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20260915 093000 UTC
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[00:00:00] pull of through
[00:00:00] communities and
[00:00:04] settle where we call
[00:00:07] of
[00:00:09] of home
[00:00:10] of and here is where the world becomes
[00:00:13] personal.
[00:00:20] a
[00:00:25] a
[00:00:37] This was Jamaica in October 2025 after
[00:00:40] Hurricane Melissa slammed into the
[00:00:43] in Caribbean Island with sustained winds of nearly 300
[00:00:46] km per hour. I don't know how
[00:00:48] of any of us going to manage how we're going to recuperate from this. This town
[00:00:52] Black River like many others was devastated. Melissa
[00:00:56] caused an estimated 8.8 billion dollars in direct. damage
[00:01:00] that's equivalent to around
[00:01:02] in 41% of Jamaica's GDP. The international monetary fund
[00:01:06] projected public debt would rise from
[00:01:09] in 62.4% to 68.6% of GDP,
[00:01:13] showing how one climate intensified disaster can begin
[00:01:16] reversing years of economic progress. So on this episode
[00:01:20] we'll talk about debt, what it is, how it accumulates and
[00:01:24] what happens when the climate crisis is added to the bill.
[00:01:28] Jamaica has over 30. in long, painful
[00:01:31] years
[00:01:33] in corrected its fiscal indiscipline
[00:01:34] of the past. we don't come as some as nation
[00:01:38] of that has not acknowledged its own mistakes, 30, 40, 50 years
[00:01:42] a ago in its own development journey. we corrected lot of that, but
[00:01:46] to have quite a bit of that success wiped
[00:01:50] a out
[00:01:51] in a single 24-hour period by a
[00:01:54] of storm that was
[00:01:55] a stronger, lasted
[00:01:56] a longer, came a time of year that is unusual. and
[00:02:00] brought more rain than is usual,
[00:02:03] in because
[00:02:03] of the actions of others, is
[00:02:05] a difficult bill to
[00:02:06] swallow.
[00:02:10] governments borrow for many reasons, including the financing of
[00:02:14] of development of and covering budget shortfalls, but lower income nations often
[00:02:18] a pay in more for credit and borrow in foreign currencies. when their
[00:02:22] own currency falls, that debt becomes even harder to
[00:02:25] repay, then disaster
[00:02:28] strikes.
[00:02:34] major flood or cyclone creates
[00:02:36] in a a financial crisis as
[00:02:37] of well as humanitarian one, the government must fund relief and
[00:02:41] reconstruction, that the same disaster destroys businesses and
[00:02:44] cuts economic output, and with little money available, the
[00:02:48] government borrows again further raising the debt, interest
[00:02:52] payments consume more
[00:02:53] of the budget and investment and climate protection becomes harder to
[00:02:57] afford. dominica exp. to this after hurricane Maria
[00:03:01] in
[00:03:02] of 2017. the international monetary fund and world bank
[00:03:05] estimated the damage and economic losses at
[00:03:08] 226%
[00:03:10] of the island's annual GDP, that's more than twice what its
[00:03:13] economy produced
[00:03:14] in a year. dominica had already been carrying around public debt
[00:03:18] with around 72% of its GDP. Maria then
[00:03:22] devastated infrastructure and
[00:03:24] in disrupted two critical sources of income: tourism and
[00:03:27] agriculture. rebuilding, required external support, but the
[00:03:31] IMF and World Bank warned that without enough grants,
[00:03:35] reconstruction could push public debt towards 90% of
[00:03:39] GDP.
