows no age. Many
[00:21:40] say they want to reach Mexico City, but others seek
[00:21:43] to go further
[00:21:44] north.
[00:21:48] The drone counter-battery of the Mexican army consists of this
[00:21:52] type of element of inhibitors to bring down drones
[00:21:55] that have become a threat. The
[00:21:58] Chiapas authorities have detected a cattle smuggling
[00:22:01] point. This is one of the illegal crossing
[00:22:05] points for cattle going from Central America to
[00:22:08] Mexico. Thousands of protesters, workers from this
[00:22:14] in the morning from the Angel of Independence. I am in
[00:22:17] the municipality of Teuchitlán in the state of Jalisco.
[00:22:21] Here the discovery was macabre by collectives
[00:22:23] of people searching for missing persons. What made you
[00:22:27] come here with the suspicion that your son might be on this
[00:22:31] ranch?
[00:22:37] Thank you for staying with
[00:22:41] us. Is the end of the world coming? The
[00:22:45] warnings from several executives of leading artificial intelligence
[00:22:48] companies that artificial intelligence can get out of control
[00:22:52] and end humanity, as you know, sparked a
[00:22:56] wave of panic around the world in recent
[00:22:59] weeks. These fears are not new, but they intensified in
[00:23:02] July when an experimental model from OpenAI, the
[00:23:06] parent company of ChatGPT, escaped its
[00:23:09] controls and hacked the technology company Hugging
[00:23:13] Face. OpenAI acknowledged the incident,
[00:23:17] said it would strengthen its security, but then
[00:23:20] the panic increased when an employee of
[00:23:24] Anthropic at that time, Jacob
[00:23:26] Cox, resigned his position,
[00:23:30] citing fears that the artificial intelligence industry is in a
[00:23:33] race towards super intelligence and that this
[00:23:37] could put or will put our lives at
[00:23:40] risk. And Cox said on social media
[00:23:43] that artificial intelligence, quote, could
[00:23:47] kill us all before the end of this
[00:23:50] decade. End quote. And a few days later, the
[00:23:54] CEO of Anthropic himself, Dario
[00:23:56] Amodei, published an essay where he partly shared
[00:24:00] these fears and proposed an agreement
[00:24:03] for leading companies in this artificial intelligence
[00:24:07] industry to slow down the development of artificial
[00:24:11] intelligence and submit to external auditors
[00:24:14] to verify the security of their models
[00:24:17] before launching them to the market. Since then, the
[00:24:21] topic has been on the front pages worldwide. Last week,
[00:24:24] during the sessions of the UN General Assembly, 22
[00:24:28] countries led by Finland signed a
[00:24:31] declaration demanding that artificial intelligence remain under
[00:24:35] human control and suggesting the creation of an
[00:24:37] international body to oversee it. But
[00:24:41] President Trump, in his speech to the UN General
[00:24:44] Assembly, said that all these apocalyptic fears are a
[00:24:48] farce. The United States will maintain its technological
[00:24:52] leadership and will not allow any global institution to place
[00:24:56] restrictions on it.
[00:24:58] Who is right? Some critics of Amodei's
[00:25:01] proposal and others to
[00:25:04] slow down the pace of artificial intelligence
[00:25:07] advance say that these companies are doing it in
[00:25:11] their own self-interest. They say that Anthropic and OpenAI,
[00:25:14] the two leading companies in artificial
[00:25:17] intelligence, are promoting global
[00:25:21] alarm in order to sign an agreement
[00:25:24] that freezes the race in its current state and
[00:25:28] closes the door to smaller competitors who
[00:25:31] are behind. And they also
[00:25:35] say that Anthropic and OpenAI are doing all this for public
[00:25:38] relations to increase their popularity at a time
[00:25:41] when they are preparing to go public and perhaps obtain a record
[00:25:45] of investments. But these arguments are not very
[00:25:49] convincing because, for example, Trump has
[00:25:52] political motives to oppose an agreement to slow down the
[00:25:55] pace of this technology's advancement, because a halt
[00:25:58] to this industry could crash the stock market,
[00:26:02] and that would be a severe blow to his presidency at a time when
[00:26:06] he is low in the polls precisely due to the
[00:26:09] economy. And as for the argument
[00:26:12] that the CEOs of Anthropic and
[00:26:15] OpenAI are only seeking to increase the value of their shares
[00:26:19] before going public, that doesn't
[00:26:22] convince me much either, because the truth is that both of them had already been making these
[00:26:25] warnings long before they were in their current
[00:26:29] companies and positions.
[00:26:31] So, I don't take their warnings
[00:26:35] about the dangers of unregulated
[00:26:38] artificial intelligence lightly. After all, we already regulate
[00:26:42] the airplane industry, the car industry, the
[00:26:45] to mention atomic energy. It's a bit ridiculous that a
[00:26:49] new model of an airplane or a car has to go through
[00:26:53] dozens of safety tests, but a
[00:26:56] new artificial intelligence model doesn't have to
[00:26:59] do so. My only reservation about
[00:27:02] all these warnings is that the
[00:27:06] debate about a possible extinction of is
[00:27:10] eclipsing another debate, equally
[00:27:13] or more necessary,
[00:27:16] the debate about the danger of artificial
[00:27:19] intelligence doing more and more things for us
[00:27:23] and, without us realizing it, gradually
[00:27:27] atrophying us. It's no joke,
[00:27:30] look, students are copying and pasting their school
[00:27:34] assignments from ChatGPT. They
[00:27:37] are not using their heads as much as before, and we, adults,
[00:27:40] increasingly let artificial intelligence
[00:27:44] platforms write our work memos, our emails,
[00:27:48] among many other things. When
[00:27:51] we drive our cars, we no longer think about where
[00:27:55] to go, but let the GPS guide us. There is a
[00:27:59] supermarket in Miami where the carts take you directly
[00:28:02] to where the milk and fruit are. We no longer have to use our heads for that.
[00:28:06] So my conclusion is that
[00:28:09] yes, we must take seriously the
[00:28:12] warnings about the dangers of artificial
[00:28:16] intelligence getting out of control,
[00:28:18] and we must put controls on it, just as we do with
[00:28:22] airplanes or cars or restaurants. But
[00:28:26] perhaps a more real and immediate danger that is already occurring in front
[00:28:29] of our eyes is the gradual loss of our
[00:28:33] ability to think. As others have
[00:28:36] already said, the most imminent
[00:28:38] danger is not the rapid advancement of artificial
[00:28:42] intelligence, but the rapid advancement of human
[00:28:45] stupidity. Well, I'll leave it there for today with that
[00:28:51] register for free on my YouTube channel (Openheimer Presenta).
[00:28:55] There you will be able to see the most recent CNN programs, my comments and columns,
[00:28:59] and follow me on my social networks. Thank you, until next
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[00:30:39] Hello, how are you? I'm José Antonio Montenegro and this is Globo Economía.
[00:30:42] Today, dedicating our time to the US
[00:30:46] economy, to what lies ahead, to what is on
[00:30:50] the horizon, many self-inflicted
[00:30:53] problems and many
[00:30:56] gratuitous problems due to the country's administration that do not.