Cross-source company signals

Nine public-record signal layers per company — SEC disclosure-language shifts, clustered insider Form 4s, congressional trades, 13F/ICI positioning and more, each correlated against the live news cycle — plus a close-based market read with six $20,000 paper books and today's buy / expected-sell / stop levels (educational, not investment advice). Click any name to drill into the source filings; “How to read & use this page” below has the full tour of every layer and click-through.

Cross-source company signals & market read

Captured 2026-09-11 22:00 UTC · 70 companies flagged by clustered insider, congressional and SEC-disclosure activity — paired with a full market read: the Quant Lens, chart setups (The Tape), metals / crypto / forex trend & setups, and an honest close-based recommendation system with six $20,000 paper books (four core + a two-blend US-listed crypto satellite). The live interactive dashboard (Smart-Money scores, the empirical backtest, credit regime, sector momentum, news-cycle correlation) loads further below.

How to read & use this page

Two layers, both computed live and labeled educational (not advice): a public-record signal layer (what insiders, Congress and SEC filings reveal) and a price / technical layer (deterministic quant + chart methods). Everything technical is close-based, so the page is built for a once- or twice-daily check — no real-time screen-watching needed.

  • Flagged companies & Conviction board — names surfaced by clustered insider (Form 4), congressional and SEC-disclosure activity. Click any name to expand its flags (buyer counts, dollar size, bipartisan) and its disclosure-language shift — the actual added / removed / modified sentences from the latest 10-K / 10-Q, with a link to the filing.
  • The Math (Quant Lens) — a deterministic read of the whole market: regime, Sharpe / Sortino, realized vol vs VIX, factor leadership. A diagnostic of conditions, not a trade list.
  • The Tape — trend posture (buy-zone / sell-zone) plus validity-gated chart setups (triangles, wedges, ranges) with concrete entry / trigger / target / stop levels, nearest-to-trigger first.
  • Metals · Crypto · Forex vs USD — the same trend & setup engine across asset classes (a buy-zone in a currency = that currency strengthening vs the dollar).
  • Recommendations & the six $20k paper books — an honest, close-based system: mean-reversion swings (daily / weekly) and momentum rotation (monthly / quarterly) across five asset classes, with a system win rate, per-asset-class rates, and today's actionable picks showing current price, expected sell and stop (tickers click through to the live chart). Six $20,000 paper books — Core (conservative), Leveraged & hedged, Vol-targeted momentum, Tax-Efficient buy-&-hold, plus a two-blend crypto satellite (spot-ETF mean-reversion and a vol-targeted 2x rotation, both via US-listed funds) — each show a hypothetical curve, the trading books a live book recorded forward, and every book its complete trade or rebalance history, newest first, re-cut by the selected time window.

How to use it: scan the Book-moves box for today's buy / expected-sell / stop levels, use The Tape for setup context, and the Flagged-company drill-downs for the “why.” The daily mean-reversion profile's back-tested win rate is recomputed live in the strategy cards below — quoted there, never hardcoded here.

All figures are hypothetical / educational, computed from ~2 years of real data with overlapping samples — not investment advice; past performance does not predict future results.

📋 What the paper books would do as of the 2026-09-11 close Hypothetical · not advice

The orders these hypothetical books would place on this update — today's mean-reversion entries (Core & Leveraged) and this week's rebalance for Portfolio 3. Every level is a daily close, so a once-daily check is enough.

Core today · daily swing
  • BUY XLV Health Care19.08 sh @ $165.36 (12.5% of book) · target $169.58 · stop $155.64
  • BUY NVDA Nvidia14.45 sh @ $218.29 (12.5% of book) · target $222.5 · stop $200.83
  • BUY UNH UnitedHealth8.32 sh @ $379.09 (12.5% of book) · target $393.77 · stop $353.03
  • BUY LLY Eli Lilly2.83 sh @ $1115.7 (12.5% of book) · target $1144.72 · stop $1064.85

SELL Sells are a rule, not a list: Sell at the close on the first up-day (close > prior close), on a close below the stop or below the 200-day trend, or after 7 trading days — all close-based.

Near trigger (RSI₂ between 10 and 15 — the book does not buy these today):

  • WATCH IBIT iShares Bitcoin — RSI₂ 13, above the book's <10 trigger — not a book order; level $43.77 · stop $42.26
Leveraged & hedged today · higher risk
  • BUY LABU 3x Biotech17.07 sh @ $261.3 (12.5% of book) · target $291.34 · stop $222.1
  • BUY CURE 3x Healthcare36.6 sh @ $121.88 (12.5% of book) · target $132.15 · stop $108.98

SELL Sells are a rule, not a list: Sell at the close on the first up-day, on a close below the stop (~15% for leverage) or below the 200-day trend, or after 5 trading days — all close-based.

Vol-targeted momentum this week · rebalance

HOLD Within ~1.5 pts of every target — no rebalance trades this week.

Crypto spot today · 2x weekly · US-listed

HOLD No spot-ETF dip above trend today — no new crypto buys.

Near trigger (RSI₂ between 10 and 15 — the book does not buy these today):

  • WATCH IBIT iShares Bitcoin (spot ETF) — RSI₂ 13, above the book's <10 trigger — not a book order; level $43.77 · stop $42.26

CASH 2x blend de-risked into T-bills — BTC-USD is above its 200-day average, but no 2x fund cleared the entry screen this week (its own 200-day trend, positive 63-day momentum and a usable volatility read) — so the book holds T-bills.

Tax-Efficient buy & hold

HOLD No action — buy & hold. This book is never traded.

Win rates are from one ~2-yr bull market with overlapping (non-independent) samples — an estimate, not a forecast. BUY rows are the book's own entries (RSI₂ < 10); WATCH rows only meet the relaxed weekly screen (RSI₂ 10–14) and the books do not buy them. Share counts are sized to the live book's current balance, not the original $20k seed. Core/Leveraged sells are a mechanical rule (first up-close / stop / trend-break / max-hold), never a fixed ticker list; Portfolio 3's weekly move is a rebalance to target weights (deltas exact, share counts approximate). A stop doesn't guarantee the exit price — gaps can skip it. Live prices (where shown) are current / extended-hours context only — the buy / stop / target levels stay close-based, and the backtested edge does NOT cover pre-market / after-hours fills (thinner, wider spreads). The “at/below the level” note just means the close-based price is still within reach right now — it is not a buy signal; on a sharp gap the level can be reached precisely because the move broke the confirmed-uptrend the signal assumed, so the edge no longer applies. Verify every price before acting. This box shows today's prescribed orders and does NOT change with the Adjust controls below. Full portfolio detail & backtests ↓

$20k paper portfolios as of 2026-09-11

System win rate 67% across four cadences and five asset classes (10579 holding-period samples over ~2.2y after the trend warm-up). Regime risk-on. $20,000 backtest → $26,058 (+30.3%), max drawdown -7.3%.

Six hypothetical paper books on the same deterministic engine — four core books plus a two-blend crypto satellite (US-listed spot & 2x ETFs) — pick one in the table to open its full detail. The trading books run two close-based edges (no real-time needed): daily/weekly mean-reversion (buy an RSI₂ dip in a confirmed uptrend, exit on the first up-close) and monthly/quarterly momentum rotation on baskets. Win rate = share of holding periods positive; overlapping samples; hypothetical, not advice.

Window:
SPY buy & hold benchmark · total return — the broad-market bar every book must beat bt +43.2%$28,637 today Hold
QQQ buy & hold benchmark · total return — Nasdaq-100 — the growth pure play bt +59.0%$31,791 today Hold

Click a portfolio to open its full detail below — equity curve, holdings & trades. Backtest = the hypothetical reconstructed return over the selected window (defaults to the full ~2y span); Live · followed = the $20k paper book replayed as if every prescribed move was taken, then recorded forward. Both net of ~3 bps costs + dividends. Use ⚙ Adjust for window, contributions & after-tax view — those reshape the open book below and these leaderboard numbers (an adj mark then flags a tuned figure). The SPY and QQQ buy & hold rows are the do-nothing benchmarks over the same window — SPY is the broad-market bar, QQQ the Nasdaq-100 growth pure play these books tilt toward; a book only earns its complexity by beating the benchmark it actually competes with. Hypothetical, not advice.

Adjust your view starting amount · contributions · after-tax · reset
Tax view:
Trade lists:
Contributions: every

Pick a window to re-seed each $20,000 backtest at that start date and list every trade made since, newest first — all portfolios resize together (full stepped span ~2y; the ~2y price window loses its first 200 days to the trend warm-up; live books are recorded-forward and unaffected). After-tax is liquidation-basis: it applies your assumed US federal capital-gains rate to the whole window gain (including open, unrealized positions) as if everything were sold on the window's last day — the trading books at the short-term (ordinary) rate, the buy-&-hold book at the long-term rate once the window exceeds one year. This assumes a taxable account — inside a 401(k), IRA or Roth there is no capital-gains tax, so the high-turnover books pay $0 drag and this edge disappears. State tax excluded. Contributions: set a starting principal and a recurring deposit (dollar-cost averaging) — each deposit is invested on its date and compounds along the strategy's path from then on, applied to every book; returns then show on the total dollars you put in. Educational, not tax/investment advice.

New here? How these paper books work
  • Six paper books, all seeded with the same $20,000, all for learning (not advice). The leaderboard compares them; click a row to open that book's full detail: equity curve, live forward book, and complete trade history.
  • "Core" is the conservative starting point: a mostly-in-cash mean-reversion + rotation system with the smoothest ride. "Leveraged & hedged" is the aggressive sibling that trades 3x and inverse ETFs: bigger swings, deeper drawdowns, only for money you could afford to lose. "Vol-targeted momentum" rotates weekly into leveraged momentum ETFs under a volatility target (highest risk, and historically the highest return here). "Tax-Efficient" buys 16 broad ETFs once and never trades: its edge is what you keep after taxes, not what it earns before them. The crypto satellite runs two blends through US-listed funds: "Crypto spot" buys spot Bitcoin/Ether ETF dips, and "Crypto 2x" rotates weekly across 2x funds, parking in T-bills when Bitcoin's own trend breaks (extreme risk).
  • How a book acts on a pick: it buys near the listed entry, sells at the expected-sell target or on the first up-close, and exits on a close below the stop. Every level is a daily close, so the books are read once or twice a day, not watched.
  • The books size small and spread out: Core holds up to 8 positions at roughly equal weight and the crypto blend caps at 3, so no single trade can sink a book. Read the crypto cap honestly, though: IBIT and FBTC are two wrappers on the SAME asset (spot Bitcoin), so 3 slots is at most 2 distinct exposures and a full crypto book is about two-thirds Bitcoin.
  • The stop is what the backtest assumes: the published win rate and drawdown only hold if every stop is taken at the close, without exception.
  • Every book publishes its complete history, newest first: each round-trip for the mean-reversion books, each weekly rebalance for the rotation books, the one-time basket for buy-&-hold. Pick a time window and the lists re-cut to exactly what each book did in that stretch. Read the losing trades before trusting any headline number.
  • Leverage cuts both ways: 2x and 3x ETFs amplify losses as much as gains and decay in choppy markets, which is why holds are short and stops are wider. The weekly rotation books de-lever into income or T-bill ETFs when volatility spikes.
The $20,000 portfolio Grade A Core — conservative
Backtest (~2y, hypothetical) since 2024-09-09
$20,000 → $26,058 (+30.3%)win 69% · 1442 tradesmax drawdown -7.3%SPY same period +39.9%
YTD +22.9% SPY +12.7%1Y +20% SPY +18.5%
Live book — prescribed moves followed (replay-seeded, then recorded forward) since 2024-06-03 stepped to 2026-09-11
$20,000 → $25,238 (+26.2%)4 open · 500 closed · win 70%cash $12,618
Open positions
  • XLV Health Care19.08 sh (12.5%), basis $3,155 @ $165.36 → last $165.36 (0%) · sell ≈ $169.58 · stop $155.64
  • NVDA Nvidia14.45 sh (12.5%), basis $3,155 @ $218.29 → last $218.29 (0%) · sell ≈ $222.5 · stop $200.83
  • UNH UnitedHealth8.32 sh (12.5%), basis $3,155 @ $379.09 → last $379.09 (0%) · sell ≈ $393.77 · stop $353.03
  • LLY Eli Lilly2.83 sh (12.5%), basis $3,155 @ $1115.7 → last $1115.7 (0%) · sell ≈ $1144.72 · stop $1064.85
Backtest trade log newest 40 of 1442 round-trips
  • 2026-09-11 IWM — bought 11.21 sh @ $290.64 (2026-09-09, $3,257) → sold @ $288.89 = -$20 (-0.6%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-11 QQQ — bought 4.55 sh @ $716.31 (2026-09-09, $3,257) → sold @ $714.88 = -$7 (-0.2%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-11 XLF — bought 57.19 sh @ $57.3 (2026-09-08, $3,277) → sold @ $57.25 = -$3 (-0.09%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-11 DIA — bought 6.21 sh @ $528.03 (2026-09-08, $3,277) → sold @ $525.79 = -$14 (-0.42%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-11 SPY — bought 4.28 sh @ $765.96 (2026-09-08, $3,278) → sold @ $764.29 = -$7 (-0.22%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-11 V — bought 8.8 sh @ $375.07 (2026-09-04, $3,299) → sold @ $370.45 = -$41 (-1.23%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-11 MA — bought 5.7 sh @ $579.21 (2026-09-04, $3,299) → sold @ $569.19 = -$57 (-1.73%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-11 XLB — bought 62.92 sh @ $52.44 (2026-09-04, $3,299) → sold @ $50.95 = -$94 (-2.84%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-09 LLY — bought 2.87 sh @ $1149.36 (2026-09-04, $3,299) → sold @ $1124.21 = -$72 (-2.19%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-09 XLP — bought 39.01 sh @ $84.58 (2026-09-04, $3,300) → sold @ $83.05 = -$60 (-1.81%) trend-break
  • 2026-09-08 XLE — bought 51.51 sh @ $64.06 (2026-09-04, $3,300) → sold @ $64.77 = +$37 (+1.11%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-08 XOM — bought 20.27 sh @ $162.21 (2026-09-03, $3,288) → sold @ $160.66 = -$31 (-0.96%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-04 AMD — bought 7.04 sh @ $457.06 (2026-09-02, $3,219) → sold @ $477.57 = +$144 (+4.49%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-03 XLI — bought 18.63 sh @ $172.78 (2026-09-02, $3,219) → sold @ $174.56 = +$33 (+1.03%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-03 AMZN — bought 12.62 sh @ $254.98 (2026-09-02, $3,219) → sold @ $258.9 = +$49 (+1.54%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-03 ETH-USD — bought 1.35 sh @ $2391.5 (2026-09-02, $3,219) → sold @ $2508.02 = +$157 (+4.87%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-03 BTC-USD — bought 0.04 sh @ $77300.48 (2026-09-02, $3,219) → sold @ $81271.74 = +$165 (+5.14%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-03 XLK — bought 17.53 sh @ $183.6 (2026-09-02, $3,219) → sold @ $185.97 = +$42 (+1.29%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-03 MSFT — bought 6.4 sh @ $501.02 (2026-09-01, $3,208) → sold @ $510.12 = +$58 (+1.82%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-03 XLRE — bought 72.59 sh @ $44.48 (2026-08-28, $3,229) → sold @ $44.25 = -$17 (-0.52%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-02 XLF — bought 56.08 sh @ $57.2 (2026-09-01, $3,208) → sold @ $57.66 = +$26 (+0.8%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-02 IWM — bought 11.04 sh @ $290.57 (2026-09-01, $3,208) → sold @ $294.01 = +$38 (+1.18%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-02 DIA — bought 6.05 sh @ $531.57 (2026-08-31, $3,214) → sold @ $530.62 = -$6 (-0.18%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-02 SPY — bought 4.19 sh @ $767.05 (2026-08-31, $3,214) → sold @ $765.16 = -$8 (-0.25%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-02 XLB — bought 60.72 sh @ $53.18 (2026-08-28, $3,229) → sold @ $52.95 = -$14 (-0.43%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-02 XLI — bought 18.23 sh @ $177.14 (2026-08-28, $3,229) → sold @ $172.78 = -$79 (-2.46%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-01 UNH — bought 8.22 sh @ $392.95 (2026-08-28, $3,229) → sold @ $396.3 = +$28 (+0.85%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-01 XLV — bought 18.66 sh @ $171.58 (2026-08-27, $3,202) → sold @ $171.67 = +$2 (+0.05%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-01 LLY — bought 2.62 sh @ $1233.66 (2026-08-25, $3,235) → sold @ $1160 = -$193 (-5.97%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-08-31 ETH-USD — bought 1.32 sh @ $2442.54 (2026-08-28, $3,229) → sold @ $2466.82 = +$32 (+0.99%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-08-31 AMD — bought 6.94 sh @ $465.58 (2026-08-28, $3,229) → sold @ $470.72 = +$36 (+1.1%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-08-28 XLF — bought 55.33 sh @ $57.88 (2026-08-27, $3,202) → sold @ $58.1 = +$12 (+0.38%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-08-28 MA — bought 5.4 sh @ $598.47 (2026-08-26, $3,234) → sold @ $595.3 = -$17 (-0.53%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-08-28 GOOGL — bought 9.46 sh @ $342 (2026-08-26, $3,234) → sold @ $346.59 = +$43 (+1.34%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-08-28 AMZN — bought 12.43 sh @ $260.28 (2026-08-26, $3,234) → sold @ $266.43 = +$76 (+2.36%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-08-28 XLP — bought 37.49 sh @ $86.27 (2026-08-26, $3,234) → sold @ $85.45 = -$31 (-0.95%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-08-28 XOM — bought 19.85 sh @ $164.05 (2026-08-24, $3,257) → sold @ $156.71 = -$146 (-4.47%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-08-27 XLY — bought 27.61 sh @ $117.16 (2026-08-26, $3,234) → sold @ $115.88 = -$35 (-1.09%) trend-break
  • 2026-08-26 ETH-USD — bought 1.32 sh @ $2443.16 (2026-08-25, $3,235) → sold @ $2506.26 = +$84 (+2.58%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-08-26 XLI — bought 18.13 sh @ $178.4 (2026-08-25, $3,235) → sold @ $180.34 = +$35 (+1.09%) target (up-close)
Entry / exits by asset class mean-reversion win rate
Indices 76% n=457Commodities 71% n=495Sectors 70% n=1084Single stocks 69% n=1782Crypto 65% n=275
Actionable today buy levels + stops
  • XLV Health Care · sectors — buy 19.08 sh @ $165.36 (12.5% of book) · sell ≈ $169.58 · stop $155.64
  • NVDA Nvidia · stocks — buy 14.45 sh @ $218.29 (12.5% of book) · sell ≈ $222.5 · stop $200.83
  • UNH UnitedHealth · stocks — buy 8.32 sh @ $379.09 (12.5% of book) · sell ≈ $393.77 · stop $353.03
  • LLY Eli Lilly · stocks — buy 2.83 sh @ $1115.7 (12.5% of book) · sell ≈ $1144.72 · stop $1064.85

Sell at the close on the first up-day (close > prior close), on a close below the stop or below the 200-day trend, or after 7 trading days — all close-based.  Momentum rotation holds: XLK +36.2% · QQQ +19.7% · XLF +17.2%.

Win rate by cadence
  • Daily swing mean-reversion 70% win · n=3756
    avg +0.25%/holdbeat SPY 55.8%win +1.34% / loss -2.29%
    Buy an RSI(2) dip below 10 in a confirmed uptrend (price > 200-day avg) while the market is risk-on; exit on the first up-close, a close below the stop or the 200-day trend, or after 7 trading days. All close-based — the exact profile the $20k Core book trades.
    Today:
    XLV Health Care RSI₂ 0NVDA Nvidia RSI₂ 0UNH UnitedHealth RSI₂ 0LLY Eli Lilly RSI₂ 0
  • Weekly swing mean-reversion 70% win · n=4093
    avg +0.24%/holdbeat SPY 55.8%win +1.33% / loss -2.27%
    Relaxed RSI(2) < 15 entry, up to a 10-day hold — exit on the bounce, the stop, or a trend-break.
    Today:
    XLV Health Care RSI₂ 0NVDA Nvidia RSI₂ 0UNH UnitedHealth RSI₂ 0LLY Eli Lilly RSI₂ 0IBIT iShares Bitcoin RSI₂ 13
  • Monthly rotation momentum 61% win · n=1428
    avg +2.4%/holdbeat SPY 53.9%win +8% / loss -6.51%
    Hold the top-3 6-month leaders above their 200-day avg (sectors/indices/metal-bond baskets) while SPY is risk-on, else cash. Rebalance monthly.
    Today:
    XLK Technology +36.2%QQQ Nasdaq-100 +19.7%XLF Financials +17.2%
  • Quarterly rotation momentum 58% win · n=1302
    avg +7.63%/holdbeat SPY 54.4%win +19.73% / loss -9.37%
    Same momentum rotation, rebalanced quarterly.
    Today:
    XLK Technology +36.2%QQQ Nasdaq-100 +19.7%XLF Financials +17.2%
Portfolio 2 — Leveraged & hedged Grade A higher risk · 71% win

Higher-risk second book: Direxion-style 3x long ETFs, inverse ETFs (the hedge — bought when THEY are trending up, i.e. the market is falling), and covered-call income ETFs. Same close-based mean-reversion gated on each ticker's OWN trend (no market-regime gate), so it self-rotates long↔inverse. Wider ~15% stop; short holds limit leverage decay.

Backtest (~2y, hypothetical) since 2024-09-09
$20,000 → $35,907 (+79.5%)win 70% · 771 tradesmax drawdown -14.4%SPY same period +39.9%
YTD +35.4% SPY +12.7%1Y +58.2% SPY +18.5%
Live book — prescribed moves followed (replay-seeded, then recorded forward) since 2024-06-03 stepped to 2026-09-11
$20,000 → $35,688 (+78.4%)2 open · 500 closed · win 71%cash $27,342
Open positions
  • CURE 3x Healthcare36.14 sh (12.3%), basis $4,559 @ $126.16 → last $121.88 (-3.39%) · sell ≈ $132.15 · stop $108.75
  • LABU 3x Biotech15.09 sh (11%), basis $4,580 @ $303.55 → last $261.3 (-13.92%) · sell ≈ $291.34 · stop $258.02
leveraged 72% n=1170inverse 55% n=80income 71% n=427
Actionable today
  • LABU 3x Biotech · leveraged — now/buy $261.3 · sell ≈ $291.34 · stop $222.1
  • CURE 3x Healthcare · leveraged — now/buy $121.88 · sell ≈ $132.15 · stop $108.98

Sell at the close on the first up-day, on a close below the stop (~15% for leverage) or below the 200-day trend, or after 5 trading days — all close-based.

