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00:00:00In the war with Iran, time is on the side of Donald Trump's government. In
00:00:03contrast, Senator Chris Murphy, a US Democrat who recently visited the
00:00:07Middle East, says Iran's attacks have been so severe that
00:00:11US bases in Bahrain and Qatar are no longer
00:00:14usable. Khashayar
00:00:17Janidi, our correspondent from our Washington studio, is on the program.
00:00:20Khashayar, tell us more about Mr. Trump's and US officials' statements.
00:00:23We are currently in the election campaign
00:00:27period. In recent days,
00:00:31Mr. Trump has traveled to various states and given election
00:00:35speeches, and his message in these
00:00:38speeches is usually the same: that America has the
00:00:42upper hand and will soon deal with Iran
00:00:45and the war will end and America will be victorious. Yesterday
00:00:49and last night, he also gave a speech, talking about facing
00:00:52a "mad country" - referring to the Iranian
00:00:56government, of course - and saying that very soon, he said,
00:01:00"They don't realize that I've been patient with them so far. By the time
00:01:03this election is over, the war will end very
00:01:06quickly." And he said it's possible that Iran wants to take
00:01:10action before the US elections, in which case the US will very
00:01:13quickly deal with them and end the matter.
00:01:17These statements by Mr. Trump are usually a repetition that we hear
00:01:20every night, and he's talking about this issue in the elections to
00:01:24reassure his supporters that the economic situation
00:01:28will very quickly return to its pre-war
00:01:32state. However, today, as is customary on
00:01:35Sundays when news networks
00:01:39or major US networks invite important guests and talk to
00:01:43them, Mnuchin, the US Secretary of the
00:01:46Treasury, was a guest on Fox News, and
00:01:49he was talking about the
00:01:52success of this economic campaign against Iran and the pressure
00:01:56it is putting on the Iranian government. Mr.
00:02:00Mnuchin predicted that Iran would reach a point in two to four
00:02:03months where it would be forced to accept all of
00:02:06America's conditions because the financial pressure on it is very
00:02:10high, and as I spoke with Mr. Mnuchin's
00:02:14deputy three days ago, he used the expression that
00:02:17Iran will eventually kneel before America. These are the things they
00:02:21say, of course, and Mr. Mnuchin predicted that
00:02:24in the continuation of this campaign and economic pressure, the Iranian government will eventually
00:02:28accept America's economic
00:02:32conditions, or that this continued
00:02:35pressure will cause discord in the Revolutionary Guard, or that
00:02:39Tehran will eventually accept to abandon its nuclear program
00:02:42and enter into negotiations with America. These were, of course, the statements
00:02:46Mr. Mnuchin was making. He referred to the fact that
00:02:50it has become very difficult for Iranians to travel outside of Iran.
00:02:54He said that government officials and the elite of the government now find it
00:02:58difficult to go to London, or to Paris, or to
00:03:01Switzerland to check their bank accounts. They are facing
00:03:05difficulties. Criticism from Democrats
00:03:09is also being widely reported. They now seem
00:03:12to have significantly increased
00:03:14their level of criticism
00:03:18against Mr. Trump.
00:03:22Democrats are now focusing their criticism
00:03:24on two main axes.
00:03:28The first axis is the discussion of the recent agreements Mr. Trump
00:03:32had with Mr. Putin. Two days ago, Mr.
00:03:35Trump and Mr. Putin spoke on the phone. Mr. Putin promised Mr. Trump
00:03:38that he would send 300,000 tons of diesel to
00:03:42international markets. This is a very important
00:03:45point for Mr. Trump on the eve of the elections.
00:03:48He hopes that this action will help
00:03:51lower diesel prices, especially in the US, where it is over $6
00:03:55per gallon. Of course, analysts say
00:03:58this will have little impact on the market in the long run.
00:04:30Saudi Arabia can defend itself, and America should not enter the war between Saudi Arabia
00:04:34and the Houthis, as it would make the situation more complicated.
