Google Cloud Speech-to-Text API (Chirp) + Gemini 2.5 Flash Non-Thinking. Treat it as a searchable index of what was broadcast, not a quotation record.
00:00:02when the US enters a war with Russia or China because
00:00:05at that point, the need for ammunition will be extraordinarily higher and much
00:00:09more than the current inventory of the most advanced American
00:00:12weapons.
00:00:16Well, if these reports are confirmed - of course,
00:00:20the American side says there is no such shortage -
00:00:23but if it's correct to some extent, then
00:00:26it can be predicted that,
00:00:30for example, the US government and the US army
00:00:33will be forced to change its strategy in this war,
00:00:37meaning that
00:00:41in order to carry out its operations,
00:00:44it might be forced to use
00:00:47more high-risk methods?
00:00:49Again, if we're talking about the current
00:00:54conflict with Iran, Iran's threat to US forces
00:00:58is not that extensive. These forces maintain their distance
00:01:02from Iran, they have defensive warships,
00:01:05and their aircraft's maneuverability
00:01:08is high. Of course, some can be shot down. Several
00:01:11helicopters and planes have been downed, but casualties are low
00:01:15and the defense is very good. But it might be an obstacle for ground
00:01:18operations. Because Iran can use a large part
00:01:22of its firepower. For example, if
00:01:25the US captures Kharg Island, the marines
00:01:29and...
00:01:39You also mentioned other threats
00:01:41facing the US, China and
00:01:45Russia in this current
00:01:48situation. Is this in a way giving an
00:01:52early warning to the US
00:01:54regarding the ammunition it might have available in case
00:01:58of conflict?
00:02:10And China has an extraordinarily high number of long-range
00:02:13and short-range missiles and very effective defense systems.
00:02:17As a result, if a battle breaks out in Asia or Europe
00:02:20with these countries, the US will probably be forced
00:02:24to stop operations in Iran or significantly reduce
00:02:28their scale to be able to
00:02:30focus on these priorities. And overall,
00:02:33the challenge is that even before the events of the past few months, we were worried
00:02:37that the US didn't have enough weapons and ammunition in Asia,
00:02:41and now the situation has gotten
00:02:43even worse.
00:02:46Many analysts believed that
00:02:49this halt in US
00:02:52attacks was one of the reasons for
00:02:55the shortage of weapons. And
00:02:59now we're hearing that, in any case, negotiations are underway
00:03:03to open the Strait of Hormuz. But if this
00:03:05issue has caused these attacks to stop,
00:03:09then do you think
00:03:12that in the coming weeks, for example, the US might
00:03:16come back and refill its arsenals and resume attacks?
00:03:20It depends
00:03:22on the type of weapons. For Patriot air defense systems
00:03:26or long-range offensive systems like
00:03:29Tomahawk missiles, the assessment is that the US
00:03:32needs 5 years to fully restore its
00:03:35inventory to the pre-war level.
00:03:38This means the US has enough stock
00:03:42of these weapons, but only for a week or two. But
00:03:46this is not enough for a large-scale operation
00:03:49against Russia, China, or North Korea.
00:03:52Richard
00:03:56White, Director of the Center for Military-Political Analysis.
00:04:01But the first part of the four-part interview with Masoud Pezeshkian, the Iranian
00:04:05president, with the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting is currently airing on Khabar channel.
00:04:09This part, which was supposed to be released last night, according to the
00:04:12President's Office, was postponed due to the busy schedule
00:04:16of IRIB on Arba'een night, and now these talks have concluded.