Backtest trade log newest 40 of 771 round-trips
  • 2026-09-11 TQQQ — bought 63.21 sh @ $71.55 (2026-09-09, $4,523) → sold @ $70.98 = -$36 (-0.8%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-11 SSO — bought 65.52 sh @ $70.01 (2026-09-08, $4,587) → sold @ $69.63 = -$25 (-0.54%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-11 UDOW — bought 64.84 sh @ $70.75 (2026-09-08, $4,587) → sold @ $69.72 = -$67 (-1.46%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-11 FAS — bought 26.23 sh @ $174.86 (2026-09-08, $4,587) → sold @ $173.91 = -$25 (-0.54%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-11 UPRO — bought 30.73 sh @ $149.3 (2026-09-08, $4,587) → sold @ $148.02 = -$39 (-0.86%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-11 SPXL — bought 16.07 sh @ $285.44 (2026-09-08, $4,588) → sold @ $282.93 = -$40 (-0.88%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-09 NUGT — bought 24.33 sh @ $188.48 (2026-09-08, $4,587) → sold @ $192.46 = +$97 (+2.11%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-03 TECL — bought 23.66 sh @ $193.83 (2026-09-02, $4,586) → sold @ $201.29 = +$177 (+3.85%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-02 XYLD — bought 109.44 sh @ $41.32 (2026-09-01, $4,522) → sold @ $41.48 = +$18 (+0.39%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-02 FAS — bought 25.94 sh @ $174.34 (2026-09-01, $4,522) → sold @ $178.35 = +$104 (+2.3%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-02 SSO — bought 64.1 sh @ $70.29 (2026-08-31, $4,505) → sold @ $69.93 = -$23 (-0.51%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-02 UDOW — bought 63.25 sh @ $72.41 (2026-08-31, $4,580) → sold @ $71.96 = -$28 (-0.62%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-02 TNA — bought 66.75 sh @ $68.61 (2026-08-31, $4,580) → sold @ $68.59 = -$1 (-0.03%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-02 UPRO — bought 30.48 sh @ $150.27 (2026-08-31, $4,580) → sold @ $149.14 = -$34 (-0.75%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-02 SPXL — bought 15.94 sh @ $287.33 (2026-08-31, $4,580) → sold @ $285.07 = -$36 (-0.79%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-02 DIVO — bought 95.69 sh @ $48.63 (2026-08-27, $4,653) → sold @ $48.28 = -$33 (-0.72%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-01 JEPI — bought 80.44 sh @ $57.85 (2026-08-27, $4,653) → sold @ $57 = -$68 (-1.47%) trend-break
  • 2026-09-01 CURE — bought 33.91 sh @ $137.23 (2026-08-27, $4,654) → sold @ $137.05 = -$6 (-0.13%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-08-31 LABU — bought 14.05 sh @ $331.23 (2026-08-27, $4,654) → sold @ $296.31 = -$491 (-10.54%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-08-28 FAS — bought 25.69 sh @ $181.14 (2026-08-27, $4,654) → sold @ $182.73 = +$41 (+0.88%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-08-25 RYLD — bought 284.54 sh @ $16.21 (2026-08-24, $4,612) → sold @ $16.26 = +$14 (+0.31%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-08-25 TECL — bought 25.04 sh @ $184.21 (2026-08-24, $4,613) → sold @ $189.43 = +$131 (+2.83%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-08-25 SOXL — bought 41.5 sh @ $111.16 (2026-08-24, $4,613) → sold @ $115.67 = +$187 (+4.06%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-08-25 XYLD — bought 110.79 sh @ $41.64 (2026-08-21, $4,613) → sold @ $41.36 = -$31 (-0.67%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-08-21 FAS — bought 26.53 sh @ $172.89 (2026-08-20, $4,587) → sold @ $177.52 = +$123 (+2.68%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-08-21 JEPQ — bought 76.93 sh @ $59.87 (2026-08-19, $4,606) → sold @ $59.84 = -$2 (-0.05%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-08-21 TECL — bought 23.57 sh @ $195.39 (2026-08-19, $4,606) → sold @ $194.81 = -$14 (-0.3%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-08-21 QLD — bought 49.48 sh @ $93.84 (2026-08-17, $4,643) → sold @ $89.53 = -$213 (-4.59%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-08-21 TQQQ — bought 60.78 sh @ $76.4 (2026-08-17, $4,644) → sold @ $71.17 = -$318 (-6.85%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-08-20 SOXL — bought 38.15 sh @ $120.74 (2026-08-19, $4,606) → sold @ $122.21 = +$56 (+1.22%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-08-19 QYLD — bought 252.24 sh @ $18.2 (2026-08-18, $4,591) → sold @ $18.21 = +$3 (+0.05%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-08-19 TNA — bought 62.46 sh @ $73.5 (2026-08-18, $4,591) → sold @ $74.54 = +$65 (+1.41%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-08-19 SSO — bought 64.93 sh @ $71.5 (2026-08-17, $4,643) → sold @ $70.81 = -$45 (-0.97%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-08-19 UDOW — bought 63.02 sh @ $73.67 (2026-08-17, $4,643) → sold @ $73.67 = +$0 (0%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-08-19 UPRO — bought 30.07 sh @ $154.4 (2026-08-17, $4,643) → sold @ $152.16 = -$67 (-1.45%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-08-19 SPXL — bought 15.74 sh @ $294.99 (2026-08-17, $4,644) → sold @ $290.86 = -$65 (-1.4%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-08-18 FAS — bought 25.97 sh @ $178.81 (2026-08-17, $4,643) → sold @ $181.17 = +$61 (+1.32%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-08-18 CURE — bought 36.13 sh @ $128.62 (2026-08-14, $4,647) → sold @ $133.72 = +$184 (+3.97%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-08-13 UDOW — bought 61.07 sh @ $75.1 (2026-08-11, $4,587) → sold @ $75.31 = +$13 (+0.28%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-08-12 JEPQ — bought 76.8 sh @ $59.65 (2026-08-11, $4,581) → sold @ $60 = +$27 (+0.59%) target (up-close)
Portfolio 3 — Vol-targeted momentum Grade C highest risk · 52% weekly-win · Sharpe 0.98

Third book (highest return, highest risk) — the tournament winner of a 6-strategy backtest. Each week it rotates into the top-3 leveraged (2x/3x) ETFs by 63-day momentum that are above their 200-day average, weights them inversely to volatility, then scales total exposure to a ~25% volatility target — de-levering into JEPQ when volatility spikes or SPY is below its 200DMA. The highest-return book here AND, net of costs and dividends, the best risk-adjusted return (Sharpe) of the three stock books (Core / Leveraged / P3) — but leverage makes the drawdown deep (the grade is held back by that drawdown, not by performance). Survived param / single-leg / single-month robustness checks.

Backtest (~2y, hypothetical) since 2024-09-09
$20,000 → $34,682 (+73.4%)weekly-win 52% · Sharpe 0.98max drawdown -32.7%SPY same period +39.9%
YTD +18.9% SPY +12.7%1Y +48.5% SPY +18.5%
Live book — prescribed moves followed (replay-seeded, then recorded forward) since 2024-06-03 stepped to 2026-09-11
$20,000 → $31,451 (+57.3%)4 holdingscash $-5
JEPQ 42.7% 224.4 sh · basis $13,414 @ $59.78FAS 28.4% 51.34 sh · basis $8,929 @ $173.91CURE 18% 46.35 sh · basis $5,649 @ $121.88LABU 11% 13.25 sh · basis $3,463 @ $261.3
This week's target allocation rebalanced weekly
JEPQ JPM Nasdaq Premium Income (park) 42.6% 224.39 sh @ $59.78FAS 3x Financials 28.4% 51.34 sh @ $173.91CURE 3x Healthcare 18% 46.35 sh @ $121.88LABU 3x Biotech 11% 13.25 sh @ $261.3
Backtest rebalance log newest 20 of 101 weekly rebalances
  • 2026-09-08 ($35,410): LABU 11.3% 13.68sh@$293.07 · FAS 28.9% 58.63sh@$174.86 · CURE 18.2% 51.06sh@$126.16 · JEPQ 41.5% 245.77sh@$59.85
  • 2026-08-31 ($36,203): LABU 11.3% 13.83sh@$296.31 · CURE 20.7% 55.67sh@$134.62 · FAS 38.7% 78.24sh@$179.06 · JEPQ 29.3% 175.96sh@$60.22
  • 2026-08-24 ($37,034): LABU 11.7% 14.02sh@$308.33 · CURE 19% 48.49sh@$144.96 · FAS 32.1% 64.59sh@$184.23 · JEPQ 37.2% 231.98sh@$59.42
  • 2026-08-17 ($36,478): LABU 19.5% 24.81sh@$287.3 · DPST 38.7% 92.44sh@$152.56 · CURE 31.9% 90.89sh@$127.86 · JEPQ 9.9% 59.81sh@$60.56
  • 2026-08-10 ($36,636): CURE 23.4% 65.35sh@$131.19 · LABU 16.1% 21sh@$280.02 · FAS 39.6% 79.89sh@$181.37 · JEPQ 21% 128.91sh@$59.68
  • 2026-08-03 ($34,096): CURE 22.7% 65.59sh@$117.9 · LABU 15.6% 23.35sh@$228.04 · FAS 32.1% 61.62sh@$177.74 · JEPQ 29.6% 172.82sh@$58.34
  • 2026-07-27 ($34,172): CURE 21.4% 60.49sh@$120.78 · LABU 15.1% 20.95sh@$246.27 · FAS 28.5% 56.08sh@$173.8 · JEPQ 35% 207.14sh@$57.74
  • 2026-07-20 ($34,813): SOXL 4.6% 11.63sh@$136.81 · TECL 8.9% 17.38sh@$177.86 · ROM 13.2% 35.07sh@$130.94 · JEPQ 73.4% 435.83sh@$58.59
  • 2026-07-13 ($36,314): SOXL 5.1% 11.09sh@$165.37 · TECL 9.7% 18sh@$196.5 · LABU 12.8% 17.1sh@$272.84 · JEPQ 72.4% 440.96sh@$59.59
  • 2026-07-06 ($37,354): SOXL 3.9% 7.39sh@$194.65 · TECL 7.1% 12.91sh@$204.9 · LABU 11.1% 13.6sh@$304.95 · JEPQ 78% 484.12sh@$60.16
  • 2026-06-26 ($36,639): SOXL 3.6% 6.19sh@$215.6 · TECL 6.6% 12.12sh@$198.99 · ROM 9.8% 25.57sh@$139.97 · JEPQ 80% 493.35sh@$59.42
  • 2026-06-18 ($38,810): SOXL 4% 5.56sh@$279.29 · TECL 7% 11.41sh@$236.49 · ROM 10.3% 25.51sh@$157.01 · JEPQ 78.7% 498.13sh@$61.34
  • 2026-06-11 ($36,838): SOXL 4.3% 7.04sh@$223.99 · TECL 7.5% 13.09sh@$210.15 · ROM 11.1% 28.39sh@$144.44 · JEPQ 77.1% 477.49sh@$59.49
  • 2026-06-04 ($39,231): SOXL 6.1% 9.12sh@$262.7 · TECL 11.7% 18.2sh@$253.01 · ROM 17.4% 42.19sh@$161.98 · JEPQ 64.7% 418.21sh@$60.73
  • 2026-05-28 ($37,820): SOXL 5.9% 10sh@$224.63 · TECL 12.2% 20.07sh@$230.25 · ROM 18.1% 44.96sh@$152.17 · JEPQ 63.7% 395.57sh@$60.95
  • 2026-05-20 ($35,596): SOXL 5.8% 11.96sh@$173.2 · TECL 11.2% 20.23sh@$196.9 · TQQQ 16.6% 77.09sh@$76.51 · JEPQ 66.4% 394.18sh@$59.98
  • 2026-05-13 ($35,786): SOXL 6.9% 13.4sh@$184.24 · TECL 12.7% 23.11sh@$197.15 · TQQQ 18.6% 86.13sh@$77.24 · JEPQ 61.8% 369.09sh@$59.89
  • 2026-05-06 ($34,056): SOXL 9.2% 18.97sh@$165.85 · TECL 15.4% 29.79sh@$176.03 · ROM 22.7% 61sh@$126.9 · JEPQ 52.6% 301.74sh@$59.4
  • 2026-04-29 ($30,691): SOXL 9% 23.54sh@$117.97 · TECL 15.3% 32.38sh@$145.1 · ROM 22.5% 61.97sh@$111.34 · JEPQ 53.2% 276.53sh@$59
  • 2026-04-22 ($30,340): SOXL 6.7% 19.21sh@$105.64 · TECL 10.4% 22.09sh@$143.38 · ROM 15.7% 43.03sh@$110.34 · JEPQ 67.2% 346.31sh@$58.89
Portfolio 5a — Crypto: spot-ETF mean-reversion Grade A US-listed · BTC/ETH · 74% win

Two $20k crypto blends, both via US-LISTED funds any US brokerage account can hold — no offshore exchange, no wallet custody, gains land on a normal 1099-B. CONSERVATIVE blend: spot-ETF mean-reversion (IBIT / FBTC / ETHA) — buy an RSI(2)<10 dip while the fund is above its own 200-day average, exit on the first up-close / ~20% stop / trend-break / 5-day max, max 3 positions, the rest in cash. LEVERAGED blend (extreme risk): weekly rotation across 2x Bitcoin (BITX) and 2x Ether (ETHU) by 63-day momentum above the 200-day, vol-parity weighted, total exposure scaled to a ~40% volatility target — de-levering into a T-bill ETF (BIL) when crypto vol spikes, when a fund breaks its own 200-day trend, or when BITCOIN itself is below its 200-day average (the blend's risk switch is Bitcoin's trend, not the S&P 500's). 2x crypto ETFs decay hard in chop and this blend can draw down 50%+. Because exposure is vol-scaled, a fully switched-on week still parks roughly half the book in T-bills.

Backtest (~2y, hypothetical) since 2024-09-09
$20,000 → $27,019 (+35.1%)win 74% · 95 tradesmax drawdown -14.9%SPY same period +39.9%
YTD +2.5% SPY +12.7%1Y +4.7% SPY +18.5%
Live book — prescribed moves followed (replay-seeded, then recorded forward) since 2024-06-06 stepped to 2026-09-11
$20,000 → $27,019 (+35.1%)0 open · 95 closed · win 74%cash $27,019
Actionable today

No new buy today — none of IBIT / FBTC / ETHA is both above its own 200-day average and oversold (RSI₂ below 10), so the book stays in cash. This blend is deliberately out of the market most days; it holds a position only while a dip is unwinding.

Backtest trade log newest 40 of 95 round-trips
  • 2026-09-11 ETHA — bought 479.5 sh @ $18.56 (2026-09-10, $8,900) → sold @ $19.16 = +$288 (+3.23%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-11 FBTC — bought 131.92 sh @ $68.22 (2026-09-08, $8,999) → sold @ $67.25 = -$128 (-1.42%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-11 IBIT — bought 202.76 sh @ $44.39 (2026-09-08, $9,000) → sold @ $43.77 = -$126 (-1.4%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-03 FBTC — bought 126.58 sh @ $67.29 (2026-09-02, $8,517) → sold @ $71.21 = +$496 (+5.83%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-03 IBIT — bought 194.58 sh @ $43.79 (2026-09-02, $8,521) → sold @ $46.35 = +$498 (+5.85%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-09-03 ETHA — bought 472.11 sh @ $18.05 (2026-09-02, $8,522) → sold @ $19.02 = +$458 (+5.37%) target (up-close)
  • 2026-01-20 ETHA — bought 353.02 sh @ $24.88 (2026-01-16, $8,783) → sold @ $22.67 = -$780 (-8.88%) trend-break
  • 2025-11-17 ETHA — bought 354.76 sh @ $25.79 (2025-11-12, $9,149) → sold @ $22.71 = -$1,093 (-11.94%) trend-break
  • 2025-11-05 ETHA — bought 367.81 sh @ $24.28 (2025-11-04, $8,930) → sold @ $26.08 = +$662 (+7.41%) target (up-close)
  • 2025-10-31 ETHA — bought 304.59 sh @ $29.52 (2025-10-29, $8,991) → sold @ $29.36 = -$49 (-0.54%) target (up-close)
  • 2025-10-31 FBTC — bought 93.3 sh @ $96.41 (2025-10-29, $8,995) → sold @ $95.69 = -$67 (-0.75%) target (up-close)
  • 2025-10-31 IBIT — bought 143.36 sh @ $62.75 (2025-10-29, $8,996) → sold @ $62.3 = -$65 (-0.72%) target (up-close)
  • 2025-10-23 ETHA — bought 311.3 sh @ $28.76 (2025-10-22, $8,953) → sold @ $29.19 = +$134 (+1.5%) target (up-close)
  • 2025-10-20 FBTC — bought 92.52 sh @ $92.86 (2025-10-17, $8,592) → sold @ $96.69 = +$354 (+4.12%) target (up-close)
  • 2025-10-20 IBIT — bought 142.28 sh @ $60.47 (2025-10-17, $8,604) → sold @ $62.93 = +$350 (+4.07%) target (up-close)
  • 2025-10-20 ETHA — bought 297.61 sh @ $30.15 (2025-10-15, $8,973) → sold @ $30.14 = -$3 (-0.03%) target (up-close)
  • 2025-10-17 FBTC — bought 89.02 sh @ $101.73 (2025-10-10, $9,056) → sold @ $92.86 = -$790 (-8.72%) time
  • 2025-10-17 IBIT — bought 136.81 sh @ $66.2 (2025-10-10, $9,057) → sold @ $60.47 = -$784 (-8.66%) time
  • 2025-10-13 ETHA — bought 299.74 sh @ $30.2 (2025-10-10, $9,052) → sold @ $32.18 = +$593 (+6.56%) target (up-close)
  • 2025-09-29 FBTC — bought 92.16 sh @ $95.21 (2025-09-26, $8,775) → sold @ $99.81 = +$424 (+4.83%) target (up-close)
  • 2025-09-29 IBIT — bought 141.68 sh @ $61.94 (2025-09-26, $8,776) → sold @ $64.97 = +$429 (+4.89%) target (up-close)
  • 2025-09-26 ETHA — bought 293.82 sh @ $29.58 (2025-09-25, $8,691) → sold @ $30.46 = +$259 (+2.97%) target (up-close)
  • 2025-09-24 ETHA — bought 273.74 sh @ $31.41 (2025-09-23, $8,598) → sold @ $31.46 = +$14 (+0.16%) target (up-close)
  • 2025-09-24 FBTC — bought 88.06 sh @ $97.81 (2025-09-22, $8,614) → sold @ $98.95 = +$100 (+1.17%) target (up-close)
  • 2025-09-24 IBIT — bought 135.34 sh @ $63.65 (2025-09-22, $8,614) → sold @ $64.42 = +$104 (+1.21%) target (up-close)
  • 2025-09-23 ETHA — bought 275.17 sh @ $31.29 (2025-09-22, $8,610) → sold @ $31.41 = +$33 (+0.38%) target (up-close)
  • 2025-09-17 ETHA — bought 252.97 sh @ $34 (2025-09-16, $8,601) → sold @ $34.18 = +$46 (+0.53%) target (up-close)
  • 2025-09-10 ETHA — bought 264.29 sh @ $32.48 (2025-09-09, $8,583) → sold @ $32.7 = +$59 (+0.69%) target (up-close)
  • 2025-09-03 ETHA — bought 251 sh @ $33.57 (2025-08-28, $8,426) → sold @ $33.87 = +$75 (+0.89%) target (up-close)
  • 2025-09-02 FBTC — bought 88.59 sh @ $94.39 (2025-08-29, $8,362) → sold @ $96.67 = +$202 (+2.42%) target (up-close)
  • 2025-09-02 IBIT — bought 136.11 sh @ $61.44 (2025-08-29, $8,363) → sold @ $62.97 = +$208 (+2.49%) target (up-close)
  • 2025-08-27 FBTC — bought 86.44 sh @ $96.94 (2025-08-26, $8,380) → sold @ $97.8 = +$74 (+0.89%) target (up-close)
  • 2025-08-27 IBIT — bought 132.81 sh @ $63.1 (2025-08-26, $8,380) → sold @ $63.65 = +$73 (+0.87%) target (up-close)
  • 2025-08-20 ETHA — bought 257.41 sh @ $33.15 (2025-08-15, $8,533) → sold @ $32.91 = -$62 (-0.72%) target (up-close)
  • 2025-08-20 FBTC — bought 83.67 sh @ $102.03 (2025-08-15, $8,537) → sold @ $99.68 = -$197 (-2.3%) target (up-close)
  • 2025-08-20 IBIT — bought 128.5 sh @ $66.44 (2025-08-15, $8,538) → sold @ $64.9 = -$198 (-2.32%) target (up-close)
  • 2025-08-04 ETHA — bought 306.07 sh @ $28.48 (2025-07-30, $8,717) → sold @ $27.75 = -$223 (-2.56%) target (up-close)
  • 2025-08-04 FBTC — bought 85.52 sh @ $101.97 (2025-07-30, $8,720) → sold @ $100.12 = -$158 (-1.81%) target (up-close)
  • 2025-08-04 IBIT — bought 131.4 sh @ $66.37 (2025-07-30, $8,721) → sold @ $65.2 = -$154 (-1.76%) target (up-close)
  • 2025-07-24 ETHA — bought 316.35 sh @ $27.17 (2025-07-23, $8,595) → sold @ $28.38 = +$383 (+4.45%) target (up-close)

Tax. Both blends trade US-listed ETFs, so gains are ordinary capital gains on a 1099-B — effectively all SHORT-TERM at your income rate under these fast-turnover rules (the After-tax toggle applies your selected rates on a liquidation basis). Unlike direct spot coins (taxed as property and currently outside the wash-sale rule), ETF shares ARE subject to wash-sale treatment. State tax and the 3.8% NIIT are not modeled. Educational, not tax advice.

Sample honesty. Backtest honesty: the spot BTC ETFs listed Jan-2024, the ETH spot ETF Jul-2024, and the 2x funds 2023-24 — inside the ~2y window each fund only trades after its own listing plus the 200-day trend warm-up, so the sample is SHORT and covers one crypto regime. These numbers will look very different in a crypto winter.

Portfolio 5b — Crypto: 2x rotation, vol-targeted Grade D extreme risk · 81% weekly-win

Two $20k crypto blends, both via US-LISTED funds any US brokerage account can hold — no offshore exchange, no wallet custody, gains land on a normal 1099-B. CONSERVATIVE blend: spot-ETF mean-reversion (IBIT / FBTC / ETHA) — buy an RSI(2)<10 dip while the fund is above its own 200-day average, exit on the first up-close / ~20% stop / trend-break / 5-day max, max 3 positions, the rest in cash. LEVERAGED blend (extreme risk): weekly rotation across 2x Bitcoin (BITX) and 2x Ether (ETHU) by 63-day momentum above the 200-day, vol-parity weighted, total exposure scaled to a ~40% volatility target — de-levering into a T-bill ETF (BIL) when crypto vol spikes, when a fund breaks its own 200-day trend, or when BITCOIN itself is below its 200-day average (the blend's risk switch is Bitcoin's trend, not the S&P 500's). 2x crypto ETFs decay hard in chop and this blend can draw down 50%+. Because exposure is vol-scaled, a fully switched-on week still parks roughly half the book in T-bills.

Backtest (~2y, hypothetical) since 2024-09-09
$20,000 → $21,066 (+5.3%)weekly-win 81% · Sharpe 0.23max drawdown -19.7%SPY same period +39.9%
YTD +2.5% SPY +12.7%1Y -0.8% SPY +18.5%
Live book — prescribed moves followed (replay-seeded, then recorded forward) since 2024-08-21 stepped to 2026-09-11
$20,000 → $23,305 (+16.5%)1 holdingscash $-6
BIL 100% 254.77 sh @ $91.5
This week's target allocation rebalanced weekly · de-levers into T-bills (BIL)
BIL 1-3mo T-Bill ETF (park) 100% 254.7 sh @ $91.5

De-risked this week. BTC-USD is above its 200-day average, but no 2x fund cleared the entry screen this week (its own 200-day trend, positive 63-day momentum and a usable volatility read) — so the book holds T-bills.

Weekly-win counts the share of weekly rebalance periods that ended positive — including the weeks this book spent entirely in T-bills. Read it beside the return, not instead of it.

Backtest rebalance log newest 20 of 101 weekly rebalances
  • 2026-09-08 ($21,056): BIL 100% 230.23sh@$91.46
  • 2026-08-31 ($21,038): BIL 100% 229.52sh@$91.66
  • 2026-08-24 ($21,027): BIL 100% 229.52sh@$91.61
  • 2026-08-17 ($21,013): BIL 100% 229.52sh@$91.55
  • 2026-08-10 ($20,997): BIL 100% 229.52sh@$91.48
  • 2026-08-03 ($20,983): BIL 100% 229.52sh@$91.42
  • 2026-07-27 ($20,966): BIL 100% 228.84sh@$91.62
  • 2026-07-20 ($20,952): BIL 100% 228.84sh@$91.56
  • 2026-07-13 ($20,939): BIL 100% 228.84sh@$91.5
  • 2026-07-06 ($20,923): BIL 100% 228.84sh@$91.43
  • 2026-06-26 ($20,907): BIL 100% 228.17sh@$91.63
  • 2026-06-18 ($20,893): BIL 100% 228.17sh@$91.57
  • 2026-06-11 ($20,873): BIL 100% 228.17sh@$91.48
  • 2026-06-04 ($20,857): BIL 100% 228.17sh@$91.41
  • 2026-05-28 ($20,846): BIL 100% 227.5sh@$91.63
  • 2026-05-20 ($20,832): BIL 100% 227.5sh@$91.57
  • 2026-05-13 ($20,814): BIL 100% 227.5sh@$91.49
  • 2026-05-06 ($20,798): BIL 100% 227.5sh@$91.42
  • 2026-04-29 ($20,784): BIL 100% 226.83sh@$91.63
  • 2026-04-22 ($20,771): BIL 100% 226.83sh@$91.57

Sample honesty. Backtest honesty: the spot BTC ETFs listed Jan-2024, the ETH spot ETF Jul-2024, and the 2x funds 2023-24 — inside the ~2y window each fund only trades after its own listing plus the 200-day trend warm-up, so the sample is SHORT and covers one crypto regime. These numbers will look very different in a crypto winter.

Portfolio 4 — Tax-Efficient (Buy & Hold) tax-adjusted · lowest turnover

A fixed, equal-weight basket of 16 broad index, sector and gold ETFs, bought once and never traded. Because nothing is sold, gains stay unrealized and, on a sale, qualify for the lower long-term rate (0% short-term). The honest headline is not higher returns — it is NOT the top performer and can fall ~15% in a downturn — it is RETENTION: it keeps ~85c of every pre-tax dollar after a long-term tax bill vs ~68c for the high-turnover books. Parameter-free (no screen, rebalance or lookback to overfit). Deferral is not avoidance; tax-efficient is not safe.

Backtest (~2y, hypothetical) since 2024-09-09
$20,000 → $27,095 (+35.5%)Sharpe 1.22max drawdown -15.2%SPY same period +39.9%
YTD +10.8% SPY +12.7%1Y +16.3% SPY +18.5%
Holdings (buy & hold — no trades) 16 ETFs, equal-weight
  • SPY S&P 500 6.3%
  • QQQ Nasdaq-100 6.3%
  • DIA Dow Jones 6.3%
  • IWM Russell 2000 6.3%
  • XLK Technology 6.3%
  • XLF Financials 6.3%
  • XLE Energy 6.3%
  • XLV Health Care 6.3%
  • XLI Industrials 6.3%
  • XLY Consumer Disc. 6.3%
  • XLP Consumer Staples 6.3%
  • XLU Utilities 6.3%
  • XLB Materials 6.3%
  • XLRE Real Estate 6.3%
  • XLC Communications 6.3%
  • GLD Gold 6.3%
Variant — growth tilt S&P 500 + Nasdaq-100, 50/50 · not the default
$20,000 → $30,112 (+50.6%)max drawdown -20.7%Sharpe 1.18SPY same period +39.9%
Holdings buy & hold since 2024-09-09 — no trades
SPY S&P 500 50%QQQ Nasdaq-100 50%

Concentrating into the two big indices returned +15.1pt vs the broad basket above in this large-cap / tech-led window — but with a deeper drawdown (-20.7% vs -15.2%) and real concentration / recency risk: it would fall hardest in a tech downturn (e.g. 2022). The broad 16-ETF basket stays the default for its lower drawdown and lack of recency bias. Same long-term tax treatment (buy & hold). Educational, not advice.