00:04:37He said Mr. Trump had no preparation for this war before the war with Iran,
00:04:41and the example he gave, according to him, is
00:04:44that in the early days of the war, Iran managed to damage
00:04:48two major US bases that cost billions of dollars in Bahrain and
00:04:52Qatar, and practically, the situation is getting
00:04:56tougher every day. Thank you, Khashayar
00:04:59Janidi. Ukraine says that
00:05:01Russia has once again attacked
00:05:04its energy
00:05:06infrastructure. Volodymyr Zelensky announced in a statement
00:05:09that the Kremlin carried out this attack precisely after
00:05:13US President Donald Trump claimed Moscow and Kyiv had
00:05:17agreed to stop attacks on each other's energy
00:05:20facilities. Of course, Zelensky also told American media Axios
00:05:24that he was unaware of any such agreement and asked the Trump administration
00:05:28to inform his country of its details.
00:05:31The President of Ukraine also announced that if a two-month ceasefire is reached in
00:05:35Ukraine, presidential elections will be
00:05:38held. Matthew Bryza,
00:05:41former Ambassador of the United States to the Republic
00:05:44of Azerbaijan, and also former Deputy Assistant Secretary
00:05:48of State for European Affairs, is with us from
00:05:51Istanbul. Mr.
00:05:54Bryza, welcome to the program.
00:05:57First, why is Mr. Trump putting so much pressure on
00:06:00Zelensky?
00:06:01Thank you for giving me this
00:06:08opportunity to be with you. I think that
00:06:11President Trump again, like
00:06:15in the past, like February 2025,
00:06:18he is repeating the same thing he has done.
00:06:22He doesn't think strategically, he is
00:06:25thinking about elections. Somehow
00:06:28President Putin has tricked him this
00:06:31way, he has convinced
00:06:35him that Zelensky wants to continue the war,
00:06:38he has convinced him that, for example, Putin
00:06:43wants to end the war, and
00:06:46then he has shown that, for example,
00:06:50he has convinced him that he wants to help him lower
00:06:53the price of gasoline before the midterm elections. That's
00:06:57why I think President Trump is now really thinking about the political
00:07:01legacy of the Republican Party and his own political legacy,
00:07:04rather than about the strategic interests of the US and
00:07:07its European allies, instead of thinking about how to
00:07:11stop Russia from destroying Ukraine. You
00:07:14mentioned the conflict with Iran. Hasn't Mr. Trump
00:07:18by attacking Iran put himself in a position
00:07:22where he has no choice but to, for example,
00:07:25extend a helping hand to Vladimir Putin and
00:07:29ask for his
00:07:30help?
00:07:35No, I don't think so. I think President Trump has
00:07:38many options.
00:07:41For example, he can see that Putin's
00:07:45imposed war against Ukraine is really an
00:07:48imposed war, meaning Russia can end it whenever
00:07:52it wants. If Zelensky wants to end the war now,
00:07:55it will be the end of Ukraine, but Russia can start a war whenever it wants. But in
00:07:59relation to Iran,
00:08:01the US can reach a ceasefire
00:08:05with Iran whenever it wants. They had
00:08:08a ceasefire in the past. Both sides, I think, both
00:08:12Iran and the US, are adhering to the main provisions and memorandum of understanding.
00:08:16It's just a matter of the timetable and timing. Who
00:08:20will do what first? Will Iran stop its attacks on ships in the Strait of Hormuz
00:08:24first, or will, for example,
00:08:27the US lift sanctions and
00:08:31release Iran's assets? So there's a lot
00:08:34of room for Iran to negotiate,
00:08:38to negotiate with the Revolutionary Guard. But regarding
00:08:41the Ukraine issue and the Russia-Ukraine
00:08:44war, President Trump himself has decided and chosen
00:08:48to side with Putin because he has always had a general inclination towards Russia and Putin.
00:08:51It seems that regarding Iran, the issue has become very
00:08:55sensitive for Mr. Trump. That is, it's hard
00:08:59for him to back down from his position and show
00:09:03flexibility. But why is this not the case in other
00:09:06areas? For example, he often shows flexibility regarding China. Regarding
00:09:10Russia, his opinion was different before. He had
00:09:13said that he was disappointed with Mr. Putin, but now he is saying
00:09:17things that are pleasing to Mr. Putin,
00:09:20probably.
