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00:00:00significant profits. In 2024,
00:00:03Ukraine earned over 167 million
00:00:07dollars from honey, which was the highest figure in the last
00:00:10decade. But in the same year, the EU
00:00:13renewed duties and quotas on Ukrainian honey. How
00:00:17the regulatory policy of the European Union moderates the development of the industry,
00:00:20how the situation can be changed by the New EU Agreement with Mercosur
00:00:24countries and what post-war prospects
00:00:27beekeeping has, we will discuss this first. The guest
00:00:30of the program Eduard Krychfalushiy,
00:00:34an expert in the honey industry, is also the business director and owner
00:00:38of the Ukrainian Honey Group, the companies Organic Export and
00:00:42Med Ukraine, which have been operating in the market for more than 10 years and are
00:00:45among the leading exporters of Ukrainian
00:00:48honey to EU countries, as well as the USA and
00:00:52Japan. Today, the company's products are available in almost
00:00:55all retail chains in Ukraine. Their net profit
00:00:59last year was over 7 million UAH. In
00:01:022024, Med Ukraine debuted at
00:01:05the world's largest exhibition of organic food and
00:01:09beverages Biofach in Germany. Eduard
00:01:12Krychfalushiy is also a board member of the Association
00:01:15of Exporters and Producers of Honey
00:01:18of Ukraine. So, on the line from Kyiv is the director of Med
00:01:22Ukraine, Eduard
00:01:31export-oriented. The industry has remained stable throughout all years
00:01:35of the full-scale invasion, and yet, according to the State Customs
00:01:38Service, honey exports from Ukraine in 2025,
00:01:42compared to 2024, decreased by
00:01:4440%. What are the reasons for such a
00:01:48significant drop in exports? First of
00:01:51all, it must be said that
00:01:54honey is a product of nature, and it depends very much not only on
00:01:58the activities, the desire of exporters or the desire
00:02:01of beekeepers, it depends on
00:02:03whether
00:02:05the harvest was sufficient, whether the harvest
00:02:09was bad, or whether the harvest was
00:02:12good? The harvest year 2025
00:02:16was very bad, Ukraine
00:02:19collected
00:02:22very few monofloral honey, premium
00:02:25honey, some varieties
00:02:28were not collected at all. The figures that we have today,
00:02:32as Ukraine, as an export industry,
00:02:35are even optimistic, or
00:02:38rather, they are quite good compared to the harvest
00:02:42that we actually predicted or felt that
00:02:45we had in 2025. In
00:02:492021, its most
00:02:51productive year, Ukraine produced a record
00:02:5595 thousand tons of honey, which accounted for
00:02:596% of the total
00:03:01global volume, but even during the war, the country stably
00:03:05maintains its position in the top five world
00:03:08honey exporters and ranks first in
00:03:11Europe in terms of its production. In
00:03:142024, it exported over
00:03:1786 thousand tons of this
00:03:20high-quality product to the EU. We see a record
00:03:24export of honey due to the abolition
00:03:27of export restrictions on the European
00:03:30market, and in
00:03:332024, beekeepers earned
00:03:36170 million
00:03:39dollars, which is approximately 7%
00:03:42of the total agricultural export, and all this despite the fact that during
00:03:46Russia's full-scale war against Ukraine, according to experts,
00:03:49almost 10% of registered apiaries were lost, and before
00:03:52the war there were more than 44 thousand
00:03:56with two million bee colonies. Some apiaries remained in
00:04:00the occupied territories, some were destroyed as a result of hostilities.
00:04:03The south of Ukraine, which was the most honey-rich,
00:04:07honey-producing region, if we can say so, Mykolaiv, Kherson
00:04:10regions, Donetsk, Luhansk, these are regions
00:04:13where a lot of sunflowers were grown,
00:04:17there was a lot of honey, but now these regions
00:04:20are empty, frontline zones also still, many
00:04:24beekeepers have left, apiaries
00:04:27are destroyed, but even where they physically... survived,
00:04:30beekeepers work in conditions of constant danger. Military
00:04:34actions lead to the deterioration of the environment, the loss of green
00:04:38territories, which directly affects the health of bees
00:04:41and the volume of honey. Pesticides are also a challenge
00:04:45for beekeepers. Some Ukrainian farmers continue
00:04:48to use more than a hundred pesticides allowed in Ukraine,
00:04:52but banned in the European Union. These dangerous
00:04:56substances can lead to the death of bees, weakening.