Tax & methodology notes (read me)
  • Liquidation basis. After-tax = the federal capital-gains tax you'd owe if you sold everything today. The high-turnover trading books realize ~100% short-term (ordinary rate); the buy-&-hold book is taxed long-term only once the chosen window exceeds one year. Deferral is not avoidance — a live book that never sells shows ~$0 tax until it does.
  • Retention, not return. The buy-&-hold book is NOT the top performer and can fall ~15% in a downturn. Its edge is keeping ~85¢ of each pre-tax dollar after a long-term bill vs ~68¢ for the high-turnover books. Tax-efficient is not the same as safe or higher-returning.
  • Account type changes everything. These after-tax figures apply to a taxable brokerage account only. Inside a Traditional 401(k) or IRA (tax-deferred) or a Roth IRA/401(k) (tax-free growth), trades trigger no capital-gains tax at all — so the high-turnover books pay zero tax drag (pre-tax = after-tax) and the buy-&-hold book's tax edge disappears. The practical takeaway (“asset location”): hold the tax-inefficient, high-turnover strategies inside a 401(k)/IRA/Roth, and reserve taxable accounts for the buy-&-hold book.
  • Illustrative rates only. Federal 32%/15% (or 24%/15%). State income tax, the 3.8% NIIT and the wash-sale rule are NOT modeled.
  • Net of costs & dividends. The reconstructed backtests now model a ~3 bps/side transaction cost AND include dividends (total return, via the adjusted-close series). That is why the high-turnover Core book (~99× annual turnover) lands well below its gross price-only figure (about +29% → +17%), while the income-heavy books (e.g. P3's covered-call / JEPQ sleeve) are lifted by distributions. The upshot: the buy-&-hold beats the conservative Core book comfortably, but does NOT beat the aggressive income-heavy books on absolute after-tax dollars — it wins on retention, drawdown and turnover cost. Still simplified: slippage beyond 3 bps, short-borrow, and exact dividend tax character (qualified vs ordinary). The live forward books are recorded net of the same ~3 bps cost and include dividends, matching the backtest methodology.
  • Single regime. One ~2-year (2024–2026) momentum/tech bull. The retention mechanism holds in any regime; the return levels shown will be very different (and lower) in a chop or bear market. Educational, not investment or tax advice.

HYPOTHETICAL backtest + paper portfolio of mechanical rules — NOT real trades, NOT investment advice, no promise of future results. Hypothetical results have well-known limitations (no real fills/liquidity/taxes, limited ~2y sample, rules designed with knowledge of the period). Past performance does not predict future results.

