Google Cloud Speech-to-Text API (Chirp) + Gemini 2.5 Flash Non-Thinking. Treat it as a searchable index of what was broadcast, not a quotation record.
00:00:00he's not here, it's very difficult to say who will
00:00:03control, we again return to the topic of
00:00:07transition from a unipolar to a multipolar world, here it is very
00:00:10important to understand, each state has national
00:00:14interests, including our country, and of course, these, as
00:00:17they say, for each country there are red lines that cannot be crossed,
00:00:21national interests must be observed, but at the same
00:00:25time, the readiness for dialogue indicates that
00:00:28today it is not...
00:00:44the речь about the United Nations, after all, this is a structure that should
00:00:48work to ensure that very global security, not excluding
00:00:52including the SCO. The SCO is not an alternative,
00:00:55the UN, it is what will contribute
00:00:59to the implementation of the common global task of maintaining
00:01:03peace and stability, including in the Eurasian space. Thank you for
00:01:06your answers. Thank you for the invitation. Ruslan Kosygin, about global
00:01:09security challenges. You watched the Blitz program, see you next Thursday.
00:02:36Mechanical engineering is one of the brands of our country,
00:02:40it is important that the heart of each machine works like
00:02:44clockwork. Not every country in
00:02:47the world can afford to produce internal combustion
00:02:50engines, while having a fairly
00:02:54wide range in the power
00:02:57range and a fairly wide application.
00:03:00The engine is considered a complex technical product, as it combines
00:03:04a number of sciences such as gas dynamics,
00:03:07thermodynamics, theory of mechanisms and
00:03:10machines, theory of working processes, all this
00:03:14must be taken into account when developing new
00:03:17designs.
00:03:21My name is Mikhail Kleso, I am the chief designer of the Minsk Motor
00:03:25Plant, and we have been giving movement for over 60
00:03:28years.
00:03:48The decision to build the Minsk Motor Plant was made in
00:03:52the distant 1960 year, and already
00:03:55on July 23, 1963
00:03:59year. by decree of the
00:04:01Council of National Economy of the BSSR, the Minsk Motor Plant was considered
00:04:05partially commissioned with a volume of production of D-50 engines
00:04:09with a capacity of 50 horsepower,
00:04:12with a production volume of 50,000 units
00:04:15per year. Today it is already
00:04:19a whole line of engines, which
00:04:21includes engines with a capacity from 10 horsepower
00:04:25to 300 horsepower with a working
00:04:28volume from 1.6 liters to
00:04:328
00:04:32liters.
00:04:39In the line of the Minsk Motor Plant, there is a fairly wide use
00:04:43of various engines, starting from engines with a working volume from 1
00:04:47liter to 9 liters. In particular, there is a
00:04:50gas-diesel version of our small-liter
00:04:54engines, with Common Rail fuel equipment,
00:04:58designed mainly for
00:05:13marine applications, where strict requirements
00:05:17are imposed on marine registers, so that no
00:05:21rubber products are used in the
00:05:24design, all main
00:05:27elements, oil and fuel supply and return,
00:05:30were used only on metal
00:05:33pipes, also engines designed
00:05:37for diesel generator sets with additional requirements
00:05:41for the possibility of
00:05:49shutdown. designed for tractor applications,
00:05:53automotive applications, also for loaders, well,
00:05:56and other types of equipment, the main
00:05:59application of our engines is tractors of the Minsk
00:06:01Tractor Plant, but despite this, we find
00:06:05time and opportunities to expand the applicability
00:06:08of our manufactured engines, in particular there are also automotive...
00:06:12modifications, industrial modifications, for loaders,
00:06:16for agricultural machinery, off-road machinery, the nomenclature
00:06:19is quite wide, large, every year the line of
00:06:23engines produced by the Minsk Motor Plant grows,
00:06:26new engines are being developed with new displacements,
00:06:29dimensions, with various possibilities of using these
00:06:33engines.
00:06:37as we can see, during this time there has been a significant
00:06:40expansion of the line, which... allowed the use of engines
00:06:44of the Minsk Motor Plant quite widely and
00:06:47diversely, and engines of the Minsk Motor Plant can be
00:06:51found not only on the territory of
00:06:54the former Soviet Union, but beyond its
00:06:57borders.
