TRTWORLD — Roundtable 20260915 203000 UTC 486 transcript segments Google Cloud Speech-to-Text API (Chirp) + Gemini 2.5 Flash Non-Thinking Data courtesy of The GDELT Project (https://www.gdeltproject.org/), from the Internet Archive TV News Archive. Machine transcription. Treat it as a searchable index of what was broadcast, not a verbatim quotation record. [00:00:00] tourism destinations, welcoming a record nearly 40 [00:00:03] million international visitors in 2019 before the [00:00:06] COVID-19 pandemic brought the industry to near [00:00:09] standstill. In July 2024, Thailand expanded [00:00:13] visa free stairs from 30 to 60 days to attract [00:00:16] travelers back and encourage them to stay and spend for longer, [00:00:20] and Bangkok alone was named the world's most visited city by Euro [00:00:24] Monitor International, a year later, attracting around 30 million [00:00:28] international visitors. The length of stay [00:00:31] for tourists by the strict definition [00:00:34] in Thailand is about a little bit around eight [00:00:38] or nine days. High profile incidents of public [00:00:41] disorder, violence and tourists breaking local laws and [00:00:45] social media have fueled calls for tighter enforcement as officials [00:00:49] try to balance welcoming millions of visitors with protecting local [00:00:52] communities and Thailand's reputation as a safe [00:00:55] destination. [00:00:59] works for. While school in Bangkok, she thinks the [00:01:02] behavior from some tourists has caused the 30-day visa free [00:01:06] limit to return. I feel so sorry, I'm not, I don't know [00:01:10] why they say, I think [00:01:12] a lot the people come to Thailand, [00:01:16] sorry now, some people not good for [00:01:19] Thailand, you understand? Hermwate high school relies on both local and [00:01:22] international customers to train in its traditional gym [00:01:26] often for months at a time. With the new changes to the 60 [00:01:30] visa, she admits it may impact business going [00:01:33] forward. The school has already seen a 20% decrease in [00:01:37] customers this year because of external factors such as fewer flights and [00:01:40] visitors entering Thailand due to the rising costs because of the conflict in the [00:01:44] Middle East. Isaac Taiki says his one-year stint in the country [00:01:48] has opened doors for him, but he could have missed out on an opportunity to train [00:01:52] White Thai for an extended period and the offer to compete in a [00:01:55] semi-professional fight in the Thai capital with a shorter stay. [00:01:59] I kept saying. kept trying, kept training and then a fight got offered, so it [00:02:03] kind of just rolled into what it is now, but again it kind of goes back to [00:02:06] the time, if I was here a shorter time frame or like based [00:02:10] on how the the visa could be or how it is, that [00:02:13] wouldn't be possible. Thailand is very much open to the world, [00:02:17] but a return of shorter visa free stays [00:02:20] alongside other subtle policy changes and [00:02:24] tighter enforcement could allow authorities to strike a [00:02:28] balance between in... origin tourism and [00:02:31] tackling any misbehaving visitors. [00:02:35] Tommy Walker, TRT World, Bangkok, [00:02:38] Thailand. And you're up to date here on TRT World. [00:02:42] Across the Balkans is coming next. [00:02:52] People are afraid of [00:02:56] Hello, you are watching TRT World. Today we look at [00:03:00] Croatia, where thousands of tons of illegally [00:03:03] dumped waste have sparked mass protests and [00:03:07] Serbia, where Belgrade's public pharmacy network is close to [00:03:10] collapse, from environmental safety to [00:03:13] access to essential medicine, we ask who is [00:03:17] responsible when the systems people depend on [00:03:21] begin to fail. I'm Naja Muftic and this is across the [00:03:24] Balkans. [00:03:40] Croatia is celebrated for its pristine lakes and [00:03:44] forests, but it's also rapidly unfolding a different [00:03:47] narrative. It's at the center of a long-running [00:03:51] dispute over thousands of tons of illegally dumped [00:03:54] waste from some EU countries. On September [00:03:58] 5th, tens of thousands of protesters marched through [00:04:02] the Croatian capital, demanding the government urgently [00:04:05] clear a huge illegal dump of hazardous [00:04:08] waste. Here is [00:04:09] more. [00:04:15] Nobody wants to see waste or garbage at their [00:04:18] doorstep, not least thousands of tons of [00:04:21] it. That's the