Google Cloud Speech-to-Text API (Chirp) + Gemini 2.5 Flash Non-Thinking. Treat it as a searchable index of what was broadcast, not a quotation record.
00:00:00The experts are working on the type of
00:00:03technologies will also evidently be something to take into
00:00:06account. Thank you very much, Madam President. If you could also explain
00:00:10in more detail what are the scientific
00:00:12conditions, what are the conditions eh to
00:00:15consider that yes, in certain states like
00:00:18Coahuila and why
00:00:20interested sectors, in not in states like Tampico?
00:00:23Well, Veracruz mainly and the
00:00:26southern part of Tamaulipas, eh.
00:00:30First, the type of
00:00:31ecosystems,
00:00:34the population there, which are densely populated areas
00:00:38and
00:00:41it was considered that due to environmental and social conditions, according
00:00:45to what the experts explained to us, that
00:00:48area should prohibit the exploitation of unconventional
00:00:51gas and start analyzing
00:00:55in the other
00:00:57basins and yes, but I don't know if you want to
00:01:01talk about this, Doctor, or Leti,
00:01:03Doctora
00:01:08no, thanks for the question and and thanks for the President's
00:01:12sensitivity. It was suggested to prohibit
00:01:16exploitation in Tampico Misantla because it is, as the
00:01:19President said, a densely
00:01:22populated area, an area where there is a high indigenous presence,
00:01:26in addition to Veracruz and Tamaulipas. This
00:01:30includes the Huasteca in San Luis Potosí, the Sierra, part of the northern Sierra of
00:01:34Puebla, this population that
00:01:37depends highly on the territory, that
00:01:39has a millennial occupation of the
00:01:44conclusion of territory, this and well, these territories have high
00:01:48environmental, social, cultural value, so that's why we
00:01:52made this suggestion,
00:01:55and we are very happy that it was accepted
00:01:58by the President. Thank
00:02:00you very much,
00:02:03Madam President, was all the
00:02:06international experience on this
00:02:08matter analyzed? Yes, I don't know if anyone wants to comment, if the
00:02:12international experience was analyzed, go ahead.
00:02:25Yes, of course, the best practices of the
00:02:29main countries
00:02:32in that have developed this type of
00:02:35exploitation were analyzed, mainly, of course, the United
00:02:38States, Canada and Argentina,
00:02:41mainly, and and, let's say, the last
00:02:45years, which would be the last 5 years, to see the
00:02:49innovations that have been made in this
00:02:52matter, especially technically, and the
00:02:55innovations that have been made to be able
00:02:57to consider this. let's say the last
00:03:01few years
00:03:03and the innovations that have been made.
00:03:06Thank you very much, finally on this topic,
00:03:09Madam President, I would like to ask if there are environmental risks due to experimental
00:03:12drilling to search for this saltwater, and in case
00:03:16it is extracted, if there are also environmental risks in case
00:03:20it is drilled and not found.
