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00:00:00Hamilton, tonight at 10:05 PM on Etv
00:00:03Plus.
00:00:08He knows every dirty secret locked in the cloud, against him
00:00:12the government, the police, newspaper headlines, against
00:00:16them one enter button, and he's about to
00:00:19press it. David Tennent against all of Britain.
00:00:22Hacking, watch on Jupiter
00:00:24Plus.
00:01:01New week, new beginning, hopefully
00:01:05everyone is in line. In the studio is Alexander Zhemzhurov, this is the Horizon program and we
00:01:08are starting.
00:01:09Watch
00:01:15today in the program Horizon. Chocolate and
00:01:18buns are not encouraged, dishes are almost not
00:01:21salted. We will talk about the peculiarities of modern school menus with
00:01:24nutritionist, Alexandra
00:01:27Gagen.
00:01:40About literary achievements, the art of translation and Russian literature
00:01:43in Europe, we will talk with a scholar guest from
00:01:46Germany.
00:01:49The inauguration of Yulia Madise took place, the head of state
00:01:52is forming her apparatus: in Estonia a new president has been elected,
00:01:56and the new president begins work with a new team. Who are these
00:02:00presidential advisers, what do they advise, we decided
00:02:03to ask them ourselves. Our reporter Artur
00:02:07Tyulenev talked with presidential advisers and learned
00:02:10about the intricacies of their work.
00:02:15New requirements are being introduced in school canteens:
00:02:18less salt and less sugar. And now the cooks have started
00:02:22complaining that the food is becoming bland, and schoolchildren,
00:02:25imagine, even bring salt shakers from home
00:02:29and sprinkle a little salt on it themselves. We will discuss
00:02:33this topic today with a nutritionist, we have Alexander Gagin in the studio,
00:02:36hello, good evening, good evening, well whose side are you on, should food be tasty
00:02:40and salty, or should food be healthy and bland, food
00:02:44should be healthy and slightly salted, let's
00:02:47talk about the horrors of salt, why are we so afraid of it, what
00:02:51is its harm? In fact, we are afraid of an excess of salt,
00:02:55not salt as such, this is what we should really
00:02:58beware of. Because, unfortunately, an excess of salt, yes,
00:03:02it affects the body as a whole and the retention
00:03:06of fluid, it can affect the kidneys,
00:03:09people prone to higher arterial pressure
00:03:12will also, unfortunately, in this
00:03:15situation suffer somewhat, for example, the pressure on their kidneys will
00:03:19increase, that is, salt is a product that in
00:03:22fact is not an enemy to our body, not
00:03:25foreign, that is, if we compare it with other
00:03:29products, water salt is something that our body
00:03:33accepts as its own, everything else is already
00:03:36foreign, so salt in certain amounts
00:03:40helps the movement of fluid, for example, in tissues,
00:03:43why after we have eaten something sweet
00:03:47do we crave something salty, yes, very often
00:03:50such situations arise, because
00:03:53for - well, as a means of transport, let's
00:03:56say, for glucose,
00:04:00sugars, salt also, sodium can play a certain role, you
00:04:04should not be afraid of it, you should be friends with it, well,
00:04:07can you, let's say, slightly restructure yourself, re-educate yourself, I
00:04:11remember once I was on diets and also
00:04:15reduced salt, sugar, and after that
00:04:18any slightly salted thing seemed just oversalted to me,
00:04:22oversalted, yes, how difficult is it
00:04:25for a child, for example, to restructure their receptors, how long does this period
00:04:28take in time, well, it varies.