00:07:00Today, the Minsk Motor Plant is
00:07:04the only manufacturer of engines on the territory of the Republic
00:07:07of Belarus, which gives a certain
00:07:11burden of responsibility. for the developed
00:07:14product, for the newly created
00:07:17product, in order to increase the use
00:07:20of engines on Belarusian equipment, the department of
00:07:24the chief designer has 19 design bureaus today,
00:07:27it is here that the origin begins, the beginning of
00:07:31design, working out different variants
00:07:35possible for complete sets, for design, in
00:07:39the future all these works for...
00:07:54from the piston, some layout solutions for
00:07:58attachments are considered, a preliminary calculation is performed,
00:08:02we moved the oil pump to the side of the cylinder block, now the oil
00:08:06pump is driven through a double
00:08:09intermediate gear, it was possible to resolve the problem.
00:08:12areas in the layout of the dump truck, so now with such
00:08:16a layout everything becomes quite
00:08:20successful.
00:08:23The development process takes a long period of
00:08:27time, it can reach up to a year and a half
00:08:30and even more than a year - this is the process of manufacturing the engine
00:08:33itself. On me, as the chief designer,
00:08:37lies the final decision for the chosen engine
00:08:40design, which... will be put into mass
00:08:44production from those possible options that
00:08:47during the design process are developed
00:08:51by the design bureau.
00:08:57In the experimental workshop, prototype parts are
00:09:01manufactured, which in the future become prototype
00:09:05engines. All engines that
00:09:08are developed by the chief designer's department are manufactured.
00:09:22At the stage of manufacturing prototype parts at the Minsk Motor Plant, there is
00:09:23a 3D printing
00:09:27laboratory, in which forms are
00:09:30manufactured, which are designed
00:09:33for casting both aluminum and
00:09:36cast iron. Currently, we are in
00:09:40the 3D printing laboratory, where sand-polymer forms, they
00:09:42are intended
00:09:45for obtaining castings from aluminum and
00:09:48cast iron, at the moment a mold has been printed for
00:09:52obtaining a casting, a cylinder head
00:09:55cover, an engine with a working volume of 14
00:09:58liters.
00:10:02After the forms are manufactured, they are moved to the aluminum
00:10:06casting shop, where metal is poured,
00:10:08resulting in castings. Good
00:10:12day. Good, how are things going with you, everything
00:10:15is fine, we try not to increase, we try to keep it
00:10:18normal,
00:10:22preserving the defects that are already detected. yes,
00:10:26eliminated, everything is fine, now we are preparing a new
00:10:29batch
00:10:32for processing. In the shop, such
00:10:35main engine parts as the oil pan, distribution
00:10:39cover, collectors, flanges,
00:10:42caps, covers and other products are manufactured. These
00:10:46products are made from four types of aluminum
00:10:49alloy. Depending on the purpose of
00:10:52the parts, the alloy that
00:10:55is necessary for the given design of parts is selected,
00:11:13at the design stage, the designer lays down
00:11:17the material for manufacturing those or other parts, in order
00:11:20to ensure the stated parameters,
00:11:24the main engine parts, such as the cylinder
00:11:27head, have recently been made from
00:11:30high-strength cast iron,
00:11:32this mass of metal, in this place we had a defect,
00:11:36we got rid of it by forming it in casting, we had
00:11:40to add additional
00:11:43-
00:11:46exits for core
00:11:49signs
00:11:51to form
00:11:54this core. Well, according to the results of processing the block,
00:11:57it turned out that this place excludes the presence
00:12:00of cavities, so yes, this decision will probably
00:12:03have to be applied to serial
00:12:05production.
00:12:08We have a foundry production of cast iron castings,
00:12:12which is located in our branch in the city of
00:12:14Stoltsy, where on the basis of this
00:12:17enterprise cast iron castings
00:12:20are produced from gray cast iron, high-strength
00:12:23cast iron. These are parts such as cylinder
00:12:26block, cylinder head, exhaust manifolds, flange for
00:12:30the exhaust manifold, and other products. Then
00:12:33these castings are moved to the shop where
00:12:36mechanical processing takes place, after manufacturing
00:12:40the parts, they are controlled, if the part is suitable, it
00:12:43is moved to the shop where subsequently the assembly
00:12:47of a prototype
00:12:49engine will be performed.
