TTV — broadcast
20260808 233000 UTC
183 transcript segments
Google Cloud Speech-to-Text API (Chirp) + Gemini 2.5 Flash Non-Thinking
Data courtesy of The GDELT Project (https://www.gdeltproject.org/), from the Internet Archive TV News Archive.
Machine transcription. Treat it as a searchable index of what was broadcast, not a verbatim quotation record.

[00:00:30] Saturn's largest moon, Titan. In Titan's cluster, there are large areas of liquid
[00:00:34] lakes, but Titan's
[00:00:38] lakes are different from Earth's. The liquid inside
[00:00:42] is not water, but is mainly composed of methane.
[00:00:45] And NASA has created a planetary wave model to simulate
[00:00:49] the wave state of this methane lake, and the results show
[00:00:53] that just a little bit of wind can make Titan's methane
[00:00:56] lakes generate huge waves. Saturn
[00:01:00] has beautiful rings, and among its many moons, the largest
[00:01:04] is this one with a thick atmosphere, also known as Titan.
[00:01:07] Titan's climate,
[00:01:11] and the surface environment, I just said it has lakes, right?
[00:01:15] And clouds.
[00:01:16] 。
[00:01:19] It's not made of water. So,
[00:01:26] it's a bit like the environment of Earth.
[00:01:30] Besides some similarities in topography with Earth, Titan is also the only known
[00:01:34] celestial body to have liquid on its surface. However, Titan's
[00:01:38] lakes are very different from Earth's. The liquid inside is not water.
[00:01:42] If there were water on Titan, then
[00:01:44] .
[00:01:54] Take that, that, on Titan, these
[00:01:58] fake bowls on top.
[00:03:30] even thicker.
[00:04:30] In order to uncover more mysteries, models like these can allow scientists
[00:04:34] to have a better understanding and control of the environment
[00:04:37] on Titan or other celestial bodies, and can better prepare
[00:04:41] and plan for future explorations. plans.
[00:04:43] 。
[00:04:46] Let's look at how such land cracks appeared on Mars.
[00:04:50] NASA's Curiosity rover released the latest
[00:04:54] topographic images of Mars, and we can see a large area of regularly arranged
[00:04:57] polygonal patterns that resemble
[00:05:00] dragon scales. These are not relics of alien civilizations,
[00:05:04] but mysterious marks left by geological evolution. So what does this
[00:05:07] discovery signify, and how does it prove that Mars
[00:05:11] once had similar
[00:05:42] The original layer showed a wide range of regularly arranged polygonal patterns, and
[00:05:46] their appearance resembled dragon scales or honeycomb structures.
[00:05:50] In fact, it has a more standard name.
[00:05:53] It's not a large area like
[00:06:03] the common ones we see on Earth, those very large ones.
[00:06:06] In fact, similar polygonal patterns were not discovered
[00:06:10] on Mars for the first time.
[00:06:13] As early as 2017 and 2023, similar
[00:06:16] topographic features were photographed separately. features.
[00:06:18] The discovery of a large area
[00:06:28] was similar to what was discovered in 2023.
[00:06:31] According to statistics, there are about several thousand. So we first
[00:06:33] observed similar ones in 2017.
[00:06:35] In addition to continuing to search for more data,
[00:06:39] scientists are also actively analyzing the causes of the formation of hexagonal
[00:06:59] landforms on Mars. Typically, this must occur in areas
[00:07:03] with high clay content, after repeated cycles of water absorption
[00:07:07] and expansion, followed by shrinkage due to drying,
[00:07:11] which then leads to the appearance of cracks along the edges.
[00:07:15] A study by the University of Prague in 2023
[00:07:18] pointed out that these mud cracks with crooked corners
[00:07:22] are related to repeated cycles of wet and dry environments.
[00:07:26] And according to the rate of formation, these repeated cycles
[00:07:30] may need to last for at least several thousand years
[00:07:33] or more. On Earth, for example,
[00:07:37] we can see them, for instance, in the delta
[00:07:41] region of a river mouth.
[00:08:44] This information, and they hope that one day humans can truly unravel this century-old mystery.
[00:08:47] Recently, a meteorite exploded over the northeastern
[00:08:51] United States, and many residents heard a huge explosion.
[00:08:55] NASA also confirmed that the meteorite entered
[00:08:58] the atmosphere at a speed of about 120,000 kilometers per hour, and then broke up
[00:09:02] at high altitude, releasing energy equivalent to
[00:09:05] 300 tons of TNT.
[00:09:07] On a quiet Saturday afternoon,
[00:09:11] after entering the atmosphere,
[00:09:42] it broke up at an altitude of about 64 kilometers above the surface,
[00:09:46] releasing energy equivalent to 300 tons of TNT. Satellites also recorded
[00:09:50] the huge flash emitted by
[00:09:52] the explosion.
[00:10:07] But the US Geological Survey did not detect an earthquake. Local astronomers also
[00:10:11] stated that
[00:10:28] astronomers do not rule out the possibility of it landing on the surface, but they judge that it is more likely to land in the open sea.
[00:10:32] The Massachusetts Department of Public Safety also pointed out that despite receiving a large number of reports,
[00:10:36] it did not pose any threat to the public. threat.
[00:10:38] Next up, we'll show you how NASA has launched a space
[00:10:42] telescope project, which has compiled this spectacular new
[00:10:46] technical map on an unprecedented scale. Let's take a break
[00:10:49] and we'll be right back. right back.
[00:10:52] Dreams come from
[00:15:12] NASA launched a new mission in 2025. This space telescope
[00:15:16] is like a wide-angle camera in the universe, helping
[00:15:19] humanity understand more about galaxy evolution and galactic
[00:15:23] chemical composition. And recently, it successfully mapped out a
[00:15:27] spectacular interstellar ice map. Unlike the ice we see
[00:15:31] on Earth, these new technical ice formations not only cover
[00:15:34] an area of 600 light-years, but also their composition.