complaint of these protesters who took to the [00:04:25] streets of Zagreb over a dispute stretching back more than [00:04:29] a year. [00:04:32] Nearly 40,000 tons of waste, including [00:04:34] electronics, plastic and medical waste were found at this [00:04:38] former industrial complex. Authorities [00:04:41] suspect much of it was illegally imported from EU [00:04:45] countries like Germany, Slovenia and Italy. [00:04:48] Gospić is our home organized the rally titled [00:04:52] Walk for Lika, walk for Croatia, and demanded that the [00:04:55] government temporarily ban waste imports. The basic [00:04:59] human right is to have clean soil, clean [00:05:02] water and clean air, and we [00:05:05] are responsible to give those to our children and [00:05:09] our grandchildren to leave the country clean. [00:05:13] because I have to be here, because it is the duty of every [00:05:16] normal citizen of this country to fight [00:05:20] for a better country, to fight against injustice, to [00:05:24] defend our lives, to defend [00:05:27] the most beautiful part of our Croatia, that is [00:05:30] Lika. [00:05:40] Suspected of importing waste and illegally burying it at several sites [00:05:44] across Croatia, in a case involving millions of [00:05:47] dollars. In 2025, Croatian [00:05:50] police and Europol arrested 13 people in an [00:05:53] operation related to a scandal over illegal waste disposal in [00:05:57] Lika. President Zoran Milanović [00:06:00] promised immediate cleanup warning that those [00:06:04] responsible will be held accountable and that he would seek amendments to [00:06:07] the waste management act and establish a new waste [00:06:11] management system. to be measured when it comes to this buried [00:06:14] waste, since it is buried and mixed with [00:06:18] earth, its characteristics [00:06:21] regarding its content can qualify it as containing [00:06:25] certain hazardous waste, and here [00:06:29] the procedure is such that we must find [00:06:32] appropriate companies that are capable of disposing of [00:06:35] such waste. [00:06:37] of infrastructure to dispose of some [00:06:42] hazardous waste. Prime [00:06:46] Minister Plenković stated that the country exports more waste [00:06:50] than it imports and that only 0.8% of the waste [00:06:54] imported in 2024 was classified as [00:06:57] hazardous. [00:06:59] Following a two-day parliamentary session to discuss illegal waste [00:07:03] dumping in the Lika region, the Croatian Parliament [00:07:07] rejected four proposals made by the president and [00:07:11] adopted 11 put forward by the ruling majority. They [00:07:14] included a report on the progress of the clean up, including actions [00:07:18] taken, deadlines, costs, environmental monitoring results [00:07:21] and greater efforts by local authorities to prevent illegal [00:07:25] dumping, but this is also an issue over what [00:07:29] cannot be seen. Gospić is located in Croatia's [00:07:33] Karst region where water can move through complex underground [00:07:36] canals. An expert assessment suggests microplastics [00:07:40] and heavy metals were found in the... soil in the contaminated [00:07:44] area, but Plenković maintained in a statement that the water [00:07:47] in the Lika region and in particular Gospić is [00:07:51] completely safe to drink. For the people of [00:07:54] Gospić, cleaning up the site is only the beginning. They want assurances [00:07:57] that what happened here will not simply be buried elsewhere [00:08:01] for other communities to deal [00:08:03] with. [00:08:08] Joining us now from Zadar, Croatia is Ivana [00:08:11] Šarić, a member of the citizen group Gospić je naš dom [00:08:15] or Gospić is our home. Ivana, thank you for [00:08:18] joining us on Across the Balkans. [00:08:22] Thank you for your invitation. Let's start [00:08:25] with the basic question: what exactly happened in Gospić? [00:08:28] How did more than 30,000 tons of [00:08:31] waste, including hazardous medical and industrial [00:08:35] refuse end up buried at the former PPK Velebit [00:08:39] site and how could this continue for years [00:08:42] without the authorities stopping [00:08:44] it? [00:08:47] Uh, what happened in Gospić is a very serious [00:08:50] case of illegal waste dumping that went on for [00:08:53] years. According to the investigation, [00:08:57] large quantities of waste were transported [00:09:01] and illegally dumped in Gospić. To put that in perspective, [00:09:04] we are talking about approximately [00:09:08] 1,500 trucks full of