00:04:20Mr. Pezeshkian said in part of this interview that the Islamic Republic
00:04:23has managed to overcome the most difficult post-revolution conditions. He
00:04:27said that despite the crises of the past two years, Iran
00:04:31is referred to as a powerful country. My colleague, Ghoncheh
00:04:34Habibzadeh, is with me. I know you saw
00:04:38this interview. What did Mr. Pezeshkian say? Mr. Pezeshkian started from the last two
00:04:42years, from what happened, from the killing of Ismail Haniyeh,
00:04:46the Hamas leader, in Tehran, and what happened after that. Then
00:04:49a 12-day war happened. The recent war, all of this, the killing
00:04:53of the leader of the Islamic Republic, Ali Khamenei, and
00:04:56in a part of his speech, he said that after Ali Khamenei's killing, many thought
00:05:00that even he himself, Mr. Pezeshkian, thought a country couldn't continue
00:05:04after this, that there would be an internal rebellion, something that, according to
00:05:08Mr. Pezeshkian, the leaders of the countries that had attacked wanted to, in a
00:05:11way,
00:05:14he brought up this issue about Mojtaba Khamenei, the third leader of the Islamic
00:05:17Republic, in his speech, and said that accessing him is very
00:05:21difficult, but he said that when Mr. Pezeshkian had
00:05:25a meeting with him, he again said that his personality is different
00:05:29from what they portray, and also talked about some differences
00:05:32and divisions within the factions of Iran, especially
00:05:36about the agreement and memorandum of understanding with the US,
00:05:39and said that Mr. Khamenei had said
00:05:42that if three-quarters of the members, more than that, agree to
00:05:46this agreement, three-quarters of the members of the Supreme National Security Council,
00:05:50this agreement will be approved by Iran.
00:05:53However, some have now said they oppose it.
00:05:57Mr. Pezeshkian criticized this issue, and also a main issue that
00:06:00Mr. Pezeshkian referred to was the protests of December
00:06:0418th and 19th. Let's listen to a part of his remarks.
00:06:08Both he and we were extremely upset because the actions
00:06:12that were taken, the management of the situation,
00:06:15because there was no preparation,
00:06:19many people were harmed.
00:06:20And
00:06:25both he and we can't
00:06:28remove from our minds that many of our
00:06:32youth, a large number of them,
00:06:35died, became martyrs, some of them were
00:06:39injured, some of them lost some of their
00:06:43body parts. Well, this was very bad for
00:06:46him, and even now, I
00:06:50cannot forget that incident. Mr. Pezeshkian
00:06:53here had mentioned that he was referring to the distress of the former
00:06:57leader of the Islamic Republic, Ali Khamenei, and the first meeting after
00:07:00the protests. He was talking about that, about the events
00:07:04that had occurred. And also, in another part of his speech,
00:07:07he referred to the number of casualties and accused
00:07:11foreign media of fabricating numbers, saying
00:07:1530,000 people were killed. And the statistics
00:07:18published by Iran are not these figures; they said 3,000 people were killed.
00:07:22He also spoke about this issue. And
00:07:26this was a summary of what was published in the first part.
00:07:29In other parts, Mr. Pezeshkian is expected to address other issues, as
00:07:33is clear from the teaser for this interview, which they say will
00:07:36be broadcast in the coming nights. Thank you, Goncheh. Goncheh Habibi Azad, my colleague
00:07:40in the studio. Kazem Alamdari, sociologist and author
00:07:44of "Why Iran Lagged Behind and the West Advanced" is with us
00:07:48wrote an article on the Iran-e-Emrooz website
00:07:52titled "What Fate Awaits Iran?" Mr. Alamdari,
00:07:56this question you have raised is probably a question that
00:07:59occupies the minds of 90 million Iranians:
00:08:03what fate awaits Iran?
00:08:06We just heard from my colleague that Mr. Pezeshkian,
00:08:10the president of Iran, refers to the ongoing
00:08:13problems and challenges that
00:08:16the current government and the regime are grappling with.
00:08:20At present, what fate do you think awaits
00:08:23Iran?
00:08:26Yes, I think that Iran is
00:08:30in a very deadlocked situation,
00:08:33a multi-faceted and interconnected deadlock.
00:08:36And if these deadlocks continue,
00:08:40the society will
00:08:44reach a point where social order and security become more important
00:08:47than freedom. The crises that can be mentioned are, first,
00:08:51that the government has reached obsolescence. Second,
00:08:55there is a deadlock between the two dominant
00:08:58factions within the current government,
00:09:02and one faction, the hardline
00:09:06faction, prevents agreement with the West, with the US,
00:09:10while the other faction is trying
00:09:13to reach an agreement and a consensus.