00:09:24Yes, that's a very good question you are
00:09:28asking me. I don't think anyone can
00:09:31understand the mental complexities of Donald Trump, I don't even think he himself
00:09:35understands. I think Donald Trump
00:09:38completely lacks a strategic mindset.
00:09:42He doesn't think about America at all, he mostly thinks about Donald
00:09:46Trump, he mostly thinks about himself. Instead
00:09:49of having a systematic mind regarding foreign policy,
00:09:53he himself has said he has no interest in
00:09:57history, his historical information is also weak, and
00:10:00he doesn't know how geopolitical powers and military
00:10:04powers can work together to reach a compromise
00:10:07with an opponent. Anyway, every
00:10:11war ultimately ends
00:10:14with a political agreement,
00:10:18unless it's World War II where Hitler committed
00:10:21suicide. Anyway, but
00:10:24Trump thinks in his mind that if he puts a lot of military pressure
00:10:27on Iran, Iran will surrender. But the Iranian
00:10:31government has shown that this is not true. Thank
00:10:35you very much, Mr. Bryza. Matthew Bryza, former
00:10:38US Ambassador to the Republic of Azerbaijan,
00:10:42and also former Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for European and
00:10:45Eurasian Affairs. Floods in northern Iran in the past
00:10:49two days have caused roads to be flooded, power and communication
00:10:53lines to be cut, and at least one death in Golestan province. In addition
00:10:57to this province, which has suffered the most damage, the provinces of
00:11:00Mazandaran, North Khorasan, Ardabil, and Semnan have also been
00:11:03affected by these floods. Rescue workers' efforts to help
00:11:07flood victims continue. This is happening at a time when at least four
00:11:11people in Iran have lost their lives due to floods and their resulting
00:11:15damages since the beginning of this year. Siavash
00:11:17Ardalan reports. This year, Iran has had good
00:11:21rainfall, and this is good news for the environment and for farmers
00:11:25in areas that have been struggling with drought for
00:11:28years. However, heavy rainfall also brings
00:11:32disaster and hardship for many. The large volume of
00:11:36rainfall in the past two days in the northern provinces, North Khorasan,
00:11:39Semnan, and Ardabil, has caused
00:11:42floods. In North Khorasan and Ardabil, the damage is
00:11:46minor, but in the provinces of Golestan and Mazandaran,
00:11:50the damages have been extensive. Minoodasht to Qaleh
00:11:53Qafeh road. The route you are seeing
00:11:57is currently blocked and damaged.
00:12:00Our highest rainfall in Golestan province was 147
00:12:04millimeters. 14 villages on the
00:12:07Qaleh Qafeh axis are now blocked,
00:12:10and 19 of our villages have lost power. The Crisis Management Organization
00:12:14during this period. The head of the Crisis Management Organization today
00:12:17defended his organization's performance to reporters.
00:12:20When a flood occurs, unfortunately,
00:12:23but they were not spared from
00:12:27critical questions. One of the reasons that
00:12:31rainfall causes floods, apart from the intensity
00:12:34of the rainfall, is human encroachment on nature and the
00:12:38ecosystem. Encroachment on river boundaries,
00:12:41improper water management for agricultural reasons,
00:12:45and in northern provinces, fish farming, as well as
00:12:48not dredging rivers in time. Since
00:12:51the beginning of this year, different parts of Iran have witnessed
00:12:55dozens of floods. Since the beginning of the year until today, which is approximately
00:12:5918-19 days into the water year,
00:13:02we have had 35 cases
00:13:05of floods resulting in damage in various parts of the country,
00:13:08and unfortunately, as of today, four of
00:13:12our compatriots have died due to floods.
00:13:15All four of these were in Golestan
00:13:18province, and we still have two missing people in Golestan
00:13:22province due to the floods, and
00:13:25searches are still ongoing. Of the two women who went missing
00:13:29yesterday in Minoodasht, one was found an hour
00:13:33ago with the help of rescue forces. It is predicted
00:13:36that in the coming days, the southern and southeastern
00:13:40provinces along the Zagros Mountains will also experience heavy rainfall.