that [00:09:11] waste. And if we line those trucks up with [00:09:14] that waste, we have around 20 [00:09:18] kilometers long convoy. [00:09:22] Ivana, you and other residents say this is [00:09:26] not only an environmental problem, but [00:09:29] a failure of the state. What in your [00:09:31] view did the government, inspectors and other [00:09:35] institutions fail to do while thousands of tons [00:09:38] of waste were being brought into the region? [00:09:43] In our view, the biggest failure was the failure of [00:09:47] oversight. We are talking about thousands of tons [00:09:51] of waste being transported, [00:09:53] processed and buried over a period of several [00:09:56] years, and that raises very serious [00:10:00] questions about inspections, about [00:10:03] waste tracking, about permits, about [00:10:06] monitoring and communication between the [00:10:09] institutions. The question is not only [00:10:13] who dumped that waste? We [00:10:15] also have to ask how is this possible on this scale [00:10:19] without the system detecting it and stopping them? For [00:10:22] citizens, this is essential [00:10:26] because with accountability, it [00:10:29] is very difficult to rebuild the trust that we [00:10:32] lost. The government says drinking water [00:10:36] in Gospić and Lika-Senj County is safe, [00:10:39] but expert findings reported elevated levels of [00:10:42] heavy metals in the area. Who should people [00:10:46] believe and why has this contradiction created such a deep [00:10:49] public distrust? [00:10:53] Um, first we have to distinguish [00:10:57] two different things. We have the first thing [00:11:00] is that we have the drinking water. The authorities [00:11:04] have repeatedly said that the public drinking water supply in [00:11:08] Gospić is currently safe, and the [00:11:11] Croatian Institute of Public Health has reported [00:11:15] that the or tested tap water [00:11:18] samples are within the required standards. [00:11:22] From the other side, expert findings [00:11:26] show that illegally on on the site of [00:11:29] an illegal landfill that we have some [00:11:32] PFAS compounds. Uh, you [00:11:35] know, and those compounds are found in groundwater. [00:11:38] So this is that was very [00:11:42] confusing and there they [00:11:45] also found some levels of certain metals [00:11:48] in the soil. And [00:11:51] those findings are not necessarily contradictory. Why? [00:11:55] Because the groundwater, uh, or the [00:11:57] downstream from a contaminated [00:12:00] space, not the same thing as treated water coming [00:12:04] through the public drinking water system. You know, but [00:12:08] this is exactly why the people are [00:12:11] worried. When you have hazardous waste, when [00:12:15] you have contaminated soil and [00:12:17] PFAS that is detected in groundwater in the vicinity, [00:12:21] people need more than reassurance. They need to [00:12:25] to be sure that we still some short [00:12:28] time for waste remediation and [00:12:31] continuous independent and transparent monitoring. [00:12:35] So we cannot tell citizens that the tap [00:12:38] water is unsafe when its current official tests [00:12:42] say it is safe, but where what [00:12:45] we keep saying is, test it, publish the results, [00:12:49] then continue monitoring and make all the data available to the [00:12:52] public and above all everything to keep the water [00:12:56] safe and that is the only way how to [00:13:00] rebuild the trust. [00:13:03] People in Gospić have been living next to this [00:13:06] waste while waiting for answers and cleanup. What [00:13:10] are people most afraid of today in [00:13:12] Gospić? [00:13:17] the unknown, you [00:13:20] know, because they are worried about the [00:13:23] water and about the soil, and possible long-term [00:13:27] health consequences, but [00:13:29] we think there's something even deeper. People are [00:13:32] afraid that contamination, [00:13:35] contamination could remain in the environment for years [00:13:38] and even decades and [00:13:42] especially because Gospić has a sensitive [00:13:45] Karst environment. That's the the [00:13:48] problem that gives up [00:13:51] more problems with the remediation. [00:13:55] Also, people are afraid that nobody will take [00:13:57] responsibility. And imagine living [00:14:01] next to thousands of tons of illegally dumped [00:14:05] waste and repeatedly asking what is [00:14:07] there, uh, is is some something something [00:14:11] poisoned in my backyard? [00:14:14] Are my