Flagged companies (70)
  • PFE Insider cluster buyDisclosure-language shift
    • Insider cluster buy — 3 insider buyers · $3.0M bought
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 34% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-02-26
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 34%, 175 added / 145 removed / 46 modified sentences
    • + Basic Product Patent Expiration Year(1) Major Europe Basic Product Patent Expiration Year(1)Japan Basic Product Patent Expiration Year(1)Braftovi(11)2030(2031 pending PTE)(11)(11)Mektovi(11)2026(2027 pending PTE)(12)(11)(11)Talzenna2029(20…
    • + Changes in the recommendations or structure of those committees may affect the use of our medicines and vaccines.In the U.S., there is considerable public and government scrutiny of pharmaceutical pricing and intellectual property and we e…
    • + Additionally, in September 2024, CMS finalized a new rule that, among other items, expands the scope of medications considered to be “covered outpatient drugs” that could be subject to rebates under the MDRP and imposes penalties on covere…
    • We use results from Pfizer Pulse and other colleague feedback forums to inform the wellness services we offer, such as (i) a Wellness Day for every colleague; (ii) on-site health clinics for colleagues in select locations, with access to c…
    • Basic Product Patent Expiration Year(1) Major Europe Basic Product Patent Expiration Year(1)Japan Basic Product Patent Expiration Year(1)Inlyta202520252025Xeljanz20262028(2)2025Prevnar 13/Prevenar 132026(3)2029Eliquis 2026(4)2026(5)2026Ibr…
    • Pfizer Inc.2024 Form 10-K16GLOBAL OPERATIONSWe operate on a global scale and could be affected by currency and interest rate fluctuations; capital an…Pfizer Inc.2025 Form 10-K17GLOBAL OPERATIONSWe operate on a global scale and could be affected by currency and interest rate fluctuations; global tra…
    • Our R&D priorities include:•delivering a pipeline of highly differentiated medicines and vaccines where we have a unique opportunity to bring the mos…Our R&D priorities include:•delivering a pipeline of highly differentiated medicines and vaccines where we have a unique opportunity to bring the mos…
  • NVDA Heavy insider sellingCongressional cluster
    • Heavy insider selling — 2 sellers · $653.0M sold
    • Congressional cluster — 2 members buying
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-02-25
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 25%, 50 added / 61 removed / 32 modified sentences
    • + Additional risks, trends and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently believe are immaterial may also harm our business, financial condition, results of operations or reputation.Risk Factors SummaryRisks Related to Our…
    • + New or proposed regulations relating to carbon taxes, fuel or energy taxes, pollution limits, sustainability-related disclosure and governance and supply chain governance could result in greater direct costs, including costs associated wit…
    • + Our business could be negatively impacted by concerns around the high absolute energy requirements of our GPUs, despite their much more energy efficient design and operation relative to alternative computing platforms.We may not be able to…
    • Our support is enhanced during times of crisis, such as war or economic volatility, to take care of our existing team of world-class talent and their families.Diversity, Inclusion and Belonging at NVIDIAWe believe that diverse teams fuel i…
    • Risks Related to Our Global Operating Business•Adverse economic conditions may harm our business. •International sales and operations are a significant part of our business, which exposes us to risks that could harm our business. •Product,…
    • We face risks which have adversely affected or could adversely affect our ability to meet customer demand and scale our supply chain, negatively impa…We face risks which have adversely affected or could adversely affect our ability to meet customer demand and scale our supply chain, negatively impa…
    • Further, our business liability insurance may be inadequate or future coverage may be unavailable on acceptable terms, which could adversely impact o…Further, our business liability insurance may be inadequate or future coverage may be unavailable on acceptable terms, which could adversely impact o…
    MD&A (Item 7) — novelty 31%, 5 added / 5 removed / 4 modified sentences
    • + A discussion regarding our financial condition and results of operations for fiscal year 2025 compared to fiscal year 2024 can be found under Item 7 in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 26, 2025, filed with t…
    • + These adjustments may require use of unobservable inputs.We assess impairment quarterly based on qualitative and quantitative factors, including the investee’s operating performance and market trends.38Table of ContentsRevenue RecognitionR…
    • + Estimates for customer program accruals include a combination of historical attainment and claim rates and may be adjusted based on relevant internal and external factors.Contracts with Multiple Performance ObligationsOur contracts may con…
    • A discussion regarding our financial condition and results of operations for fiscal year 2024 compared to fiscal year 2023 can be found under Item 7 in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 28, 2024, filed with t…
    • Our policy is to include interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of income tax expense.Revenue RecognitionRevenue AllowancesFor products sold with a right of return, we record a reduction to revenue by es…
    • If standalone selling price is not directly observable, such as when we do not sell a product or service separately, we determine standalone selling…If standalone selling price is not directly observable, such as when we do not sell a product or service separately, we determine standalone selling…
    • Certain customer programs include distributor price incentives or other channel programs for specific products and customer classes which require jud…Certain customer programs include distributor price incentives or other channel programs for specific products and customer classes which require jud…
  • CVX Heavy insider sellingDisclosure-language shift
    • Heavy insider selling — 5 sellers · $228.6M sold
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 64% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-02-24
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 64%, 445 added / 58 removed / 28 modified sentences
    • + 64Consolidated Statement of Income Financial Table of ContentsMillions of dollars, except per-share amountsYear ended December 31202520242023Revenues and Other IncomeSales and other operating revenues$184,432 $193,414 $196,913 Income (loss…
    • + Non-billable costs remain at the corporate level in “All Other.” Segmented income statements for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023 are presented below:UpstreamDownstreamSegment TotalAll OtherTotalYear Ended December 31, 2025…
    • + All other reclassified amounts were insignificant.3 Refer to Note 10 Financial and Derivative Instruments for cash flow hedging.73Notes to the Consolidated Financial StatementsFinancial Table of ContentsMillions of dollars, except per-shar…
    • 63Consolidated Statement of Income Financial Table of ContentsMillions of dollars, except per-share amountsYear ended December 31202420232022Revenues and Other IncomeSales and other operating revenues$193,414 $196,913 $235,717 Income (loss…
    • Non-billable costs remain at the corporate level in “All Other.” Segmented income statements for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 are presented below:UpstreamDownstreamSegment TotalAll OtherTotalYear Ended December 31, 2024…
    • For more information on stock options and other share-based compensation, refer to Note 22 Stock Options and Other Share-Based Compensation.Note 2 Ch…For more information on stock options and other share-based compensation, refer to Note 22 Stock Options and Other Share-Based Compensation.Note 2 Ch…
    • The table below represents gross and net derivative assets and liabilities subject to netting agreements on the Consolidated Balance Sheet at Decembe…The table below represents gross and net derivative assets and liabilities subject to netting agreements on the Consolidated Balance Sheet at Decembe…
  • JNJ Heavy insider selling
    • Heavy insider selling — 5 sellers · $67.8M sold
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-02-11
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 25%, 5 added / 5 removed / 1 modified sentences
    • + The manufacturing facilities are used by the industry segments of the Company’s business approximately as follows:SegmentSquare Feet(in thousands)Innovative Medicine5,245MedTech5,118Worldwide Total10,363Within the U.S., three facilities ar…
    • + 71,054Africa, Asia and Pacific121,237Worldwide Total6310,363In addition to the manufacturing facilities discussed above, the Company maintains numerous office, research and development and warehouse facilities throughout the world.
    • + The locations of the manufacturing facilities by major geographic areas of the world are as follows:Geographic AreaNumber ofFacilitiesSquare Feet(in thousands)United States223,037Europe225,035Western Hemisphere, excluding U.S.
    • The manufacturing facilities are used by the industry segments of the Company’s business approximately as follows:SegmentSquare Feet(in thousands)Innovative Medicine4,696MedTech4,911Worldwide Total9,607Within the U.S., four facilities are…
    • The locations of the manufacturing facilities by major geographic areas of the world are as follows:Geographic AreaNumber ofFacilitiesSquare Feet(in thousands)United States232,892Europe214,521Western Hemisphere, excluding U.S.
    • These reports include an overview of the cybersecurity threat landscape, key cybersecurity initiatives to improve the Company’s risk posture, changes…These reports include an overview of the cybersecurity threat landscape, key cybersecurity initiatives to improve the Company’s risk posture, changes…
    MD&A (Item 7) — novelty 89%, 66 added / 61 removed / 3 modified sentences
    • + The 340B Drug Pricing Program is a U.S. federal government program requiring drug manufacturers to provide significant discounts on covered outpatient drugs to covered entities.26 During 2025, the Company advanced its pipeline with several…
    • + In 2025, the negative impact of the STELARA sales decline, primarily due to biosimilar competition, was an approximate 10.4%, 12.3% and 7.9% on worldwide, U.S. and international Innovative Medicine segment operational sales, respectively.2…
    • + Percentages in chart are as a percent to total sales)2025 Annual Report29Cost of products sold:Cost of products sold increased as a percent to sales driven by:•Unfavorable product mix driven by the decline of STELARA sales and unfavorable…
    • The 340B Drug Pricing Program is a U.S. federal government program requiring drug manufacturers to provide significant discounts on covered outpatient drugs to covered entities.26 During 2024, the Company advanced its pipeline with several…
    • In fiscal 2024, the net impact of the Covid-19 Vaccine on the total Innovative Medicine and International change in operational sales was a negative 1.8% and 4.2%, respectively.24 Major Innovative Medicine therapeutic area sales:(Dollars i…
    • This asset is now fully impaired.Other (Income) Expense, Net: Other (income) expense, net is the account where the Company records gains and losses r…This asset is fully impaired.30 Other (Income) Expense, Net: Other (income) expense, net is the account where the Company records gains and losses re…
    • The growth in Knees was primarily driven by the ATTUNE portfolio, pull through related to the VELYS Robotic assisted solution and global procedure gr…The growth in Knees was primarily driven by the ATTUNE portfolio, pull through related to the VELYS Robotic assisted solution.
  • DHI Disclosure-language shift
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 68% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2025-11-19
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 68%, 184 added / 164 removed / 21 modified sentences
    • + We manage our inventory of owned land and lots and homes under construction relative to demand in each of our markets, including starting construction on unsold homes to capture new home demand and actively controlling the number of unsold…
    • + These reporting segments, which we also refer to as reporting regions, have homebuilding operations located in the following states:Northwest:Colorado, Oregon, Utah and WashingtonSouthwest:Arizona, California, Hawaii, Nevada and New Mexico…
    • + Horton per diluted share decreased 19% to $11.57 compared to $14.34.•Net cash provided by operations was $3.4 billion compared to $2.2 billion.•Stockholders’ equity was $24.2 billion compared to $25.3 billion.•Book value per share increase…
    • We manage our inventory of owned land and lots and homes under construction relative to demand in each of our markets, including starting construction on unsold homes to capture new home demand and actively controlling the number of unsold…
    • These reporting segments, which we also refer to as reporting regions, have homebuilding operations located in the following states:Northwest:Colorado, Oregon, Utah and WashingtonSouthwest:Arizona, California, Hawaii, Nevada and New Mexico…
    • Our strategy includes the following initiatives:•Developing and retaining highly experienced and productive teams of personnel throughout our company…Our strategy includes the following initiatives:•Developing and retaining highly experienced and productive teams of personnel throughout our company…
    • These risks, uncertainties and other factors include, but are not limited to:•the cyclical nature of the homebuilding, rental and lot development ind…These risks, uncertainties and other factors include, but are not limited to:•the cyclical nature of the homebuilding, rental and lot development ind…
    MD&A (Item 7) — novelty 72%, 161 added / 150 removed / 16 modified sentences
    • + We manage our inventory of owned land and lots and homes under construction relative to demand in each of our markets, including starting construction on unsold homes to capture new home demand and actively controlling the number of unsold…
    • + These reporting segments, which we also refer to as reporting regions, have homebuilding operations located in the following states:Northwest:Colorado, Oregon, Utah and WashingtonSouthwest:Arizona, California, Hawaii, Nevada and New Mexico…
    • + Horton per diluted share decreased 19% to $11.57 compared to $14.34.•Net cash provided by operations was $3.4 billion compared to $2.2 billion.•Stockholders’ equity was $24.2 billion compared to $25.3 billion.•Book value per share increase…
    • We manage our inventory of owned land and lots and homes under construction relative to demand in each of our markets, including starting construction on unsold homes to capture new home demand and actively controlling the number of unsold…
    • These reporting segments, which we also refer to as reporting regions, have homebuilding operations located in the following states:Northwest:Colorado, Oregon, Utah and WashingtonSouthwest:Arizona, California, Hawaii, Nevada and New Mexico…
    • Our strategy includes the following initiatives:•Developing and retaining highly experienced and productive teams of personnel throughout our company…Our strategy includes the following initiatives:•Developing and retaining highly experienced and productive teams of personnel throughout our company…
    • These risks, uncertainties and other factors include, but are not limited to:•the cyclical nature of the homebuilding, rental and lot development ind…These risks, uncertainties and other factors include, but are not limited to:•the cyclical nature of the homebuilding, rental and lot development ind…
  • KBH Disclosure-language shift
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 52% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-01-23
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 52%, 160 added / 157 removed / 22 modified sentences
    • + These initiatives could increase our costs, such as with California’s requirement that all new homes have solar power systems, agency requirements for all-electric readiness and higher efficiency standards, including the use of zero-emissi…
    • + Milestones we have achieved under these programs include the following:•In 2008, we became the first national homebuilder to make a broad commitment to building ENERGY STAR certified homes, which, according to the EPA, achieve on average u…
    • + The recognition is based on a comprehensive analysis conducted to identify the top-performing companies around the globe and is based on evaluation criteria of employee satisfaction, revenue growth and sustainability;•Time Magazine’s 2025…
    • Compliance with those directed at or otherwise affecting our business or our suppliers’ (or their suppliers’) operations, products or services, could increase our costs, such as with California’s requirement that all new homes have solar p…
    • This recognition is based on our industry-leading environmental and social practices;•Newsweek’s 2024 list of America’s Most Trustworthy Companies – This is the third consecutive year we have received this recognition, which is based on th…
    • Two directors are liaisons to management on sustainability-related matters.•Boards should have a strong, independent leadership structure.•Our board…Two directors are liaisons to management on sustainability-related matters.•Boards should have a strong, independent leadership structure.•Our board…
    • While we have health and safety protocols in place for our construction sites and take steps to safeguard our administrative functions, including our…While we have health and safety protocols in place for our construction sites and take steps to safeguard our administrative functions, including our…
    MD&A (Item 7) — novelty 57%, 75 added / 94 removed / 7 modified sentences
    • + Milestones we have achieved under these programs include the following:•In 2008, we became the first national homebuilder to make a broad commitment to building ENERGY STAR certified homes, which, according to the EPA, achieve on average u…
    • + The recognition is based on a comprehensive analysis conducted to identify the top-performing companies around the globe and is based on evaluation criteria of employee satisfaction, revenue growth and sustainability;•Time Magazine’s 2025…
    • + In addition, as noted above under “Human Capital,” we are also one of the founding partners of the Building Talent Foundation, whose mission is to advance the education, training and career progression of young people and people from under…
    • This recognition is based on our industry-leading environmental and social practices;•Newsweek’s 2024 list of America’s Most Trustworthy Companies – This is the third consecutive year we have received this recognition, which is based on th…
    • We have been recognized with major national awards for our consistent leadership and commitment, including:•2024 ENERGY STAR Partner of the Year – Sustained Excellence Award – This was our 14th consecutive award for demonstrating leadershi…
    • Two directors are liaisons to management on sustainability-related matters.•Boards should have a strong, independent leadership structure.•Our board…Two directors are liaisons to management on sustainability-related matters.•Boards should have a strong, independent leadership structure.•Our board…
    • Our approach to corporate governance aligns with the principles of the Investor Stewardship Group, a coalition of some of the world’s largest investo…Our approach to corporate governance aligns with the principles of the Investor Stewardship Group, a coalition of some of the world’s largest investo…
  • JPM Disclosure-language shift
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 54% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-02-13
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 54%, 671 added / 247 removed / 107 modified sentences
    • + Financial effects of FDMsThe following tables provide information on retained wholesale loan modifications considered FDMs during the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023.Secured by real estateYear ended December 31, 2025(in millio…
    • + For the year ended December 31, 2025Level 3 assets were $25.1 billion at December 31, 2025, reflecting an increase of $1.3 billion from December 31, 2024.The increase for the year ended December 31, 2025 was predominantly driven by:•Gross…
    • + 164JPMorgan Chase & Co./2025 Form 10-KJPMorgan Chase & Co.Consolidated statements of incomeYear ended December 31, (in millions, except per share data)202520242023RevenueInvestment banking fees$9,615 $8,910 $6,519 Principal transactions27,…
    • For the year ended December 31, 2024Level 3 assets were $23.8 billion at December 31, 2024, reflecting an increase of $127 million from December 31, 2023.The increase for the year ended December 31, 2024 was driven by:•$599 million increas…
    • JPMorgan Chase & Co./2024 Form 10-K171JPMorgan Chase & Co.Consolidated statements of incomeYear ended December 31, (in millions, except per share data)202420232022RevenueInvestment banking fees$8,910 $6,519 $6,686 Principal transactions24,…
    • Product/instrumentValuation methodologyClassifications in the fair value hierarchySecurities financing agreementsValuations are based on discounted c…Product/instrumentValuation methodologyClassifications in the fair value hierarchySecurities financing agreementsValuations are based on discounted c…
    • Refer to page 198 of this Note.Mortgage servicing rightsRefer to Mortgage servicing rights in Note 15.Level 3Private equity direct investmentsFair va…Refer to page 191 of this Note.Mortgage servicing rightsRefer to Mortgage servicing rights in Note 15.Level 3Private equity direct investmentsFair va…
    MD&A (Item 7) — novelty 79%, 235 added / 202 removed / 32 modified sentences
    • + Any of the risk factors discussed below could by itself, or combined with other factors, materially and adversely affect JPMorganChase’s business, results of operations, financial condition, capital position, liquidity, competitive positio…
    • + Certain governmental policies or actions could significantly affect U.S. and global economic growth and cause higher volatility in the financial markets, including:•monetary policies and actions taken by central banks, including any sustai…
    • + Further, should extraordinary events or the factors that cause or contribute to those events become more chronic, the disruptive effects of those events on JPMorganChase’s business and operations, and on its clients, customers, counterpart…
    • Any of the risk factors discussed below could by itself, or combined with other factors, materially and adversely affect JPMorganChase’s business, results of operations, financial condition, capital position, liquidity, competitive positio…
    • Certain governmental policy initiatives, as well as heightened geopolitical tensions, could significantly affect U.S. and global economic growth and cause higher volatility in the financial markets, including:•monetary policies and actions…
    • The models and estimations that JPMorganChase uses, including those that use machine learning or artificial intelligence, may not be effective in all…The models and estimations that JPMorganChase uses may not be effective in all cases to identify, observe and mitigate risk because of factors such a…
    • As a result, these entities are subject to a comprehensive regulatory framework applicable to their swap or security-based swap activities, including…Morgan Securities LLC are registered with the SEC as “security-based swap dealers.” As a result, these entities are subject to a comprehensive regula…
  • BAC Disclosure-language shift
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 39% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-02-25
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 39%, 142 added / 133 removed / 81 modified sentences
    • + Reputational harm can arise from various sources that affect public trust, including actual or perceived business activities and activities of our officers, directors, employees, other representatives, clients and third parties, including…
    • + Also, our liquidity or cost of funds may be negatively impacted by the unwillingness or inability of the Federal Reserve to act as lender of last resort, unexpected simultaneous draws on credit lines or deposits, slower client payment rate…
    • + The actual or perceived failure to adequately address conflicts of interest could also affect willingness of clients to use our products and services, or result in litigation or enforcement actions, which could adversely affect our busines…
    • Harm to our reputation can arise from various sources, including actual or perceived activities of our officers, directors, employees, other representatives, clients and third parties, including counterparties, such as fraud, misconduct an…
    • Our and our third parties’ inability to properly introduce, deploy and manage operational or technology changes and continuously alter, improve and automate processes and systems, including related controls, such as regarding internal fina…
    • Any failure or disruption of our or our third parties’ operations or information systems resulting in disruption to our critical business operations…Any failure or disruption of our or our third parties’ operations or information systems resulting in disruption to our critical business operations…
    • U.S. regulators and government agencies regularly pursue enforcement claims and litigation against financial institutions, including us, for alleged…The amount of damages, penalties and fines that private litigants, including clients and other counterparties, and regulators seek from us and other…
  • C Disclosure-language shift
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 60% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-02-20
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 60%, 107 added / 111 removed / 24 modified sentences
    • + Citi and some of its third-party partners have been subjected to attempted and sometimes successful cyberattacks over the last several years, including the following:•denial of service attacks, which attempt to interrupt service to clients…
    • + These changes will affect Citi’s regulatory capital requirements and position and the amount of capital Citi will be able to return to shareholders (see “Capital Resources—Regulatory Capital Standards and Developments” above).Citi’s abilit…
    • + Potential impacts in the U.S. and globally related to trade or tariff policies could include heightened market volatility, increased economic uncertainty, adverse impacts to inflation and global economic activity, disruptions in global sup…
    • For additional information regarding the CECL methodology, including the transition provisions related to the adverse regulatory capital effects resulting from adoption of the CECL methodology, see “Capital Resources—Current Regulatory Cap…
    • For additional information about these Russia-related risks, see the operational processes and systems, cybersecurity and emerging markets risk factors and “Managing Global Risk—Other Risks—Country Risk—Russia” below.STRATEGIC RISKSCiti’s…
    • These include, among others, operational or execution failures or deficiencies by third parties and third parties that provide products or services t…These include, among others, operational or execution failures or deficiencies by third parties that provide products or services to Citi (e.g., clou…
    • Resolution Plan Requirements May Pose a Greater Risk of Loss to Citi’s Debt and Equity Securities Holders, and Citi’s Inability in Its Resolution Pla…Resolution Plan Requirements May Pose a Greater Risk of Loss to Citi’s Debt and Equity Securities Holders, and Citi’s Inability in Its Resolution Pla…
  • MS Disclosure-language shift
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 30% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-02-19
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 30%, 120 added / 98 removed / 59 modified sentences
    • + The Provision for credit losses on loans and lending commitments of $62 million in 2024 was primarily related to certain specific commercial real estate and securities-based loans, and portfolio growth, partially offset by improvements in…
    • + At December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, substantially all employee-referenced investments that subjected the Firm to price risk were economically hedged.Amounts Recognized in Compensation Expense$ in millions202520242023Deferred cash-b…
    • + The Provision for credit losses on loans and lending commitments of $202 million in 2024 was primarily related to growth in the corporate loan portfolio and provisions for certain specific commercial real estate loans, partially offset by…
    • The Provision for credit losses on loans and lending commitments of $131 million in 2023 was primarily related to deteriorating conditions in the commercial real estate sector including provisions for certain specific loans, mainly in the…
    • At December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, substantially all employee-referenced investments that subjected the Firm to price risk were economically hedged.Amounts Recognized in Compensation Expense$ in millions202420232022Deferred cash-b…
    • These laws and regulations, which may continue to increase in volume and complexity, significantly affect the way and costs of doing business and can…These laws and regulations, which could in the future increase in volume and complexity, significantly affect the way and costs of doing business and…
    • These include the level and volatility of equity, fixed income and commodity prices; the level, term structure and volatility of interest rates; infl…These include the level and volatility of equity, fixed income and commodity prices; the level, term structure and volatility of interest rates; infl…
    MD&A (Item 7) — novelty 53%, 54 added / 61 removed / 22 modified sentences
    • + The Provision for credit losses on loans and lending commitments of $62 million in 2024 was primarily related to certain specific commercial real estate and securities-based loans, and portfolio growth, partially offset by improvements in…
    • + The Provision for credit losses on loans and lending commitments of $202 million in 2024 was primarily related to growth in the corporate loan portfolio and provisions for certain specific commercial real estate loans, partially offset by…
    • + 3.Includes Investments and Other revenues.EquityNet revenues of $15,631 million in 2025 increased 28% compared with the prior year, reflecting an increase in Financing and Execution services.•Financing revenues increased primarily due to h…
    • The Provision for credit losses on loans and lending commitments of $131 million in 2023 was primarily related to deteriorating conditions in the commercial real estate sector including provisions for certain specific loans, mainly in the…
    • The Provision for credit losses on loans and lending commitments of $401 million in 2023 was primarily related to credit deterioration in the commercial real estate sector, including provisions for certain specific loans, mainly in the off…
    • See Note 22 to the financial statements for segment net revenues by income statement line item and information on intersegment transactions.Net Reven…See Note 22 to the financial statements for segment net revenues by income statement line item, segment expenses, and information on intersegment tra…
    • OtherOther revenues for Institutional Securities include revenues and losses from equity method investments, fees earned in association with lending…OtherOther revenues for Institutional Securities include revenues and losses from equity method investments, fees earned in association with lending…
  • AAPL Disclosure-language shift
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 54% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2025-10-31
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 54%, 98 added / 94 removed / 22 modified sentences
    • + The Company has a minority market share in the global smartphone, personal computer, tablet and wearables markets, and some of the markets in which the Company competes have from time to time experienced little to no growth or contracted o…
    • + In addition, the Company’s and its suppliers’ operations, retail stores and facilities are subject to the risk of interruption by fire, power shortages, nuclear power plant accidents and other industrial accidents, terrorist attacks and ot…
    • + The Company may be unable to continue to offer a wide variety of content at commercially reasonable prices with acceptable usage rules.The Company also produces its own digital content, which can be costly to produce due to intense and inc…
    • While the Company maintains insurance coverage for certain types of losses, such insurance coverage may be insufficient to cover all losses that may arise.Apple Inc. | 2024 Form 10-K | 6Global markets for the Company’s products and service…
    • While these arrangements help ensure the supply of components and finished goods, if these outsourcing partners or suppliers experience severe financial problems or other disruptions in their business, such continued supply can be disrupte…
    • The offerings provide priority access to Apple technical support, access to the global Apple authorized service network for repair and replacement se…The offerings provide priority access to Apple technical support, access to the global Apple authorized service network for repair and replacement se…
    • These and other impacts can materially adversely affect the Company’s business, results of operations, financial condition and stock price.Apple Inc.…These and other impacts can materially adversely affect the Company’s business, results of operations, financial condition and stock price.Apple Inc.…
    MD&A (Item 7) — novelty 45%, 32 added / 28 removed / 8 modified sentences
    • + In addition, component suppliers may fail, be subject to consolidation within a particular industry, or decide to concentrate on the production of common components instead of components customized to meet the Company’s requirements, furth…
    • + Principal competitive factors important to the Company include price, product and service features (including security features), relative price and performance, product and service quality and reliability, design and technology innovation…
    • + The Company supports employees with general safety, security and crisis management training, and by putting specific programs in place for those working in potentially high-hazard environments.Available InformationThe Company’s Annual Repo…
    • The continued availability of these components at acceptable prices, or at all, may be affected if suppliers decide to concentrate on the production of common components instead of components customized to meet the Company’s requirements.T…
    • During 2024, the Company’s net sales through its direct and indirect distribution channels accounted for 38% and 62%, respectively, of total net sales.CompetitionThe markets for the Company’s products and services are highly competitive, a…
    • The offerings provide priority access to Apple technical support, access to the global Apple authorized service network for repair and replacement se…The offerings provide priority access to Apple technical support, access to the global Apple authorized service network for repair and replacement se…
    • Apple Vision Pro™ is the Company’s first spatial computer based on its visionOS™ operating system.Home includes Apple TV®, the Company’s media stream…Apple Vision Pro™ is the Company’s spatial computer based on its visionOS® operating system.Home includes Apple TV 4K®, the Company’s media streaming…
  • MSFT Disclosure-language shift
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 32% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-07-29
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 32%, 130 added / 91 removed / 43 modified sentences
    • + Whether we succeed in cloud-based and AI products and services depends on our execution in several areas, including:•Continuing to bring to market compelling cloud-based and AI products and services that generate increasing traffic and mar…
    • + If any of these providers fail to meet our requirements, or experience service interruptions, operational failures, capacity constraints, physical damage, cybersecurity incidents, or other disruptions, our ability to provide services, main…
    • + As components are delayed or become unavailable or more expensive, whether because of supplier capacity constraint, industry shortages, legal or regulatory changes that restrict supply sources, geopolitical tensions, trade restrictions, ta…
    • Whether we succeed in cloud-based and AI services depends on our execution in several areas, including:•Continuing to bring to market compelling cloud-based and AI services and products that generate increasing traffic and market share.•Ma…
    • RISK FACTORSOur operations and financial results are subject to various risks and uncertainties, including those described below, that could adversely affect our business, operations, financial condition, results of operations, liquidity,…
    • We may not be able to detect the existence or extent of these attacks for all of our customers or have information on how to detect or track an attac…We may not be able to detect the existence or extent of these attacks for all of our customers or have information on how to detect or track an attac…
    • These actors use a wide variety of methods, which include developing and deploying malicious software; exploiting known and potential vulnerabilities…These actors use a wide variety of methods, which include developing and deploying malicious software; exploiting known, latent, or potential vulnera…
    MD&A (Item 7) — novelty 66%, 49 added / 44 removed / 8 modified sentences
    • + More Personal Computing revenue decreased driven by XBOX (formerly Gaming), offset in part by growth in Search advertising.Cost of revenue increased $18.5 billion or 21% driven by growth in Microsoft Cloud.Gross margin increased $31.6 bill…
    • + Research and development expenses also include technology development costs, including AI training and other infrastructure costs, third-party development and programming costs, and the depreciation and amortization of assets used to condu…
    • + Prior year net income and diluted EPS were negatively impacted by net losses from investments in OpenAI, which resulted in a decrease in net income and diluted EPS of $3.6 billion and $0.49, respectively.SEGMENT RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (In m…
    • 40 PART IIItem 7 Fiscal Year 2025 Compared with Fiscal Year 2024Research and development expenses increased $3.0 billion or 10% driven by investments in cloud and AI engineering and Gaming, including the impact of the Activision Blizzard a…
    • Our most significant expenses are related to compensating employees; supporting and investing in our cloud-based services, including datacenter operations; designing, manufacturing, marketing, and selling our other products and services; a…
    • Microsoft 365 Commercial cloud revenue growth Revenue from Microsoft 365 Commercial subscriptions, comprising Microsoft 365 Commercial, Enterprise Mo…Microsoft 365 Commercial cloud revenue growth Revenue from Microsoft 365 Commercial subscriptions, comprising Microsoft 365 Commercial, Enterprise Mo…
    • Fluctuations in the U.S. dollar relative to certain foreign currencies did not have a material impact on reported revenue and expenses from our inter…Fluctuations in the U.S. dollar relative to certain foreign currencies increased reported revenue and did not have a material impact on reported expe…
  • GOOGL Disclosure-language shift
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 44% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-02-05
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 44%, 143 added / 169 removed / 54 modified sentences
    • + In addition to risks described elsewhere in this section, our international operations expose us to other risks, including:•restrictions on foreign ownership and investments, and stringent foreign exchange controls that might prevent us fr…
    • + We cannot guarantee that our initiatives will be fully realized on the timelines we expect or at all, and projects that are completed as planned may not achieve the results we anticipate.We are and may continue to be subject to claims, law…
    • + Table of ContentsAlphabet Inc.•Data privacy, collection, processing, and portability: Laws and regulations further restricting the collection, processing, or sharing of user or advertising-related data, including privacy and data protectio…
    • Further, at the federal and state level, there have been various proposals (and in some cases laws enacted) addressing “deepfakes” and other AI-generated synthetic media. •Data privacy, collection, processing, and portability: Laws and reg…
    • In addition to risks described elsewhere in this section, our international operations expose us to other risks, including the following:•restrictions on foreign ownership and investments, and stringent foreign exchange controls that might…
    • As we have seen in recent years, different laws and regulations on the same topic may not always have the same requirements, and even when requiremen…As we have seen in recent years, different laws and regulations on the same topic may not always have the same requirements (and sometimes may seem t…
    • We face formidable competition in every aspect of our business, including but not limited to, from:•general purpose search engines and information se…We face formidable competition in every aspect of our business, including but not limited to, from:•general purpose search engines and information se…
    MD&A (Item 7) — novelty 47%, 37 added / 75 removed / 12 modified sentences
    • + Our data platform also unifies data lakes, data warehouses, data governance, and advanced machine learning into a single platform that helps users analyze data using AI models across any cloud.•Agents: ◦Gemini Enterprise: empowers teams to…
    • + We offer a range of AI accelerators, including our custom TPUs and specialized GPUs, as well as AI-optimized storage offerings, and efficient AI software. •Developer Platform: delivers a fully managed AI development platform, through Verte…
    • + We aim to build the most advanced, safe, and responsible AI through our full-stack approach, which spans AI-optimized infrastructure; world-class research, including models and tooling; and our products and platforms that bring AI to billi…
    • Ongoing Commitment to SustainabilityOur environmental strategy has two key pillars, supported by our dedication to accessible information and technological innovation:•Our products: We are empowering people with information about the envir…
    • We offer widely used first-party, third-party, and open models along with services such as vector search, grounding, and distillation to further improve the cost and quality of models.•Cybersecurity: provides AI powered cybersecurity solut…
    • We face formidable competition in every aspect of our business, including but not limited to, from:•general purpose search engines and information se…We face formidable competition in every aspect of our business, including but not limited to, from:•general purpose search engines and information se…
    • We focus on creating the best advertising experiences for our users and advertisers in many ways, including filtering out invalid traffic, removing b…We focus on creating the best advertising experiences for our users and advertisers in many ways, including filtering out invalid traffic, removing b…
  • AMZN Disclosure-language shift
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 53% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-02-06
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 53%, 177 added / 195 removed / 39 modified sentences
    • + Seattle, WashingtonFebruary 5, 2026 35Table of ContentsAMAZON.COM, INC.CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS(in millions) Year Ended December 31, 202320242025CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH, BEGINNING OF PERIOD$54,253 $73,890 $…
    • + See “Note 7 — Commitments and Contingencies.”The following table summarizes gross gains and gross losses realized on sales of marketable debt securities (in millions):Year Ended December 31,202320242025Realized gains$2 $3 $18 Realized loss…
    • + Lease cost recognized in our consolidated statements of operations is summarized as follows (in millions): Year Ended December 31,202320242025Operating lease cost$10,550 $11,961 $14,006 Finance lease cost:Amortization of lease assets5,899…
    • Seattle, WashingtonFebruary 6, 2025 35Table of ContentsAMAZON.COM, INC.CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS(in millions) Year Ended December 31, 202220232024CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH, BEGINNING OF PERIOD$36,477 $54,253 $…
    • See “Note 7 — Commitments and Contingencies.”The following table summarizes gross gains and gross losses realized on sales of marketable debt securities (in millions):Year Ended December 31,202220232024Realized gains$43 $2 $3 Realized loss…
    • The acquired assets primarily consist of $1.3 billion of intangible assets and $2.5 billion of goodwill, which is allocated to our North America segm…The acquired assets primarily consist of $1.3 billion of intangible assets and $2.5 billion of goodwill, which is allocated to our North America segm…
    • See Item 8 of Part II, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data — Note 1 — Description of Business, Accounting Policies, and Supplemental Disclos…See Item 8 of Part II, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data — Note 1 — Description of Business, Accounting Policies, and Supplemental Disclos…
    MD&A (Item 7) — novelty 6%, 12 added / 12 removed / 26 modified sentences
    • + The Security Committee also oversees the Board’s response to any significant cybersecurity incidents.Our chief security officer, who has extensive cybersecurity knowledge and skills gained from over 15 years of work experience on the secur…
    • + References to past events are provided by way of example only and are not intended to be a complete listing or a representation as to whether or not such factors have occurred in the past.Business and Industry RisksWe Face Intense Competit…