00:03:23Good, good morning again, let's see, no,
00:03:32continue to accompany appropriate technologies
00:03:34these drillings, which we call exploratory
00:03:39just drillings, are not risky in any way, they
00:03:41are wells that are made
00:03:44basin no, in not to extract any type of fluid at the moment, simply to study the geology, the geological
00:03:48formations at depth, to reach saltwater, take some samples
00:03:52support, we'll and analyze the characteristics that saltwater entails, some
00:03:54extraction tests are carried out to
00:03:58determine hydraulic characteristics. but basically during
00:04:01drilling, the intervals of the aquifers
00:04:05that represent the primordial sources of drinking water are
00:04:09sealed, so that, let's say, from the mechanical process of drilling the
00:04:12well, these formations are sealed and integrity is given to the
00:04:16shallow formations and the bottom formations are
00:04:19studied, once it is determined that there is saltwater and its
00:04:23characteristics, a decision will be made on whether
00:04:27that exploratory well is closed or adapted
00:04:30as a well to Thank
00:04:34you very much, Madam President, if you allow me, on another
00:04:38topic, I would like to ask about the rights of the audiences, Madam President,
00:04:42we consider it
00:04:4570% of fundamental to highlight the
00:04:46of 40 molecules, disinformation campaign that has surrounded this consultation, it is also
00:04:50very relevant to emphasize that in its own documents, the
00:04:54Chamber of the Radio and Television Industry unprecedentedly
00:04:58recognizes that these guidelines do not constitute
00:05:02an act of censorship, contrary to what has been
00:05:05disseminated in various spaces. Textually, Madam President, the CIRT
00:05:08in its statement says that it understands that the
00:05:12position of the telecommunications regulatory commission is
00:05:16not to censor, furthermore, the chamber itself
00:05:19added that they understand and support the regulatory
00:05:23mandate to advance on issues of audience
00:05:26protection, eh, therefore, beyond the
00:05:29noise generated by
00:05:33confrontation and even by some media, a
00:05:36unique moment of convergence would be opening
00:05:40up for the benefit of people who consume
00:05:43radio and television content, in this
00:05:46context, Madam President, eh, how could this
00:05:50recognition from the Sirt contribute to consolidating, for the first
00:05:53time in the recent history of the country, a true
00:05:57agenda in favor of the rights of
00:06:00audiences, of the recognition that they are human
00:06:03rights and that many times they have not been respected
00:06:07and have been violated? If you agree, we
00:06:10are going to dedicate today's conference to this
00:06:13topic,
00:06:16eh, this, we have already talked two days or three days about this
00:06:20topic, and there is a lot of debate,
00:06:24eh, this public consultation, the guidelines of the
00:06:27commission and
00:06:30the objective is to guarantee the rights of the audiences and as you rightly
00:06:34say, the very chamber of the radio and television
00:06:37industry has recognized, because it even
00:06:40agreed when the law was voted,
00:06:44so if you agree, today there will be several meetings, not only with the
00:06:48chamber but with other groups,
00:06:52so we will wait until next week for there to be a
00:06:57or this same week maybe tomorrow and if
00:07:00not next week of what the
00:07:04final guidelines would be, from
00:07:07then on the debate can continue without problem, if you
00:07:10agree, thank you very much.
00:07:17Let's see, on the topic, the colleague behind me
00:07:20and then Liz over here after, good morning
00:07:24to all, I am your servant Carlos Pozos, from
00:07:27my channel lormolécula, my first question would be if with
00:07:31this study the scientists
00:07:34can now say that your
00:07:37campaign promise of not using
00:07:41fracking in the extraction of natural gas is being fulfilled, yes,
00:07:45I never said it in the campaign as such, what we have
00:07:48always stated
00:07:50is that what we are looking for is
00:07:54energy sovereignty guaranteeing
00:07:57minimum environmental impacts,
00:08:01that is the and social
00:08:04justice, ultimately that is what we call
00:08:07sustainable development,
00:08:09it
00:08:12is economic development, with social
00:08:15justice and environmental
00:08:18protection. So, within the
00:08:22framework of energy sovereignty,
00:08:25to avoid becoming increasingly
00:08:28dependent on foreign countries, we
00:08:31have publicly opened up the
00:08:35possibility of using unconventional gas in certain areas
00:08:38of the country, where social justice and
00:08:42environmental impacts are guaranteed.
00:08:45Where? Well, for now it has already been said in the
00:08:48Tampico Misantla and no, we will
00:08:51put it, we are going to decree that in that
00:08:57the others it is feasible yes no, first
00:09:00of all, we have to see if there is saltwater in the
00:09:03subsoil before anything
00:09:05else and see the feasibility of even
00:09:09if there is gas,
00:09:12while that happens we cannot say if we continue to advance, that's
00:09:16why we go step by step and in this step
00:09:19is eh
00:09:22to guarantee that these
00:09:25premises are met.
00:09:28Now,
00:09:33we already consume
00:09:35unconventional gas.