vegetables okay or [00:14:17] not? So people don't want political [00:14:20] arguments. People, they want to know that their [00:14:24] families, water and their environment are [00:14:27] safe, but the analysis [00:14:30] and new analysis don't show that. The state [00:14:34] knew it was hazardous waste and the public [00:14:38] was kept in the dark for two years. That's the main problem. [00:14:41] For an entire year [00:14:45] we had been demanding the analysis. [00:14:47] We tried to get that analysis in [00:14:51] publicity and we [00:14:54] have the rights to get that analysis and after [00:14:58] we threatened the [00:15:01] government that we will close the [00:15:04] highways in the middle of the tourist season, they [00:15:08] they showed us the result of the analysis and the result [00:15:12] of analysis was devastating. [00:15:15] Your movement took the issue from Gospić to [00:15:19] Zagreb with thousands of people joining the walk for [00:15:22] Lika at the latest protest. What was the [00:15:26] moment when you realized that petitions and demands [00:15:29] were no longer enough and that people had to take to the [00:15:33] streets? [00:15:36] For a long time or a year and a half, uh, because we [00:15:39] found out publicly about this situation in February [00:15:43] of 2025 and [00:15:46] for that long time for a year and a half, we tried to solve [00:15:49] this through institutions. We tried to send thousands [00:15:53] of letters, inquiries. [00:15:56] We held meetings with some local, national [00:15:59] authorities. We asked for information, we asked [00:16:03] for analysis, we asked for urgent preventive [00:16:07] measures and a clear mediation plan, but [00:16:10] months went by and nothing happened. The turning [00:16:14] point was the realization of the [00:16:16] governance and environmental protection [00:16:20] committee that's held in Gospić [00:16:23] and when we saw that they were [00:16:26] not actually there for people at all, [00:16:30] that that was turned into some political [00:16:33] infighting and that was the some [00:16:37] moment when we started to when we knew that we have [00:16:41] to do something and that was the [00:16:44] moment when the walk for we for walk for Lika, walk for [00:16:47] Croatia became necessary. Uh, for [00:16:51] the end, please, Prime Minister Plenković after [00:16:54] protests said the government would [00:16:57] urgently consider this initiative and that [00:17:00] a new waste management system would be established. Do you [00:17:04] believe the government has finally taken real [00:17:07] action? [00:17:10] Uh, it seems today that the government has finally started [00:17:14] taking some concrete steps and we [00:17:17] acknowledge that. We do not need another [00:17:20] promise. We need measurable and visible [00:17:24] results. That's the only thing that we can [00:17:27] say. If the government delivers that [00:17:31] and [00:17:33] we will be the first to acknowledge it. And this is not a [00:17:45] Thank you so much for being our guest in Across the Balkans [00:17:48] and I hope as soon as possible the Lika will be [00:17:52] clean and happy as it was again. Thank you so much. Thank you [00:17:55] very much. We hope also. Thank [00:17:58] you. [00:18:04] Across Europe, more people than ever rely on [00:18:07] prescription medicine from public funded pharmacies, but an [00:18:11] increasing number of these pharmacies now belong to a [00:18:14] handful of large chains. This has left [00:18:17] governments facing a question they are only [00:18:20] starting to answer: who guarantees that people can still [00:18:24] get the medicine they need? In Serbia's [00:18:27] capital, the public pharmacy network is close to collapse [00:18:30] and the city that owns it wants to hand it to a private [00:18:34] operator. Katarina Petrović reports from Belgrade. [00:19:07] to sell it to him. The state must guarantee that we will have medicine. [00:19:11] With the loss of the public pharmacies, the citizens [00:19:15] have lost trust and [00:19:17] confidence in the healthcare system. On the 28th of [00:19:21] July, after almost a year of protest, Serbia's president [00:19:25] called the workers in. They left saying every demand had been [00:19:28] accepted: medicines and operating funds within two [00:19:32] weeks, back pay by mid September, health insurance [00:19:35] restored. In return, three to six months to prove the [00:19:39] network can compete on the market. Three weeks on, [00:19:42] only the health