[00:03:45] Floods
[00:03:45] in Pakistan in 2022 show the same
[00:03:48] pressure a much larger scale. 33
[00:03:52] million people were affected. A joint assessment by the Pakistani
[00:03:55] government and international agencies put the cost of physical
[00:03:59] damages. at
[00:04:01] of $14.9 billion dollars and economic losses at $15.2
[00:04:05] of billion dollars. Reconstruction would require additional
[00:04:08] $16.3 billion dollars. The
[00:04:11] of flood struck while
[00:04:12] of Pakistan was already struggling with debt and
[00:04:15] of critically low foreign reserves. Agricultural production fell and
[00:04:18] economic growth suffered, as many as
[00:04:21] of 9.1 million more people risked being pushed below the poverty
[00:04:24] line. The country needed billions to recover at precisely the
[00:04:28] moment it could least. Ford it. These disasters sit within a much
[00:04:32] wider dad
[00:04:34] a emergency. of UN of trade and development says developing countries owed 31
[00:04:38] trillion dollars in public debt in 2024
[00:04:41] of and paid a whopping $921 billion dollars in
[00:04:44] interest. The world banks says low and middle income countries paid
[00:04:48] creditors 741 billion dollars more between
[00:04:52] 2022 and 2024 then they received a new
[00:04:55] external financing. That flow of money matters because every dollar
[00:04:59] used. to service debt is dollar governments cannot spend
[00:05:03] elsewhere, including on protection from the next climate
[00:05:06] shock. climate finance should help break that cycle,
[00:05:10] developed countries provided and mobilized one 136.7
[00:05:13] billion for developing economies in 2024, but the
[00:05:17] organization for economic cooperation and development says
[00:05:20] 67% the public portion was supplied as loans,
[00:05:24] just 29% came as grants. that means some
[00:05:28] volnable countries are taking on new debt to protect themselves
[00:05:32] from crisis they did little to
[00:05:34] create. meanwhile, report by
[00:05:38] climate justice organization action aid says the country's least
[00:05:41] responsible. for global emissions are paying the highest price in climate
[00:05:45] damage and interest rates on sovereign debt. actionate adds that
[00:05:49] global south nations are trapped in a cycle of borrowing to rebuild
[00:05:53] after climate disasters and are locked a debt trap that makes
[00:05:57] climate resilience nearly impossible. just before this
[00:06:00] interview I spoke with economist
[00:06:04] um who was basically
[00:06:07] championing debt and was saying
[00:06:11] that uh banks... do not use that
[00:06:14] any way to benefit,
[00:06:18] particularly after climate disasters um at
[00:06:22] all, which which which goes quite
[00:06:26] against some things that some organization i heard have
[00:06:28] said, but that said, I would love for you to respond,
[00:06:32] ironically I can't use the interview because it turned out quite pixelis
[00:06:36] and the audio is really bad, but what do you what is your response
[00:06:40] to banks? sort of innocently
[00:06:44] using debt, mayly for a profit and truly to help
[00:06:47] people. I think
[00:06:51] that debt has not really been understood so far as
[00:06:55] climate issue. um, in fact, as you're right,
[00:06:58] the banks and and some actors say that
[00:07:02] lending can be climate solution, but actually we're
[00:07:05] starting to understand that debt really is climate
[00:07:09] issue, debt is actually supercharging the... crisis and the
[00:07:13] climate crisis is also supercharging the
[00:07:17] debt crisis um and as action aid we did some
[00:07:20] analysis to try to put some numbers and understand the scale
[00:07:24] and the connection between these issues um
[00:07:27] and and what we what we realized was
[00:07:31] actually there is
[00:07:32] a really toxic relationship between debt and climate
[00:07:36] if we put it in gen z terms um really the really there's
[00:07:40] a vicious cycle happening. in the aftermath of climate
[00:07:43] disasters when countries that are already on their knees after
[00:07:47] disasters uh desperate for for income take
[00:07:51] on loans that they then struggle to repay um that means they
[00:07:55] have to cut their um public services it means they in
[00:07:59] the long term they're also cutting climate action some countries
[00:08:03] even uh are obliged to find
[00:08:06] ways to repay their uh their loans
[00:08:10] and a forced to actually expand their fossil fuels
[00:08:14] in order earn the foreign currency in order to
[00:08:17] repay loans, so that's leading to higher