    • + Additionally, we use processes to oversee and identify material risks from cybersecurity threats associated with our use of third-party technology and systems, including: artificial intelligence technologies; technology and systems we use…
    • Our chief security officer, who has extensive cybersecurity knowledge and skills gained from over 15 years of work experience on the security team at Amazon and an extensive career in the technology and cybersecurity industries as a senior…
    • Many of the risks discussed below also impact our customers, including third-party sellers, which could indirectly have a material adverse effect on us.Business and Industry RisksWe Face Intense CompetitionOur businesses are rapidly evolvi…
    • A softening of demand, whether caused by changes in customer preferences or a weakening of the U.S. or global economies, may result in decreased reve…A softening of demand, whether caused by changes in customer preferences or a weakening of the U.S. or global economies, may result in decreased reve…
    • The trading price of our common stock fluctuates significantly in response to, among other risks, the risks described elsewhere in this Item 1A, as w…The trading price of our common stock fluctuates significantly in response to, among other risks, the risks described elsewhere in this Item 1A, as w…
  • META Disclosure-language shift
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 40% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-01-29
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 40%, 65 added / 100 removed / 22 modified sentences
    • + DPF or regulators, courts, or legislative bodies determining that the legal bases we rely upon to transfer user data from the European Union to the United States are invalid;•limitations on our ability to deliver ads to users under the age…
    • + DPF or regulators, courts, or legislative bodies determining that the legal bases we rely upon to transfer user data from the European Union to the United States are invalid;•there is decreased engagement with our products, decreased effic…
    • + If we are unable to provide marketers with a suitable return on investment, the demand for our ads may not increase, or may decline, in which case our revenue and financial results may be harmed.Our advertising revenue can also be adversel…
    • Orders issued by, or inquiries or enforcement actions initiated by, government or regulatory authorities could cause us to incur substantial costs, expose us to civil and criminal liability (including liability for our personnel) or penalt…
    • In addition, there have been, and continue to be, various other litigation concerning, and state and federal legislative and executive efforts to remove or restrict, the scope of the protections available to online platforms under Section…
    • These laws and regulations involve matters including privacy, data use, data combination, data protection and personal information, the provision of…These laws and regulations involve matters including privacy, data use, data combination, data protection and personal information, the provision of…
    • Other trademarks, service marks, or trade names appearing in this Annual Report on Form 10‑K are the property of their respective owners.Available In…Other trademarks, service marks, or trade names appearing in this Annual Report on Form 10‑K are the property of their respective owners.10Table of C…
  • XOM Disclosure-language shift
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 73% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-02-18
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 73%, 116 added / 163 removed / 15 modified sentences
    • + Production Prices and Production CostsThe table below summarizes average production prices and average production costs by geographic area and by product type for the last three years.(dollars per unit)UnitedStatesCanada/OtherAmericasEurop…
    • + Mergers and Acquisitions112Supplemental Information on Oil and Gas Exploration and Production Activities11428 Table of ContentsFinancial Table of Contents BUSINESS PROFILE Earnings (Loss) AfterIncome TaxesAverage CapitalEmployed (Non-GAAP)…
    • + Oil and Gas ProductionThe table below summarizes production by final product sold and by geographic area for the last three years.(thousands of barrels daily)202520242023Crude OilNGLCrude OilNGLCrude OilNGLCrude oil and natural gas liquids…
    • Production Prices and Production CostsThe table below summarizes average production prices and average production costs by geographic area and by product type for the last three years.(dollars per unit)UnitedStatesCanada/OtherAmericasEurop…
    • Oil and Gas ProductionThe table below summarizes production by final product sold and by geographic area for the last three years.(thousands of barrels daily)202420232022Crude OilNGLCrude OilNGLCrude OilNGLCrude oil and natural gas liquids…
    • FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATAReference is made to the following in the Financial Section of this report:• Consolidated financial statem…FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATAReference is made to the following in the Financial Section of this report:• Consolidated financial statem…
    • MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIESThe principal market where ExxonMobil com…MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIESThe principal exchange where ExxonMobil c…
  • COP Disclosure-language shift
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 69% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-02-17
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 69%, 168 added / 212 removed / 24 modified sentences
    • + For discussion of year-to-year comparisons between 2024 and 2023, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in Part II, Item 7 of our 2024 10-K.Consolidated ResultsSummary Operating Statist…
    • + See Note 7.See Note 15—Income Taxes for information regarding our income tax provision and effective tax rate.39ConocoPhillips 2025 10-KResults of Operations Table of ContentsSegment ResultsUnless otherwise indicated, discussion of Segment…
    • + 35ConocoPhillips 2025 10-KManagement’s Discussion and AnalysisTable of ContentsKey Operating and Financial SummarySignificant items during 2025 and recent announcements included the following:•Reported fourth-quarter 2025 earnings per shar…
    • For discussion of year-to-year comparisons between 2023 and 2022, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in Part II, Item 7 of our 2023 10-K.Consolidated ResultsSummary Operating Statist…
    • See Note 8.See Note 16—Income Taxes for information regarding our income tax provision and effective tax rate.41ConocoPhillips 2024 10-KResults of Operations Table of ContentsSegment ResultsUnless otherwise indicated, discussion of Segment…
    • Readers are cautioned that such forward-looking statements should be read in conjunction with the company’s disclosures under the heading: “CAUTIONAR…Readers are cautioned that such forward-looking statements should be read in conjunction with the company’s disclosures under the heading: “CAUTIONAR…
    • Repurchases are made at management’s discretion, at prevailing prices, subject to market conditions and other factors.For more information on factors…Repurchases are made at management’s discretion, at prevailing prices, subject to market conditions and other factors.For more information on factors…
    MD&A (Item 7) — novelty 75%, 5 added / 5 removed / 2 modified sentences
    • + It also represents gross and net productive wells, including producing wells and wells capable of production at December 31, 2025.Wells at December 31, 2025ProductiveIn ProgressOilGasGrossNetGrossNetGrossNetConsolidated operationsAlaska2 2…
    • + Total Discounted future net cash flows for Asia Pacific/Middle East was $12,524.149ConocoPhillips 2025 10-KSupplementary DataTable of ContentsSources of Change in Discounted Future Net Cash Flows Millions of DollarsConsolidated OperationsE…
    • + and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.**Average sales prices include unutilized transportation costs.ConocoPhillips 2025 10-K144Supplementary DataTable of Contents202520242023Average Production Costs Per Barrel of O…
    • It also represents gross and net productive wells, including producing wells and wells capable of production at December 31, 2024.Wells at December 31, 2024ProductiveIn ProgressOilGasGrossNetGrossNetGrossNetConsolidated operationsAlaska3 3…
    • Total Discounted future net cash flows for Asia Pacific/Middle East was $16,704.ConocoPhillips 2024 10-K156Supplementary DataTable of ContentsSources of Change in Discounted Future Net Cash Flows Millions of DollarsConsolidated OperationsE…
    • The calculations also require assumptions as to the timing of future production of proved reserves and the timing and amount of future development co…Total Discounted future net cash flows for Asia Pacific/Middle East was $8,032.Millions of DollarsAlaskaLower48**TotalU.S.CanadaEuropeAsia Pacific/Mi…
    • Total Discounted future net cash flows for Asia Pacific/Middle East was $10,546.Millions of DollarsAlaskaLower48**TotalU.S.CanadaEuropeAsia Pacific/M…Total Discounted future net cash flows for Asia Pacific/Middle East was $10,546.Millions of DollarsAlaskaLower48TotalU.S.CanadaEuropeAsia Pacific/Mid…
  • SLB Disclosure-language shift
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 44% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-01-23
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 44%, 92 added / 117 removed / 15 modified sentences
    • + The following is a summary of the 2025 charges and credits: (Stated in millions) Pretax Charge (Credit) Tax Benefit (Expense) Noncontrolling Interest Net First quarter: Workforce reductions $ 158 $ 10 $ - $ 148 Other merger and integration…
    • + 31, Components of Liquidity: 2025 2024 2023 Cash $ 3,036 $ 3,544 $ 2,900 Short-term investments 1,176 1,125 1,089 Short-term borrowings and current portion of long-term debt (1,894 ) (1,051 ) (1,123 ) Long-term debt (9,742 ) (11,023 ) (10,…
    • + Pretax operating income decreased $277 million year on year primarily due to the effects of the divestiture of the Palliser asset, the pipeline disruption in Ecuador and a significant loss on one particular project in SLB Capturi.Full-Year…
    • 31, Components of Liquidity: 2024 2023 Cash $ 3,544 $ 2,900 Short-term investments 1,125 1,089 Short-term borrowings and current portion of long-term debt (1,051 ) (1,123 ) Long-term debt (11,023 ) (10,842 ) Net debt (1) $ (7,405 ) $ (7,97…
    • The following table reflects the carrying amounts of SLB’s debt at December 31, 2024 by year of maturity: (Stated in millions) After 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2032 Total Fixed rate debt 4.00% Senior Notes $ 523 523 1.40% Seni…
    • These factors include, but are not limited to, the following: •uncertain or volatile political, social, and economic conditions; •exposure to expropr…These factors include, but are not limited to, the following: •uncertain or volatile political, social, and economic conditions;•exposure to expropri…
    • The extent to which our reputation, operations, financial results and cash flows, including the ability to repatriate cash, may be affected by the on…The extent to which our reputation, operations, financial results and cash flows, including the ability to repatriate cash, may be affected by the on…
    MD&A (Item 7) — novelty 44%, 92 added / 117 removed / 15 modified sentences
    • + The following is a summary of the 2025 charges and credits: (Stated in millions) Pretax Charge (Credit) Tax Benefit (Expense) Noncontrolling Interest Net First quarter: Workforce reductions $ 158 $ 10 $ - $ 148 Other merger and integration…
    • + 31, Components of Liquidity: 2025 2024 2023 Cash $ 3,036 $ 3,544 $ 2,900 Short-term investments 1,176 1,125 1,089 Short-term borrowings and current portion of long-term debt (1,894 ) (1,051 ) (1,123 ) Long-term debt (9,742 ) (11,023 ) (10,…
    • + Pretax operating income decreased $277 million year on year primarily due to the effects of the divestiture of the Palliser asset, the pipeline disruption in Ecuador and a significant loss on one particular project in SLB Capturi.Full-Year…
    • 31, Components of Liquidity: 2024 2023 Cash $ 3,544 $ 2,900 Short-term investments 1,125 1,089 Short-term borrowings and current portion of long-term debt (1,051 ) (1,123 ) Long-term debt (11,023 ) (10,842 ) Net debt (1) $ (7,405 ) $ (7,97…
    • The following table reflects the carrying amounts of SLB’s debt at December 31, 2024 by year of maturity: (Stated in millions) After 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2032 Total Fixed rate debt 4.00% Senior Notes $ 523 523 1.40% Seni…
    • These factors include, but are not limited to, the following: •uncertain or volatile political, social, and economic conditions; •exposure to expropr…These factors include, but are not limited to, the following: •uncertain or volatile political, social, and economic conditions;•exposure to expropri…
    • The extent to which our reputation, operations, financial results and cash flows, including the ability to repatriate cash, may be affected by the on…The extent to which our reputation, operations, financial results and cash flows, including the ability to repatriate cash, may be affected by the on…
  • MRK Disclosure-language shift
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 45% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-02-24
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 45%, 174 added / 160 removed / 58 modified sentences
    • + Stockholders’ EquityCommon stock, $0.50 par valueAuthorized - 6,500,000,000 sharesIssued - 3,577,103,522 shares in 2025 and 20241,788 1,788 Other paid-in capital45,029 44,704 Retained earnings73,075 63,069 Accumulated other comprehensive l…
    • + The following table provides information on the Company’s derivative positions subject to these master netting arrangements as if they were presented on a net basis, allowing for the right of offset by counterparty and cash collateral exch…
    • + There were no commercial paper borrowings outstanding at December 31, 2025 or 2024.106Table of ContentsLong-Term DebtLong-term debt at December 31 consisted of:202520242.15% notes due 2031$1,991 $1,989 2.75% notes due 20511,981 1,980 3.70%…
    • Stockholders’ EquityCommon stock, $0.50 par valueAuthorized - 6,500,000,000 sharesIssued - 3,577,103,522 shares in 2024 and 20231,788 1,788 Other paid-in capital44,704 44,509 Retained earnings63,069 53,895 Accumulated other comprehensive l…
    • The following table provides information on the Company’s derivative positions subject to these master netting arrangements as if they were presented on a net basis, allowing for the right of offset by counterparty and cash collateral exch…
    • The effects of the Company’s net investment hedges on OCI and the Consolidated Statement of Income are shown below:Amount of Pretax (Gain) Loss Recog…The effects of the Company’s net investment hedges on OCI and the Consolidated Statement of Income are shown below:Amount of Pretax Loss (Gain) Recog…
    • There are no contingent payments associated with the acquisition, which was accounted for as a business combination.The estimated fair values of asse…There are no contingent payments associated with the acquisition, which was accounted for as a business combination.The estimated fair values of asse…
    MD&A (Item 7) — novelty 50%, 338 added / 293 removed / 98 modified sentences
    • + Stockholders’ EquityCommon stock, $0.50 par valueAuthorized - 6,500,000,000 sharesIssued - 3,577,103,522 shares in 2025 and 20241,788 1,788 Other paid-in capital45,029 44,704 Retained earnings73,075 63,069 Accumulated other comprehensive l…
    • + The Company sells its products to veterinarians, distributors, animal producers, farmers and pet owners.131Table of ContentsSales of the Company’s products were as follows:Years Ended December 31202520242023U.S.Int’lTotalU.S.Int’lTotalU.S.…
    • + Lump sum payments to U.S. pension plan participants also contributed to the settlements recorded during 2023.The components of net periodic benefit cost (credit) other than the service cost component are included in Other (income) expense,…
    • Stockholders’ EquityCommon stock, $0.50 par valueAuthorized - 6,500,000,000 sharesIssued - 3,577,103,522 shares in 2024 and 20231,788 1,788 Other paid-in capital44,704 44,509 Retained earnings63,069 53,895 Accumulated other comprehensive l…
    • The Company sells its products to veterinarians, distributors, animal producers, farmers and pet owners.127Table of ContentsSales of the Company’s products were as follows:Years Ended December 31202420232022U.S.Int’lTotalU.S.Int’lTotalU.S.…
    • The NAV amounts presented in this table are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the fair value of plan assets at Decembe…The NAV amounts presented in this table are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the fair value of plan assets at Decembe…
    • The effects of the Company’s net investment hedges on OCI and the Consolidated Statement of Income are shown below:Amount of Pretax (Gain) Loss Recog…The effects of the Company’s net investment hedges on OCI and the Consolidated Statement of Income are shown below:Amount of Pretax Loss (Gain) Recog…
  • ABBV Disclosure-language shift
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 77% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-02-20
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 77%, 82 added / 69 removed / 9 modified sentences
    • + AbbVie believes that the non-GAAP measure of change in net revenues at constant currency rates, when used in conjunction with the GAAP measure of change in net revenues at actual currency rates, may provide a more complete understanding of…
    • + See Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.2025 Form 10-K | 42 Other Operating IncomeOther operating income included a gain of $217 million in 2025 related to the termination of an R&D collaboration agre…
    • + AbbVie will continue to monitor pending legislation and implementation by individual countries and evaluate the potential impact on the company's business in future periods.43 | 2025 Form 10-K FINANCIAL POSITION, LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESO…
    • AbbVie believes that the non-GAAP measure of change in net revenues at constant currency rates, when used in conjunction with the GAAP measure of change in net revenues at actual currency rates, may provide a more complete understanding of…
    • The study met its primary endpoint and no new safety concerns were identified. •In November 2024, AbbVie announced the EC granted marketing authorization for Elahere for the treatment of adult patients with FRα-positive, platinum-resistant…
    • The effective income tax rates in 2024, 2023 and 2022 differed from the statutory tax rate principally due to the impact of foreign operations with l…The effective income tax rates in 2025, 2024 and 2023 differed from the statutory tax rate principally due to the impact of foreign operations with l…
    • There have been no changes to these commitments that would have a material impact on the company’s ability to meet either short-term or long-term fut…There have been no changes to these commitments that would have a material impact on the company’s ability to meet either short-term or long-term fut…
    MD&A (Item 7) — novelty 24%, 37 added / 26 removed / 23 modified sentences
    • + Rinvoq (upadacitinib) is an oral, once-daily selective and reversible JAK inhibitor that is approved to treat the following inflammatory diseases in North America, the European Union and Japan:Condition Principal MarketsRheumatoid arthriti…
    • + It is a biologic therapy approved to treat the following autoimmune diseases in the United States, Canada and Mexico (collectively, North America), the European Union and Japan:ConditionPrincipal MarketsPlaque psoriasis (moderate to severe…
    • + It is also indicated for the treatment of adults and adolescents 12 years of age and older with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis whose disease is not adequately controlled with other systemic drug products, including biologics, or when…
    • Rinvoq (upadacitinib) is an oral, once-daily selective and reversible JAK inhibitor that is approved to treat the following inflammatory diseases in North America, the European Union and Japan:Condition Principal MarketsRheumatoid arthriti…
    • It is a biologic therapy approved to treat the following autoimmune diseases in North America, the European Union and Japan:ConditionPrincipal MarketsPlaque psoriasis (moderate to severe)North America, European Union, JapanPsoriatic arthri…
    • It is approved to treat the following autoimmune diseases in the United States, Canada and Mexico (collectively, North America) and in the European U…It is approved to treat the following autoimmune diseases in North America and in the European Union:Condition Principal MarketsRheumatoid arthritis…
    • To the extent that AbbVie’s employees, consultants, advisors, contractors and collaborators use intellectual property owned by others in their work f…To the extent that AbbVie’s employees, consultants, advisors, contractors and collaborators use intellectual property owned by others in their work f…
  • NVS Disclosure-language shift
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 42% (20-F)
    Disclosure-language shift · 20-F · filed 2026-02-04
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 42%, 132 added / 64 removed / 29 modified sentences
    • + Product Year of Expiration (US) Year of Expiration (EU)1Entresto Combination patent expired 2026 2Cosentyx 2029 2030Kesimpta 2031 CoM patent expired 4Kisqali 2031 2032Promacta/Revolade CoM patent expired CoM patent expiredTafinlar 2030 202…
    • + Because of these pressures, there can be no certainty that in every instance we will be able to charge prices for a product that, in a particular country or in the aggregate, would enable us to earn an adequate return on our investment in…
    • + —Supply chain and product quality—Inability to maintain continuity of product supply and to ensure proper controls in product development and product manufacturing.” We have implemented a global manufacturing strategy to maximize business…
    • Due to increasing political pressure and governmental budget constraints, we expect these mechanisms to remain robust – and potentially even be strengthened – and to have a continued negative influence on the prices we are able to charge f…
    • 35Product Year of Expiration (US) Year of Expiration (EU)1Entresto 2025 2 2026Cosentyx 2029 2030Kesimpta 2031 CoM patent expired 3Kisqali 2031 4 2032Promacta/Revolade CoM patent expired 2025Tafinlar 2030 2029Mekinist 2027 2029Use of Mekini…
    • During this period, a potential competitor generally may not market the same or similar drug for the same indication even if the competitor’s applica…European Union • A new pharmaceutical ingredient receives eight years of data protection, during which a competitor cannot rely on the relevant data;…
    • Key Information—Item 3.D Risk factors—Intellectual property—Expiry, assertion or loss of intellectual property protection.”Intellectual property prot…Key Information—Item 3.D Risk factors—Intellectual property—Expiry, assertion or loss of intellectual property protection.” Intellectual property pro…
    MD&A (Item 7) — novelty 54%, 403 added / 383 removed / 110 modified sentences
    • + Selected development projectsCompound/product Common name Mechanism of action Potential indication Category Formulation/ route of administration Year project entered current development phase Planned filing dates/current phaseAAA817 actini…
    • + 2 For an explanation of non-IFRS measures and reconciliation tables, see "—Non-IFRS measures as defined by Novartis."45The following table provides the top 20 product net sales from continuing operations1 in 2025, as well as the change com…
    • + You should not place undue reliance on these statements.In particular, our expectations could be affected by, among other things, risks and uncertainties concerning:• trends toward healthcare cost-containment, including new laws, executive…
    • See “—Regulation” for more information on the approval process.25Selected development projectsCompound/product Common name Mechanism of action Potential indication Category Formulation/ route of administration Year project entered current…
    • 2 For an explanation of non-IFRS measures and reconciliation tables, see "—Non-IFRS measures as defined by Novartis."42The following table provides the top 20 product net sales from continuing operations in 2024, as well as the change comp…
    • Forward-looking statements can be identified by words such as “potential,” “expect,” “will,” “plan,” “pipeline,” “outlook,” “may,” “could,” “would,”…Forward-looking statements can be identified by words such as “potential,” “expect,” “will,” “plan,” “pipeline,” “outlook,” “may,” “could,” “would,”…
    • These types of matters may take various forms based on evolving government enforcement and private party litigation priorities, and could include, am…These types of matters may take various forms based on evolving government enforcement and private party litigation priorities, and could include, am…
  • LMT Disclosure-language shift
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 62% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-01-29
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 62%, 141 added / 130 removed / 30 modified sentences
    • + See “Note 1 – Organization and Significant Accounting Policies” for a discussion related to certain factors that may impact the comparability of sales and operating profit of our business segments.Sales, operating costs and expenses and op…
    • + While management believes that free cash flow as a non-GAAP financial measure may be useful in evaluating our financial performance, it should be considered supplemental to, and not a substitute for, financial information prepared in accor…
    • + Unfavorable items include the adverse resolution of contractual matters, supply chain disruptions, restructuring charges (except for significant severance actions, which are excluded from segment operating results), reserves for disputes,…
    • See “Note 1 – Organization and Significant Accounting Policies” for a discussion related to certain factors that may impact the comparability of net sales and operating profit of our business segments.36Table of Contents Sales, cost of sal…
    • As a result, to the extent that CAS pension cost exceeds the service cost component of FAS pension income (expense), we have a favorable FAS/CAS pension operating adjustment.37Table of Contents The total FAS/CAS pension adjustments, includ…
    • See “Note 16 – Impairment and Severance Charges” included in our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.Other Unalloca…See “Note 16 – Impairment and Other Charges” included in our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.Other Unallocated,…
    • We may at times refinance existing indebtedness, vary our mix of variable-rate and fixed-rate debt or seek alternative financing sources for our cash…We may at times 41Table of Contents refinance existing indebtedness, vary our mix of variable-rate and fixed-rate debt or seek alternative financing…
  • NOC Disclosure-language shift
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 53% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-01-27
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 53%, 27 added / 33 removed / 18 modified sentences
    • + If our contracts with the U.S. government include such terms and we are determined to have triggered any of the foregoing circumstances, we may be prohibited from engaging in share repurchases or dividends for a period of time.-8-Table of…
    • + Certain of our programs have been, and in the future, one or more of our programs could be, subject to notification under the Nunn-McCurdy Act, and if we are unable to achieve certification for continuance, or if the cost of such efforts e…
    • + In some cases, they have also ultimately resulted and could result in termination of a contract for convenience or reduced future orders.Additionally, if program costs exceed certain thresholds, or if programs are behind schedule, our U.S.…
    • In some cases, they have also ultimately resulted and could result in termination of a contract for convenience or reduced future orders.•Significant delays or reductions in appropriations for our programs or U.S. government funding more b…
    • Termination due to our default (or that of a teammate) could have a material adverse effect on our reputation, our ability to compete for other contracts and our financial position, results of operations and/or cash flows.Where program cos…
    • There are many reasons estimated contract costs can increase, including inflation, labor challenges, supply chain challenges, and market and exchange…There are many reasons estimated contract costs can increase, including inflation, labor challenges, supply chain challenges, shortages of raw materi…
    • We also face -10-NORTHROP GRUMMAN CORPORATIONadditional financial risk when solicitations require us to bid on cost-type development work and fixed-p…We also face additional financial risk when solicitations require us to bid on cost-type development work and fixed-price production lots and/or opti…
    MD&A (Item 7) — novelty 65%, 49 added / 30 removed / 7 modified sentences
    • + These non-GAAP measures may not be defined and calculated by other companies in the same manner and should not be considered in isolation or as an alternative to operating results presented in accordance with GAAP.Financial HighlightsSelec…
    • + Contract mix can also refer to differences in the profitability of the programs that drive changes in sales (e.g., sales growth or decreases on programs with accretive or dilutive margin rates).CONSOLIDATED OPERATING RESULTSNon-GAAP Financ…
    • + The full impact of these governmental actions on macroeconomic conditions and on our business is uncertain, difficult to predict and depends on a number of factors, including the extent and duration of tariffs, any -27-Table of ContentsNOR…
    • These non-GAAP measures may not be defined and calculated by other companies in the same manner and should not be considered in isolation or as an alternative to operating results presented in accordance with GAAP.Selected financial highli…
    • To the extent the July 1, 2024 SDS realignment impacted the disclosures in the 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K, we recast those prior year MD&A disclosures herein.Global Security EnvironmentThe U.S. and its allies continue to face a global…
    • We believe our capabilities, particularly in space, C4ISR, missile defense, battle management, advanced weapons, strategic deterrence, and survivable…We believe our capabilities, particularly in space, C4ISR, air and missile defense, battle management, advanced weapons, strategic deterrence, surviv…
    • If our estimated cost to complete the aircraft changes or our assumptions regarding contract performance, quantities, supplier negotiations, or fundi…If our estimated cost to complete the aircraft changes, if we reach an agreement with the customer regarding an accelerated production rate, or if ou…
  • GD Disclosure-language shift
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 54% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-01-30
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 54%, 127 added / 123 removed / 28 modified sentences
    • + FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATACONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF EARNINGSYear Ended December 31(Dollars in millions, except per-share amounts)202520242023Revenue:Products$33,021 $28,635 $24,595 Services19,529 19,081 17,677 52,550 47,71…
    • + MARKET FOR THE COMPANY’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIESOur common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the trading symbol “GD.”On December 31, 2025, there were approxima…
    • + Our total estimated contract value, which combines total backlog with estimated potential contract value, was $178.9 billion on December 31, 2025.The following table details the backlog and estimated potential contract value of each segmen…
    • MARKET FOR THE COMPANY’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIESOur common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the trading symbol “GD.”On January 26, 2025, there were approximat…
    • Our total estimated contract value, which combines total backlog with estimated potential contract value, was $144 billion on December 31, 2024.39The following table details the backlog and estimated potential contract value of each segmen…
    • Novakovic – Chairman and Chief Executive Officer since January 2013; President and Chief Operating Officer, May 2012 - December 2012; Executive Vice…Novakovic – Chairman and Chief Executive Officer since January 2013; President and Chief Operating Officer, May 2012 - December 2012; Executive Vice…
    • We believe our facilities are adequate for our present needs and, given planned improvements and construction, expect them to remain adequate for the…We believe our facilities are adequate for our present needs and, given planned improvements and construction, expect them to remain adequate for the…
    MD&A (Item 7) — novelty 52%, 89 added / 75 removed / 27 modified sentences
    • + ELS also offers Duro and Eagle tactical vehicles in a range of options and weight classes and is currently producing these vehicles for Germany, Switzerland and Luxembourg, while providing a full range of product support for the German and…
    • + Under time-and-materials contracts, the customer pays a fixed hourly rate for direct labor and generally reimburses us for the cost of materials.Of our U.S. government revenue, fixed-price contracts accounted for 51% in 2025, 51% in 2024 a…
    • + Our large installed base of wheeled and tracked vehicles around the world and expertise gained from research, engineering and production programs position us well for modernization programs, support and sustainment services, and future dev…
    • NASSCO has also designed and built crude oil and product tankers and container and cargo ships for commercial customers, satisfying Jones Act requirements that ships carrying cargo between U.S. ports be built in U.S. shipyards.On December…
    • Under time-and-materials contracts, the customer pays a fixed hourly rate for direct labor and generally reimburses us for the cost of materials.Of our U.S. government revenue, fixed-price contracts accounted for 51% in 2024, 53% in 2023 a…
    • The Gulfstream family of aircraft offer industry-leading cabin, cockpit and safety technologies and the longest ranges at the fastest speeds in their…The Gulfstream family of aircraft offers industry-leading cabin, cockpit and safety technologies and the longest ranges at the fastest speeds in thei…
    • The business’ portfolio includes both prime contract programs with government customers as well as subcontract positions with large platform provider…The business’s portfolio includes both prime contract programs with government customers as well as subcontract positions with large platform provide…
  • RTX Disclosure-language shift
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 65% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-02-06
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 65%, 75 added / 91 removed / 16 modified sentences
    • + Net services cost of sales increased $1.2 billion in 2024 compared to 2023, primarily due to increases in external services cost of sales at Pratt & Whitney and Collins, partially offset by a decrease in external services cost of sales at…
    • + These figures assume that all dividends paid over the five-year period were reinvested, and that the starting value of each index and the investment in common stock was $100.00 on December 31, 2020.Comparison of Cumulative Five Year Total…
    • + Net services sales increased $1.8 billion in 2024 compared to 2023, primarily due to increases in external services sales of $2.0 billion at Pratt & Whitney, including the absence of a services sales charge of $0.1 billion associated with…
    • The above items were partially offset by a $0.9 billion charge in the second quarter of 2024 related to the Resolution of Certain Legal Matters, a $0.6 billion charge in the second quarter of 2024 related to the Raytheon Contract Terminati…
    • These figures assume that all dividends paid over the five-year period were reinvested, and that the starting value of each index and the investment in common stock was $100.00 on December 31, 2019.Comparison of Cumulative Five Year Total…
    • Changes in these budget and spending levels, policies, or priorities, which are subject to U.S. domestic and foreign geopolitical risks and threats,…Changes in these budget and spending levels, policies, or priorities, which are subject to U.S. domestic and foreign geopolitical risks and threats,…
    • We also use these and other performance metrics for executive compensation purposes.A discussion of our results of operations and financial condition…We also use these and other performance metrics for executive compensation purposes.A discussion of our results of operations and financial condition…
    MD&A (Item 7) — novelty 17%, 54 added / 103 removed / 72 modified sentences
    • + Such risks, uncertainties, and other factors include, without limitation: •changes in economic, capital market, and political conditions in the U.S. and globally; •changes in U.S. government defense spending, national priorities, and polic…
    • + These figures assume that all dividends paid over the five-year period were reinvested, and that the starting value of each index and the investment in common stock was $100.00 on December 31, 2020.Comparison of Cumulative Five Year Total…
    • + The U.S. government has the ability to unilaterally definitize contracts, which would obligate us to perform under terms and conditions imposed by the U.S. government without our agreement.For further discussion of risks related to governm…
    • Such risks, uncertainties, and other factors include, without limitation: •the effect of changes in economic, capital market, and political conditions in the U.S. and globally, such as from the global sanctions and export controls with res…
    • These figures assume that all dividends paid over the five-year period were reinvested, and that the starting value of each index and the investment in common stock was $100.00 on December 31, 2019.Comparison of Cumulative Five Year Total…
    • Further, these transactions involve certain other risks and uncertainties including: (1) the risks involved with entering new markets; (2) the diffic…Further, these transactions involve certain other risks and uncertainties including: (1) the risks involved with entering new markets; (2) the diffic…
    • Furthermore, the existing supply chain issues could be compounded by other events, such as an economic downturn; changes in trade policies, such as t…Furthermore, the existing supply chain issues could be compounded by other events, such as an economic downturn; changes in trade policies, such as t…
  • BA Disclosure-language shift
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 39% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-01-30
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 39%, 40 added / 117 removed / 23 modified sentences
    • + Our customers’ fleet decisions and financial position are also impacted by fuel and other costs, as well as inflationary pressures.6Table of ContentsOur Commercial Airplanes business depends on our ability to maintain a healthy production…
    • + Although deliveries to those customers have since resumed, if we are unable to deliver aircraft to customers in China consistent with our assumptions and/or obtain additional orders from China in the future, we may experience reduced deliv…
    • + Any of these impacts could have a material effect on our financial position, results of operations and/or cash flows.As a result of the significant ongoing uncertainty with respect to both U.S. defense spending and the evolving nature of t…
    • As cyber threats increase in volume and sophistication, the risk to the security of these systems and networks – and to the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the data they house – continues to evolve, requiring constant vigil…
    • If we were unable to protect against the unauthorized access, release or corruption of our customers’ or suppliers’ confidential, classified or personally identifiable information, we could suffer a loss of business, face regulatory action…
    • We are subject to risks of doing business internationally, including:•changes in regulatory requirements or other executive branch actions, such as E…We are subject to risks of doing business internationally, including:•changes in regulatory requirements or other executive branch actions, such as E…
    • If production rate changes at any of our commercial aircraft assembly facilities are delayed or create significant disruption to our production syste…If production rate changes on any of our programs are delayed or create significant disruption to our production system, or if our suppliers cannot t…
  • TGT Disclosure-language shift
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 33% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-03-11
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 33%, 62 added / 56 removed / 36 modified sentences
    • + During 2025, we:•Took action on our initiative to transform various aspects of our business, including organizational simplification to streamline decision-making, reduce complexity, and drive efficiency; •Advanced the multi-year transform…
    • + There were no Target common stock purchases made during the three months ended January 31, 2026, by Target or any "affiliated purchaser" of Target, as defined in Rule 10b-18(a)(3) under the Exchange Act.TARGET CORPORATION2025 Form 10-K25OT…
    • + PropertiesStores as ofJanuary 31, 2026StoresRetail Square Feet(in thousands)Stores as ofJanuary 31, 2026Stores Retail Square Feet(in thousands)Alabama23 3,153 Montana7 777 Alaska3 504 Nebraska15 2,163 Arizona48 6,377 Nevada18 2,262 Arkansa…
    • During 2024, we•Continued to emphasize newness and differentiation across our assortment, including a steady flow of exclusive products and designer collaborations, such as:◦2,000 new wellness products introduced in January of 2025—600 of…
    • The table below presents information with respect to Target common stock purchases made during the three months ended February 1, 2025 by Target or any "affiliated purchaser" of Target, as defined in Rule 10b-18(a)(3) under the Exchange Ac…
    • We have systems in place to:•safely receive, protect, and store that information;•collect, use, and share that information appropriately; and•detect,…We have systems in place to:•safely receive, protect, and store that information;•collect, use, and share that information appropriately; and•detect,…
    • A deterioration in U.S. macroeconomic conditions or consumer confidence or spending could adversely affect our business in many ways, such as negativ…A deterioration in U.S. macroeconomic conditions or consumer confidence or spending could adversely affect our business in many ways, such as negativ…
    MD&A (Item 7) — novelty 29%, 96 added / 68 removed / 57 modified sentences
    • + We generally pay duties based on the price Target pays its vendors for the goods, and later seek refunds for qualifying transactions by filing first sale claims, a significant portion of which have processing and payment cycles that extend…
    • + PropertiesStores as ofJanuary 31, 2026StoresRetail Square Feet(in thousands)Stores as ofJanuary 31, 2026Stores Retail Square Feet(in thousands)Alabama23 3,153 Montana7 777 Alaska3 504 Nebraska15 2,163 Arizona48 6,377 Nevada18 2,262 Arkansa…
    • + We achieve effective inventory management by staying in-stock in core product offerings, maintaining positive vendor relationships, and carefully planning inventory levels for seasonal and apparel items to minimize markdowns.TARGET CORPORA…
    • PropertiesStores as ofFebruary 1, 2025StoresRetail Square Feet(in thousands)Stores as ofFebruary 1, 2025Stores Retail Square Feet(in thousands)Alabama23 3,153 Montana7 777 Alaska3 504 Nebraska14 2,015 Arizona46 6,080 Nevada18 2,262 Arkansa…
    • In particular, we rely on our administrative functions in India for various business operations and any events that negatively impact the availability or effectiveness of our administrative functions in India, including political or econom…
    • We have systems in place to:•safely receive, protect, and store that information;•collect, use, and share that information appropriately; and•detect,…We have systems in place to:•safely receive, protect, and store that information;•collect, use, and share that information appropriately; and•detect,…
    • A deterioration in U.S. macroeconomic conditions or consumer confidence or spending could adversely affect our business in many ways, such as negativ…A deterioration in U.S. macroeconomic conditions or consumer confidence or spending could adversely affect our business in many ways, such as negativ…
  • HD Disclosure-language shift
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 31% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-03-18
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 31%, 152 added / 140 removed / 107 modified sentences
    • + As a result, our business and operating results could be adversely affected.Natural disasters, unseasonable, unexpected or extreme weather conditions, as well as other catastrophic or uncharacteristic events, could impact our operations an…
    • + Disruptions, delays, failures, inaccuracies, or other performance issues in or with our customer-facing technology systems, either due to increased volumes, system or other technology modifications, cybersecurity incidents or attacks, info…
    • + Our online product offerings complement our stores by serving as an extended aisle, and we offer a significantly broader product assortment through our mobile applications and websites, including homedepot.com, our primary website; homedep…
    • Disruptions, delays, failures or other performance issues with our customer-facing technology systems, either due to increased volumes, system modifications, cybersecurity incidents or attacks, information technology outages or other inter…