00:13:43These are provinces that have previously suffered from devastating
00:13:47and deadly floods. With the intensification
00:13:50of climate change and also the El Niño
00:13:54phenomenon, drought on one side and torrential rainfall on the other
00:13:57will affect many communities around the
00:14:01world. Siavash
00:14:04Ardalan, BBC . The
00:14:07war and the crises resulting from it in recent months have had a profound impact on
00:14:11children and adolescents in Iran. Many families are
00:14:14concerned about the increase in anxiety among their children and
00:14:17don't know how to explain the situation to their children. A question
00:14:21that is often asked is how to talk to children and
00:14:25adolescents about the possibility of another attack on Iran.
00:14:28At the same time, the head of the Iranian Association of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry has
00:14:32said that during recent crises, school dropout and suicide
00:14:36attempts have increased. Let's hear a portion of the statements by Javad
00:14:39Allaghbandian, head of the Association of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry,
00:14:43and we will discuss this further.
00:14:45You said that during the war, what
00:14:49problems have increased? Now, a systematic study
00:14:52or a study that has comprehensively investigated
00:14:56it, I don't remember any being done. You think it
00:15:00takes time, yes, it takes time. But my clinical
00:15:03impression and from my clients and my overall
00:15:07assessment is that
00:15:09we have had a lot of dropouts from schools, meaning children
00:15:13who have abandoned their studies or are not studying or are finding
00:15:17various ways to avoid studying.
00:15:20Schools are also forced in many cases to give
00:15:24grades, and
00:15:29this is a phenomenon that was observed during and after Corona
00:15:33all over the world. Now in America, statistics.
00:16:08Dr. Arash Javanbakht, a psychiatrist specializing in
00:16:12anxiety and the head of the Stress, Trauma and Anxiety Research Clinic
00:16:15at Wayne State University in the US, is with us
00:16:19from Detroit. Welcome to the program, Mr. Javanbakht.
00:16:23Well, the main challenge is really how to talk to children,
00:16:26especially in a situation like Iran where
00:16:29the level of war might
00:16:33escalate again, and we might witness events
00:16:36like what we've seen in the past year or two.
00:16:40Thank you for your kindness. Well, this is a situation that can be said to be
00:16:43one of the worst situations that a country can be in, and
00:16:47many unknowns and lack of control are
00:16:50present in it. The first stage of acceptance is that
00:16:54both parents themselves are in a very difficult situation, and
00:16:57also that children and adolescents, what we know
00:17:01is that especially
00:17:04younger children, as well as adolescents,
00:17:07much of their understanding of the level of danger,
00:17:10the level of badness of the situation, the hardships, their
00:17:14gaze is on their parents. That is, the more agitated and anxious
00:17:18the parents are, and the more they look at social media
00:17:21and the more they express these negative
00:17:24emotions, the more fear and despair the children will feel. So I know
00:17:28it's very difficult, but one of the most important things a parent can do is
00:17:31to, for the child, perhaps at least not express
00:17:35those negative emotions as much in front of the children. A lot
00:17:39of the sense of security that children can feel comes from their parents.
00:17:42And of course, we don't want to lie. So the first step is to listen to the child.
00:17:46Many times I remember children, for example, say something, and parents say, "No, it's not important."
00:17:50For example, no, that child understands and goes to find
00:17:53someone else to answer them. Therefore, the most
00:17:57important first step is listening. Just listening by itself
00:18:00does a lot for any person, and even more so for children.
00:18:04Once we have heard their worries and pains,
00:18:08the next step is to provide that child with the necessary
00:18:11sense of security. That is, "Look, for example, here in this city
00:18:15where we are, the possibility of attack is very low. Here, even if there is an attack,
00:18:18in war, usually they don't target people's homes. It's military
00:18:22centers, it's a war between military
00:18:25forces." And then the areas we can control, because
00:18:28unfortunately, the situation takes away the sense of control from many.