00:09:42The... 70%
00:09:45of the gas consumed
00:09:46in Mexico, this light we have
00:09:50here today,
00:09:53if we take it on average,
00:09:58the light that illuminates us in this
00:10:00room comes from unconventional
00:10:02gas,
00:10:05only not from Mexico, but from the United
00:10:07States. That is something
00:10:11fundamental.
00:10:14And many of them are
00:10:16with
00:10:20practices from a long
00:10:23time ago that do not record everything
00:10:26we are considering now, so we
00:10:30already consume it, only it is imported,
00:10:34so within the framework of energy sovereignty, what should
00:10:38we do responsibly? Protect communities, protect
00:10:41people, protect the environment and see
00:10:45if new technologies, new ones, because there is a lot of
00:10:48scientific and technological development on this topic, allow
00:10:52us to produce unconventional gas in Mexico, in certain
00:10:56areas, now what do they tell us, before that,
00:10:59make sure that you are going to take advantage of renewable
00:11:02energy sources, that you are not going to burn gas
00:11:05into the atmosphere,
00:11:07that you are also going to seek the exploitation of conventional
00:11:10gas in Mexico, that you are going
00:11:13to use energy efficiently, so that is what we are putting
00:11:17at your disposal
00:11:19today,
00:11:21and a fundamental part that has been
00:11:26the framework of Mexico's history
00:11:29is sovereignty, and sovereignty
00:11:33requires energy sovereignty, at
00:11:35least
00:11:38to prevent us from becoming increasingly dependent
00:11:41on foreign
00:11:43countries, that is a goal of all countries in the
00:11:46world,
00:11:49look now, if the Dos Bocas refinery
00:11:52had not been built,
00:11:55we would be depending on imported gasoline
00:11:57at a time when
00:12:00there is a shortage
00:12:03of imported gasoline in the world due to the conflict in
00:12:07Iran, how have Japan,
00:12:11South Korea, in short, many
00:12:15countries, India,
00:12:17fared, because it is not as readily
00:12:21available as before, so the same, it is
00:12:25viability for Mexico in the long term, guaranteeing
00:12:28increasingly energy sovereignty,
00:12:31like renewable energy sources, using increasingly
00:12:34efficient energy, guaranteeing the
00:12:37country's development, guaranteeing well-being
00:12:41and seeing other sources guaranteeing minimum
00:12:44environmental impacts. Eh, as a second question,
00:12:48Madam President, Mexico has 181
00:12:52flare sites or... gas
00:12:55flares, mainly in the states of Tabasco, Veracruz and
00:12:59Tamaulipas, simply the Perdiz field in
00:13:02Veracruz burned 559 million
00:13:05cubic meters,
00:13:08eh, would there be an estimate of
00:13:11when Mexico, Pemex could stop having
00:13:15these sites eliminated, these, they presented it here, now,
00:13:19yes, the first
00:13:21slides.
00:13:27Go ahead, go ahead,
00:13:30go ahead, go ahead,
00:13:32go ahead, go ahead,
00:13:36more,
00:13:37more, more,
00:13:41more,
00:13:44there is a slide that says, then, before
00:13:47let's see,
00:13:50before,
00:13:53where is the slide that says. that then comes after
00:13:56let's see, I saw
00:13:58it
00:14:04now
00:14:11what the experts tell
00:14:14us
00:14:16is, if we do nothing and continue
00:14:20importing
00:14:22gas, we will consume in
00:14:252030, oh well, this is in
00:14:27percentage, this growth
00:14:3110 point 10.8 billion
00:14:35cubic feet of gas,
00:14:38if renewable energy sources are used in 22,000 MW, which
00:14:41is a very important figure,
00:14:45the burning in the flares you mentioned
00:14:49will be reduced and a portion of conventional gas
00:14:53will be exploited.