[00:08:21] emissions and supercharging the climate crisis, which is
[00:08:24] then causing a vicious cycle. the cycle starts again with
[00:08:28] countries experiencing disasters and taking on more loans, so
[00:08:32] we've done some analysis and seen some numbers which
[00:08:35] really put these two issues in
[00:08:38] context, so basically what we uh we looked
[00:08:42] at um the data, the the national budget data
[00:08:46] of uh the third most climate vulnerable
[00:08:50] country, so the countries that are experiencing the most climate impacts and
[00:08:54] are struggling to really cope with them, um, and
[00:08:58] what we learned
[00:09:00] was that um, was that actually those countries are spending
[00:09:03] 25 times more on
[00:09:07] repaying debt then they are on climate action,
[00:09:11] they're desperate to... money on climate action, they know that is the thing
[00:09:15] that they need to
[00:09:15] do to save themselves, but they are forced because their debt
[00:09:18] obligations to um to prioritize
[00:09:22] that, so in fact the numbers show that overall
[00:09:26] two-thirds the national budgets, the national
[00:09:29] revenues in fact of of
[00:09:33] climate vulnerable countries is going towards debt
[00:09:36] repayment, just under two thirds,
[00:09:39] 65% of climate vulnerable countries are:
[00:09:42] spending the all that amount on on debt
[00:09:46] repayment, so that's leaving nothing for public services,
[00:09:49] you know, education, health, all climate action, and so
[00:09:53] it's not really surprising when we also learn
[00:09:56] that 93.5% of climate
[00:10:00] vulnerable countries are in or at risk of debt
[00:10:04] distress, so really for us these numbers
[00:10:08] really show that there is very clear relationship, very clear
[00:10:11] toxic. relationship between the debt and climate crisis,
[00:10:15] they are supercharging each other, and really we need to
[00:10:19] address them, yeah, and
[00:10:22] think those numbers are going, and i think those one the reasons why your
[00:10:26] organization is calling for debt cancellation,
[00:10:29] however, critics argue that that
[00:10:33] cancellation would reward poor financial management
[00:10:37] or possibly make future lending more difficult, how do you answer that
[00:10:41] criticism um and guess which debts should
[00:10:45] be cancelled? great question, well firstly i
[00:10:49] would say that there is a widespread generic
[00:10:52] assumption that the debt crisis is... to poor
[00:10:55] financial management, but actually
[00:10:59] in the majority of cases these debts go
[00:11:02] back uh much further. they're steeped in
[00:11:06] legacy of colonial, post-colonial
[00:11:09] eras. the cold war was an era when a lot
[00:11:13] the the glo when debt was being used as
[00:11:16] a geopolitical tool for control, and many countries have
[00:11:20] never managed to get out from under that,
[00:11:23] you know, they were encouraged to take on loans they found that
[00:11:27] um rising interest rates and
[00:11:30] dropping and um currencies uh currency
[00:11:33] devaluations and now the escalating climate crisis
[00:11:37] means that the debt repayment finish line it just is never
[00:11:41] out of well is permanently out of reach um
[00:11:45] and so um the the idea that they is
[00:11:49] just pure financial mismanagement that people now should be punished
[00:11:52] for over and over again in every gene ation is is
[00:11:56] absurd. many times actually those debts have even been repaid,
[00:12:00] but um, but uh, but it just makes it challenging and they get
[00:12:04] deeper into debt with every new crisis. these aren't the countries that have caused the
[00:12:08] climate crisis, but they're the ones that are suffering the harshest
[00:12:11] impacts. and actually, it also
[00:12:14] supports automatically suspending repayments when
[00:12:18] a country is hit by climate
[00:12:21] disaster. um, do you think that would
[00:12:25] uh genuinely reduced the briding, I mean what about the interest
[00:12:29] that continues to accumulate
[00:12:31] for example? great question, I mean there are several levels at
[00:12:35] which uh action can be taken, so it should be
[00:12:39] standard any case, whenever a country uh
[00:12:42] experiences climate disaster, it should automatically be
[00:12:46] able to use its resources to pay to recover
[00:12:50] from the crisis. I mean, it's absurd that a country is sending the
[00:12:54] majority of... budget abroad when it's trying to deal with
[00:12:58] a with the aftermath of disaster, so that should be standard any case,