00:18:31We can't control many things, who might attack
00:18:35from the other side, who might get cut off, this problem might
00:18:38arise. But there are things we can control, family routines.
00:18:42Sitting together and watching a movie, eating this meal together, because parents' morale might
00:18:45not be good, but it's important that they together, "Every
00:18:49week we go to the park on Saturdays or Fridays."
00:18:52We should maintain these routines. Where we can control,
00:18:56we should bring more control. Thank you very
00:18:59much, Doctor. It has been said that school
00:19:02dropout has increased, even suicide attempts have increased. In such
00:19:06cases, people usually consult specialists like
00:19:09you. Now, the economic situation is also very bad. How much is
00:19:12counselling available for a middle-class
00:19:15or even lower-middle-class family
00:19:17in these economic
00:19:20circumstances?
00:19:22Unfortunately, since I am outside Iran, I don't have information,
00:19:26but where there is the ability to consult, well, anyone, even
00:19:30if there's a wise person in the family
00:19:34who is calmer, has more control over themselves.
00:19:38Or there's a teacher who can be a good listener and can be
00:19:41listened to. Well, counselors, psychologists,
00:19:44psychiatrists, even general practitioners, pediatricians, these
00:19:48people can often be talked to because there are some things
00:19:51that a family cannot handle itself anymore. There are warning signs when a child
00:19:55isolates themselves, feels guilt,
00:19:58feels useless. In such a situation,
00:20:02well, Doctor, we have access to you now. Do you have
00:20:05a message or anything
00:20:08to tell young people and adolescents, and
00:20:12can you provide that
00:20:14counseling in general? I want to say this frankly.
00:20:17I left Iran about 18 years ago,
00:20:21and I want to say that this generation that I am seeing, this
00:20:25generation of teenagers and young people that I am seeing now, is not
00:20:28comparable to my generation. That is, you are much
00:20:32wiser than us, much bolder, you have much
00:20:35more resources, you are more capable
00:20:37than us. I know it's very difficult, I know there are many
00:20:41things you don't control, I know there are many
00:20:44disappointments in the environment, but look, this
00:20:47is a country that has overcome these hardships for centuries
00:20:50and continued. And your generation, these
00:20:54social transformations that you have created and achieved, my generation
00:20:58could not even imagine. I say this frankly.
00:21:02If my generation could survive, I see a much brighter
00:21:05future for you than my generation, and do you
00:21:09think there's anything specific they should do? We have one minute, very briefly.
00:21:13Wherever you can control, speak.
00:21:17Don't be alone, speak. With friends, if
00:21:21you want to complain, be together with family, whoever
00:21:24listens, talk to them. If
00:21:27your friend is in this situation, go to their house and talk
00:21:31to them. We know that this support and social support
00:21:35is one of the most important factors that reduces despair,
00:21:39depression, thoughts of death, and the places where you can control,
00:21:43as much as you can, you can exercise, you can go together, I don't know, eat food somewhere,
00:21:46you can go to the park together, whatever you can, that lesson you can
00:21:50learn, read, that ability you can skill, whatever you can, the more
00:21:54you do what you can control, the less difficult it
00:21:57will be. Thank you very much, Mr. Dr. Javanbakht, Dr. Arash Javanbakht,
00:22:01psychiatrist specializing in anxiety,
00:22:04from Detroit, USA,
00:22:06with
00:22:08us. Nine months after the suppression of the latest wave of
00:22:12protests in Iran, a number of mothers who lost their children
00:22:16in the December massacre released videos in which
00:22:20they place nine apples next to their children's photos and
00:22:23mention their absence during this time. These apples
00:22:26symbolize nine months of pregnancy and maternal
00:22:30hopes and dreams that have now given way to
00:22:33grief and seeking justice. Let's watch a portion of these
00:22:36images together, with a warning that the content we are
00:22:40about to see may be disturbing to many of
00:22:43our viewers.
00:22:46My dear son, you grew in my
00:22:50being. Nine months you grew in my
00:22:53being. With joy,
00:22:57with love, with
00:23:00hope, with
00:23:02a smile, with impatience,
00:23:06with life,
00:23:10longing,
00:23:13anticipation,
00:23:15embrace.