[00:16:07] So if we want to observe these new technical rings or interstellar
[00:16:11] ice, we must use infrared
[00:16:14] light to observe them. Recently, SphereX has mapped out this
[00:16:18] spectacular technical ice map on an unprecedented scale.
[00:16:22] Through infrared observations,
[00:16:25] we can see that the blue parts are interstellar
[00:16:28] ice existing in the giant molecular clouds of the Milky Way,
[00:16:32] and the coverage extends over 600
[00:16:36] light-years, which is quite vast. Unlike ice on Earth,
[00:16:40] the composition of these new ice types is relatively complex,
[00:16:44] including water, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methanol, ammonia,
[00:16:47] and possibly some organic molecules. In fact, ice on
[00:16:51] Earth is probably all water.
[00:16:55] That is, ice formed by water, but in the entire week,
[00:16:58] like so-called dry ice, and so-called oxidized states,
[00:17:02] in fact, all of these we can call a form of ice.
[00:17:06] It's just that when gas encounters a solid surface,
[00:17:09] it's a bit like the concept of frost forming inside our icebox,
[00:17:13] meaning when gas encounters the surface, it condenses and forms
[00:17:17] an ice shell. So, the main result of interstellar ice
[00:17:20] is a dust grain as its core, with an
[00:17:24] ice layer on its surface as its outer shell. In fact,
[00:17:28] this is not the first time humans have detected so-called
[00:17:32] interstellar ice. Previous Webb Space Telescope and the retired
[00:17:36] Spitzer Space
[00:18:18] Safire X can map the sky in 102 colors, with each color representing infrared light, thus providing unique information about the star-forming regions.
[00:18:34] By the end of 2025, Sphere X will have completed its first
[00:19:38] For example, in the interstellar dust map, in the most
[00:19:41] dense regions with the highest dust content, dense structures block
[00:19:45] visible light from background stars, forming a relatively
[00:19:49] dark region. And this time, Sphere X's infrared observations
[00:19:52] also show that in the most dense dust regions, the abundance
[00:19:56] of ice is also the highest. This supports the mainstream theory,
[00:20:00] which is that interstellar ice forms on the surface of tiny
[00:20:04] dust grains and is protected by a dense dust environment
[00:20:50] So the motivation that keeps me going is that I want to bring
[00:20:54] this back from abroad first.
[00:20:55] Just like
[00:21:01] the 23 million people in Taiwan, they all
[00:21:04] want to build a stable home here.
[00:21:08] Every Sunday, we bring you to find the moving power of Taiwan.
[00:21:12] Hi everyone,
[00:23:31] due to online rumors, has seen a large influx of illegal immigrants.
[00:23:45] Welcome back to Discover Science.
[00:23:47] It's the bitter taste of medicinal
[00:23:50] powder. At this time, capsules become the best emergency
[00:23:54] relief. However, did you know that their function is not
[00:23:58] only to mask the taste of medicine, but also to protect the medicine
[00:24:02] from being prematurely destroyed, and only react at the appropriate
[00:24:05] time? What are the raw materials of these capsules?
[00:24:09] And how are they broken down and absorbed by the human body?
[00:24:13] Let's explore together. When sick, doctors prescribe various
[00:24:17] medications, some of which are enough to make one frown just by smelling them.
[00:24:50] In fact, the most common material for capsules is gelatin. This
[00:24:54] is a natural substance obtained from animal skin, bones,
[00:24:58] or cartilage. That gelatin material is usually taken
[00:25:01] from pig bones, pig skin, and cowhide, but if
[00:25:05] it's just these things, it cannot be used directly.
[00:25:09] It needs to go through some processing. After scientists extract collagen
[00:25:13] from animals, through steps such as washing,
[00:25:17] boiling, concentrating, drying, and grinding. In this way,
[00:26:53] it becomes a water-soluble material, which is what is called plant-based HPMC capsules. In addition to having the characteristic of being usable by vegetarians,
[00:26:57] in fact, the greatest value of HPMC capsules is that they can be used
[00:27:01] for
[00:28:02] In fact, most capsules are broken down by the human body
[00:28:06] when they pass through the stomach.
[00:28:07] So these
[00:28:10] capsules are basically broken down by water.
[00:28:14] In the presence of stomach acid, water enters faster,
[00:28:18] so the decomposition speed is faster. We can say more precisely that
[00:28:22] water is responsible for dissolving these capsules, and acid provides
[00:28:25] a better environment for their decomposition. To verify that acid helps
[00:28:29] in capsule decomposition, it's actually very simple. The same capsule, if
[00:28:33] thrown into water, softens and decomposes slowly, but if acid
[00:28:37] is added to the water, it can greatly increase
[00:28:41] the speed at which the capsule is decomposed. Capsules, which are closely related to people's lives,
[00:28:44] actually hide interesting chemical principles behind them.
[00:28:47] Today on the program,
[00:28:49] we learned about Saturn's moon Titan. It is Saturn's
[00:28:53] largest moon, and also the only celestial body in the solar
[00:28:57] system, besides Earth, that has a large amount of liquid
[00:29:01] on its surface. NASA also proposed a brand new mission concept,
[00:29:04] called "The Telescope." They hope to use Titan
[00:29:08] as Earth's dark mirror, to inspire new thinking directions
[00:29:12] on carbon compounds and the origin of life on Earth.
[00:29:15] I'm Kevin Wu. Thank you for watching. Explore
[00:29:19] new scientific knowledge and experience scientific life. Please continue
[00:29:23] to tune in to Discover Science. We'll meet again.
[00:29:25] 。