[00:13:02] but so much of this debt is um is
[00:13:05] unsustainable, illegitimate, unfair, and so
[00:13:09] basically there are there's a growing call for debt
[00:13:12] cancellation above a certain level, let's say 10% of external
[00:13:16] debt would allow countries to really systematically be
[00:13:20] able to um retain their own income, retain their
[00:13:24] own revenue and developed for the benefit their own
[00:13:27] citizens um and a further system systemic change
[00:13:31] we want to see is that because the global debt
[00:13:34] architecture is is run by by the
[00:13:38] wealthiest countries and the wealthiest um
[00:13:41] financial agencies and
[00:13:44] that the power imbalance is really really stark um and
[00:13:48] and to be honest we're a situation where the loan sharks are running the
[00:13:52] planet is deeply unfair so what we need need is
[00:13:56] a is fair debt architecture where
[00:14:00] all countries have equal voice, equal say, and
[00:14:04] then you would get much fairer decision makings and
[00:14:07] structures around debt where the loan sharks aren't in charge of
[00:14:11] running the planet. guess you're talking about more like a united nations
[00:14:15] framework there, mean how would that work exactly to give indebted countries
[00:14:19] more power? exactly, a united nations framework
[00:14:22] convention on sovereign debt is issue. that's on the table,
[00:14:26] um, the African Union is is calling really
[00:14:30] heavily for it, um, and civil society groups of have run
[00:14:34] the numbers and realize it's a really
[00:14:36] strategic um and good proposal
[00:14:40] for equity, for debt, for economies, for debt
[00:14:43] sustainability, but including for the climate, because this
[00:14:47] is something we need to come back to, we have to realize unless address
[00:14:51] the cl the debt crisis, we are not going to address the...
[00:14:55] climate crisis, these two issues are so inextricably linked,
[00:14:59] we need to understand that addressing the debt crisis is possibly
[00:15:03] the most impactful thing we can do for the sake the
[00:15:06] climate today. I know you and I have spoken quite often in the past and
[00:15:10] you always advocate for climate
[00:15:13] finance principally taking the form of
[00:15:17] grants. Yeah, I wonder if concessional loans in
[00:15:21] any week could still be useful at all, well.
[00:15:25] Currently two-thirds of climate finance is in the form of
[00:15:28] concessional or sorry is in the form of loans, some of which
[00:15:32] is concessional, that means that one third of climate
[00:15:36] finance is is in the form of grants, so that's obviously in
[00:15:39] inadequate. firstly, I will say that there is
[00:15:43] role for countries, countries do want
[00:15:46] access to affordable finance, um, but those
[00:15:49] conditions for that finance should be where um, they
[00:15:53] stand very good chance of making that money back in order
[00:15:57] to be repaid. right now, loans are
[00:16:00] being, given where where there's
[00:16:04] not a high chance of of making that money back. in fact, very high
[00:16:08] chance of it leading to indebtedness, so there's a lot of bad
[00:16:12] lending going on out there, and um, and so that's why this
[00:16:15] conversation needs to be made clear and in the context of climate
[00:16:19] change, but um, just to put all of put the issue
[00:16:22] of grant-based finance and debt in
[00:16:25] context, um, we we also ran the numbers
[00:16:29] and found that across the global south, um,
[00:16:33] the debt crisis is larger today than it's ever been
[00:16:36] e e trillion dollars of
[00:16:40] debt payment is expected from the global south this year,
[00:16:43] now do you think do you think lending
[00:16:46] organizations actively pursue
[00:16:50] lending um with the goal of
[00:16:54] simply um receiving these huge
[00:16:58] interest payments? do you think it's this type of climate debt is now
[00:17:01] deliberate? i can't speak to the
[00:17:05] motivation of every single private. or public
[00:17:08] um uh entity doing the lending, um,
[00:17:12] we, but we do know that geopolitics and profit have always
[00:17:16] been huge factors in this through, you know, for decades
[00:17:20] and really the pattern seems the same, but I just wanted
[00:17:24] to give you another shocking data, piece of data, which is that climate
[00:17:27] finance, you know that we've been calling for climate finance to be key
[00:17:31] part the climate solution, but what we found was that debt
[00:17:35] repayments from the global south...