00:14:56Or well, and energy is used efficiently, rather without
00:15:00conventional gas, that is, we would reduce
00:15:04gas in this
00:15:05little bit,
00:15:09and if we increase conventional gas and well, it would increase
00:15:13here, in any case we would no longer depend
00:15:1675% on imported gas, but we
00:15:19would depend 50%, in other words,
00:15:23with all the measures
00:15:26they propose, we would go
00:15:29from depending on the United States
00:15:32for 75% of the gas we consume today to
00:15:3650%.
00:15:38If we still want to reduce
00:15:40that 50%, well
00:15:43then we have to think about
00:15:46unconventional gas, in a responsible
00:15:49way.
00:15:53My third and last question, Madam President, eh, to know
00:15:57if the scientists present here
00:16:00eh have knowledge of what
00:16:04has been talked about for many years, which is the straw
00:16:08effect in the Burgos area,
00:16:11is that extraction by the United States
00:16:15still ongoing through the straw
00:16:18effect in the Burgos area?
00:16:22Does anyone want to comment?
00:16:37Yes. We are talking about the straw effect for unconventional
00:16:39wells, yes, no, I mean, the
00:16:43point is that for unconventional wells,
00:16:47eh, it must be remembered that to obtain the
00:16:51hydrocarbon, it is necessary to stimulate the
00:16:53reservoir, that is, to fracture it, eh, it
00:16:57would not be
00:17:01this, in this case, the
00:17:04well would have to be drilled
00:17:08in Mexican territory,
00:17:11that is, in this case, in U.S.
00:17:14territory, and
00:17:17this would not
00:17:20have to be, it could not
00:17:24be done towards the U.S. towards Mexico,
00:17:27because this and the fracturing would have to have the
00:17:31facilities on this side of Mexico, no, no, it's not
00:17:34possible, that is, it would have
00:17:37here the consequences, let's say, of
00:17:41any superficial part, that is,
00:17:44it would have to have facilities and everything
00:17:47on this side of Mexico, no, no, well, thank
00:17:51you very much, that is,
00:17:55it is important to say,
00:17:57sorry, many times, many of us
00:18:00opposed unconventional gas, because it is important
00:18:04to say it, what changes,
00:18:10because the technologies that were used 10, 15
00:18:14years ago when unconventional
00:18:17gas started, used, perhaps the doctor
00:18:21can tell us the technological change,
00:18:24used very
00:18:26harmful chemicals,
00:18:29used fresh water, did not
00:18:32recycle water, today there
00:18:35are even biodegradable
00:18:37chemicals, so the way unconventional gas was
00:18:41done, many more wells were done than
00:18:45are done now because there are other types of techniques,
00:18:47so what allows us today
00:18:51to evaluate unconventional gas in a different way, than 15,
00:18:55than 10 years ago, well, new technologies
00:18:58have been developed, we are going to do it, well, we are going
00:19:02to start seeing if there is water, if there is gas before
00:19:05anything else and that the experts
00:19:10us to guarantee, when we see
00:19:13if it is technically viable to do it,
00:19:16to consult with the communities in the
00:19:20area and at the same time guarantee that
00:19:23technologies are being used that do not have the
00:19:27environmental impacts of before, I don't know if you want to comment
00:19:30anything regarding the
00:19:31changes, for example, of what is used.
00:19:36Thanks. Madam President, good
00:19:39morning, I am Omar Arellano from the National School of Earth Sciences of the
00:19:43UNAM, eh, I am going to talk, I was in the
00:19:46Impact group and I can talk about the innovations regarding
00:19:50the reduction of chemical substances, as many
00:19:53know, 10, 15 years ago, eh, the
00:19:56fracturing fluid used a large amount of chemical
00:19:59substances that eh, in many
00:20:03cases, caused health and environmental
00:20:06impacts. In recent years, reviewing all the
00:20:09literature, but also consulting
00:20:12colleagues in Canada, in the United
00:20:15States, eh, the number of molecules has been significantly
00:20:18reduced, currently there is a list
00:20:24of which it is clearly identifiable which, for example,
00:20:27can be eh highly toxic, which are not,
00:20:31also what substitutes there are for these highly
00:20:34toxic molecules, so that eh the use of
00:20:38chemical substances in the composition of the fracturing fluid has
00:20:41been significantly reduced and in
00:20:44many of the areas that are currently being drilled in the United
00:20:48States or in Canada, this. is being monitored and
00:20:51controlled for fugitive emissions of many of these
00:20:55molecules and molecules with a higher
00:20:58rate of degradability are being incorporated,
00:21:02which makes them reduce the ecological
00:21:06and potential health risk.