    • Our online product offerings complement our stores by serving as an extended aisle, and we offer a significantly broader product assortment through our websites and mobile applications, including homedepot.com, our primary website; homedep…
    • Changes in, expanded regulatory investigations or Fiscal 2024 Form 10-K19Table of Contentsenforcement of, litigation regarding, or adoption of new fe…Changes in, expanded regulatory investigations or enforcement of, litigation regarding, or adoption of new federal, state, local or international law…
    • Such disruptions may result, and on occasion have resulted, from damage or destruction to our distribution or fulfillment centers or those of our sup…Such disruptions may result, and on occasion have resulted, from damage or destruction to our distribution or fulfillment centers or those of our sup…
    MD&A (Item 7) — novelty 43%, 89 added / 80 removed / 34 modified sentences
    • + Our online product offerings complement our stores by serving as an extended aisle, and we offer a significantly broader product assortment through our mobile applications and websites, including homedepot.com, our primary website; homedep…
    • + Our capital allocation principles are as follows:•First, we intend to reinvest in our business to drive growth faster than the market.•Second, after reinvesting in the business, we look to pay a quarterly dividend.•Third, after reinvesting…
    • + We aim to provide the best experience across our physical and digital assets, throughout the entire shopping journey from inspiration to post-purchase support, and we believe that engagement with customers across different touchpoints has…
    • Our online product offerings complement our stores by serving as an extended aisle, and we offer a significantly broader product assortment through our websites and mobile applications, including homedepot.com, our primary website; homedep…
    • Our capital allocation principles are as follows:•First, we intend to reinvest in our business to drive growth faster than the market.•Second, after meeting the needs of the business, we look to pay a quarterly dividend.•Third, after reinv…
    • Our associates can take advantage of a range of benefits, including healthcare and wellness programs, vacation and leave of absence benefits, includi…Our associates can take advantage of a range of benefits, including healthcare and wellness programs, vacation and leave of absence benefits, includi…
    • In addition to serving our DIFM customer needs, we believe our focus on the Pros who perform services for these customers helps us drive higher produ…In addition to serving our DIFM customer needs, we believe our focus on Pros who perform services for these customers helps us drive higher product s…
  • KKR Disclosure-language shift
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 55% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-02-27
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 55%, 101 added / 103 removed / 18 modified sentences
    • + Years Ended($ in thousands)December 31, 2025December 31, 2024Change Revenues Asset Management and Strategic Holdings Fees and Other$4,064,273$3,653,962$410,311Capital Allocation-Based Income (Loss)3,771,2353,558,284212,9517,835,5087,212,24…
    • + For a discussion of other factors that affected KKR's interest expense, see "—Key Segment and Non-GAAP Performance Measures."Expenses Compensation and Benefits The increase in compensation and benefits during the year ended December 31, 20…
    • + Common Stockholders$2,251,867$3,076,245$(824,378)Consolidated Results of Operations (GAAP Basis) – Asset Management and Strategic HoldingsRevenues For the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, revenues consisted of the following: Years E…
    • Years Ended December 31, 2024December 31, 2023Change ($ in thousands)Revenues Asset Management and Strategic Holdings Fees and Other$3,653,962 $2,963,869 $690,093 Capital Allocation-Based Income (Loss)3,558,284 2,843,437 714,847 7,212,246…
    • Common Stockholders$3,076,245 $3,680,514 $(604,269)Consolidated Results of Operations (GAAP Basis) - Asset Management and Strategic HoldingsRevenues For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, revenues consisted of the following: Years…
    • FPAUM is the sum of all of the individual fee bases that are used to calculate KKR's and its hedge fund and BDC partnership management fees and diffe…FPAUM is the sum of all of the individual fee bases that are used to calculate management fees and differs from AUM in the following respects: (i) as…
    • Because we make our investment in our business through a holding company structure and the applicable holding companies do not own any material cash-…Because we make our investment in our business through a holding company structure and the applicable holding companies do not own any material cash-…
    MD&A (Item 7) — novelty 79%, 174 added / 144 removed / 9 modified sentences
    • + You should read this summary together with a more detailed description of these risks in the “Risk Factors” section of this report and in other filings that we make from time to time with the SEC.We are subject to risks related to our busi…
    • + and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations84 Item 7A.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk145 Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data155 Item 9.Changes in and Disagreements with Accountant…
    • + The timing of receipt of carried interest is dictated by multiple factors including, but not limited to: (i) a realization event has occurred, (ii) the fund has achieved positive overall investment returns since its inception, in excess of…
    • You should read this summary together with a more detailed description of these risks in the “Risk Factors” section of this report and in other filings that we make from time to time with the SEC.We are subject to risks related to our busi…
    • Investment PeriodAmount ($ in millions) StartDate(1)EndDate (2)Commitment (3)UncalledCommitmentsInvestedRealizedRemainingCost (4)RemainingFair ValueGross Accrued Carried InterestPrivate Equity Business Line North America Fund XIII8/20218/2…
    • Inc.; our statements regarding the potential of, and future financial results from, KKR’s Strategic Holdings segment (including expectations about di…Inc.; our statements regarding the potential of, and future financial results from, KKR’s Strategic Holdings segment, including expectations about di…
    • Our outstanding common stock on a fully exchanged and diluted basis does not include shares of common stock available for issuance pursuant to the 20…Our outstanding common stock on a fully exchanged and diluted basis does not include shares of common stock available for issuance pursuant to the 20…
  • SCHW Disclosure-language shift
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 61% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-02-25
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 61%, 138 added / 173 removed / 16 modified sentences
    • + Deceleration of client cash reallocation activity, along with principal and interest payments on the AFS and HTM securities portfolios, supported a reduction in bank supplemental funding of $14.9 billion, or 23%, during the fourth quarter…
    • + The following table presents asset management and administration fees, average client assets, and average fee yields:Year Ended December 31,202520242023AverageClientAssetsRevenueAverageFeeAverageClientAssetsRevenueAverageFeeAverageClientAs…
    • + Financial information for our segments is presented in the following table:Investor ServicesAdvisor ServicesTotalPercent Change2025-2024202520242023Percent Change2025-2024202520242023Percent Change2025-2024202520242023Year Ended December 3…
    • In the fourth quarter of 2023, the Company saw bank deposits and payables to brokerage clients increase by a total of $17.5 billion, or 5%, due in part to typical seasonal cash inflows near year-end. - 34 -THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATIONMan…
    • The following table presents asset management and administration fees, average client assets, and average fee yields:Year Ended December 31,202420232022AverageClientAssetsRevenueAverageFeeAverageClientAssetsRevenueAverageFeeAverageClientAs…
    • These sub-committees include the:•Operational Risk Oversight Committee – provides oversight of and approves operational risk management policies, ris…These sub-committees include the:•Operational Risk Oversight Committee – provides oversight of and approves operational risk management policies, ris…
    • The borrowed money can be used to purchase additional securities or to meet short-term financial needs.Master netting arrangement: An agreement betwe…The borrowed money can be used to purchase additional securities or to meet short-term financial needs.- 26 -THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATIONManagement…
    MD&A (Item 7) — novelty 63%, 149 added / 184 removed / 18 modified sentences
    • + These statements relate to, among other things:•Maximizing our market valuation and stockholder returns over time; and our belief that developing trusted relationships will translate into more client assets which drives revenue and, along…
    • + Deceleration of client cash reallocation activity, along with principal and interest payments on the AFS and HTM securities portfolios, supported a reduction in bank supplemental funding of $14.9 billion, or 23%, during the fourth quarter…
    • + The following table presents asset management and administration fees, average client assets, and average fee yields:Year Ended December 31,202520242023AverageClientAssetsRevenueAverageFeeAverageClientAssetsRevenueAverageFeeAverageClientAs…
    • These statements relate to, among other things:•Maximizing our market valuation and stockholder returns over time; our belief that developing trusted relationships will translate into more client assets which drives revenue and, along with…
    • In the fourth quarter of 2023, the Company saw bank deposits and payables to brokerage clients increase by a total of $17.5 billion, or 5%, due in part to typical seasonal cash inflows near year-end. - 34 -THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATIONMan…
    • Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this Annual Report on Form…Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this Annual Report on Form…
    • These sub-committees include the:•Operational Risk Oversight Committee – provides oversight of and approves operational risk management policies, ris…These sub-committees include the:•Operational Risk Oversight Committee – provides oversight of and approves operational risk management policies, ris…
  • BRK-B Disclosure-language shift
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 45% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-03-02
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 45%, 138 added / 149 removed / 33 modified sentences
    • + K-29 BHE or its affiliates own or have interests in the following types of operating electric generating facilities at December 31, 2025: Energy Source Entity Location by Significance FacilityNetCapacity(MW) (1) NetOwnedCapacity(MW) (1) Wi…
    • + BHE’s subsidiaries also have battery energy storage systems in Nevada, Montana, California, West Virginia and Oregon having total Facility Net Capacity and Net Owned Capacity in operation of 320 MW and under construction of 543 MW.PacifiCo…
    • + 2025 2024 2023 Insurance – underwriting $ 7,258 $ 9,020 $ 5,428 Insurance – investment income 12,513 13,670 9,567 BNSF 5,476 5,031 5,087 Berkshire Hathaway Energy (“BHE”) 3,979 3,730 2,331 Manufacturing, service and retailing 13,647 13,072…
    • BHE or its affiliates own or have interests in the following types of operating electric generating facilities at December 31, 2024: Energy Source Entity Location by Significance FacilityNetCapacity(MW) (1) NetOwnedCapacity(MW) (1) Wind Pa…
    • 2024 2023 2022 Amount % Amount % Amount % Premiums written $ 21,899 $ 22,360 $ 16,962 Premiums earned $ 22,239 100.0 $ 21,938 100.0 $ 16,040 100.0 Losses and loss adjustment expenses 12,244 55.1 12,664 57.7 10,605 66.1 Underwriting expense…
    • Political, economic, social or financial market instability or damage to or interference with our operating assets, customers or suppliers from cyber…Political, economic, social or financial market instability or damage to or interference with our operating assets, customers or suppliers from cyber…
    • Stock Performance Graph The following chart compares the value of $100 invested in Berkshire common stock on December 31, 2019 and subsequent values…Stock Performance Graph The following chart compares the value of $100 invested in Berkshire common stock on December 31, 2020 and subsequent values…
    MD&A (Item 7) — novelty 73%, 139 added / 130 removed / 15 modified sentences
    • + Percentage change 2025 2024 2023 2025 vs 2024 2024 vs 2023 Revenues: Industrial products $ 37,301 $ 35,833 $ 34,884 4.1 % 2.7 % Building products 26,764 26,525 25,965 0.9 2.2 Consumer products 14,422 14,873 14,556 (3.0 ) 2.2 $ 78,487 $ 77,…
    • + Percentage change 2025 2024 2023 2025 vs 2024 2024 vs 2023 Revenues: Manufacturing $ 78,487 $ 77,231 $ 75,405 1.6 % 2.4 % Service and retailing 135,843 138,672 144,342 (2.0 ) (3.9 ) $ 214,330 $ 215,903 $ 219,747 (0.7 ) (1.7 ) Pre-tax earni…
    • + Percentage change 2025 2024 2023 2025 vs 2024 2024 vs 2023 Revenues: Service $ 22,982 $ 20,697 $ 20,588 11.0 % 0.5 % McLane 50,998 51,907 52,607 (1.8 ) (1.3 ) Retailing 19,665 19,177 19,408 2.5 (1.2 ) Pilot* 42,198 46,891 51,739 (10.0 ) (9…
    • Percentage change 2024 2023 2022 2024 vs 2023 2023 vs 2022 Revenues Manufacturing $ 77,231 $ 75,405 $ 75,781 2.4 % (0.5 )% Service and retailing 138,672 144,342 91,512 (3.9 ) 57.7 $ 215,903 $ 219,747 $ 167,293 (1.7 ) 31.4 Pre-tax earnings…
    • Percentage change 2024 2023 2022 2024 vs 2023 2023 vs 2022 Revenues Industrial products $ 35,833 $ 34,884 $ 30,824 2.7 % 13.2 % Building products 26,525 25,965 28,896 2.2 (10.1 ) Consumer products 14,873 14,556 16,061 2.2 (9.4 ) $ 77,231 $…
    • Our other service businesses franchise and service a network of quick service restaurants (Dairy Queen), lease transportation equipment (XTRA) and fu…Our other service businesses franchise and service a network of quick service restaurants (Dairy Queen), lease transportation equipment (XTRA) and fu…
    • Marmon’s pre-tax earnings declined 8.7% in 2024 compared to 2023, reflecting lower earnings from the Transportation Products, Metals Services and Ret…Marmon’s pre-tax earnings declined 8.7% in 2024 compared to 2023, reflecting lower earnings from the Transportation Products, Metals Services and Ret…
  • TRV Disclosure-language shift
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 47% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-02-12
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 47%, 246 added / 251 removed / 88 modified sentences
    • + AND SUBSIDIARIESCONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS(in millions)For the year ended December 31,202520242023Cash flows from operating activitiesNet income$6,288 $4,999 $2,991 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by oper…
    • + INSURANCE CLAIM RESERVES (Continued)Claims DevelopmentThe following is a summary of claims and claim adjustment expense reserves, including certain components, for the Company’s major product lines by reporting segment as of December 31, 2…
    • + FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Continued)The following tables present the changes in the Level 3 fair value category for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024.(in millions)FixedMaturitiesEquity SecuritiesOtherInvestmentsTotalBalance as of D…
    • FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Continued)The following tables present the changes in the Level 3 fair value category for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.(in millions)FixedMaturitiesEquity SecuritiesOtherInvestmentsTotalBalance at Dece…
    • AND SUBSIDIARIESCONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS(in millions)For the year ended December 31,202420232022Cash flows from operating activitiesNet income$4,999 $2,991 $2,842 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by oper…
    • These statements include, among other things, the Company’s statements about:•the Company’s outlook, the impact of trends on its business and its fut…These statements include, among other things, the Company’s statements about:•the Company’s outlook, the impact of trends on its business and its fut…
    • SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)In estimating the recovery value, significant judgment is involved in the development of assump…Included in the present value calculation are expected principal and interest payments; however, for securities for which the issuer is classified as…
    MD&A (Item 7) — novelty 47%, 249 added / 255 removed / 94 modified sentences
    • + AND SUBSIDIARIESCONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS(in millions)For the year ended December 31,202520242023Cash flows from operating activitiesNet income$6,288 $4,999 $2,991 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by oper…
    • + INSURANCE CLAIM RESERVES (Continued)Claims DevelopmentThe following is a summary of claims and claim adjustment expense reserves, including certain components, for the Company’s major product lines by reporting segment as of December 31, 2…
    • + FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Continued)The following tables present the changes in the Level 3 fair value category for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024.(in millions)FixedMaturitiesEquity SecuritiesOtherInvestmentsTotalBalance as of D…
    • FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Continued)The following tables present the changes in the Level 3 fair value category for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.(in millions)FixedMaturitiesEquity SecuritiesOtherInvestmentsTotalBalance at Dece…
    • AND SUBSIDIARIESCONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS(in millions)For the year ended December 31,202420232022Cash flows from operating activitiesNet income$4,999 $2,991 $2,842 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by oper…
    • SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)In estimating the recovery value, significant judgment is involved in the development of assump…Included in the present value calculation are expected principal and interest payments; however, for securities for which the issuer is classified as…
    • In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December…In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December…
  • PRU Disclosure-language shift
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 67% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-02-12
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 67%, 304 added / 148 removed / 37 modified sentences
    • + Revenues increased $139 million, primarily reflecting:•higher asset management fees, driven by higher average assets under management from the impact of equity market and fixed income appreciation, net inflows and strong investment perform…
    • + The table below presents annualized new business premiums on a constant exchange rate basis, by product category and distribution channel, for the periods indicated: Year Ended December 31, 2025Year Ended December 31, 2024 LifeAccident&Hea…
    • + PGIM continues to service these loans; however, they are not included in assets under management.The following table sets forth PGIM’s private capital deployed by asset class for the periods indicated: December 31,202520242023 (in billions…
    • The $239 million increase in “Net income (loss) attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc.” reflected the following notable items on a pre-tax basis:•$360 million favorable variance from realized investment gains (losses), net, and related…
    • Changes in interest rates can affect these in several ways, including favorable or adverse impacts to:•investment-related activity, including: investment income returns, net investment spread results, new money rates, mortgage loan prepaym…
    • An increase in discount rate by 100 bps would result in an increase in net periodic pension costs of $1 million; conversely, a decrease in discount r…An increase in discount rate by 100 bps would result in an increase in net periodic pension costs of $0 million; conversely, a decrease in discount r…
    • Both the current estimate of the DRD and the DRD in future periods can vary based on factors such as, but not limited to, changes in the amount of di…Both the current estimate of the DRD and the DRD in future periods can vary based on factors such as, but not limited to, changes in the amount of di…
    MD&A (Item 7) — novelty 18%, 17 added / 14 removed / 8 modified sentences
    • + The CISO and Information Security Office are responsible for monitoring for cybersecurity incidents impacting Prudential’s systems, and ensuring appropriate processes are maintained to inform management of the prevention, detection, mitiga…
    • + In addition, with increasing anti-ESG regulations and sentiment, we could experience reduced revenue and reputational harm if we are targeted by government actors, private groups or influential individuals who disagree with our public posi…
    • + CYBERSECURITY Risk Management and StrategyBecause of the size and scope of our business, we are subject to numerous and evolving cybersecurity risks, any of which, if it materializes, could affect our business strategy, results of operatio…
    • Any negative public perception, founded or otherwise, can be widely and rapidly shared over social media or other means, and could cause damage to our reputation.ITEM 1B.UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS None.ITEM 1C.CYBERSECURITY Risk Management…
    • In addition, a sovereign downgrade could result in a downgrade of our subsidiaries operating in that jurisdiction, and ultimately of Prudential Financial and our other subsidiaries.•The changing competitive landscape may adversely affect t…
    • Similarly, changing economic conditions and unfavorable public perception of financial institutions can influence customer behavior, including increa…Similarly, changing economic conditions and unfavorable public perception of financial institutions can influence customer behavior, including increa…
    • Excluding our headquarters building and properties used by our International Businesses and the international operations of PGIM, which are discussed…Excluding our headquarters building and properties used by our International Businesses and the international operations of PGIM, which are discussed…
  • F Disclosure-language shift
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 53% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-02-11
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 53%, 83 added / 45 removed / 10 modified sentences
    • + Our pre-tax and tax special items were as follows (in millions):20242025Restructuring (by Geography)Europe$(716)$(736)North America Hourly Buyouts(260)— China(16)— Subtotal Restructuring$(992)$(736)Other ItemsModel e asset impairment and E…
    • + For a description of these causal factors, see Definitions and Information Regarding Ford Credit Causal Factors.20242025H / (L)GAAP Financial MeasuresTotal Net Receivables ($B)$143.6 $146.3 $2.7 Loss-to-Receivables (bps) (a)50 59 9 Auction…
    • + For a description of these causal factors, see Definitions and Information Regarding Ford Blue, Ford Model e, and Ford Pro Causal Factors.Ford Blue Segment20242025H / (L)Key MetricsWholesale Units (000) (a)2,862 2,728 (133)Revenue ($M)$101…
    • The lower EBIT was primarily driven by lower net pricing due to industrywide competitive pressures, offset partially by lower costs (including battery-related raw material costs as well as other material costs and lower engineering and war…
    • Company adjusted EBIT margin was 5.5% in 2024, down from 5.9% a year ago.The table below shows our full year 2024 net income/(loss) attributable to Ford and Company adjusted EBIT by segment (in millions).20232024H / (L)Ford Blue$7,462 $5,2…
    • Specifically, we include in cost of sales each of the following: material costs (including commodity costs); freight costs; warranty, including produ…Specifically, we include in cost of sales each of the following: material costs (including commodity and component costs); freight and duty (includin…
    • For example, in Ford Blue, our larger, more profitable vehicles had an average contribution margin that was 150% of our total average contribution ma…For example, in Ford Blue, our larger, more profitable vehicles had an average contribution margin that was 153% of our total average contribution ma…
    MD&A (Item 7) — novelty 44%, 75 added / 77 removed / 27 modified sentences
    • + The following tables provide supplemental cash flow information (in millions):For the Year Ended December 31, 2025Cash flows from operating activitiesCompany excluding Ford CreditFord CreditEliminationsConsolidatedNet income/(loss)$(10,337…
    • + Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURE RECONCILIATIONSThe following tables show our Non-GAAP financial measure reconciliations.Net Income/(Loss) Reconcili…
    • + Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)Effective Tax Rate Reconciliation to Adjusted Effective Tax Rate202320242025Pre-Tax Results ($M)Income/(Loss) before income taxes (GAAP)$3,967…
    • The following tables provide supplemental cash flow information (in millions):For the Year Ended December 31, 2024Cash flows from operating activitiesCompany excluding Ford CreditFord CreditEliminationsConsolidatedNet income/(loss)$4,638 $…
    • Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURE RECONCILIATIONSThe following tables show our Non-GAAP financial measure reconciliations.Net Income/(Loss) Reconcili…
    • Forward-looking statements are based on expectations, forecasts, and assumptions by our management and involve a number of risks, uncertainties, and…Forward-looking statements are based on expectations, forecasts, and assumptions by our management and involve a number of risks, uncertainties, and…
    • Events that trigger a test for recoverability include:•Material adverse changes in projected revenues or expenses, present negative cash flows combin…Events that trigger a test for recoverability include:•Material adverse changes in projected revenues or expenses, present negative cash flows combin…
  • GM Disclosure-language shift
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 56% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-01-27
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 56%, 145 added / 142 removed / 33 modified sentences
    • + The following table summarizes industry and GM total vehicle sales and our related competitive position by geographic region (vehicles in thousands): Years Ended December 31, 202520242023 IndustryGMMarket ShareIndustryGMMarket ShareIndustr…
    • + EV demand has been and, in the future could be, impacted by numerous additional factors, including the breadth of the portfolio of EVs available; perceptions about EV features, quality, safety, performance, and cost relative to ICE vehicle…
    • + Our EV strategy is dependent on our ability to (1) deliver a strategic portfolio of high-quality EVs that are competitive and meet consumer demands; (2) scale our EV manufacturing capabilities relative to consumer demand; (3) reduce the co…
    • The following table summarizes industry and GM total vehicle sales and our related competitive position by geographic region (vehicles in thousands): Years Ended December 31, 202420232022 IndustryGMMarket ShareIndustryGMMarket ShareIndustr…
    • Consumer adoption of EVs has been slower than anticipated, and has been and in the future could be impacted by numerous factors, including the breadth of the portfolio of EVs available; perceptions about EV features, quality, safety, perfo…
    • To successfully execute our long-term strategy, we must continue to develop and commercialize new products and services, including products and servi…To successfully execute our long-term strategy, we must continue to develop and commercialize new products and services, including products and servi…
    • Chemical Regulations We continually monitor the implementation of chemical regulations to maintain compliance and evaluate their effect on our busine…Under certain circumstances, these laws impose joint and several liability as well as liability for related damages to natural resources.Chemical Reg…
    MD&A (Item 7) — novelty 83%, 53 added / 48 removed / 3 modified sentences
    • + 29Table of ContentsGENERAL MOTORS COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIESTotal Net Sales and Revenue Years Ended December 31,Favorable/ (Unfavorable)Variance Due To20252024%VolumeMixPriceOther(Dollars in billions)GMNA$154,317 $157,509 $(3,192)(2.0)%$(7.0…
    • + Refer to the regional sections of this MD&A for additional information on Volume and Mix.In the year ended December 31, 2025, increased Cost was primarily due to: (1) charges of $7.7 billion due to our EV strategic realignment; (2) increas…
    • + Refer to the "Non-GAAP Measures" section of this MD&A for additional information.The following table reconciles expected Net income attributable to stockholders under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) to expected EBIT-ad…
    • Total Net Sales and Revenue Years Ended December 31,Favorable/ (Unfavorable)Variance Due To20242023%VolumeMixPriceOther(Dollars in billions)GMNA$157,509 $141,445 $16,064 11.4 %$12.8 $2.5 $0.7 $— GMI13,890 15,949 (2,059)(12.9)%$(1.6)$0.4 $0…
    • Refer to the regional sections of this MD&A for additional information on Volume and Mix.In the year ended December 31, 2024, decreased Cost was primarily due to: (1) decreased inventory adjustments of $2.2 billion, primarily EV-related, t…
    • Refer to the "Consolidated Results" and regional sections of this MD&A for additional information.We face continuing market, operating and regulatory…Refer to the "Consolidated Results" and regional sections of this MD&A for additional information.We face continuing market, operating, and regulator…
    • We plan to execute our strategy 26Table of ContentsGENERAL MOTORS COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIESwith a steadfast commitment to good corporate citizenship t…We plan to execute our strategy with a steadfast commitment to good corporate citizenship through more sustainable operations and a leading health an…
  • TSLA Disclosure-language shift
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 31% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-01-29
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 31%, 161 added / 167 removed / 72 modified sentences
    • + In-App Upgrades As our vehicles are capable of being updated remotely over-the-air, our customers may purchase additional paid options and features through the Tesla app or through the in-vehicle user interface, which also allows us to off…
    • + These differences may further increase the legal complexity of introducing, or availability to introduce, driver-assistance and autonomous vehicles for sale and use, including an autonomous vehicle ride-hailing business, and could result i…
    • + We expect our Robotaxi service to compete in this developing market, along with traditional ride-hailing and taxi services, through continued progress on our FSD (Supervised) and neural network capabilities, Supercharger network and infota…
    • 9Table of ContentsWe believe that there is also increasing competition for our vehicle offerings as a platform for delivering self-driving technologies, charging solutions and other features and services, and we expect to compete in this d…
    • We continue to monitor and increase our network of Tesla Superchargers in anticipation of future demand.We also work with a wide variety of hospitality, retail and public destinations, as well as businesses with commuting employees, to off…
    • Such regulations, including their enforcement or the enforcement policy associated with the regulations, continue to rapidly change, which increases…Such regulations, including their enforcement or the enforcement policy associated with the regulations, continue to rapidly change, which increases…
    • To the extent any security incident results in unauthorized access or damage to or acquisition, use, corruption, loss, destruction, alteration or dis…To the extent any security incident results in unauthorized access or damage to or acquisition, use, corruption, loss, destruction, alteration or dis…
    MD&A (Item 7) — novelty 71%, 42 added / 24 removed / 4 modified sentences
    • + We are focused on profitable growth via a differentiated and efficiently managed product portfolio that leverages our existing factories and production lines, further improving and deploying our FSD (Supervised) capabilities, including fut…
    • + We intend to leverage our current operations, in which we design, develop, manufacture, sell and lease high-performance fully electric vehicles and energy generation and storage systems that increasingly deliver AI-related and enhanced sof…
    • + Overall growth has allowed our business to generally fund itself, and we will continue to make critical high-value investments while maintaining a strong balance sheet.31Management Opportunities, Challenges and Uncertainties and 2026 Outlo…
    • Overall growth has allowed our business to generally fund itself, and we will continue investing in a number of capital-intensive projects and research and development in upcoming periods.32Management Opportunities, Challenges and Uncertai…
    • In 2024, our net income attributable to common stockholders was $7.09 billion, representing a decrease of $7.91 billion compared to the prior year, primarily due to the impact of releasing $6.54 billion of our valuation allowance associate…
    • We are simultaneously developing and ramping new products, building or ramping manufacturing facilities on three continents, piloting the development…We are simultaneously developing and ramping new products, building or ramping manufacturing facilities on three continents, piloting the development…
    • Moreover, we have set ambitious technological targets with our plans for battery cells as well as for iterative manufacturing and design improvements…Moreover, we have set ambitious technological targets with our plans for battery cells as well as for iterative manufacturing and design improvements…
  • RIVN Disclosure-language shift
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 36% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-02-12
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 36%, 198 added / 311 removed / 129 modified sentences
    • + We are subject to a number of risks associated with international business activities that may increase our costs, impact our ability to sell or lease our vehicles, products and services, including:•complex and unfavorable regulatory, poli…
    • + As a result, our business, prospects, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows could be materially and adversely affected.•Breaches in data security, failure of Technology Systems, cyber attacks or other security or priva…
    • + Other factors that may influence the adoption of alternative fuel vehicles, and specifically EVs, include:•perceptions about EV quality, safety, design, performance, value and cost and about EV safety in general, in particular safety issue…
    • These risks include:•conforming our vehicles to various international regulatory requirements where our vehicles are sold and serviced, which requirements may change over time;•difficulty in staffing and managing foreign operations;•diffic…
    • Other factors that may influence the adoption of alternative fuel vehicles, and specifically EVs, include:•perceptions about EV quality, safety, design, performance, and cost, especially if negative events or accidents occur that are linke…
    • The continued development of and the ability to manufacture our vehicles at scale, including the R1T, R1S, and commercial fleet vehicles, such as the…The continued development of and the ability to manufacture our vehicles at scale, including the R1T, R1S, and commercial fleet vehicles, such as the…
    • Such payments will reduce the funds available to use for working capital, operating expenditures, capital expenditures, and other corporate purposes,…Such payments will reduce the funds available to use for working capital, operating expenditures, capital expenditures and other corporate purposes,…
    MD&A (Item 7) — novelty 66%, 130 added / 142 removed / 20 modified sentences
    • + Years Ended December 31,202320242025Automotive$4,132 $4,486 $3,830 Software and services302 484 1,557 Total revenues4,434 4,970 5,387 Automotive6,150 5,693 4,262 Software and services314 477 981 Total cost of revenues6,464 6,170 5,243 Gros…
    • + SG&A expenses increased as a result of expanding our go-to-market operations and footprint, including higher payroll and related expenses primarily driven by increased headcount, stock-based compensation expenses primarily attributable to…
    • + If we experience a change of control (as defined in the Indenture), the holders of the 2031 Green Secured Notes will have the right to require us to repurchase the 2031 Green Secured Notes at a price equal to 101% of the principal amount t…
    • Years Ended December 31,202220232024Automotive$1,554 $4,132 $4,486 Software and services104 302 484 Total revenues1,658 4,434 4,970 Automotive4,666 6,150 5,693 Software and services115 314 477 Total cost of revenues4,781 6,464 6,170 Gross…
    • Additionally, depreciation and amortization expense increased by $186 million, partially offset by a decrease in LCNRV write-downs of inventory and losses on firm purchase commitments from $920 million to $107 million.The decrease in LCNRV…
    • Our cybersecurity team supervises efforts to identify, prevent, detect, mitigate, and remediate cybersecurity risks and incidents through our cyberse…Our cybersecurity team supervises efforts to identify, prevent, detect, mitigate, and remediate cybersecurity risks and incidents through our cyberse…
    • If we are unable to fully offset higher costs through price increases or other measures, especially during periods of elevated inflation, we could ex…If we are unable to fully offset higher costs through price increases or other measures, especially during periods of elevated inflation, we could ex…
  • LCID Disclosure-language shift
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 34% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-02-24
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 34%, 102 added / 81 removed / 73 modified sentences
    • + If we fail to accurately predict our manufacturing requirements, we could incur additional costs or experience delays. •Any unauthorized compromise of or access to our products or information technology systems or networks could result in…
    • + Specifically, it is uncertain how such macroeconomic factors will impact us in an industry that has globally been experiencing a recent decline in sales.Other factors that may influence the adoption of EVs include:•perceptions about EV qua…
    • + Any failure by us to successfully react to changes in existing technologies or the development of new technologies could materially harm our competitive position and growth prospects.31The unavailability, reduction or elimination of certai…
    • Specifically, it is uncertain how such macroeconomic factors will impact us as a new entrant in an industry that has globally been experiencing a recent decline in sales.Other factors that may influence the adoption of electric vehicles in…
    • If we fail to accurately predict our manufacturing requirements, we could incur additional costs or experience delays. •Any unauthorized control, manipulation, interruption or compromise of or access to our products or information technolo…
    • To the extent our suppliers experience any delays in providing us with or developing necessary components, we could experience delays in delivering o…Any delays by our suppliers in delivering or developing necessary components may result in further setbacks to our production and delivery timelines.…
    • These risks include:•conforming our vehicles to various international regulatory and homologation requirements where our vehicles are sold;•establish…These risks include:•conforming our vehicles to various international regulatory and homologation requirements where our vehicles are sold;•establish…
  • PCAR Disclosure-language shift
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 42% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-02-18
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 42%, 29 added / 24 removed / 6 modified sentences
    • + 38 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS Year Ended December 31, 2025 2024 2023 (millions) OPERATING ACTIVITIES: Net Income $ 2,375.8 $ 4,162.0 $ 4,600.8 Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operations: Depreciation and…
    • + 36 CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS December 31, 2025 2024 (millions) ASSETS TRUCK, PARTS AND OTHER: Current Assets Cash and cash equivalents $ 6,046.0 $ 6,871.1 Trade and other receivables, net (allowance for losses: 2025 - $1.5, 2024 - $1.2)…
    • + FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA.CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME Year Ended December 31, 2025 2024 2023 (millions, except per share data) TRUCK, PARTS AND OTHER: Net sales and revenues $ 26,235.1 $ 31,564.3 $ 33,315.5 Cost of…
    • 38 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 (millions) OPERATING ACTIVITIES: Net Income $ 4,162.0 $ 4,600.8 $ 3,011.6 Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operations: Depreciation and…
    • 36 CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS December 31, 2024 2023 (millions) ASSETS TRUCK, PARTS AND OTHER: Current Assets Cash and cash equivalents $ 6,871.1 $ 6,836.7 Trade and other receivables, net (allowance for losses: 2024 - $1.2, 2023 - $.9) 1…
    • 40 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 (currencies in millions)A.SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIESDescription o…40 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023 (currencies in millions) A.SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIESDescription…
    • Also within this category are other revenues not attributable to a reportable segment.Financial Services: The Company’s Financial Services segment pr…Financial Services: The Company’s Financial Services segment products include loans to customers collateralized by the vehicles being financed, finan…
    MD&A (Item 7) — novelty 88%, 83 added / 74 removed / 7 modified sentences
    • + Truck segment income before income taxes and pre-tax return on revenues decreased primarily due to lower truck unit deliveries in all major markets from lower retail demand, reflecting economic conditions as well as higher tariff costs res…
    • + 23 The following table summarizes operating lease, rental and other revenues and depreciation and other expenses: ($ in millions) Year Ended December 31, 2025 2024 Operating lease and rental revenues $ 638.4 $ 677.4 Used truck sales 106.8…
    • + ($ in millions) Year Ended December 31, 2025 2024 % CHANGE New loan and lease volume: U.S. and Canada $ 3,801.8 $ 3,961.4 (4 ) Europe 1,280.2 1,325.1 (3 ) Mexico, Australia, Brasil and other 1,794.2 2,213.3 (19 ) $ 6,876.2 $ 7,499.8 (8 ) N…
    • 24 The following table summarizes operating lease, rental and other revenues and depreciation and other expenses: ($ in millions) Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 Operating lease and rental revenues $ 677.4 $ 751.8 Used truck sales 95.1 2…
    • 20 The major factors for the Truck segment changes in net sales and revenues, cost of sales and revenues and gross margin between 2024 and 2023 are as follows: NET COST OF SALES AND SALES AND GROSS ($ in millions) REVENUES REVENUES MARGIN…
    • If freight transportation conditions decline due to a weaker economy, then past due accounts, truck repossessions and credit losses would likely incr…If freight transportation conditions decline due to a weaker economy, then past due accounts, truck repossessions and credit losses would likely incr…
    • Modifications of accounts in prior quarters that were more than 30 days past due at the time of modification are included in past dues if they were n…Modifications of accounts in prior quarters that were more than 30 days past due at the time of modification are included in past dues if they were n…
  • KHC Disclosure-language shift
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 38% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-02-12
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 38%, 72 added / 71 removed / 31 modified sentences
    • + No assurance can be given as to whether and when the Separation will occur.Whether or not we complete the Separation, our ongoing business may be adversely affected and we may be subject to certain risks and consequences if we pursue the S…
    • + If we do not realize the intended benefits or if our costs exceed our estimates, the separated businesses could suffer a material adverse effect on their respective business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.The Se…
    • + Our Employee Value Proposition is built on four core pillars:•We develop people for greatness, unlocking their full potential through continuous learning and growth opportunities.•We nurture an ownership-centric culture, encouraging people…
    • These risks, which can vary substantially by market, are described in many of the risk factors discussed in this section, and also include:•compliance with U.S. laws affecting operations outside of the United States, including anti-bribery…
    • Our processes and controls for reporting sustainability and other matters across our operations and supply chain are evolving along with multiple disparate standards for identifying, measuring, and reporting sustainability metrics, includi…
    • We actively monitor changes to commodity costs so that we can seek to mitigate the effect through pricing and other operational measures.Research and…We actively monitor changes to commodity costs so that we can seek to mitigate the effect through pricing and other operational measures.Research and…
    • These disruptions could make it more difficult and costly for us to deliver our products, obtain raw materials or other supplies through our supply c…These disruptions could make it more difficult and costly for us to deliver our products, obtain raw materials or other supplies through our supply c…

