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20261011 200000 UTC
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[00:00:07] progressive positions. I wouldn't
[00:00:34] us how after more than a decade of
[00:00:37] mobilizations and demands for justice from the
[00:00:40] families, the case of the 43 disappeared Ayotzinapa students
[00:00:44] remains unresolved. In this
[00:00:47] episode, the lack of answers from the administration
[00:00:51] of Enrique Peña Nieto and the alleged complicity of the
[00:00:55] in his mass, the axis of army are analyzed, offering also the fundamental
[00:00:58] keys to understanding how the events occurred.
[00:01:01] Join me.
[00:01:07] They took them alive and we want them back alive, that is the demand that for
[00:01:10] 12 years has been made to the Mexican state for the 43
[00:01:14] disappeared students of Ayotzinapa, a state
[00:01:18] try to disrupt the crime perpetrated during the last PRI government of Enrique Peña
[00:01:22] Nieto. Today, under the progressive government of Claudia
[00:01:26] Israel, an entity with Sheinbaum, the demand remains. To understand the
[00:01:28] designation of Guerrero
[00:01:31] that will try to as the epicenter of this horror, which, by the way, would last much
[00:01:34] longer even than that of the Latin American military
[00:01:36] dictatorships, one must see what lies literally
[00:01:39] beneath its
[00:01:42] soil. In Guerrero's so-called gold belt, the largest reserve of
[00:01:46] gold is concentrated, but also silver, copper, zinc and iron in the
[00:01:50] country, making it a key piece for mining
[00:01:54] that she never expected exploitation, especially foreign. But not only that, due to its climate and fertile
[00:01:58] lands, it consolidated also as the cradle of poppy
[00:02:02] cultivation, originally incentivized by the United States to
[00:02:06] supply morphine to its soldiers in the Second World
[00:02:09] War and then to feed the drug trafficking that
[00:02:12] they themselves would administer. Thus,
[00:02:15] two of the powers are left on the table, without which it is impossible
[00:02:19] to understand the 2014 crime: the
[00:02:22] economic power of the mining companies and the American
[00:02:25] empire with its drug trafficking, its territorial
[00:02:28] dominance and its military control
[00:02:31] over Mexico. With this, we move to September
[00:02:35] 26, 2014. Six
[00:02:37] days before October 2, the date on which the
[00:02:41] Tlatelolco massacre of 1968 is
[00:02:43] commemorated, when the PRIist
[00:02:47] army, under US directive, murdered hundreds of young
[00:02:51] people at a student rally. To attend the
[00:02:53] annual march, the Ayotzinapa students took, that is,
[00:02:57] temporarily occupied, five buses
[00:03:00] to travel to Mexico City. But at
[00:03:04] 9 p.m., after the routes were diverted due to driver
[00:03:06] confusion, municipal and state agents
[00:03:10] ambushed both caravans. Against the
[00:03:13] first, they shot to kill, murdering one
[00:03:16] student and leaving another in a coma. When
[00:03:20] we see the buses, the shots were at the windows,
[00:03:23] including the middle part of the bus, which
[00:03:27] already indicates that they shot the boys to kill them, the
[00:03:31] shot was not to warn them, but it was from
[00:03:34] the second caravan that the 43 disappeared.