00:21:08Thank you. On the subject,
00:21:12let's see.
00:21:14Comrade,
00:21:18good morning.
00:21:23Good morning, Madam President, good morning to all the panel. My first
00:21:27question would be, is there a
00:21:30country that is already developing what
00:21:33you are doing, or are you the first
00:21:36to have that respect for the
00:21:39environment and extract
00:21:42gas, but with the minimum
00:21:45environmental impact? That would be
00:21:49my.
00:21:54This, thank you again, one of the
00:21:57colleagues who also participated in this group, who was also
00:22:01part of the coordination of this impact group,
00:22:05eh this has
00:22:09information on some of the areas where strategies have been implemented
00:22:12to reduce impacts, one of them is Canada, some of
00:22:16the Canadian areas have greatly reduced the
00:22:20environmental impact, there is also the state of Pennsylvania in the United States
00:22:23with an experience also in the
00:22:26management of waste and the reduction of environmental
00:22:29risks and pollution, so yes there
00:22:32are experiences eh, in fact what
00:22:36is observed through the study we did
00:22:40is that eh for example in the United States there are
00:22:44states where their regulations, their laws,
00:22:46their practices eh are much
00:22:50more eh. that is, they reduce
00:22:53the impact more than in other
00:22:56states, so I believe that the scenarios that we have been
00:23:00proposing for Mexico are eh to take the experiences, the
00:23:03best experiences, the best practices precisely to
00:23:07reduce as much as possible the impacts and environmental
00:23:10risks, which are different things, this
00:23:14for eh well, practices in case this practice
00:23:17occurs, no,
00:23:20thank you. A country like Norway
00:23:23also has many technological anyone else
00:23:26wants to, yes, go ahead.
00:23:35Well, as we also mentioned
00:23:38during the technical evaluation, the development of
00:23:42technologies, including the additives used, has
00:23:45evolved greatly, in fact, the
00:23:48use of, for example, additives of vegetable
00:23:52origin is currently being promoted, which, as
00:23:55Dr. Omar mentioned, are already degradable,
00:23:58they also leave fewer residues, even in
00:24:02this international analysis that Dr. Almamérica mentioned,
00:24:05we evaluated the technologies developed
00:24:08in Argentina, the United States, Canada, and also in
00:24:12China, and well, many also, there is a
00:24:15catalog of offerings that has grown a lot, and
00:24:19eh the selection of
00:24:21will depend on the mineralogy,
00:24:25the type of water used, and the conditions of the
00:24:28reservoirs, so eh there is a catalog that continues
00:24:31to grow, technological innovation continues
00:24:34to work and includes many eh many
00:24:38options, thank you very much, in a
00:24:42second question, eh
00:24:46I would like to know if it is still standing, I was
00:24:49seeing eh the research in
00:24:52the crystal dome and
00:24:54econosphere, this in there
00:24:58is a project by the Secretary of Energy to inject
00:25:02biogas into the gas
00:25:04pipelines, is this still standing
00:25:06to eh take advantage of that, it
00:25:10is called eh Juan
00:25:14biomethane, biomethane, yes, Juan if
00:25:18you want and then.