00:13:19We talk about the most fascinating things from the world
00:13:22of science, several punctures, about
00:13:25a couple of millimeters, a camera that sees more than
00:13:29human eyes and robot hands that
00:13:32do not shake, do not get tired, help doctors act with
00:13:36jewelry precision, even with complex diagnoses.
00:13:39What are the main advantages of minimally invasive
00:13:43surgery? Well, in fact, the main advantage
00:13:47is already hidden in the name itself, minimally invasive, it
00:13:51implies small punctures, we share
00:13:55interesting facts, ask the most exciting questions
00:13:59and look for answers to them. That's it, stop, this is filmed,
00:14:03thank you. Rearrangement. Kirill,
00:14:06hello, hello. What film are you currently
00:14:09working on? Well, at the moment we are filming a new
00:14:13adventure thriller detective called
00:14:161991, produced by the National Film Studio
00:14:19Belarusfilm, filming is in full swing. Sounds very interesting, by the way, I also want
00:14:23to star in a movie, but what does it take? Watch the Science
00:14:26Next project on the TV channel Belarus 24.
00:14:55production of castings, both from aluminum and from
00:14:57cast iron, parts go for mechanical
00:15:00processing, depending on the type of parts, they
00:15:04go through different stages of processing, there are simpler
00:15:07parts, there are more complex parts, where the processing
00:15:11time significantly increases and
00:15:14complicates. The main engine part
00:15:17is the cylinder block,
00:15:20there are quite a lot of processing
00:15:24operations.
00:15:26This is a combination of solutions that ultimately
00:15:30allow to obtain
00:15:32the final part, these are milling operations,
00:15:36turning operations.
00:15:38grinding operations, well, and so on, and
00:15:41approximately in experimental production, the manufacture of such
00:15:45a part can take up to
00:15:48six months. After mechanical processing,
00:15:51the assembly stage of the prototype
00:15:55begins.
00:16:05We are in the assembly section of the experimental workshop,
00:16:08where the first prototype engines are manufactured, also in
00:16:12this section, work related to the inspection
00:16:15of engines based on the results of tests is carried out, here
00:16:18weak points are identified,
00:16:21certain decisions are made that allow
00:16:24to refine the design so that the final product,
00:16:28the engines, prove themselves only from the best side.
00:16:32Considering that prototype
00:16:35models are manufactured in small
00:16:38quantities, the requirements for
00:16:42assembly differ from the requirements that
00:16:45are necessary for serial production, therefore all
00:16:48prototype models are made on a conventional
00:16:52stand, and by human hands, putting, one might
00:16:55say, soul into it, the assembly of all our prototype
00:16:59models takes place, the designer constantly participates in
00:17:02accompanying each stage of assembly, personally
00:17:06present at... right up to the point
00:17:07that
00:17:11he provides assistance to the worker,
00:17:15specialist who performs the assembly of the first
00:17:19prototype. Based on the results of parametric tests, a
00:17:22control inspection of the engine is performed with the aim
00:17:25of identifying weak points in
00:17:28the engine. After these
00:17:31works are completed, the engine will be installed on the stand and
00:17:34parametric tests will be performed again. The engine
00:17:38is designed for our foreign partner, it will be
00:17:42installed on
00:17:43equipment
00:17:46related to agriculture, in particular
00:17:48a sprayer.
00:17:53After the assembly of the prototype, the engine
00:17:56is moved to the test boxes, where it undergoes
00:18:00a full cycle of tests. This is also a fairly
00:18:03long process, because lately we have started
00:18:07to apply complex products, such as
00:18:10Common Rail fuel equipment, which requires
00:18:13personalized settings for each engine. This is related
00:18:16to obtaining the necessary characteristics,
00:18:19achieving the best specific indicators.