00:05:13Well, they clearly, some flew away, some, there were
00:05:1618 strong families, 18 and all
00:05:20disappeared, beekeepers also say that in recent years
00:05:23fields are increasingly less sown with nectar-producing
00:05:26crops, according to their estimates, the reduction of the honey-bearing
00:05:30base already leads to losses of about
00:05:3310% of honey production volumes, and the continuation
00:05:36of this trend can significantly weaken Ukraine's
00:05:40export honey resource, in addition...
00:05:42The weather in Ukraine in recent years has been extremely unfavorable for
00:05:46beekeeping. Spring frosts, summer droughts,
00:05:49temperature fluctuations, the industry suffered from serious
00:05:52climatic anomalies, which also affected
00:05:55honey collection. But, despite the problems, Ukrainian
00:05:59beekeeping continues to rely on the experience
00:06:02of beekeepers, export demand, and the country's natural
00:06:05potential. And as assured by the Union
00:06:08of Beekeepers of Ukraine, in 2026,
00:06:11Ukraine will indeed have honey. Currently, the collection
00:06:15of rapeseed honey is underway, followed by acacia, then linden,
00:06:18buckwheat, sunflower, until September. In total, this
00:06:22year beekeepers plan to collect up to 80
00:06:25tons of honey, most of which will traditionally go
00:06:29for export to European
00:06:31consumers. The European market is
00:06:35dependent on honey imports. The EU does not
00:06:38provide itself with this product independently, and Ukraine is one of
00:06:41the closest countries with its large production,
00:06:44so perhaps that is why since October last year the EU has nevertheless updated
00:06:47the rules, increasing the honey quota for Ukraine from 6
00:06:51thousand tons to 35,000.
00:06:54The relevant ministry expects solid foreign currency revenues to the
00:06:58state budget, what could prevent
00:07:01this? Well, first of all, it must be said that
00:07:04the liberalization of trade,
00:07:07which brought
00:07:10increased tariffs.
00:07:13restrictions, they indeed give more
00:07:16opportunities for competition for the Ukrainian market
00:07:19in the European market, but it is also very important
00:07:23that not only Ukrainian
00:07:25honey, and it is not the largest in terms
00:07:29of consumption or import, not consumption, but
00:07:33import to European, to the European market,
00:07:37and we can only say that
00:07:40thanks to the fact that...
00:07:44duty-free import to the European Union for Ukrainian
00:07:47honey has increased, the European consumer will receive
00:07:50more quality product, as Ukraine
00:07:54will replace,
00:07:55will replace
00:07:59less quality players that are currently
00:08:02present in the European market, therefore, from the point of view of the European
00:08:05consumer, this is very good, from the point of view
00:08:08of the Ukrainian producer, this is also
00:08:12a strategic... partnership is also a constant,
00:08:15constant buyer and planning opportunities in the
00:08:18long-term perspective, building
00:08:21long-term strategies. Since
00:08:24May 1st this year, an agreement on free trade between the EU and
00:08:27Mercosur countries has entered into force.
00:08:31Honey is on the list of goods to which
00:08:33this agreement applies. Argentina and Brazil are among
00:08:37the leading world honey exporters. Uruguay is
00:08:40also significant. Paraguay, although not among
00:08:44the world's leading leaders in this industry, also exports
00:08:48honey. How will this affect the redistribution
00:08:51of the European market and will it affect Ukrainian exports
00:08:55to Europe, in your opinion? Of course it will affect it, because
00:08:58well, what happened with Ukrainian, or rather the
00:09:02opportunities that opened up for Ukrainian honey
00:09:06with the increase in the quota, the same opportunities will open up for Mercosur
00:09:09countries, that is, we understand that...