00:23:18You grew up, you got big, you came
00:23:20into the world. It's been nine months since you're
00:23:23gone,
00:23:25and I have laid out nine
00:23:28apples for you.
00:23:32My dear daughter, I dedicate these scattered
00:23:35flowers
00:23:38to you, my scattered daughter.
00:23:40I will
00:23:45not forget
00:23:46you. And I will
00:24:50miss you, you had been shot, I would go around your head. Blood was coming from your
00:24:53mouth, you wouldn't let me know. Until that last
00:24:57moment, you were taking care of me. You were a very good
00:25:01child. They took you from me in the most brutal
00:25:04way possible. Now, it's been nine months since you're gone. Nine
00:25:08months have passed, and I still don't understand how the
00:25:11world continues without you. How
00:25:15does morning come? How do people laugh? How do they
00:25:18live when a mother has to endure the absence of
00:25:22her daughter, and a piece of
00:25:23her being
00:25:26has been torn away, when all her heart was attached to her
00:25:29existence? No mother should be forced to
00:25:33kiss
00:25:35her child's photo instead of kissing
00:25:39her face, to relive her memories instead of hearing her voice,
00:25:42and to live with her absence instead of hugging
00:25:45her. Finally, for the light of your existence that, even
00:25:49when you left me, remained
00:25:53bright in my heart and my land.
00:25:56For the light of your existence that did not extinguish with your
00:25:59departure, and that light is now very
00:26:02bright in my heart and in the hearts of many others,
00:26:06and the meaning of motherhood for me is now
00:26:09to keep your name and memory alive.
00:26:12I am proud of you,
00:26:16my daughter. Today, tomorrow,
00:26:19and as long as I live,
00:26:23my breath, tonight, behind this
00:26:27window, night is
00:26:30lurking.
00:26:33Thank you for watching the 60 minutes until the end. You can watch this program and
00:26:36our previous programs on the BBC Persian website
00:26:40as well as on our YouTube channel. I should also
00:26:44add that parts of this program will be available on our
00:26:48social media accounts, including our account on X, and
00:26:51you can get the audio version
00:26:54or podcast of this program on our Telegram
00:26:57channel, as well as on podcast platforms.
00:27:00Thank you.
00:27:40I'm almost less than one and a
00:27:43half. I'm really not sure if where
00:27:47we are standing is in Iranian Kurdistan or in Iraqi
00:27:50Kurdistan. We will try to cover
00:27:54live everything that is happening here for
00:27:56you.
00:27:59Tell us what we know, what are the new details.
00:28:03They moved the meeting forward by one hour and quickly left
00:28:07here. They are not
00:28:10tourists at the Turkish border, but they are not
00:28:14refugees either. Here, they were attacked
00:28:17by Israeli forces' airstrikes.
00:28:20The images we are receiving are very limited due to internet
00:28:24disruption.
00:28:25Minute-by-minute
00:28:28news coverage on television, social networks.
00:28:31Nawaz Sharif returned, and I
00:28:35said they will never reach an agreement until Afghans
00:28:38decide to set aside their personal interests and reach an
00:28:42agreement in which everyone has a stake,
00:28:46no peace will be established. Iran shares
00:28:49over a thousand kilometers of border with Afghanistan.
00:28:52As long as Iran is not involved in the peace agreement,
00:28:56no peace will be established in Afghanistan.
00:28:59Interview with Benon Sevan, former UN representative in
00:29:03Afghanistan, who recently passed
00:30:30away. Hello everyone, and welcome to a short news segment. With the continuation
00:30:33of missile attacks by Yemen's Houthis on Saudi
00:30:36Arabia, BP has withdrawn from the international
00:30:40energy conference in Riyadh, and reports indicate the cancellation
00:30:43of attendance by CEOs of several other major oil companies.
00:30:47Yesterday, Riyadh International Airport was again
00:30:50targeted, and now the number of attacks
00:30:54in recent days has reached 14. The Aviation Administration
00:30:57The U.S. on the danger of flying to Saudi Arabia or crossing
00:31:01its airspace.