00:09:16The third deadlock is
00:09:19that the war has reached a stage where it doesn't
00:09:23seem that any group, any side,
00:09:26will be victorious in this war. Society has
00:09:29reached fatigue, complete exhaustion,
00:09:32where crises have also accumulated
00:09:36and the government is unable to respond to the needs
00:09:40of society. All of this has created
00:09:43a situation, as I mentioned, where society
00:09:46might seek a savior. There isn't one,
00:09:49but the conditions might create a savior,
00:09:53just as
00:09:55I cited Napoleon Bonaparte in my article
00:09:59as an example of the conditions in France at that time,
00:10:02which are not even similar to today's Iran.
00:10:05It wasn't. But for example,
00:10:08Reza Shah can be seen as a phenomenon or
00:10:11product of a situation where society
00:10:15had reached multiple deadlocks and couldn't solve its problems.
00:10:18One of the crises that I consider very important
00:10:22is that the opposition
00:10:25is neither able to overcome the government
00:10:29nor is the government able to completely silence
00:10:33the opposition, eliminate it, or ignore
00:10:36it. Therefore, this combination of deadlocks causes
00:10:39society to reach a point, a time,
00:10:43a situation where, as I first mentioned,
00:10:45social order and security become more important
00:10:49than freedom, and everyone is looking for someone to come
00:10:52powerfully and establish this order
00:10:56and security. From your perspective, could this lead to a
00:10:59dictatorship, as you wrote in the article? Exactly.
00:11:03This is exactly what a dictatorship needs, a military figure.
00:11:07Today, such a figure does not exist in Iranian society,
00:11:10whereas several years ago, before Qassem
00:11:14Soleimani was killed, he could have played that role
00:11:17when the proxy forces of the Islamic Republic still existed.
00:11:21Because both the government and all factions of the government
00:11:25were behind him. The perception was that he was fighting ISIS
00:11:29outside of Iran, and a part of
00:11:32the national movements also supported him with the same
00:11:35discourse and narrative that he was fighting ISIS
00:11:39outside to prevent them from entering Iran.
00:11:42Today, such a personality does not exist
00:11:45in the military apparatus of the Islamic Republic. Therefore,
00:11:49the situation must become more critical for one to be created,
00:11:52for one to emerge, and for society to accept
00:11:56him. In a part of this article, you also said that the lack of a coherent
00:12:00political alternative
00:12:03does not necessarily mean the survival of the Islamic Republic.
00:12:07That alternative may not exist, but the Islamic Republic could still
00:12:10collapse and disappear. How do you reconcile
00:12:13these two? Exactly. That's exactly right.
00:12:16As I mentioned, the Islamic
00:12:19Republic's revolution has not failed. The government has become
00:12:22obsolete. The government is not capable of
00:12:25responding to the needs of society.
00:12:28On the other hand,
00:12:31mechanisms have been employed over the past 47 years
00:12:35that have not allowed an opposition,
00:12:37even an opposition within the government, to emerge. For example, the reformists
00:12:41to be considered an alternative within the government
00:12:44at a time when the government as a whole
00:12:48has reached a deadlock like today, for them to take
00:12:52power. For example, I think Pezeshkian
00:12:55and Ghalibaf these days are trying to play the role
00:12:59of past reformists and
00:13:02to break out of the structure of the Islamic Republic, where
00:13:05all power was absolutely concentrated
00:13:09in one person,
00:13:12and create a new structure. Today, due to those
00:13:15same mechanisms, no governmental alternative
00:13:19or prominent opposition has formed outside
00:13:23the government.
00:13:25Yes, a large majority of society opposes the Islamic
00:13:29Republic, but this is not enough. This majority needs to have
00:13:32organization, organic leadership,
00:13:36be present across Iran, within Iran. These have not yet
00:13:39taken shape in Iran.