+ 30 more flagged companies in the live dashboard below.

Conviction board — snapshot summary

Ranked by count of INDEPENDENT public-record layers agreeing on one ticker (insider Form 4, congressional trades, SEC disclosure shifts; same-source signals collapsed). This is the top slice of the stored signal snapshot. The full board below adds the Smart-Money score, forward excess-vs-SPY and the Minervini/Wyckoff stages, and may rank differently because it reads the live backtest rather than this snapshot.

  • PFE Insider Disclosure mixed W:S2
    • Insider cluster buy — 3 insider buyers · $3.0M bought
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 34% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-02-26
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 34%, 175 added / 145 removed / 46 modified sentences
    • + Basic Product Patent Expiration Year(1) Major Europe Basic Product Patent Expiration Year(1)Japan Basic Product Patent Expiration Year(1)Braftovi(11)2030(2031 pending PTE)(11)(11)Mektovi(11)2026(2027 pending PTE)(12)(11)(11)Talzenna2029(20…
    • + Changes in the recommendations or structure of those committees may affect the use of our medicines and vaccines.In the U.S., there is considerable public and government scrutiny of pharmaceutical pricing and intellectual property and we e…
    • + Additionally, in September 2024, CMS finalized a new rule that, among other items, expands the scope of medications considered to be “covered outpatient drugs” that could be subject to rebates under the MDRP and imposes penalties on covere…
    • We use results from Pfizer Pulse and other colleague feedback forums to inform the wellness services we offer, such as (i) a Wellness Day for every colleague; (ii) on-site health clinics for colleagues in select locations, with access to c…
    • Basic Product Patent Expiration Year(1) Major Europe Basic Product Patent Expiration Year(1)Japan Basic Product Patent Expiration Year(1)Inlyta202520252025Xeljanz20262028(2)2025Prevnar 13/Prevenar 132026(3)2029Eliquis 2026(4)2026(5)2026Ibr…
    • Pfizer Inc.2024 Form 10-K16GLOBAL OPERATIONSWe operate on a global scale and could be affected by currency and interest rate fluctuations; capital an…Pfizer Inc.2025 Form 10-K17GLOBAL OPERATIONSWe operate on a global scale and could be affected by currency and interest rate fluctuations; global tra…
    • Our R&D priorities include:•delivering a pipeline of highly differentiated medicines and vaccines where we have a unique opportunity to bring the mos…Our R&D priorities include:•delivering a pipeline of highly differentiated medicines and vaccines where we have a unique opportunity to bring the mos…
  • NVDA Insider Congress mixed W:S2
    • Heavy insider selling — 2 sellers · $653.0M sold
    • Congressional cluster — 2 members buying
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-02-25
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 25%, 50 added / 61 removed / 32 modified sentences
    • + Additional risks, trends and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently believe are immaterial may also harm our business, financial condition, results of operations or reputation.Risk Factors SummaryRisks Related to Our…
    • + New or proposed regulations relating to carbon taxes, fuel or energy taxes, pollution limits, sustainability-related disclosure and governance and supply chain governance could result in greater direct costs, including costs associated wit…
    • + Our business could be negatively impacted by concerns around the high absolute energy requirements of our GPUs, despite their much more energy efficient design and operation relative to alternative computing platforms.We may not be able to…
    • Our support is enhanced during times of crisis, such as war or economic volatility, to take care of our existing team of world-class talent and their families.Diversity, Inclusion and Belonging at NVIDIAWe believe that diverse teams fuel i…
    • Risks Related to Our Global Operating Business•Adverse economic conditions may harm our business. •International sales and operations are a significant part of our business, which exposes us to risks that could harm our business. •Product,…
    • We face risks which have adversely affected or could adversely affect our ability to meet customer demand and scale our supply chain, negatively impa…We face risks which have adversely affected or could adversely affect our ability to meet customer demand and scale our supply chain, negatively impa…
    • Further, our business liability insurance may be inadequate or future coverage may be unavailable on acceptable terms, which could adversely impact o…Further, our business liability insurance may be inadequate or future coverage may be unavailable on acceptable terms, which could adversely impact o…
    MD&A (Item 7) — novelty 31%, 5 added / 5 removed / 4 modified sentences
    • + A discussion regarding our financial condition and results of operations for fiscal year 2025 compared to fiscal year 2024 can be found under Item 7 in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 26, 2025, filed with t…
    • + These adjustments may require use of unobservable inputs.We assess impairment quarterly based on qualitative and quantitative factors, including the investee’s operating performance and market trends.38Table of ContentsRevenue RecognitionR…
    • + Estimates for customer program accruals include a combination of historical attainment and claim rates and may be adjusted based on relevant internal and external factors.Contracts with Multiple Performance ObligationsOur contracts may con…
    • A discussion regarding our financial condition and results of operations for fiscal year 2024 compared to fiscal year 2023 can be found under Item 7 in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 28, 2024, filed with t…
    • Our policy is to include interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of income tax expense.Revenue RecognitionRevenue AllowancesFor products sold with a right of return, we record a reduction to revenue by es…
    • If standalone selling price is not directly observable, such as when we do not sell a product or service separately, we determine standalone selling…If standalone selling price is not directly observable, such as when we do not sell a product or service separately, we determine standalone selling…
    • Certain customer programs include distributor price incentives or other channel programs for specific products and customer classes which require jud…Certain customer programs include distributor price incentives or other channel programs for specific products and customer classes which require jud…
  • CVX Insider Disclosure bear W:S2
    • Heavy insider selling — 5 sellers · $228.6M sold
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 64% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-02-24
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 64%, 445 added / 58 removed / 28 modified sentences
    • + 64Consolidated Statement of Income Financial Table of ContentsMillions of dollars, except per-share amountsYear ended December 31202520242023Revenues and Other IncomeSales and other operating revenues$184,432 $193,414 $196,913 Income (loss…
    • + Non-billable costs remain at the corporate level in “All Other.” Segmented income statements for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023 are presented below:UpstreamDownstreamSegment TotalAll OtherTotalYear Ended December 31, 2025…
    • + All other reclassified amounts were insignificant.3 Refer to Note 10 Financial and Derivative Instruments for cash flow hedging.73Notes to the Consolidated Financial StatementsFinancial Table of ContentsMillions of dollars, except per-shar…
    • 63Consolidated Statement of Income Financial Table of ContentsMillions of dollars, except per-share amountsYear ended December 31202420232022Revenues and Other IncomeSales and other operating revenues$193,414 $196,913 $235,717 Income (loss…
    • Non-billable costs remain at the corporate level in “All Other.” Segmented income statements for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 are presented below:UpstreamDownstreamSegment TotalAll OtherTotalYear Ended December 31, 2024…
    • For more information on stock options and other share-based compensation, refer to Note 22 Stock Options and Other Share-Based Compensation.Note 2 Ch…For more information on stock options and other share-based compensation, refer to Note 22 Stock Options and Other Share-Based Compensation.Note 2 Ch…
    • The table below represents gross and net derivative assets and liabilities subject to netting agreements on the Consolidated Balance Sheet at Decembe…The table below represents gross and net derivative assets and liabilities subject to netting agreements on the Consolidated Balance Sheet at Decembe…
  • JNJ Insider bear W:S2
    • Heavy insider selling — 5 sellers · $67.8M sold
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-02-11
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 25%, 5 added / 5 removed / 1 modified sentences
    • + The manufacturing facilities are used by the industry segments of the Company’s business approximately as follows:SegmentSquare Feet(in thousands)Innovative Medicine5,245MedTech5,118Worldwide Total10,363Within the U.S., three facilities ar…
    • + 71,054Africa, Asia and Pacific121,237Worldwide Total6310,363In addition to the manufacturing facilities discussed above, the Company maintains numerous office, research and development and warehouse facilities throughout the world.
    • + The locations of the manufacturing facilities by major geographic areas of the world are as follows:Geographic AreaNumber ofFacilitiesSquare Feet(in thousands)United States223,037Europe225,035Western Hemisphere, excluding U.S.
    • The manufacturing facilities are used by the industry segments of the Company’s business approximately as follows:SegmentSquare Feet(in thousands)Innovative Medicine4,696MedTech4,911Worldwide Total9,607Within the U.S., four facilities are…
    • The locations of the manufacturing facilities by major geographic areas of the world are as follows:Geographic AreaNumber ofFacilitiesSquare Feet(in thousands)United States232,892Europe214,521Western Hemisphere, excluding U.S.
    • These reports include an overview of the cybersecurity threat landscape, key cybersecurity initiatives to improve the Company’s risk posture, changes…These reports include an overview of the cybersecurity threat landscape, key cybersecurity initiatives to improve the Company’s risk posture, changes…
    MD&A (Item 7) — novelty 89%, 66 added / 61 removed / 3 modified sentences
    • + The 340B Drug Pricing Program is a U.S. federal government program requiring drug manufacturers to provide significant discounts on covered outpatient drugs to covered entities.26 During 2025, the Company advanced its pipeline with several…
    • + In 2025, the negative impact of the STELARA sales decline, primarily due to biosimilar competition, was an approximate 10.4%, 12.3% and 7.9% on worldwide, U.S. and international Innovative Medicine segment operational sales, respectively.2…
    • + Percentages in chart are as a percent to total sales)2025 Annual Report29Cost of products sold:Cost of products sold increased as a percent to sales driven by:•Unfavorable product mix driven by the decline of STELARA sales and unfavorable…
    • The 340B Drug Pricing Program is a U.S. federal government program requiring drug manufacturers to provide significant discounts on covered outpatient drugs to covered entities.26 During 2024, the Company advanced its pipeline with several…
    • In fiscal 2024, the net impact of the Covid-19 Vaccine on the total Innovative Medicine and International change in operational sales was a negative 1.8% and 4.2%, respectively.24 Major Innovative Medicine therapeutic area sales:(Dollars i…
    • This asset is now fully impaired.Other (Income) Expense, Net: Other (income) expense, net is the account where the Company records gains and losses r…This asset is fully impaired.30 Other (Income) Expense, Net: Other (income) expense, net is the account where the Company records gains and losses re…
    • The growth in Knees was primarily driven by the ATTUNE portfolio, pull through related to the VELYS Robotic assisted solution and global procedure gr…The growth in Knees was primarily driven by the ATTUNE portfolio, pull through related to the VELYS Robotic assisted solution.
  • DHI Disclosure bear W:S4
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 68% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2025-11-19
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 68%, 184 added / 164 removed / 21 modified sentences
    • + We manage our inventory of owned land and lots and homes under construction relative to demand in each of our markets, including starting construction on unsold homes to capture new home demand and actively controlling the number of unsold…
    • + These reporting segments, which we also refer to as reporting regions, have homebuilding operations located in the following states:Northwest:Colorado, Oregon, Utah and WashingtonSouthwest:Arizona, California, Hawaii, Nevada and New Mexico…
    • + Horton per diluted share decreased 19% to $11.57 compared to $14.34.•Net cash provided by operations was $3.4 billion compared to $2.2 billion.•Stockholders’ equity was $24.2 billion compared to $25.3 billion.•Book value per share increase…
    • We manage our inventory of owned land and lots and homes under construction relative to demand in each of our markets, including starting construction on unsold homes to capture new home demand and actively controlling the number of unsold…
    • These reporting segments, which we also refer to as reporting regions, have homebuilding operations located in the following states:Northwest:Colorado, Oregon, Utah and WashingtonSouthwest:Arizona, California, Hawaii, Nevada and New Mexico…
    • Our strategy includes the following initiatives:•Developing and retaining highly experienced and productive teams of personnel throughout our company…Our strategy includes the following initiatives:•Developing and retaining highly experienced and productive teams of personnel throughout our company…
    • These risks, uncertainties and other factors include, but are not limited to:•the cyclical nature of the homebuilding, rental and lot development ind…These risks, uncertainties and other factors include, but are not limited to:•the cyclical nature of the homebuilding, rental and lot development ind…
    MD&A (Item 7) — novelty 72%, 161 added / 150 removed / 16 modified sentences
    • + We manage our inventory of owned land and lots and homes under construction relative to demand in each of our markets, including starting construction on unsold homes to capture new home demand and actively controlling the number of unsold…
    • + These reporting segments, which we also refer to as reporting regions, have homebuilding operations located in the following states:Northwest:Colorado, Oregon, Utah and WashingtonSouthwest:Arizona, California, Hawaii, Nevada and New Mexico…
    • + Horton per diluted share decreased 19% to $11.57 compared to $14.34.•Net cash provided by operations was $3.4 billion compared to $2.2 billion.•Stockholders’ equity was $24.2 billion compared to $25.3 billion.•Book value per share increase…
    • We manage our inventory of owned land and lots and homes under construction relative to demand in each of our markets, including starting construction on unsold homes to capture new home demand and actively controlling the number of unsold…
    • These reporting segments, which we also refer to as reporting regions, have homebuilding operations located in the following states:Northwest:Colorado, Oregon, Utah and WashingtonSouthwest:Arizona, California, Hawaii, Nevada and New Mexico…
    • Our strategy includes the following initiatives:•Developing and retaining highly experienced and productive teams of personnel throughout our company…Our strategy includes the following initiatives:•Developing and retaining highly experienced and productive teams of personnel throughout our company…
    • These risks, uncertainties and other factors include, but are not limited to:•the cyclical nature of the homebuilding, rental and lot development ind…These risks, uncertainties and other factors include, but are not limited to:•the cyclical nature of the homebuilding, rental and lot development ind…
  • KBH Disclosure bear W:S4
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 52% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-01-23
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 52%, 160 added / 157 removed / 22 modified sentences
    • + These initiatives could increase our costs, such as with California’s requirement that all new homes have solar power systems, agency requirements for all-electric readiness and higher efficiency standards, including the use of zero-emissi…
    • + Milestones we have achieved under these programs include the following:•In 2008, we became the first national homebuilder to make a broad commitment to building ENERGY STAR certified homes, which, according to the EPA, achieve on average u…
    • + The recognition is based on a comprehensive analysis conducted to identify the top-performing companies around the globe and is based on evaluation criteria of employee satisfaction, revenue growth and sustainability;•Time Magazine’s 2025…
    • Compliance with those directed at or otherwise affecting our business or our suppliers’ (or their suppliers’) operations, products or services, could increase our costs, such as with California’s requirement that all new homes have solar p…
    • This recognition is based on our industry-leading environmental and social practices;•Newsweek’s 2024 list of America’s Most Trustworthy Companies – This is the third consecutive year we have received this recognition, which is based on th…
    • Two directors are liaisons to management on sustainability-related matters.•Boards should have a strong, independent leadership structure.•Our board…Two directors are liaisons to management on sustainability-related matters.•Boards should have a strong, independent leadership structure.•Our board…
    • While we have health and safety protocols in place for our construction sites and take steps to safeguard our administrative functions, including our…While we have health and safety protocols in place for our construction sites and take steps to safeguard our administrative functions, including our…
    MD&A (Item 7) — novelty 57%, 75 added / 94 removed / 7 modified sentences
    • + Milestones we have achieved under these programs include the following:•In 2008, we became the first national homebuilder to make a broad commitment to building ENERGY STAR certified homes, which, according to the EPA, achieve on average u…
    • + The recognition is based on a comprehensive analysis conducted to identify the top-performing companies around the globe and is based on evaluation criteria of employee satisfaction, revenue growth and sustainability;•Time Magazine’s 2025…
    • + In addition, as noted above under “Human Capital,” we are also one of the founding partners of the Building Talent Foundation, whose mission is to advance the education, training and career progression of young people and people from under…
    • This recognition is based on our industry-leading environmental and social practices;•Newsweek’s 2024 list of America’s Most Trustworthy Companies – This is the third consecutive year we have received this recognition, which is based on th…
    • We have been recognized with major national awards for our consistent leadership and commitment, including:•2024 ENERGY STAR Partner of the Year – Sustained Excellence Award – This was our 14th consecutive award for demonstrating leadershi…
    • Two directors are liaisons to management on sustainability-related matters.•Boards should have a strong, independent leadership structure.•Our board…Two directors are liaisons to management on sustainability-related matters.•Boards should have a strong, independent leadership structure.•Our board…
    • Our approach to corporate governance aligns with the principles of the Investor Stewardship Group, a coalition of some of the world’s largest investo…Our approach to corporate governance aligns with the principles of the Investor Stewardship Group, a coalition of some of the world’s largest investo…
  • JPM Disclosure bear W:S2
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 54% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-02-13
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 54%, 671 added / 247 removed / 107 modified sentences
    • + Financial effects of FDMsThe following tables provide information on retained wholesale loan modifications considered FDMs during the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023.Secured by real estateYear ended December 31, 2025(in millio…
    • + For the year ended December 31, 2025Level 3 assets were $25.1 billion at December 31, 2025, reflecting an increase of $1.3 billion from December 31, 2024.The increase for the year ended December 31, 2025 was predominantly driven by:•Gross…
    • + 164JPMorgan Chase & Co./2025 Form 10-KJPMorgan Chase & Co.Consolidated statements of incomeYear ended December 31, (in millions, except per share data)202520242023RevenueInvestment banking fees$9,615 $8,910 $6,519 Principal transactions27,…
    • For the year ended December 31, 2024Level 3 assets were $23.8 billion at December 31, 2024, reflecting an increase of $127 million from December 31, 2023.The increase for the year ended December 31, 2024 was driven by:•$599 million increas…
    • JPMorgan Chase & Co./2024 Form 10-K171JPMorgan Chase & Co.Consolidated statements of incomeYear ended December 31, (in millions, except per share data)202420232022RevenueInvestment banking fees$8,910 $6,519 $6,686 Principal transactions24,…
    • Product/instrumentValuation methodologyClassifications in the fair value hierarchySecurities financing agreementsValuations are based on discounted c…Product/instrumentValuation methodologyClassifications in the fair value hierarchySecurities financing agreementsValuations are based on discounted c…
    • Refer to page 198 of this Note.Mortgage servicing rightsRefer to Mortgage servicing rights in Note 15.Level 3Private equity direct investmentsFair va…Refer to page 191 of this Note.Mortgage servicing rightsRefer to Mortgage servicing rights in Note 15.Level 3Private equity direct investmentsFair va…
    MD&A (Item 7) — novelty 79%, 235 added / 202 removed / 32 modified sentences
    • + Any of the risk factors discussed below could by itself, or combined with other factors, materially and adversely affect JPMorganChase’s business, results of operations, financial condition, capital position, liquidity, competitive positio…
    • + Certain governmental policies or actions could significantly affect U.S. and global economic growth and cause higher volatility in the financial markets, including:•monetary policies and actions taken by central banks, including any sustai…
    • + Further, should extraordinary events or the factors that cause or contribute to those events become more chronic, the disruptive effects of those events on JPMorganChase’s business and operations, and on its clients, customers, counterpart…
    • Any of the risk factors discussed below could by itself, or combined with other factors, materially and adversely affect JPMorganChase’s business, results of operations, financial condition, capital position, liquidity, competitive positio…
    • Certain governmental policy initiatives, as well as heightened geopolitical tensions, could significantly affect U.S. and global economic growth and cause higher volatility in the financial markets, including:•monetary policies and actions…
    • The models and estimations that JPMorganChase uses, including those that use machine learning or artificial intelligence, may not be effective in all…The models and estimations that JPMorganChase uses may not be effective in all cases to identify, observe and mitigate risk because of factors such a…
    • As a result, these entities are subject to a comprehensive regulatory framework applicable to their swap or security-based swap activities, including…Morgan Securities LLC are registered with the SEC as “security-based swap dealers.” As a result, these entities are subject to a comprehensive regula…
  • BAC Disclosure bear W:S2
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 39% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-02-25
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 39%, 142 added / 133 removed / 81 modified sentences
    • + Reputational harm can arise from various sources that affect public trust, including actual or perceived business activities and activities of our officers, directors, employees, other representatives, clients and third parties, including…
    • + Also, our liquidity or cost of funds may be negatively impacted by the unwillingness or inability of the Federal Reserve to act as lender of last resort, unexpected simultaneous draws on credit lines or deposits, slower client payment rate…
    • + The actual or perceived failure to adequately address conflicts of interest could also affect willingness of clients to use our products and services, or result in litigation or enforcement actions, which could adversely affect our busines…
    • Harm to our reputation can arise from various sources, including actual or perceived activities of our officers, directors, employees, other representatives, clients and third parties, including counterparties, such as fraud, misconduct an…
    • Our and our third parties’ inability to properly introduce, deploy and manage operational or technology changes and continuously alter, improve and automate processes and systems, including related controls, such as regarding internal fina…
    • Any failure or disruption of our or our third parties’ operations or information systems resulting in disruption to our critical business operations…Any failure or disruption of our or our third parties’ operations or information systems resulting in disruption to our critical business operations…
    • U.S. regulators and government agencies regularly pursue enforcement claims and litigation against financial institutions, including us, for alleged…The amount of damages, penalties and fines that private litigants, including clients and other counterparties, and regulators seek from us and other…
  • C Disclosure bear W:S2
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 60% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-02-20
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 60%, 107 added / 111 removed / 24 modified sentences
    • + Citi and some of its third-party partners have been subjected to attempted and sometimes successful cyberattacks over the last several years, including the following:•denial of service attacks, which attempt to interrupt service to clients…
    • + These changes will affect Citi’s regulatory capital requirements and position and the amount of capital Citi will be able to return to shareholders (see “Capital Resources—Regulatory Capital Standards and Developments” above).Citi’s abilit…
    • + Potential impacts in the U.S. and globally related to trade or tariff policies could include heightened market volatility, increased economic uncertainty, adverse impacts to inflation and global economic activity, disruptions in global sup…
    • For additional information regarding the CECL methodology, including the transition provisions related to the adverse regulatory capital effects resulting from adoption of the CECL methodology, see “Capital Resources—Current Regulatory Cap…
    • For additional information about these Russia-related risks, see the operational processes and systems, cybersecurity and emerging markets risk factors and “Managing Global Risk—Other Risks—Country Risk—Russia” below.STRATEGIC RISKSCiti’s…
    • These include, among others, operational or execution failures or deficiencies by third parties and third parties that provide products or services t…These include, among others, operational or execution failures or deficiencies by third parties that provide products or services to Citi (e.g., clou…
    • Resolution Plan Requirements May Pose a Greater Risk of Loss to Citi’s Debt and Equity Securities Holders, and Citi’s Inability in Its Resolution Pla…Resolution Plan Requirements May Pose a Greater Risk of Loss to Citi’s Debt and Equity Securities Holders, and Citi’s Inability in Its Resolution Pla…
  • MS Disclosure bear W:S2
    • Disclosure-language shift — disclosure-language novelty 30% (10-K)
    Disclosure-language shift · 10-K · filed 2026-02-19
    Risk Factors (Item 1A) — novelty 30%, 120 added / 98 removed / 59 modified sentences
    • + The Provision for credit losses on loans and lending commitments of $62 million in 2024 was primarily related to certain specific commercial real estate and securities-based loans, and portfolio growth, partially offset by improvements in…
    • + At December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, substantially all employee-referenced investments that subjected the Firm to price risk were economically hedged.Amounts Recognized in Compensation Expense$ in millions202520242023Deferred cash-b…
    • + The Provision for credit losses on loans and lending commitments of $202 million in 2024 was primarily related to growth in the corporate loan portfolio and provisions for certain specific commercial real estate loans, partially offset by…
    • The Provision for credit losses on loans and lending commitments of $131 million in 2023 was primarily related to deteriorating conditions in the commercial real estate sector including provisions for certain specific loans, mainly in the…
    • At December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, substantially all employee-referenced investments that subjected the Firm to price risk were economically hedged.Amounts Recognized in Compensation Expense$ in millions202420232022Deferred cash-b…
    • These laws and regulations, which may continue to increase in volume and complexity, significantly affect the way and costs of doing business and can…These laws and regulations, which could in the future increase in volume and complexity, significantly affect the way and costs of doing business and…
    • These include the level and volatility of equity, fixed income and commodity prices; the level, term structure and volatility of interest rates; infl…These include the level and volatility of equity, fixed income and commodity prices; the level, term structure and volatility of interest rates; infl…
    MD&A (Item 7) — novelty 53%, 54 added / 61 removed / 22 modified sentences
    • + The Provision for credit losses on loans and lending commitments of $62 million in 2024 was primarily related to certain specific commercial real estate and securities-based loans, and portfolio growth, partially offset by improvements in…
    • + The Provision for credit losses on loans and lending commitments of $202 million in 2024 was primarily related to growth in the corporate loan portfolio and provisions for certain specific commercial real estate loans, partially offset by…
    • + 3.Includes Investments and Other revenues.EquityNet revenues of $15,631 million in 2025 increased 28% compared with the prior year, reflecting an increase in Financing and Execution services.•Financing revenues increased primarily due to h…
    • The Provision for credit losses on loans and lending commitments of $131 million in 2023 was primarily related to deteriorating conditions in the commercial real estate sector including provisions for certain specific loans, mainly in the…
    • The Provision for credit losses on loans and lending commitments of $401 million in 2023 was primarily related to credit deterioration in the commercial real estate sector, including provisions for certain specific loans, mainly in the off…
    • See Note 22 to the financial statements for segment net revenues by income statement line item and information on intersegment transactions.Net Reven…See Note 22 to the financial statements for segment net revenues by income statement line item, segment expenses, and information on intersegment tra…
    • OtherOther revenues for Institutional Securities include revenues and losses from equity method investments, fees earned in association with lending…OtherOther revenues for Institutional Securities include revenues and losses from equity method investments, fees earned in association with lending…