[00:17:38] 225 times the
[00:17:41] amount that the global south is receiving uh
[00:17:45] in terms of climate grant-based climate finance,
[00:17:49] 225 times more is flowing out the global
[00:17:52] south than coming in for climate finance, so this is
[00:17:56] a this just tells you that really this is this is where the problem
[00:18:00] lies, and and countries simply cannot afford
[00:18:04] to take climate action when they are... so deeply
[00:18:08] indebted,
[00:18:12] no doubt, I mean, and
[00:18:14] I know actually, you guys have many recommendations, if a government
[00:18:18] was to take at least just one of your recommendations, which
[00:18:21] one would you want them to take, that you think could make the greatest
[00:18:25] difference? well, I would want all
[00:18:28] governments in, particularly the global north governments, so the ones with the
[00:18:32] power, um, I would really want them to get behind and support
[00:18:36] um, the new UN convention. uh on sovereign
[00:18:39] debt, that would be wonderful proposal, embedded in that would
[00:18:43] come fair assessments of debt
[00:18:46] cancellation, automatic triggers
[00:18:50] um and fair in negotiations, so that would be the one big thing
[00:18:54] that if we could achieve that, I think that would be very helpful, but within
[00:18:57] that debt cancellation, let's do
[00:19:00] it, let's let's have fairer conversations for debt
[00:19:04] cancellation as a step towards that bigger picture.
[00:19:08] Right Thresa, it's always a pleasure seeing you and speaking with you, thank you so
[00:19:12] much for um giving us this information on your
[00:19:16] latest action A report. Thank you, thanks so
[00:19:18] much.
[00:19:31] So far we've looked at what happens when climate disasters push entire countries deeper into
[00:19:35] debt, but the same pressure can reach right. down to the people producing many the
[00:19:39] things we consume every day. when a farmer owns barely enough to
[00:19:42] survive, one field harvest can mean boring simply to
[00:19:46] keep working, and while the climate risk stays with the producer, most
[00:19:50] the money is made much further along the supply chain. on this
[00:19:53] episode we are looking a bit at debt and how
[00:19:57] debt exacerbates um suffering in
[00:20:01] countries that can't afford to even adapt or pay
[00:20:05] for you know um... climate mitigation
[00:20:08] etc. so um, I wonder if
[00:20:12] similar uh cycle of debt and
[00:20:15] pushing countries further into debt
[00:20:19] is a cycle that occurs at the farm level, when
[00:20:23] extreme weather destroys a harvest, but of
[00:20:26] course when the cost of planting
[00:20:28] continues. yeah, so
[00:20:32] uncertainty of all kinds is something that farmers
[00:20:36] really struggle with, and that can come from
[00:20:39] volatile prices, that can come from
[00:20:43] extreme weather events, and farmers
[00:20:46] will have various options available to them to... respond to
[00:20:50] this, but increasingly when farmers are not
[00:20:53] receiving the proper pay for their products,
[00:20:57] those options are limited, and so within
[00:21:01] fair trade we see that farmers, they can go into dead in
[00:21:05] order to respond to climate events, so for
[00:21:08] example, we saw flooding in Indonesia at the beginning of
[00:21:12] this year and the end of last year in 2025, and coffee
[00:21:15] farmers there suffered severe damage, not just to their farms, but
[00:21:19] als so they lost their homes and their entire livelihoods, and
[00:21:23] so of course, like anywhere, particularly when insurance
[00:21:27] is expensive or difficult to receive, it can be difficult for farmers to
[00:21:31] respond to these climate events, and so of course
[00:21:35] farmers like anywhere in Europe or or anywhere
[00:21:39] in the world can incur dent as a response to that, and it's
[00:21:42] why before the crisis happens, it's so important for
[00:21:46] farmers to be able to build resilience, and a core part of... that is
[00:21:50] making sure that farmers, when they're growing the food that we all
[00:21:54] consume in Europe and around the world, they're paid appropriately to
[00:21:57] invest ahead of time adapted practices on their farm
[00:22:01] to reduce the chance that later on they need to incur debt to
[00:22:05] respond. yeah, i was just about to mention of
[00:22:08] course uh farmers need to be paid um well