00:13:42You also mentioned the possibility of chaos
00:13:45in case of the Islamic Republic's collapse in this article. From
00:13:49a social perspective, you are, after all, a sociologist.
00:13:53How concerning should this chaos be for ordinary
00:13:57people in Iran? Look,
00:14:00we haven't reached that threshold yet. This society hasn't
00:14:03reached that threshold, but it can reach that threshold where
00:14:07the fatigue caused by accumulated
00:14:10crises, by poverty and unemployment, and
00:14:14discrimination and repression - these
00:14:17will make society unable to endure them
00:14:20anymore, and regional rebellions will
00:14:24begin. Regional rebellions will begin,
00:14:27and the Islamic Republic will be unable to control
00:14:31them. I mentioned in the article that one of the reasons
00:14:35that these days the Islamic Republic resorts to suppression or missile
00:14:38attacks on the bases of Kurdish parties in the Kurdistan
00:14:42Region is that the Islamic Republic itself sees this potential
00:14:46in society for rebellions to occur
00:14:49and for armed
00:14:53Kurdish parties to be able to play a role. They would arm people in various parts
00:14:56of Iran. Therefore, as a preventive measure
00:15:00the Islamic Republic is taking, it aims to neutralize the forces
00:15:04of armed parties in the Kurdistan Region. Therefore,
00:15:07yes, the potential exists that society, whether it wants
00:15:10to or not, might experience these so-called rebellions
00:15:13due to a situation where everything has
00:15:17reached a deadlock and society feels it has tried every
00:15:21path without success. Even the major world powers,
00:15:25such as the US and Israel, have intervened, thousands of bombs
00:15:28were dropped on Iran, yet the Islamic Republic remains, there are still
00:15:32problems, there is still a crisis, and it has gotten worse, and it
00:15:36will get even worse. Therefore.
00:15:58The Islamic Republic has transformed military war into economic
00:16:02war. Therefore, whenever it is attacked by the US,
00:16:06or for example, Iranian structures
00:16:08are bombed by the US,
00:16:12the Islamic Republic retaliates by attacking neighboring
00:16:15countries. Attacking neighboring countries - now, a large
00:16:19portion of them are US allies,
00:16:22but even if they're not, it doesn't matter, because
00:16:2620% of the world's economic resources,
00:16:29primarily oil and gas,
00:16:32pass through the Persian Gulf.
00:16:36And
00:16:50if it seizes the world, the US will suffer greatly from this,
00:16:54and if military forces enter Iran, because some
00:16:58analysts think the only remaining option for the US
00:17:02is to send military forces into Iran, this would be a catastrophe
00:17:05that would, in my opinion, put all parties involved,
00:17:09including the US itself, under great pressure
00:17:12and would be the end of the great American
00:17:15empire, just as in the First World War,
00:17:19and especially the Second World War, it was the end
00:17:22of the British Empire.
00:17:25And as a final question, don't you think that the scenarios
00:17:28you have presented here might be a bit
00:17:31pessimistic? Look, I mentioned
00:17:35at the beginning of the article
00:17:37that we must see realities, act based on realities,
00:17:41and analyze. The ideals we have or the desires
00:17:45we have can be very contradictory. Yes, I don't like any
00:17:49of these, but they might happen. Based on the data
00:17:52available so far, some American analysts have concluded
00:17:56that there is no other way for the US but
00:18:00to enter Iranian territory, and they themselves concluded
00:18:04that this is a great catastrophe that, so to speak, the US
00:18:11cannot... Therefore, these realities must be seen, and based on these realities,
00:18:14there might be some exaggeration, and I might look at it
00:18:18pessimistically, but this pessimism is necessary to
00:18:22alert everyone that in the future, we will face
00:18:25a situation much worse than what it is today, and those
00:18:29who are actively involved can take action. For example, within
00:18:33the Islamic Republic, the two factions of the Islamic Republic cannot
00:18:36reach an agreement. One faction, the hardline
00:18:39faction, sees its entire political destiny in the continuation
00:18:43of war. Israel and a part of the opposition
00:18:46to the Islamic Republic outside Iran are
00:18:50rejoicing at the occupation of Iran, at the bombing
00:18:53of Iran's infrastructure. This future situation is very concerning,
00:18:57why should Iranians rejoice over the destruction
00:19:00of Iran's infrastructure and be happy that Iran's cities
00:19:04will probably be destroyed? Therefore,
00:19:08all these must be considered together and analyzed based on these realities,
00:19:12not on what we like or dislike. Thank you,
00:19:15Kazem Alamdari, sociologist, with
00:19:19me. In a few weeks, the United Nations must elect
00:19:23a new Secretary-General for a 5-year term.