00:09:12the competitiveness of honey in the European market
00:09:16will increase, er, here
00:09:19it is very important that the competitiveness is based on
00:09:21quality, because all these er
00:09:25tariff and non-tariff restrictions lead to price
00:09:29er confrontations, price
00:09:32competition, and this is quite
00:09:35a critical moment when
00:09:38the producer needs to guarantee
00:09:42quality. But it is necessary to reduce or
00:09:45to be competitive in price and try
00:09:49to be competitive. Ah, yes, this
00:09:53leads to the need for efficiency, the need
00:09:56for improvement, of their,
00:10:00production processes,
00:10:03production, equipment, in order
00:10:06to be competitive. We are in the global market, we
00:10:10are not, we are not an independent player. We will not
00:10:13compete, Ukraine will not compete with
00:10:16pseudo-honeys or honeys of unknown
00:10:20origin, we are forced to compete with
00:10:24and will with leading
00:10:27producers in the world, and Mercosur countries
00:10:31are those leading producers, yes, they get more access to
00:10:34the European market, yes, we will meet, our
00:10:36importers will meet their
00:10:40offers, will meet their quality, and then there will be a battle
00:10:44for the end consumer, who will win, which honey
00:10:46is the best and which taste?
00:10:49Ukrainian, Ukrainian,
00:10:52undoubtedly, and how does it differ, how would you briefly explain,
00:10:56we are, in fact, responsible producers,
00:10:59who primarily talk about quality, a large
00:11:03agricultural area, great opportunities for collecting
00:11:06nectar, er, quite developed
00:11:09beekeeping, culture, honey
00:11:13production, ah, technologies that are currently
00:11:17used for processing, which Ukraine possesses, and
00:11:21er, this is a fact.
00:11:25and factors that Ukraine will be and is a worthy
00:11:28player, our quality today
00:11:32is uncompromising,
00:11:34and in many, in many countries Ukrainian honey
00:11:38occupies a sufficiently significant,
00:11:41significant percentage in blends
00:11:45with other countries. In one of your interviews, you said
00:11:49that the export market, like a vacuum cleaner, it can
00:11:52completely suck out all Ukrainian honey, and Ukrainians themselves
00:11:56love honey, on average one adult eats more than
00:12:00a kilogram of honey per year, so is there a honey deficit in the domestic market
00:12:03due to high exports, export,
00:12:06export, er,
00:12:10purchasing offers that are currently
00:12:13present in the Ukrainian market,
00:12:16led to the fact that Ukrainian consumers
00:12:19are forced to pay European, and even
00:12:22higher prices for a
00:12:26kilogram of honey produced in
00:12:30Ukraine, yes we try to maintain
00:12:33the retail price in
00:12:36a controlled corridor, but
00:12:40in fact it is very difficult,
00:12:42no one wants to sell at a loss
00:12:46or at a minus, having opportunities to export,
00:12:49and we as an exporter, we as
00:12:52a player in the domestic market, having... both options in
00:12:56one balance, we also have a difficult choice,
00:13:00where to sell to the European market with a premium
00:13:03or to the Ukrainian market at a loss. The average price range
00:13:07for honey in Ukraine is 300 to 450
00:13:10UAH, so for a liter for most varieties, since
00:13:142022 prices have tripled,
00:13:16and what specifically caused it, besides
00:13:20what you just said, that obviously it's better
00:13:23to always get a better
00:13:27price, what influences these
00:13:30increases and will this trend continue,
00:13:33the ceiling price is the world
00:13:37price, if
00:13:40the honey market, the market, the market
00:13:43of production, unfavorable weather conditions, human
00:13:46activity,
00:13:48wars, will affect production
00:13:51and there will be a shortage, this
00:13:55product cannot be produced by man, it cannot,
00:13:58or the one that can be produced will not meet
00:14:01the characteristics of a healthy
00:14:04product,
00:14:06this will lead to further price increases,
00:14:10there is no other option here, are we at the peak today,
00:14:13I think so, the consumer has not yet received
00:14:17sufficient income and is not receiving such an increase
00:14:20in income, he cannot afford
00:14:23to move further
00:14:26up, but this is a market, this
00:14:30is the ratio of prices, supply and demand. This year's
00:14:33first harvest, the so-called May honey,
00:14:37will soon appear on sale, and it is
00:14:40this spring honey that experts call the most
00:14:43falsified, why, what percentage
00:14:46of falsified products ends up on store shelves, and can
00:14:50it be said that in Europe it is less than in Ukraine? Here
00:14:53we need to understand what... what you call falsification,
00:14:56because the most common thing
00:14:59that can
00:15:02be linked to May honey
00:15:05is when it has the botanical origin
00:15:09of acacia honey under the guise of May honey,
00:15:12there is not much difference between
00:15:15the tastes and physical characteristics of
00:15:18May and acacia honey, and
00:15:22for the end consumer,
00:15:25this difference may not
00:15:28be very noticeable, and
00:15:31the substitution of
00:15:35May honey or acacia
00:15:37honey, or rather vice versa, acacia
00:15:40honey with May honey, is a very common phenomenon, if we
00:15:43are talking about falsification by replacing
00:15:46it with artificial sugars, then I am
00:15:49forced to say that in Ukraine, fortunately, we
00:15:53do not have any problems with this, because all
00:15:56falsifications that occur, occur outside
00:15:59the Ukrainian market, Ukraine, fortunately, does not have
00:16:02access to the global honey market and the possibility
00:16:06of importing honey. to Ukraine are
00:16:09closed, we do not have access to these
00:16:13admixtures, to these honeys, not,
00:16:16not, of unnatural origin, and
00:16:20the possibility of falsifying Ukrainian honey on
00:16:23the territory of Ukraine is absolutely non-existent, what
00:16:26is controlled is very, very, very well controlled
00:16:30by the buyer himself, no Polish buyer, no
00:16:34German buyer, no global buyer...