[00:22:12] enough to affect their ability to survive about season without
[00:22:15] borrowing, what does fair trade do to help in those
[00:22:19] circumstances? Yeah, so fair trade operates
[00:22:23] a number of different ways: we're a global certification body and also
[00:22:27] movement, so some the things that we do are working directly
[00:22:31] with farmers to provide training and direct support,
[00:22:34] but we also operate through something called the fair trade minimum price, which
[00:22:38] helps protect farmers against volatility and makes it easier for them to plan
[00:22:42] and invest, but also probably in my opinion, the
[00:22:46] most unique benefit of fair trade is something called the fair trade premium.
[00:22:50] and this is a small amount of money that farmers receive addition to
[00:22:54] the to the price that they receive, and they're able to invest this on their
[00:22:58] farms and also within their communities, and oftentimes, for
[00:23:01] example, we've been working very closely with a cooperative called
[00:23:05] Yayaso in Code divoir. what we've seen in the last few years is that
[00:23:09] they have invested this fair trade premium in things like organic inputs for
[00:23:13] their farmers to be able to improve the resilience on their farms, they're
[00:23:16] invested in agro forestry which protects the coco plant. for
[00:23:20] when heat gets too extreme and they're also investing
[00:23:24] in things within their community like education as well and so all these
[00:23:28] interventions from protection from volatile prices
[00:23:32] to the fair trade premium to direct support come together to
[00:23:36] really help farmers and workers invest in their long-term resilience against the
[00:23:40] climate crisis. out of curiosity, when farmers
[00:23:44] do need credit to recover or to replant to
[00:23:47] pr, what sort of lending is available to? and how
[00:23:51] easily can that borrowing become available? it can be a
[00:23:54] challenge, so it varies, um, but what we see is
[00:23:58] oftenimes for particularly small holder farmers, it can be
[00:24:02] incredibly difficult to get access to finance that
[00:24:06] isn't at extremely unfair interest rates. so
[00:24:10] oftentimes, particularly within cooperatives, we actually see that
[00:24:14] the fair trade premium is used by cooperatives to
[00:24:17] provide low cost or zero interest. loans to farmers
[00:24:20] and going back to that cooperative in in
[00:24:24] cotivoir, they talked about so many farmers spoke about
[00:24:28] that when they saw a loss of um coco product activity in
[00:24:31] 2023 and 2024 during the last alnino,
[00:24:35] they actually relied on loans from their
[00:24:39] cooperative funded by the fair trade premium to be able to get their
[00:24:43] families over that hump and and it really was vitally important for their
[00:24:47] livelihoods and for their children to continue to um... in
[00:24:50] school, like within the supply chains for
[00:24:53] products like coffee, tea, uh, coco,
[00:24:57] etc., who currently carries
[00:25:01] most the financial risk that's created by the climate
[00:25:04] crisis? absolutely. i would
[00:25:08] say farmers are carrying so much the risk, and
[00:25:12] we can see this in just thinking about a bar of chocolate and where
[00:25:16] the value of that bar of chocolate goes. so it's estimated that... only
[00:25:20] around 6% the total value of the chocolate bar that you
[00:25:24] would buy goes to the actual farmer, and that means that only
[00:25:27] six% of that value is going to the farmer that not only has to cover
[00:25:31] their livelihood, that not only has to cover their personal expenses,
[00:25:35] but also investing in their farm to adapt to climate change,
[00:25:39] and we're seeing as well beyond just within supply
[00:25:43] chains, the broader finance of um of climate change and
[00:25:46] helping smallholders to adapt, it's it's completely insufficient. so
[00:25:50] it's estimated that about $150 billion a year is
[00:25:54] required for smallholder adaptation and we're only seeing about
[00:25:58] 5.5 billion a year going in, which is only about, i think
[00:26:02] it's 8% of global climate finance, and so there's
[00:26:05] only so much that cocoa farmers and coffee farmers can do with around
[00:26:09] 6% the value of a chocolate bar compared to the rest the
[00:26:13] supply chain and compared to the shared responsibility with with governments
[00:26:17] as
[00:26:17] well.