Catalyst lifecycle

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The Math

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The Tape — trend posture & chart setups as of 2026-09-11

Breadth: 10 buy-zone / 7 sell-zone / 20 neutral across 37 liquid US-listed names — net-bullish breadth. 9 clean setups.

A discrete buy-zone / sell-zone trend read plus validity-gated chart patterns (triangles, wedges, ranges) with concrete levels — computed live from daily price/volume across 37 liquid names. Left-edge colour = setup vs trend (green confirms · amber diverges). Analytical, not advice.

Trend posture
Buy-zoneAMD new 58QQQ new 51BAC new 53MSTR 57MSFT 57XLE 66USO 72XOM 62AAPL 63XLK 55
Sell-zoneAMZN new 49AVGO 42UNH 35GOOGL 47XLU 38IWM 39TLT 35
Active setups nearest trigger first
  • NVDA rising wedge bearish q89
    0% formed
    zone 219.37–237.55breakdown 218.27 (at trigger)target 201.12stop 247.85
    RSI 50 · ATR 3.15% · vol ✓ · bearish div · R:R 0.58 · trend neutral
  • SPY rising wedge bearish q88
    11% formed
    zone 765.1–787.43breakdown 761.27 (0.4% away)target 740.13stop 796.76
    RSI 50 · ATR 0.81% · vol ✓ · R:R 0.6 · trend neutral
  • BAC rising wedge bearish q85
    47% formed
    zone 62.44–64.79breakdown 62.13 (0.9% away)target 58.05stop 66.46
    RSI 53 · ATR 1.77% · vol ✓ · R:R 0.94 · trend diverges
  • XOM rising wedge bearish q96
    65% formed
    zone 161.51–169.61breakdown 160.7 (3.2% away)target 138.15stop 174.94
    RSI 62 · ATR 2.14% · vol ✓ · R:R 1.58 · trend diverges
  • XLF ascending triangle bullish q96
    78% formed
    zone 58.03–58.85breakout 59.14 (3.3% away)target 62.63stop 57.05
    RSI 48 · ATR 1.15% · vol ✓ · R:R 1.67 · trend neutral
  • XLE rising wedge bearish q96
    87% formed
    zone 63.28–64.37breakdown 62.96 (3.3% away)target 54.74stop 66.18
    RSI 66 · ATR 1.85% · vol ✓ · R:R 2.55 · trend diverges
  • WMT falling wedge bullish q78
    36% formed
    zone 102.41–110.31breakout 110.86 (3.5% away)target 122.59stop 99.04
    RSI 47 · ATR 2.09% · R:R 0.99 · trend neutral
  • DIA ascending triangle bullish q87
    21% formed
    zone 529.66–544.15breakout 546.87 (4% away)target 562.41stop 522.37
    RSI 45 · ATR 0.92% · vol ✓ · R:R 0.63 · trend neutral

Educational / analytical only — NOT investment advice, not a recommendation to buy or sell any security. Quality and completion are deterministic geometry scores, not probabilities; auto-detected patterns are noisy and forward outcomes are not guaranteed. Empirical pattern hit-rates are not yet back-tested.

Grid interconnection queue — MISO

The bottleneck on datacenter and AI buildout is not chips, it is attaching to the grid. MISO is used because it publishes withdrawn and completed requests, not just the live queue — which is what makes these computable at all. Deterministic; no model wrote any figure here.

222,604MW active in queue
2.8%at advanced stage
79.8%of resolved MW withdrew
55.9%of signed agreements not built

Two clocks, deliberately not merged. Queue entry to an executed interconnection agreement: 3.3 years (n=385). Queue entry to actually in service: 3.1 years (n=90). A completed request means a signed agreement, not a power plant — of 559 completed agreements, 269 have not started construction and 92 are generating.

Active queue by fuel: Solar 28.1%Battery Storage 19.9%Unknown 17.8%Wind 12.2%Gas 12%

What these numbers do and do not show
  • MISO only. It is used because it publishes withdrawn and completed projects, not just the live queue — which is what makes attrition and these durations computable without years of our own snapshots. It is not a national figure.
  • A completed interconnection request means an executed agreement, not a power plant. Roughly half of completed projects have not started construction, so the agreement clock and the energization clock are reported as two separate numbers and must never be merged.
  • The agreement duration counts completed projects only, in queue-entry cohorts at least 90% resolved. Recent cohorts are excluded on purpose: they are mostly still in progress, so the only ones that have finished are the fast ones, and including them makes interconnection look like it is accelerating when it is not.
  • The inService field is populated for active projects too, where it is a projected date rather than a realized one. Only completed projects contribute to a realized figure.
  • FERC Order 2023 moved interconnection study from serial to cluster processing, and MISO re-sequenced its queue accordingly. Counts of queue entries are not comparable in the same units across that transition.
  • Megawatts are summer net capacity as filed. A project can be revised or re-filed, so queue MW is a measure of requests, never of plant that will exist.

Source: MISO generator interconnection queue, captured 2026-09-07. Full JSON at /api/iso-queue.

Precious metals — trend & setups as of 2026-09-11

Breadth: 0 buy-zone / 0 sell-zone / 7 neutral across 7 precious-metal proxies — mixed / two-way breadth.

Gold, silver, platinum, palladium and the miners (liquid ETF proxies). Discrete buy-zone / sell-zone trend read + validity-gated chart patterns with levels. Analytical, not advice.

No clean, currently-forming pattern passed the validity gates this cycle — the honest read when nothing is set up. The trend-posture board above is the live signal.

Crypto — trend & setups as of 2026-09-12

Breadth: 4 buy-zone / 0 sell-zone / 2 neutral across 6 crypto + crypto-equity proxies — net-bullish breadth.

Bitcoin, Ethereum, Solana spot plus the crypto-equity proxies (COIN, MicroStrategy, IBIT). Discrete buy-zone / sell-zone trend read + validity-gated chart patterns with levels. Analytical, not advice.

Trend posture
Buy-zoneMicroStrategy 57Solana 58Ethereum 64iShares Bitcoin 59

No clean, currently-forming pattern passed the validity gates this cycle — the honest read when nothing is set up. The trend-posture board above is the live signal.

Forex vs USD — trend & setups as of 2026-09-11

Breadth: 4 buy-zone / 0 sell-zone / 5 neutral across 9 currency-vs-USD proxies — net-bullish breadth. 5 setups.

Major currencies measured against the US dollar via currency ETFs (a buy-zone = that currency strengthening vs USD). Discrete buy-zone / sell-zone trend read + validity-gated chart patterns with levels. Analytical, not advice.

Trend posture
Buy-zoneYen / USD new 70EM FX / USD 59Aussie / USD 56US Dollar ▼ 56
Active setups nearest trigger first
  • US Dollar ▲ rectangle / range bullish q96
    100% formed
    breakout 28.15 (0.3% away)target 28.45stop 27.59
    RSI 49 · ATR 0.34% · R:R 0.54 · trend neutral
  • Euro / USD rectangle / range bearish q96
    100% formed
    breakdown 106.47 (0.5% away)target 105.41stop 109.05
    RSI 51 · ATR 0.28% · R:R 0.41 · trend neutral
  • Pound / USD rectangle / range bearish q96
    100% formed
    breakdown 128.95 (0.8% away)target 126.72stop 132.08
    RSI 50 · ATR 0.29% · R:R 0.71 · trend neutral
  • Aussie / USD rectangle / range bullish q92
    100% formed
    breakout 71.58 (0.8% away)target 72.1stop 69.91
    RSI 56 · ATR 0.41% · R:R 0.31 · trend confirms

Signal-snapshot source freshness

Timestamps carried by the stored signal snapshot. The live dashboard below reports its own feed timestamps, which cover a different set of sources and can differ.

  • SEC filings2026-09-11 12:48 UTC
  • Insider Form 42026-09-11 16:23 UTC
  • Congressional trades2026-09-11 20:20 UTC
  • House PTR2026-09-11 12:47 UTC
  • Senate PTR2026-09-11 12:47 UTC

The nine signal layers

  1. SEC disclosure novelty — 10-K / 10-Q / 20-F Risk-Factor (Item 1A) and MD&A (Item 7) language shifts — the "Lazy Prices" signal.
  2. Insider Form 4 — Clustered, role-weighted insider buying and heavy selling from SEC Form 4 filings.
  3. Form 13F positioning — Quarterly institutional-manager holdings changes.
  4. Congressional trades — House and Senate Periodic Transaction Report clusters; cross-chamber clusters flagged.
  5. Material 8-K events — Real-time material corporate disclosures, scored by event type.
  6. Price & RSI technicals — Forward-return momentum and RSI from Yahoo Finance.
  7. Finviz analyst consensus — Street ratings and price targets.
  8. Stocktwits retail sentiment — Crowd positioning and message volume.
  9. Smart Money composite — A weighted score combining the layers above into a single conviction read.

Today's intel digest

Risk context

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Conviction board (full ranking — most-corroborated names today)

This is the full board, re-ranked by layer count then Smart-Money score from the live backtest. The snapshot summary near the top of the page reads the stored signal snapshot instead, so the two can legitimately order names differently.

Which ticker has the most independent public-record layers agreeing today — insider Form 4, congressional trades, and SEC disclosure-language shifts, with same-source signals collapsed so corroboration can't be faked. A single data source can't produce this; it is the one read a single-source competitor can't replicate. Forward excess-vs-SPY shown once measured.

Joining independent public-record layers by ticker…

Sector overview

Each card surfaces anchor signals per layer plus Item 1A + Item 7 novelty, insider role weighting (CEO/CFO badges), and a sparkline of leader novelty. Click Reports → for the full deep-dive (every leader, every 13F manager move, every cited story, market-context implication). Click Drill down for the leader table. Click Cross-check (Finviz) on any leader for analyst consensus + price target + 52W position + recent ratings + news.

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Most interesting bifurcations

Computing signal divergences…

Signal backtest (empirical validation)

For every currently-active signal ticker + the rolling 90-day snapshot history (Form 4 cluster, heavy selling, Item 1A novelty ≥30%, congressional cluster, House+Senate PTR cluster), we pull Yahoo Finance forward returns at 5/22/65/90-day horizons and compute hit rates against each signal's academic thesis. Cross-signal corroboration (2+ kinds firing on the same ticker) is the highest-conviction read; freshness analysis splits fresh (≤14d) vs stale (>14d). Citations: Lakonishok-Lee 2001 + Cohen-Malloy-Nguyen 2020 + Ziobrowski 2004.

Running backtest against Yahoo Finance historical data…

Smart Money score (composite confidence 0-100)

For every ticker we watch, we add up the bullish signals (insider clusters, congressional bipartisan buys, 13F manager position increases) and subtract the bearish signals (heavy insider selling, high disclosure-novelty stress). The result is a single 0-100 Smart Money Confidence number you can scan in a glance. Bloomberg's Smart Money function and Verity Insider Score both charge thousands per month for this — ours is free.

Computing Smart Money score…

Sector momentum heatmap (vs S&P 500)

Each sector's average 22-day return across its top leaders, ranked + compared to SPY (the S&P 500 ETF). Sectors above SPY are outperforming the broader market this month. FactSet and Refinitiv charge enterprise prices for sector-momentum maps; this one's free.

Computing sector momentum…

Material 8-K events (real-time disclosure layer)

High-materiality SEC 8-K filings classified by Item number (★ = most market-moving: 1.01 Material Agreement, 2.01 Acquisition, 2.02 Earnings, 4.02 Restatement, 5.02 Officer Change, 2.06 Impairment). We also pull out buyback announcements, activist 13D filings, and cybersecurity incidents (Item 1.05) as their own callouts — Bloomberg BUYBACK + FactSet 13D Activist + Bitsight cyber-event databases all paywall this.

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Credit regime (FRED HY OAS + IG BBB OAS)

Free credit-stress gauge sourced from the St. Louis Fed (FRED). The high-yield OAS level in basis points and its year-over-year change classify the regime: calm / cautious / stressed / complacent. Moody's CreditEdge and Bloomberg CRPR charge enterprise prices for the same signal.

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Activist 13D filings (EDGAR recent feed)

Latest SEC SC 13D + 13D/A filings — the legally-required disclosure when an investor crosses 5% ownership with intent to influence management. Plus passive SC 13G filings for context. Free direct from EDGAR. Verity, 13D Monitor, FactSet 13D Activist all charge $20K+/yr for this database.

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Federal contracts (USAspending.gov)

Trailing-365-day federal obligations for 103 contractors, including the large private and non-traded ones a ticker-keyed list cannot reach — Anduril, SpaceX, General Atomics, Shield AI, Peraton, MITRE, Castelion, X-Bow. Figures are money booked inside the window, not the lifetime value of the awards involved and not revenue. Every contractor listed was verified to return awards from USAspending; matched recipient records are shown so a name-substring roll-up is visible rather than hidden. Bloomberg GOVT and S&P Capital IQ contract-awards modules are paid; USAspending.gov is free.

USG activity, last 30 days (USAspending.gov)

What the federal government actually did with money in the last 30 days: which agencies moved it, the largest single actions, and the newest ones on the wire. Figures are obligations recorded inside the window — not the lifetime value of the awards involved, and not company revenue. Contracts and grants are counted separately because a destroyer contract and a highway formula grant are different kinds of federal action. Negative rows are real: agencies routinely hand money back on a modification, and dropping those would overstate every total here. Source: USAspending.gov, the Treasury's own award database, free and keyless.

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Court decisions (CourtListener / Free Law Project)

The docket itself rather than news about it — federal and state decisions as they are filed, from the Free Law Project's CourtListener archive. Capped at two per court so one busy appellate court cannot fill the list. Westlaw and Lexis charge for the same public record.

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Look up your own company, or your own state

Everything above is national. These four registers answer a question about you — your firm, your competitor, your state — and all four are free and keyless. A credit union benchmarking its own complaint rate; a supplement brand vetting a contract manufacturer before signing; a nonprofit board checking what comparable organisations in the same county take in; a B2B seller reading the objections nobody says to their face on a reference call.

Pick a register, add your state, and search. Nothing is sent anywhere but the public API that owns the record.

Two more, and why they are not on this page

The four registers above answer in a second because each one is a live API. Two other datasets worth knowing about are bulk downloads measured in gigabytes, not query endpoints — wiring them into a page like this would mean pretending a file transfer is a search box. They are listed here with the exact way to get them instead, because both are free and both answer questions the live APIs cannot.

Overture Maps — places, buildings, roads

An open, permissively licensed basemap from the Overture Maps Foundation (Amazon, Meta, Microsoft, TomTom). The useful trick is that you do not need the planet file: the overturemaps command line tool takes a bounding box and pulls only that rectangle, which turns a continental dataset into a neighbourhood extract. For a competitive count of every business of a given type inside a trade area, this is the free answer.

pip install overturemaps
overturemaps download --bbox=-71.068,42.353,-71.058,42.363 \
  -f geojson --type=building -o boston.geojson

Swap --type=place for businesses rather than building footprints. Releases are dated; check which one you pulled before comparing two extracts.

Amazon Reviews 2023 — how buyers describe a product

The McAuley Lab dataset at UC San Diego: hundreds of millions of Amazon reviews with ratings and product metadata, distributed per category through Hugging Face so you can take one category instead of the whole corpus. Useful for the unglamorous job of writing listing copy in the words buyers actually use, and for seeing which complaints recur across a whole product class rather than in your own returns.

Two things to know before relying on it. It is a 2023 research release, so it is a snapshot and not a live feed — it will not show what happened to a product this quarter. And the dataset carries no declared licence on Hugging Face: that is normal for an academic release and fine for research and analysis, but it is not a grant of rights, so treat it as something to learn from rather than something to republish or ship inside a commercial product.

Cyber events (KEV catalog + SANS + Krebs + 8-K Item 1.05)

Cyber-threat layer aggregating CISA KEV catalog updates (1,592+ known-exploited vulnerabilities), SEC 8-K Item 1.05 disclosures (mandatory cybersecurity-incident reporting since Dec 2023), and cyber news from SANS Internet Storm Center, Krebs on Security, ThreatPost, The Hacker News, Dark Reading, and Cybersecurity Dive. Threat actors tracked via mention frequency. Referenced research surfaces include Google Cloud Threat Intelligence for AI-vulnerability-exploitation patterns.

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Retail sentiment (Stocktwits stream)

Top trending tickers on stocktwits.com with explicit per-message Bullish/Bearish sentiment tagging. Retail positioning signal — useful as a corroboration or contrarian indicator vs the SEC / Form 4 / Congress signal stack. (Reddit WSB endpoints now require OAuth + registered app; Stocktwits is the better-engineered alternative.)

Pulling Stocktwits trending stream…

Event vs news cycle

For each sector with active signals, we match against a 7-day Corvus news window and a 30-day baseline (3,000-story sample across 745+ outlets). Each card shows whether the signal direction is corroborated by the narrative, divergent, or leading the news, plus the velocity (this-week volume vs the 30-day baseline) and the actual cited stories. Quiet sectors are listed last.

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