[00:03:37] 43, esos
[00:03:39] multiplatform offers you. Those remaining buses were
[00:03:41] simultaneously intercepted, one in front of the local
[00:03:44] Palace of Justice, from which 28 students were kidnapped and
[00:03:48] disappeared, and the other heading towards the municipality of
[00:03:52] Huitzuco, where agents blocked their way to kidnap
[00:03:56] customs, what we share about 15 students who would then become part of the
[00:04:01] group. Today we know that they were taken to the Barandilla police station
[00:04:04] to be tortured under the command of municipal judge Ulises
[00:04:08] Bernabé Resendis, now a fugitive in the United States,
[00:04:11] by the way. This is where the key angle emerges: among the
[00:04:15] students kidnapped and tortured by the police was
[00:04:18] also Julio César López, an army
[00:04:21] infiltrator, with the task of reporting insurgent
[00:04:25] activity among the students and who, before
[00:04:28] being disappeared, was reporting minute by minute
[00:04:32] to the army, an agency that, we can therefore
[00:04:35] affirm, allowed, monitored and protected the
[00:04:40] any surprises, right? The development of the crime. It is not only that, after the attacks, the students from the first
[00:04:44] caravan of three buses would hold an impromptu
[00:04:48] defined solutions, while the press conference at the scene to denounce what happened to local reporters, it is
[00:04:52] during the press conference that members of the Guerreros Unidos
[00:04:56] cartel, guarded by the municipal police, burst in,
[00:04:59] kidnapping one of the students, Julio César
[00:05:03] Mondragón, who would appear the next morning
[00:05:06] skinned. The army, present at the
[00:05:09] press conference, and inert in the face of this crime
[00:05:13] by drug traffickers and the police before their
[00:05:17] eyes, it is not surprising therefore that it was discovered
[00:05:20] that even before these events, the army had been
[00:05:23] selling weapons and training the hitmen
[00:05:27] of Guerreros Unidos, but that was not all, the one who
[00:05:31] was above the Mexican army, even
[00:05:34] monitoring the crime for any reason in real
[00:05:36] time, was the
[00:05:39] DEA, but the crime did not end there,
[00:05:42] it was consolidated with the crude cover-up by President
[00:05:46] Enrique Peña Nieto and his cabinet, who would fabricate
[00:05:49] the so-called historical truth to try to silence the
[00:05:52] clamor for justice, they would fabricate culprits
[00:05:56] based on torture, arresting alleged members of Guerreros Unidos
[00:06:00] who claimed to have executed the students that the municipal
[00:06:02] police would have handed over, incinerating
[00:06:05] them in a landfill, an absolute lie that they would
[00:06:08] also seek to solidify with the sudden appearance of the remains of
[00:06:12] one of the 43 near an army barracks,
[00:06:16] a body planted by the Mexican government that had
[00:06:19] it, we can assume because they committed the crime.
[00:06:23] This fabrication would be orchestrated by the director of the
[00:06:26] extinct criminal investigation agency , Tomason, who in
[00:06:30] 2019, faced with López Obrador's accusations,
[00:06:34] would flee, protected, to where? To
[00:06:38] which Enrique Peña Nieto's government would have cultivated the closest
[00:06:42] relationship, turning Mexico into the number one buyer
[00:06:46] of Pegasus, used above all to spy on and
[00:06:50] intimidate the families precisely of the
[00:06:53] 43 disappeared
[00:06:56] people. Thus, today, under the second Morena government, those who
[00:06:59] promised to do justice for Ayotzinapa,
[00:07:02] announce a wrongly called new line of
[00:07:05] investigation. Cells of Guerreros Unidos, colluding with
[00:07:09] local authorities, would have supposedly used
[00:07:12] crematories of private funeral homes in Iguala and
[00:07:15] Tepecoaquilco, immediately after the disappearance of the
[00:07:19] 43, alleging that they would have
[00:07:21] incinerated their remains there. This is
[00:07:24] something that is not supported by forensic evidence yet. Likewise,
[00:07:28] they point out that municipal and state police,
[00:07:32] Guerreros Unidos, and members of the army would have been
[00:07:35] using the students' cell phones after disappearing
[00:07:38] them to communicate with each other and also to
[00:07:42] identify the family members who were asking about them,
[00:07:45] to then intimidate them. But although
[00:07:48] Morena, it is true, has imprisoned the prosecutor of the
[00:07:52] historical truth, Murillo Karam, the former mayor of
[00:07:55] Iguala, Ángel Aguirre, and 17 soldiers,
[00:07:58] the underlying narrative has not moved
[00:08:01] from the initial cover-up. It was not the
[00:08:05] army, the soldiers involved would have acted
[00:08:08] on their own. That is why today, 12 years
[00:08:13] later, we continue to say: They took them alive and we want them back alive.