00:18:22This is work on the ecological class of engines. Every
00:18:26year, environmental requirements are becoming stricter both abroad and
00:18:29in the territory of our customs
00:18:32union. The preliminary tests of the engine of the ecological cluster
00:18:36are being completed.
00:18:38Currently, the effectiveness of exhaust
00:18:41gas neutralizers is being evaluated, and
00:18:44the effectiveness of the fuel equipment is also being checked
00:18:47to achieve the required specific indicators, in particular
00:18:50we strive to significantly reduce specific fuel
00:18:53consumption, while achieving the required environmental class
00:18:56of the engine. So far, the results are preliminary,
00:19:00after processing it will be
00:19:03clear whether we have achieved the target values or not, or
00:19:06if further work is required.
00:19:38for start-up, noise,
00:19:41vibration, operational
00:19:44tests are carried out, according to the results of which
00:19:47the weak points of the engine are identified,
00:19:50it is determined what needs to be improved in the engine
00:19:54so that in more mass
00:19:57production there are no engine failures. In this
00:20:00box, parametric tests
00:20:03of an engine with a working volume of 2.5 liters, a power
00:20:06of 55, are being conducted. The nominal speed is
00:20:082400.
00:20:11The external speed characteristic is being worked out,
00:20:13характеристика,
00:20:15the application of this engine with different
00:20:19fuel equipment settings is being worked out, in particular
00:20:22plunger pairs of different
00:20:25sizes are used, the optimal characteristic
00:20:28is determined, which in the future
00:20:31will ensure reliable operation of this engine
00:20:34in the final product.
00:20:41The designer's task is to correctly select
00:20:44the necessary tolerances for dimensions, so that
00:20:48the engine works, because... it works in different conditions,
00:20:51both cold and hot, while inside
00:20:55the engine temperatures can reach up to
00:20:59700°, all this leaves a certain
00:21:02imprint on the correctness of the chosen
00:21:05clearances, so that the parts are manufactured with certain
00:21:08tolerances, now we are in the climatic
00:21:12chamber, here engine start-up tests
00:21:16are being carried out, in this case it is testing equipment with
00:21:19our. at negative temperatures, a start-up
00:21:23imitation will occur at a temperature
00:21:26of -20°, to see how the engine
00:21:29performs. The task of the tests
00:21:32is to carry out work on starting
00:21:35at negative temperatures on an engine with
00:21:39its balancing mechanism installed.
00:21:43Now we will check
00:21:45all this.
00:21:48An engine that goes into series production
00:21:52is not just an engine, but an engine that has passed the entire
00:21:55complex of tests, at all stages
00:21:59of testing, no remarks
00:22:03were found regarding the engine.
00:22:27These people know how to turn an idea into a business. You
00:22:31are an example, your establishments are in the top 10. Soul is invested
00:22:34in every establishment. In every action, we think through
00:22:38the concept, we think through how our brand will look.
00:22:42The relationship between a person and works of art
00:22:45even change the human genome. You see, that's what
00:22:49specialists from different fields are working on today,
00:22:52but each of them is working on the image of Belarus. We
00:22:56put ornaments on the walls in order
00:22:59to immerse us in the Belarusian
00:23:03culture, in the culture of our region. It's happiness, yes, that
00:23:06I got the opportunity, yes, to touch upon the topic of preserving
00:23:10memory. Leonid Levin invited me to participate in the Red
00:23:13Bank project. What color will the new
00:23:16guest choose? And you insisted on orange. Tell me,
00:23:20well, orange is the color of maximalism, the direction in
00:23:23art with which I work. The palette project with Nina
00:23:26Mozheiko. Watch on Belarus 24 TV channel.
00:23:52Serial production, as well as the manufacture of prototypes,
00:23:56it also begins with similar
00:23:59operations, only if in experimental
00:24:02production it is done on one machine, then in
00:24:05serial production it is already lines that allow the manufacturing
00:24:09time of engines to be significantly reduced,
00:24:12all stages are similar, what needs to be done to produce a block,
00:24:16what needs to be done to produce a cylinder head,
00:24:19what needs to be done to assemble the engine, what
00:24:22needs to be done to run-in the engine, only the run-in
00:24:26takes place in a faster
00:24:28mode, depending on the production
00:24:31volumes, every few minutes an
00:24:35engine rolls off
00:24:37the conveyor.