insurance has come through, valid until the end of [00:19:46] September. No medicines, no money, nothing in [00:19:49] writing. The city did not respond to our request for an [00:19:53] interview. Its position is on record. The mayor once called [00:19:57] selling the institution the only solution. The assembly [00:20:00] later voted for a concession instead, citing around [00:20:04] 5 million dollars in support in taking its [00:20:07] debt. Serbia is not short of pharmacies. There [00:20:11] are around 4,000 nationwide, more [00:20:14] pharmacies than Serbia has pharmacists to staff them. [00:20:18] What it is short of is the kind of pharmacy that opens at 3 in the [00:20:22] morning, that mixes a medicine no factory makes [00:20:25] anymore, that stocks the things nobody makes money [00:20:28] selling. Belgrade now has a few months to decide [00:20:32] whether that is worth paying for. [00:20:36] Here we are sitting on the Zemun embankment, right? [00:20:39] 200 to 300 meters from us is the Belgrade pharmacy, which [00:20:43] was the duty pharmacy for for for for all of Zemun. This [00:20:46] somehow we felt safe because we knew that... [00:20:50] that we don't have to worry when we'll need medicine, [00:20:53] that it's always there for us and that it will be [00:20:57] open, and there worked some women for whom we [00:21:01] were sure that they somehow work for us. Savo [00:21:04] Filipović, head of Serbia's patients [00:21:07] association. [00:21:12] I very much support both private healthcare and private [00:21:16] pharmacies. I have nothing against that, I just think we should have [00:21:20] both, then one can choose. Until [00:21:24] 2013, only public pharmacies [00:21:27] dispensed state-funded prescriptions. Private [00:21:30] ones then wanted the same right, but not the same rules. [00:21:34] In Serbia we have a regulation problem. In [00:21:37] fact there are no regulations on how pharmacies in [00:21:41] general can be opened and where. You may [00:21:44] find some pharmacies back to back, side by side, four [00:21:48] or five pharmacies being located together, such [00:21:51] as the green markets or the bus [00:21:54] stops, etc. A public pharmacy could only [00:21:58] open where it served at least 4,000 people. In [00:22:01] contrast, a private one can open anywhere it expects a [00:22:05] profit. Across Europe, aging populations and recurring [00:22:08] shortages have made equal access more [00:22:11] urgent. There is a rule about [00:22:13] geolocation, servicing equally, uh, [00:22:17] citizens of that country irrespective. [00:22:25] when a lady who was somewhere [00:22:27] in her 70s came to look for daily catheters for her husband, [00:22:30] people cannot function without them even for a day, I tried in [00:22:34] our system to see if there were any left anywhere, there weren't any, and [00:22:38] she said, I have visited over 50 [00:22:41] pharmacies and I can't find this, what should I do? [00:22:44] Even today I am thinking about what they did, how they managed. [00:22:48] These are things that are unprofitable, because you have a 4% profit [00:22:52] on aids, meaning you have no profit. The public network [00:22:56] also compounds medicines the market no longer supplies [00:22:59] or cannot supply during shortages. More than [00:23:03] 90% of staff are women, many nearing [00:23:06] retirement. Their wages stopped and their health [00:23:09] insurance with them. my colleague sold everything [00:23:12] she could, after that, since she had no choice, she applied [00:23:16] to receive a meal at the public kitchen. However, they refused her because she was employed, [00:23:20] on the other hand, she couldn't pay for her own therapy either, because [00:23:24] her health books were not activated. The [00:23:27] city has also brought 28 rent cases against [00:23:30] its own institutions, involving premises it occupies [00:23:34] but does not own. Workers say the pressure is [00:23:37] deliberate, pushing them towards bankruptcy and [00:23:40] concession. Founder's rights passed to the city of [00:23:43] Belgrade in 2007. As [00:23:45] founder, the city funds it, and its assembly voted for the [00:23:49] concession. Yet the rescue promise came from the president. The [00:23:53] promise was made in one place, the money and the [00:23:56] decision sit in another. We have nothing in writing [00:23:59] and as far as I've noticed, a record was [00:24:02] kept, but it wasn't handed to us. Novi Sad and [00:24:05] Kruševac have already transferred their public