[00:08:40] Join the WhatsApp channel
[00:08:43] and receive the most relevant news and analysis from Latin America
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[00:08:53] 24
[00:20:09] And to close this edition of Mundo Podcast, Juan Carlos
[00:20:13] Monedero analyzes the growing wave of protests and encampments
[00:20:17] in Spain for access to decent housing. The political
[00:20:20] scientist examines whether these demonstrations
[00:20:23] represent a new citizen movement similar to what happened on
[00:20:27] May 11, 2011, or if, on the contrary, they respond
[00:20:31] to a different structural crisis, breaking down the
[00:20:34] impact of real estate speculation.
[00:20:50] ideological positions, that is, there is a rightward shift in Latin America while Europe recovers
[00:20:53] mientras Europa recupera
[00:20:57] dare to say that much, although what does seem to be a
[00:21:00] reality is that our countries and our continents
[00:21:04] are in dispute, because when the right wins, its
[00:21:07] policies lead people to the streets, they are not capable of
[00:21:11] managing for the whole population and when the left governs, national,
[00:21:14] international, media and financial pressure
[00:21:18] enormously hinders political management, Trump's entourage, the DEA, cocaine
[00:21:22] trafficking and President Rodrigo Path's government, when, as I said,
[00:21:25] we were still assimilating that new twist, we know about the assassination in
[00:21:29] Ecuador of the prosecutor who was also investigating the links of the United
[00:21:33] States with drug trafficking in the Cerivedo case. However,
[00:21:37] from Europe and more specifically from Spain, good
[00:21:41] news is coming for the emancipatory spirit. The trigger
[00:21:44] has been, on the one hand, the eviction from her home in Madrid of Mari Carmen, an
[00:21:48] 87-year-old sick woman, evicted by a
[00:21:52] vulture fund, which has caused enormous social
[00:21:55] indignation, being confronted by
[00:21:58] hundreds of people, that eviction, which was faced
[00:22:02] by the riot police who carried out the eviction of the
[00:22:05] elderly woman from the house where she had lived all her life, and which
[00:22:09] also, due to that contradictory morbid curiosity of the media, was
[00:22:13] broadcast live, which multiplied the indignation.
[00:22:16] Furthermore, another ingredient not minor could not be
[00:22:20] missing. In the same city where Mari Carmen was being evicted,
[00:22:23] Isabel Díaz Ayuso governs, who represents the most
[00:22:27] right-wing wing of the right-wing Popular Party, which is also
[00:22:30] in competition with Vox and is moving further and further to the
[00:22:34] right. But it turns out that the president of the
[00:22:37] Community of Madrid has been in the news for several months, that is,
[00:22:41] having to answer for something
[00:22:44] to be known, that she had bought, with money from all
[00:22:47] Madrileños, a penthouse in an
[00:22:51] expensive neighborhood in Madrid, and what a coincidence, in front of where
[00:22:54] her mother lives. So, at the same time that a vulture
[00:22:58] fund evicted an elderly woman from her home, just like six or seven people every
[00:23:02] day in Madrid, President Díaz Ayuso bought for
[00:23:05] her personal use a home of 6.3 million euros, that
[00:23:09] is, more than 7 million dollars. They tried to give
[00:23:12] explanations when the operation was discovered,
[00:23:15] but they ended up complicating everything because the regional government initially
[00:23:19] justified that they had acquired
[00:23:22] that 485 m2 home in the Chamberí
[00:23:26] neighborhood as a temporary office, an office
[00:23:29] for the president. However, urban planning regulations
[00:23:33] and the building's license establish that its use is
[00:23:36] strictly residential, that is, for living, which legally
[00:23:39] prevented it from being transformed into offices. A
[00:23:42] lie, that expenditure on a $7 million home
[00:23:46] mixed with lies, while the
[00:23:49] president reminded that Mary Carmen was being evicted,
[00:23:52] those daily families in Madrid, well,
[00:23:56] it seemed too much to many people, and hundreds of thousands of people have
[00:24:00] taken to the streets, especially in Madrid, but throughout
[00:24:03] Spain, where they have camped with tents in Madrid in the Puerta
[00:24:07] del Sol, in front of the headquarters of the Community of Madrid
[00:24:10] government, but it is spreading through the surrounding
[00:24:13] streets. 15 years ago there was a movement that everyone
[00:24:16] remembers today, the 15M, the 15th of May.