00:24:40We are on the assembly conveyor of the Minsk Motor Plant,
00:24:44where the assembly
00:24:46of engines with a working volume of 4.75 is taking place.
00:24:50In particular, we are present at the section for laying the cylinder block, where
00:24:54further filling will
00:24:57take place, and at the end of the conveyor we will see the finished
00:25:01result.
00:25:06Depending on the application and specifics
00:25:09of equipment use, there may be different
00:25:12additional units, such
00:25:15as starting heaters for easier starting in
00:25:18cold weather. The year can
00:25:21use additional options, such as
00:25:25installing a compressor-air conditioner,
00:25:28where more comfortable operating conditions for the
00:25:31operator are required on the final product, various
00:25:34options for placing
00:25:37fuel filters, various options for
00:25:40oil pans. One of the important points
00:25:43is the installation of the cylinder head on
00:25:47the engine. This installation occurs.
00:26:03a violation of this moment will lead in
00:26:06the future to possible breakdowns of the
00:26:10gasket, which will negatively affect the engine's
00:26:13performance.
00:26:19Different types of fuel equipment
00:26:22can be used on the engine, it can be just mechanical
00:26:26fuel equipment, it can be with an electronic
00:26:29regulator, it can be fuel...
00:26:34Considering that the Minsk Motor Plant produces a large line of
00:26:37engines, it is important not to confuse
00:26:40and correctly use fuel equipment
00:26:43components, in particular to correctly
00:26:46install the fuel pump, correctly install
00:26:48injectors, correctly use high-pressure
00:26:52lines, correctly install
00:26:55the fine fuel filter, all this
00:26:58requires high attention from employees
00:27:01to observe regulatory
00:27:04work when installing
00:27:07fuel equipment components.
00:27:10Over the years of engine production,
00:27:14we have had many different
00:27:16modifications, both in terms of power
00:27:20and in terms of the design itself, in
00:27:24terms of different engine components.
00:27:27двигателя.
00:27:32This is the final point of the assembly conveyor, but it is not the final point of
00:27:36the product, then the engines go to the break-in
00:27:40station, the painting line,
00:27:43after that the engine is completed and ready for
00:27:46shipment,
00:27:51depending on the consumer's requirements, engines can be
00:27:54painted in different colors, these can be red, and
00:27:58black, and gray, in particular gray color...
00:28:08for painting engines intended for marine registration, there is combined paint, where some parts are painted in
00:28:12one color, some parts are painted in another color, this is
00:28:15particularly used for engines that are intended for
00:28:19refrigerated units, as a rule, we use two paints
00:28:23in serial production, these are
00:28:24black and red.
00:28:32Many enterprises of the Republic of Belarus use engines from the Minsk Motor
00:28:36Plant, and the Minsk Motor Plant
00:28:39constantly works on expanding the
00:28:42range of manufactured engines,
00:28:45which allows to expand
00:28:47the use of our engines on various
00:28:51types of equipment. The plant is completing the manufacture of the first
00:28:54prototype engine with a power of 450
00:28:58horsepower, intended for installation on
00:29:02MTZ 4500 tractors. For
00:29:05the Minsk Motor Plant, this is a fundamentally new
00:29:08development that will soon,
00:29:11after passing the entire complex of tests,
00:29:15begin mass production.
00:29:30It's hard to highlight.
00:30:14What I like about our work is that
00:30:17there are always creative notes that
00:30:21allow you to create, you constantly
00:30:24see that all your ideas are realized in
00:30:27metal, that this product works,
00:30:31that... fewer complaints arise about
00:30:35the quality of manufacture, about the engine design itself,
00:30:39it's very pleasant when engines begin
00:30:43to be used on different types
00:30:45of equipment, I am glad to be part of the team
00:30:49that, from the stage of development to
00:30:52the stage of manufacturing one of the most complex components
00:30:55of a vehicle, works cohesively, always for
00:30:59results.