00:16:37does not buy honey without appropriate verification of its
00:16:41authenticity, of its origin, geographical with
00:16:44all indicators. Today
00:16:48there is a sufficiently large, large range
00:16:51of analytical methods that allow
00:16:54to determine whether er honey
00:16:58contains er admixtures of artificial
00:17:01syrups or not,
00:17:04and I want to say that, well...
00:17:07the problem should be sought outside
00:17:19traditionally buy honey not in stores, but directly from beekeepers, or
00:17:23at markets or through acquaintances, and just like Poles, if I want
00:17:27to buy honey at a supermarket, what
00:17:29should I pay attention to, how do I distinguish
00:17:32good honey from
00:17:35worse, real honey, say, from,
00:17:39perhaps not, because all jars of honey say
00:17:43natural honey always, you, if you look at your consumer
00:17:46basket, you will find there items from other
00:17:49products of which you are a regular consumer, and if you ask yourself
00:17:53how you became such a regular consumer there, whether
00:17:56it's milk, or sour cream, or perhaps some bread, the same thing should
00:18:00happen with honey,
00:18:03er, trust in the producer, er, which is built
00:18:08over years, in my opinion, this
00:18:11is key, yes, there are many
00:18:13players in the market, many,
00:18:16but that doesn't mean anything, among them
00:18:20there are good players, these can
00:18:23be farmers with a small farm store, these can be
00:18:26craft products, these can be industrial
00:18:30packers,
00:18:32I am sure that among all these positions there are both good ones and
00:18:35positions that have opportunities for improvement
00:18:39100%. Price is not
00:18:42decisive
00:18:44in your choice, neither the cheapest nor
00:18:48the most expensive, this is not, this will not mean that
00:18:52it is the worst or the best, uh-huh, from this year in
00:18:55the EU new rules began to apply, according to which the country
00:18:59of origin of honey must be clearly indicated on
00:19:01the label, and I don't know if there are such rules in Ukraine
00:19:05at all and if Ukraine is ready for those,
00:19:08yes, for those EU rules, well, then, please
00:19:12tell me, do you know how many
00:19:15labels will now feature the word
00:19:19Ukraine, if we are the second supplier in terms of
00:19:22consumption volume in the European market, then I want to say that we
00:19:26should be on at least every second jar,
00:19:29er placed, placed on
00:19:33the shelves of European supermarkets, we must be
00:19:36indicated as by origin, the question is whether
00:19:39this will happen, well, this is a question for the operators, for the end
00:19:43operators who, who, who produce, what alarmed me in these new
00:19:47rules is that if honey is mixed, i.e., from several countries, on
00:19:50the label there will be a clear list of all these countries
00:19:54of origin, and now we are only beginning to understand, as
00:19:57consumers, that one jar of honey can
00:20:01be a mixture from China, India, Ukraine, can
00:20:04that be, or is this a normal practice. that it is
00:20:08so heavily mixed, let's, why is it so, explain,
00:20:11it is so, but I want to say that it should
00:20:14not be so, it should not be so, I very often, I very often
00:20:18compare honey by product with
00:20:21er wine, we have
00:20:24red wine that has different
00:20:28varieties, there is Cabernet, there is
00:20:31Merlot, there is Sangiovese, there is
00:20:33Pinot Noir, and then all these and a large number
00:20:37of others, and then all these varieties have
00:20:39geographical, some are from South
00:20:43Africa, others are from Chile, and a third is
00:20:46from Bordeaux, and Sangiovese from Piedmont, and all
00:20:50have different prices and different tastes, have we ever drunk with you
00:20:54Bordeaux, Piedmont, Sangiovese, there