00:25:24Your permission, Madam President, eh, the
00:25:28development of the regulation is underway to
00:25:31be able to inject biomethane
00:25:35eh for its use in
00:25:38pipelines in general eh eh for the
00:25:41use of natural gas. Biomethane is produced
00:25:44eh from organic matter, special
00:25:48conditions are created for it to
00:25:50be formed. methane gas eh eh which
00:25:53is called eh biomethane, this
00:25:56gas also has some compounds
00:26:00eh of impurities that must be eliminated and once
00:26:04they can be eliminated, they can be injected
00:26:06into the distribution centers eh and the
00:26:10natural gas distribution systems, so well, the regulation is in
00:26:13process, the use of these alternatives
00:26:17is recent for Mexico, so the quality monitoring infrastructure
00:26:21must also be built, that's why all of that is in development, but
00:26:24the Secretary of Energy has also approved permits for the
00:26:27production eh of biogas and its use on site,
00:26:31not for injection into pipelines yet, but for the own consumption of the
00:26:35biogas production centers, thank you very
00:26:39much, and in a last question that has to
00:26:43do with the secretary, well, with energy,
00:26:46the Bank of Mexico and the
00:26:50IMF eh
00:26:53presented their economic
00:26:56growth outlook for Mexico,
00:26:59they raised it from one for
00:27:03this year's GDP from 1.1 to
00:27:071.20, does this have
00:27:11to do with these projects?
00:27:15is considering all these
00:27:18projects that the
00:27:21energy sector in Mexico, its
00:27:23government, has, remember that I
00:27:27told you that in the second half of the year we would do better
00:27:30because the
00:27:34infrastructure contracted with public works, such
00:27:37as public works, is advancing, that is,
00:27:40highways,
00:27:42energy, trains,
00:27:46water mainly,
00:27:50mixed investments, which are essentially
00:27:53public investment, using part
00:27:56of private resources, from
00:28:00a scheme where the concession
00:28:03is not given for highways, for
00:28:06energy, for
00:28:09essentially highways and energy,
00:28:11and private projects
00:28:15that are being developed,
00:28:19in addition to housing, housing production is generating a very
00:28:22important boost in economic growth, so
00:28:26all this has to do with this approach, remember that
00:28:30energy before, as private participation
00:28:35electricity generation was done, someone said
00:28:38I have an x project in such
00:28:40a place, they went and presented it to the
00:28:43energy regulatory commission, the energy
00:28:47regulatory commission gave them a permit, then
00:28:50they could start their
00:28:53process,
00:28:55many of the projects, even renewable energy,
00:28:59were not very profitable and also generated.
00:29:04Mexico is a free, independent and
00:29:07sovereign country. For years, neoliberal
00:29:11governments surrendered to foreign interests above
00:29:14those of the people. Today, with the fourth transformation, there is
00:29:18cooperation between countries, but without subordination, because Mexico
00:29:21is respected and the destiny of our nation is
00:29:25decided by us Mexicans. The homeland and
00:29:28sovereignty are defended. Morena, the hope of Mexico.
00:29:34It's not easy to understand what you feel, sadness,
00:29:37anger, fear, pressure, feeling
00:29:41is not weakness, it's part of living, talking about what's
00:29:45happening to you can help you name what you're
00:29:48experiencing, and when someone listens to you, everything
00:29:52changes, if you need
00:29:54accompany you, contact the life line 800
00:29:57vida 800
00:29:599001.
00:30:02of Mexico, these mixed projects already
00:30:06represent about 800, no 800
00:30:08megawatts, so for now there are about 12,000, we have to reach 22, there is a part that is
00:30:12from the CFE itself, CFE is
00:30:16also building its own renewable energy generation
00:30:20plants, from green hydrogen to
00:30:23geothermal to solar energy, wind
00:30:27energy, so
00:30:30with all this and there's still another part to reach what they
00:30:33recommend, which is 22 gigawatts of
00:30:37renewable energy, so all this will obviously help
00:30:41economic growth, today an article comes out in The
00:30:44Economist, by the way, that says what I
00:30:47have said here, economic growth is not everything, I don't
00:30:50just say it because scientists and
00:30:54social economists know it, the important thing is that there is
00:30:57distribution of wealth and social justice.