[00:24:20] The housing encampments are more like a riot, a disturbance,
[00:24:23] which is also very typical of Spain, with uprisings
[00:24:27] caused by something that stirs up citizens, but which
[00:24:31] once resolved, deactivates. The
[00:24:34] truth is that the issue of housing is not resolved so
[00:24:37] simply, because it is structural, it affects the whole economy, so its
[00:24:41] solution affects the financial system, foreign
[00:24:44] investment, and a not small part of Spaniards who
[00:24:47] have a second home rented. and who benefit disproportionately
[00:24:51] from the brutal increase in housing
[00:24:54] prices, from the speculation of vulture funds,
[00:24:58] from people who have come from outside to buy almost
[00:25:01] entire neighborhoods, greatly increasing housing prices, also from tourist
[00:25:05] flats that end up expelling residents
[00:25:09] from our neighborhoods, who are replaced by tourists
[00:25:13] who live with other tourists because there are no longer
[00:25:16] neighbors, right? And in the end, countries
[00:25:18] become theme
[00:25:22] parks of themselves, with the same shops, the same
[00:25:25] consumption and without
[00:25:30] 15M movement of the indignant was a constituent
[00:25:33] movement that thought of abstract, poorly
[00:25:38] encampment movement, which has been promoted by an organization, the
[00:25:42] Tenants' Union, which has been working for several years, has a more
[00:25:46] constituent motivation, to solve the problem of...
[00:25:50] However, the encampments, as usually happens, have taken on a life of their own and
[00:25:54] are growing daily without a predictable course, with other political
[00:25:58] actors emerging who are becoming strong, such as the Socialist
[00:26:01] Youth Coordinator, who can help structure the protests,
[00:26:05] but beware, they can also drown the movement.
[00:26:08] In the 15M, it was understood that no political party or
[00:26:12] formation should appropriate the movement because it broke
[00:26:15] that openness and plurality that gave it so much life. Podemos was not born until three years later
[00:26:19] when the movement was in a phase of weakening,
[00:26:22] as I said,
[00:26:24] that usurpation by a political force
[00:26:28] of the movement happens with the housing encampments, it is
[00:26:31] very probable. It is probable that the squares will
[00:26:34] end up emptying, although it is also
[00:26:37] very difficult for the demands for decent housing to dissipate,
[00:26:41] because that is the task of the call for a general housing strike that they are already
[00:26:45] considering, even the main class unions in
[00:26:48] Spain, which are the ones that can call a general strike,
[00:26:52] in short, as I said, if Jaluque Melenson won with France
[00:26:57] European politics would change, and in that sense, the streets full of people
[00:27:01] protesting in Spain and demanding an end to speculation and
[00:27:05] rentism, with housing being a school of citizenship with
[00:27:08] unpredictable but very hopeful results. Even more so
[00:27:12] when these young people have not been afraid to face the police
[00:27:16] or the fascist provocateurs who go to the camps to
[00:27:20] movement. It is a spectacular school of
[00:27:23] citizenship, things are moving,
[00:27:27] and as we said, our countries are in dispute and real disputes
[00:27:31] are taking place in the streets