00:20:57is Merlot, Chile, plus Italy, plus France Bordeaux, no, we
00:21:00haven't, why is this happening with honey? Well, I
00:21:04want to say, this is a bad practice, because Ukrainian honey in
00:21:07its, in its monofloral
00:21:10performance, it has predominant, predominant taste
00:21:14characteristics, why is it used in blended
00:21:17mixtures, in order to improve... cheaper,
00:21:21more or less quality
00:21:25honeys and achieve a competitive
00:21:38mostly. It does not enter the market with specific
00:21:41brands. Your colleagues call the situation
00:21:45temporarily acceptable, but strategically
00:21:48unprofitable. As in every industry, please explain why,
00:21:52here I want to say that we are just
00:21:55referring, I am talking now mostly about myself, about my
00:21:59company, yes we today supply
00:22:03more than half of the volume we produce,
00:22:06already retail packaged product with added value,
00:22:10uh-huh, er, Ukraine, Ukraine will
00:22:14increase processing capabilities.
00:22:18creating a product with added value and entering
00:22:21sales markets, here it is necessary to understand that
00:22:25ah, this is not just honey anymore, because when you
00:22:28enter the retail shelf
00:22:31market, then it's not just about
00:22:34price, here it's already about
00:22:38marketing, here it's already about distribution, here it's already about
00:22:42various sales programs, about
00:22:45operational activities in the end markets. and a very
00:22:49large number of things that today the
00:22:52operators, Ukraine, the industry, perhaps,
00:22:55it's not yet time for this, given the situation
00:22:59in which Ukraine is today,
00:23:02but I am 100% sure that the Ukrainian industry
00:23:05will go this way. In Ukraine, most
00:23:09honey producers are private, before the war about
00:23:132000 beekeepers were
00:23:15employed in beekeeping, those farms whose honey went into
00:23:19industrial processing.
00:23:24How has the statistics changed during
00:23:26the war, please tell me, and how is the logistics built, this path
00:23:30from a private apiary to a barrel, for export
00:23:33or for the shelves of Ukrainian supermarkets.
00:23:36Beekeepers, also people, also
00:23:39lived, live, or lived
00:23:42in the occupied territories left, or
00:23:45live in territories that suffered
00:23:49aggression. military actions, beekeeping
00:23:52has decreased, that's a fact, movement capabilities, we are talking about
00:23:56not amateur beekeepers, with two-four hives,
00:23:59we are talking about beekeepers who can and can produce
00:24:02some industrial volumes, and this is already
00:24:05the need for movement, this is already the need for placing nomadic
00:24:09apiaries, this also today has very large
00:24:12restrictions, regarding night movement across
00:24:16Ukraine, the availability of workers,
00:24:20it's not only the beekeeper who works during this period, he hired
00:24:24several people to help during the main
00:24:26honey flow. Beekeeping is going through a difficult time,
00:24:30we are going through a difficult time, as honey, honey
00:24:34operators. What will be the development of beekeeping, I can only
00:24:37say here, this is force majeure, this is war, and
00:24:41we can stop supplying this honey tomorrow in one
00:24:44day, or we can change
00:24:47the direction of development and... and return
00:24:51the unlost, lost volume of production, we keep
00:24:55our fingers crossed only for the second option, thank you very much
00:24:58for for working so hard
00:25:01and really caring about
00:25:04beekeeping, I met at fairs Transcarpathian honey from
00:25:08blueberries, so-called yafin honey,
00:25:11also honey from Ivan-tea, or for example coriander honey from
00:25:15Podillia, this is called craft
00:25:18honeys, how much of it is on the market and can it become
00:25:22a highlight of Ukrainian agricultural exports?