00:19:26Many say it's time for a woman to lead
00:19:30the organization for the first time. Bahman Karbasi, our correspondent
00:19:34in New York, on the process of this election and the competitors...
00:19:50At the end of this year, December 31st, will hand over the Secretary-General's chair to his successor. The
00:19:53organization.
00:19:57An organization with its affiliated bodies has over 100
00:20:00thousand employees, and its Secretary-General plays
00:20:03a symbolic and sometimes effective
00:20:06role in reducing tensions between countries. The election
00:20:10of Mr. Guterres's replacement may take several
00:20:14weeks. First, any member state of the United Nations
00:20:17can nominate a candidate for
00:20:20the post. This time, fewer than 10 countries
00:20:24have nominated individuals. The expectation is that they
00:20:27should have experience in diplomacy and management of international
00:20:31organizations. Then the Security
00:20:34Council will review the work experience and abilities
00:20:38of these individuals. Who will be the next UN Secretary-General
00:20:42will be determined here at the Security Council meeting
00:20:45venue at the United Nations.
00:20:48The non-permanent members of the Council,
00:20:5110 countries, will vote with white ballots, and the permanent
00:20:55members - Britain, Russia, China, the United States, and France
00:20:59- will express their opinions with red ballots regarding
00:21:03these six or seven candidates for Secretary-General. But
00:21:06it must be determined which of these has a better chance to get
00:21:10both the majority vote and have no permanent member oppose
00:21:14them. A process that will continue for several weeks in this
00:21:17hall until finally a name from.
00:21:50the Atomic Energy Agency, amid the wars, we talked with the leaders of both
00:21:54sides and were accepted as an effective mediator. This is
00:21:58a role the UN should be able
00:22:00to play.
00:22:07The UN has had nine Secretaries-General
00:22:11to date. All men. These images are of them on
00:22:14silk tapestries donated by Iran. In one of the
00:22:17entrances to the UN headquarters
00:22:20in New York. Many countries insist that this
00:22:24time a woman should lead the organization. The presence
00:22:28of four female candidates indicates the possibility
00:22:31of one of them being chosen. According to
00:22:35news leaked from last week's Security
00:22:38Council vote, Rebeca Grynspan, former Vice President
00:22:42of Costa Rica, has received the most
00:22:45support. People are losing faith that this
00:22:48organization can establish peace in today's more
00:22:52dangerous world. With one less vote, Carolyn
00:22:55Rodrigues Birkett, former Foreign Minister of Guyana,
00:22:58is also a serious contender for Secretary-General.
00:23:02We need a Secretary-General who is
00:23:06pragmatic and action-oriented. Any of these competitors who
00:23:09succeeds in gaining the support of the Security Council members
00:23:13will be nominated to the General Assembly.
00:23:16Where all countries have the right to vote.
00:23:20This last step is symbolic because it is expected
00:23:23that representatives of most countries will vote
00:23:26in favor of the nominated individual.
00:23:30The tenth Secretary-General of the United Nations, who after
00:23:33his election will immediately face the super-crises of ongoing
00:23:37wars, climate change, and questions about the effectiveness
00:23:41and impact of the United Nations.