[00:26:30] The Balkans is at
[00:26:31] the crossroad. of history, foreign influence has
[00:26:35] always weighed heavily on the people.
[00:26:39] The war in Ukraine has tested a fragile
[00:26:42] car.
[00:26:48] As global powers consider their next steps, few take
[00:26:52] into consideration what the people here
[00:26:54] want.
[00:26:59] Across the Balkans on TRT World.
[00:27:37] people, a landscape of endless discovery,
[00:27:41] born with curiosity, driven by the people
[00:27:45] who live it, another America comes into
[00:27:48] view, creemonts, builders,
[00:27:52] hidden stories, forgotten voices, the
[00:27:55] untold on earth, all
[00:27:59] the way to Gaza, but now New York.
[00:28:04] My America on TRT
[00:28:06] world
[00:28:13] and one the world's largests
[00:28:15] and Andrew Hopkins is following the
[00:28:19] story from Ankara. Andrew Hopkins,
[00:28:23] Andrew, Andrew,
[00:28:24] just take us through again, what happened
[00:28:26] this morning? well, kamally, there's really been two incidence in the
[00:28:30] last 24 hours show the kind of...
[00:28:49] trying to make sense of a world full of upheaval and shifting
[00:28:53] power dynamics, now
[00:28:57] let's head over to Ankara where we have asleep live for
[00:29:00] us, there's been a phone call between Donald Trump and
[00:29:04] President Erdogan from big speeches to quiet
[00:29:07] talks bringing
[00:29:09] you the moments that shape
[00:29:10] tomorrow and they were discussing
[00:29:14] the situation in
[00:29:15] Gaza.
[00:29:31] What's your analysis of what?
[00:29:35] world we deconstruct neocolonialist framing of world
[00:29:38] events and bring you the missing perspectives. Turkey
[00:29:42] has recalled its berlin ambassador and speak to our
[00:29:46] correspondent Hassan
[00:29:47] Abdullah. Andrew
[00:29:50] Hopkins,
[00:29:51] Andrew.
[00:30:15] Saudi Arabia strikes Yemen after Houti attacks injured 13
[00:30:19] civilians as fighting escalates across the country. Hello
[00:30:23] and welcome to turt worlds live from Istanbul, I'm Jafar Hastan also
[00:30:27] coming up. Tensions are also high in the straight of
[00:30:31] Hormus where Iran Media says the heron has downed an American
[00:30:35] drone. Tag giant anthropic is calling for
[00:30:39] kill switch as AI technology grows ever more
[00:30:42] powerful. And how Gaza's only animal shelter
[00:30:46] is a struggling to keep pets and astrays alive under Israel's
[00:30:50] ongoing
[00:30:50] siege.
[00:31:04] The fighting between Yemen's.