00:25:25I am skeptical about whether it has the potential
00:25:29to be more popular than acacia or
00:25:32linden or buckwheat, we call these honeys niche
00:25:36honeys, they have their consumer,
00:25:40but there won't be enough
00:25:44of them to be able
00:25:46to.
00:26:02to challenge some trendy world trends for
00:26:06its market? it's difficult to answer
00:26:09this question yes, because we depend on the
00:26:13botany, on the organic matter that grows in
00:26:16Ukraine, and we will be sellers, we will
00:26:19be producers and sellers of those
00:26:22varieties, those plants, that botany, which
00:26:25well, which already exists, which is known, and
00:26:28well, unless the climate changes and we
00:26:31excuse me. will start growing there, well, I don't know, some
00:26:35subtropical crops, and we will be able to harvest something else, but
00:26:38we will continue to produce acacia honey, we will
00:26:42continue to produce linden, buckwheat honey, we
00:26:45will produce rapeseed and
00:26:48sunflower honey, this is what will be noticeable in world
00:26:51trade. Mr. Eduard, our program
00:26:54is called reconstruction, and in your opinion, how should
00:26:58the industry be transformed in post-war reconstruction
00:27:01to be attractive to investments, profitable,
00:27:05with great potential for development. It exists, it will exist,
00:27:08the restrictions that the war imposes today,
00:27:12they are exactly those restrictions. I am 100%
00:27:15sure that in the absence of force majeure,
00:27:19force majeure risks for foreign partners,
00:27:21investors, we would have a completely different size
00:27:25and completely different indicators of our
00:27:51annually, why does the EU invest huge funds to support
00:27:54beekeeping, up to 20 thousand tons, Poland
00:27:58is a leading producer of honey in the EU, but is
00:28:01that enough? for meeting domestic
00:28:04demand. Up to 46%
00:28:08of honey imported into the EU is adulterated. What
00:28:12measures is the European Commission taking and are they considered effective
00:28:16in Poland? 45 thousand tons
00:28:19over 5 years. How can the new EU agreement with Mercosur countries
00:28:23affect the European honey
00:28:26market? According to Fortune
00:28:29Business Inside, the global honey market volume
00:28:33will reach 10.5 billion
00:28:36dollars in 2026, and in just 10 years this amount could double.
00:28:40What share of this progressive market does
00:28:43Poland occupy, what new challenges might
00:28:47Polish beekeepers face this year, and what unique
00:28:51innovations are they implementing? We will ask
00:28:53our guest in the studio. Waldemar Kudla, Vice-President
00:28:57of the Polish Beekeeping Association, founded and manages
00:29:01a private company producing honey with a mobile
00:29:04apiary of 60 hives. Since 2012,
00:29:07he has held the position of head of the Legnica Land Beekeepers'
00:29:11Union. Since then, he has been a co-organizer
00:29:13of the Lower Silesian Honey and Wine Festival in Przemków,
00:29:17the largest beekeeping event in Poland. Since
00:29:202022, he has been the head of the Beekeeping Group
00:29:24at the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of
00:29:27Poland, and is also the president of the Federation of Beekeeping
00:29:30Organizations Apislavia, which unites 18 countries
00:29:34of Eastern Europe and Central
00:29:36Asia. So, in the studio is the Vice-President of the Polish
00:29:40Beekeeping Association, Waldemar
00:29:55beekeeping for the European economy and food security is
00:29:59critical, without exaggeration.
00:30:02It is enough to mention that about 80%
00:30:06of crops and wild plants in the EU depend on pollination
00:30:09by bees,
00:30:11and this brings the EU economy at least 15
00:30:15billion euros annually, meaning that bees
00:30:18are not only producers of honey, but also the foundation
00:30:21of agricultural sustainability and biodiversity
00:30:24conservation. Exactly, here I would only
00:30:28clarify one thing: Pollinating insects are not only
00:30:31bees. However, the bee plays a leading role among
00:30:34pollinating insects, because it creates huge
00:30:37colonies. Colonies that are already ready for
00:30:41work in early spring, for pollination, for
00:30:43contributing to larger harvests,
00:30:47and these harvests are indeed much, much
00:30:50more. For example, for rapeseed they can increase the yield
00:30:53by approximately 30%. For
00:30:56some plants, for example, raspberries by
00:30:58100%. But a bee or another insect is needed.