00:23:44Bahman Kalbasi, BBC
00:23:46New York. A stray
00:23:50space rocket belonging to SpaceX
00:23:53has collided with the moon's surface. This rocket
00:23:57is the empty upper section of a Falcon 9
00:24:01missile that was launched in January last year and
00:24:04was on a collision course with the moon at a speed
00:24:08of about 885 kilometers per hour. Watch
00:24:11our science reporter, Palapsh's,
00:24:13report.
00:24:20A year and a half ago, this rocket was launched to carry a lunar lander and rover to
00:24:24the moon, but the rocket itself was not supposed to land on the moon,
00:24:28let alone collide with it.
00:24:29A successful
00:24:32launch in the skies of Florida, USA.
00:24:36The moment the lower section separated while
00:24:39the upper section continued its journey to the moon.
00:24:43At that time, they didn't know it would eventually crash
00:24:45into the moon.
00:24:49Something like this was supposed to happen: a recreated
00:24:52NASA image of an intentional crash on the moon's surface
00:24:5617 years ago. A luminous
00:24:58explosion and scattered debris up to 100
00:25:01kilometers high. Observing it from Earth was not
00:25:04easy, but powerful telescopes were able to record it,
00:25:07providing valuable information to scientists.
00:25:09That
00:25:12collision is interesting to scientists because we know it actually happened,
00:25:16and we know the speed and mass of the rocket that collided with the moon.
00:25:20This isn't information we normally obtain in our daily lives.
00:25:24As a result, when scientists want to study the
00:25:27scattered debris from the collision with the moon's surface,
00:25:31they have a lot more data available. By studying
00:25:34the light emissions that result from the explosion,
00:25:37scientists can identify the type of materials and understand
00:25:41the moon's composition at the impact site. This is an incredible
00:25:44opportunity for scientists who want to know how the moon was formed,
00:25:48what its history was.
00:26:32You can check the latest news. Just 55 minutes
00:26:36ago, as you can see, CBS said that
00:26:39an agreement between Iran and Oman for the reopening
00:26:43of the Strait of Hormuz might be announced in the coming
00:26:46days. This is something that in a way confirms
00:26:49the Iranian Foreign Minister's statements today that an agreement between
00:26:53Iran and Oman is being finalized and will be announced
00:26:56soon. Thank you for being with us for these 60
00:27:00minutes.
00:27:25They use fake names. Their phones are disposable
00:27:29and they hide from the law. Not to escape the law, but
00:27:33to expose lawbreakers. They are
00:27:36BBC World Service journalists,
00:27:39and this is Global Eye on BBC
00:27:43Persian. Jürgen Habermas was one of
00:27:46those philosophers who were widely welcomed
00:27:49in Iran. Why? What ideas in his political
00:27:53philosophy received attention in Iran? Habermas
00:27:56is not a pacifist at any cost. In Eastern
00:28:00Europe. In the late 80s, when revolutions
00:28:03were happening, he supported them. When we look at his
00:28:07opinion on Israel and Palestine, we see
00:28:10that he turns into a German for whom the Holocaust is a red
00:28:14line.
00:28:28One billion.
00:28:32Ever, freckles,
00:28:43little mark here. It's amazing, yeah, yeah, to know there's
00:28:46a little piece of - still
00:28:48there.
00:28:53Good morning, how are
00:28:54you?
00:29:08"Thank you doesn't seem enough for this because it's just such an incredible gift
00:29:11that's given me so much
00:29:13independence."
00:29:21When I was asked about limbs, I kind of
00:29:25paused for a minute. I thought, what's the difference if I'm given
00:29:28a heart, liver, lungs, kidneys? What difference
00:29:32does it make? So, and it'll change somebody's life, so yeah. I've been
00:29:35able to finally hold my youngest granddaughter's hand, and I can
00:29:39actually feel it now.
00:30:40Hello, and welcome to this short news segment from BBC Persian
00:30:44Television. Reuters news agency has reported
00:30:47that a proposed agreement between Iran and Oman
00:30:50to end military tension in the Strait of Hormuz would allow
00:30:53Tehran to control the entry of ships into the Persian
00:30:57Gulf. The US has not yet commented on this.
00:31:00Iran and Oman within the framework.