pharmacies to Benu and [00:24:09] Dr. Max, among Europe's largest chains, Zrenjanin [00:24:13] to another private operator. Everyone says you have a good example, [00:24:17] I don't know, concessions in Novi Sad, yes, but Novi Sad and... [00:24:50] question, who guarantees that a person gets their medicine, the state or [00:24:54] the market? Medicine is not a commodity, it is a [00:24:57] therapy, it helps people. It is a public good and a [00:25:01] matter of state responsibility at the end of the day. The first deadline [00:25:05] has already passed, without medicines on the shelves, the test [00:25:08] cannot even begin and the wage debt now stands at [00:25:11] roughly $10 million dollars. The workers have already told the [00:25:15] president what they want, to remain what they have been for [00:25:19] decades: a public service people can rely on when they [00:25:22] need medicine, because in a public network, access to [00:25:26] medicine does not depend on where someone lives, what they [00:25:30] can afford, or whether supplying it turns a [00:25:33] profit. Katarina Petrović, Across the Balkans, [00:25:36] Belgrade. [00:25:42] People in their twilight years are generally slowing down, [00:25:45] retiring and living a more relaxing life, but not [00:25:49] Doctor Apostolov. He is still doing the rounds in the [00:25:52] Bulgarian village of Skrat at 90 years [00:25:55] old, and he's not the only one as Adam [00:25:59] explains. [00:26:02] 90-year-old general practitioner Kiril Apostolov is one of the last [00:26:06] doctors standing in Bulgaria's Skrat, which is near the border [00:26:10] of Greece and North Macedonia. [00:26:13] Despite his age, he can still walk up a hill every week and do house [00:26:17] calls for his patients. [00:26:19] Many GPs are working past retirement age across the [00:26:22] country, because there are fewer younger doctors to replace [00:26:26] them. [00:26:30] For now, I feel good. the work doesn't bother me, [00:26:34] I still feel pleasure, [00:26:37] as long as [00:26:39] I'm good and [00:26:43] the patients are happy with [00:26:44] me. [00:26:47] It seems to me that there will hardly be anyone to, with [00:26:51] pleasure I would [00:26:53] step aside for someone to come to work, but [00:26:57] young doctors, [00:27:01] before... [00:27:03] a few days ago I wasn't well [00:27:07] and my wife told me, "Don't bother the doctor while he's [00:27:10] here," she said, "I won't bother him." [00:27:13] I say [00:27:17] I say it will pass and so [00:27:21] constantly constantly [00:27:24] I go to visit, I see sick people passing by [00:27:27] here on our [00:27:29] street. [00:28:02] and here, I have no words to say, I'm so [00:28:06] grateful to him, he can walk, he can [00:28:09] come, he's older than me, I don't carry a stick, I carry two [00:28:13] but I don't have to, let him help [00:28:16] people like this, in 2023, [00:28:20] 54.5%. [00:28:29] younger doctors taking up GP positions, [00:28:32] especially in rural areas due to several factors such as [00:28:36] bureaucracy, poor career opportunities and low [00:28:39] pay. For now, Kirol and elder [00:28:42] doctors like him will continue to treat those most in [00:28:45] need, but when these doctors finally hang up their jackets and [00:28:49] stethoscopes, who will be next to climb up hills like [00:28:52] this? Adamunu across the [00:28:55] Balkans. That's all from us on across the [00:28:58] Balkans. The region continues to change, and we will keep... [00:29:02] bringing you the stories and voices shaping its [00:29:05] future, you can follow our stories on social media and [00:29:08] TRT World's YouTube channel. Thank you for watching, [00:29:11] I'm Naja Muftic and we hope to see you next time. [00:30:15] The Houthies claim hundreds of government forces have been killed or wounded as [00:30:18] fighting continues in Yemen. [00:30:22] Meanwhile the leaders of Saudi Arabia and Egypt hold crisis talks in Cairo [00:30:25] to address the widening conflict, Washington says it's no plans to step [00:30:29] in to boost Saudi security. Hello. [00:30:32] Welcome to TRT World Live from London, I'm Aron Armstrong, also coming up on the [00:30:36] program: [00:30:38] two sailers are missing after another attack on shipping in the straight of [00:30:41] Homouz. The United States has blamed Iran. Terran says the [00:30:45] ship hit mines and [00:30:48] the top American lawker echos president Trump's hoax claims about the [00:30:51] dangers of AI and the risks of falling behind [00:30:54] China.