00:05:00There is quite a lot of salt in different
00:05:03semi-finished products, in sausages, in ham, in
00:05:06fast food, in different snacks, in chips, it
00:05:10is everywhere, that is, hidden salt is that which, well, we don't understand, right, that
00:05:13this food, but it is not sprinkled with salt, right, we don't visually
00:05:17see that salt is present, but we
00:05:20feel it, I know that you are a specialist in packaging,
00:05:23how to find this salt on the package, what to pay attention to, there are
00:05:27two places where the composition will be
00:05:31indicated on the package,
00:05:33one of them, one of these places, is a table with nutritional
00:05:36substances, the very bottom line in this table is always
00:05:40salt, that is, it indicates how much salt
00:05:44is contained per 100 grams of product, and
00:05:47there is also a list, it is usually written in lines like this, salt
00:05:51is also necessarily indicated there, and you should
00:05:54- well, it is desirable to choose products where salt will
00:05:57be placed well, literally at the end of this list
00:06:00of ingredients, that is, we look not at the amount, let's say,
00:06:03of salt, but so that it stands in this grid there and there - we
00:06:07look and in the list so that it is closer to the end, in
00:06:11the table we look at how much. Because the list shows us
00:06:14the product that is most
00:06:17involved, it is in the first place and goes in descending order, uh-huh,
00:06:21how much salt can you eat in a day, well, I understand that
00:06:25for each product there is as much salt as
00:06:28is necessary according to the recipe, well, how much can we, as humans, as a species,
00:06:32eat salt, there are norms, well, they are a bit floating, that is,
00:06:36I would say that adequate, well, it's about one teaspoon, uh-huh.
00:06:40Well, that's adequate, I understand that there are
00:06:42norms that give us a little more option,
00:06:45but still I would - not cross this
00:06:49line too much, well, can you, I don't know, if we ate
00:06:52too much salt, I don't know, well, they say if you ate a lot of sweets, go to
00:06:56the gym, then burn calories with salt, does it also work like that, I don't know, drink
00:07:002 liters of water, then can you somehow just expel it from the body,
00:07:04I wouldn't say that you need to go
00:07:07and wash it down with large amounts of water, you can
00:07:11slightly increase water intake relative
00:07:14to how much we drink, but the body in this situation,
00:07:18it can react differently, it can retain
00:07:21fluid, and it can, on the contrary,
00:07:25due to increased fluid, stimulate
00:07:28and excrete salt faster, here again we do not
00:07:31know how the body will react, but slightly
00:07:34increase water intake on that day, yes, of course, but it's better, of course,
00:07:38not to overeat salt, well, so that children don't take salt to school?
00:07:42What would you advise, what should they take with them for a snack, now this
00:07:46is one of the most important topics, healthy eating for children at school, what
00:07:49to pay attention to? Well, I would suggest
00:07:52that parents look at what
00:07:56the child eats as a whole, that is, let's start from home,
00:08:00look at what the child eats as a whole, how high is his
00:08:03habit of salty foods, some different
00:08:07snacks, what he snacks on the go
00:08:10after school, if he didn't have lunch, for example, at school, such a
00:08:14not very good situation happened, you can
00:08:17give a fruit that you don't need, for example, to peel in a difficult
00:08:21way, right, you can give nuts, please,
00:08:25which are not cooked in salt in sugar,
00:08:28but ordinary, well, slightly dried, for example,
00:08:32you can even give a sandwich, if the child can
00:08:34easily eat it, well, I won't
00:08:38say, you can't replace a school lunch with it,
00:08:41no, you can also look for more healthy
00:08:45bars, you can make these bars at home yourself,
00:08:48it's not that difficult to do, that is, well, a little bit, yes,
00:08:52pay attention - to the composition, of course,
00:08:55of products in the store, definitely pay attention, if we give
00:08:59some crackers, let's say, yes, plus or minus like oatmeal
00:09:03cookies or something like that, just look
00:09:06and dig a little deeper, see how much salt and sugar
00:09:10is contained there. Alexander, are there healthy chips,
00:09:13safe chips that even children can eat? Well, if
00:09:17we make them at home. Wow, or yes,
00:09:20in our supermarkets there are vegetable chips,
00:09:23almost without adding salt, but
00:09:27unfortunately, their price will be significantly higher than what
00:09:30children are usually used to, but you
00:09:33can try it, why not, at least little
00:09:37by little, little by little to reformat
00:09:40the child, so to speak. The Nobel Committee awarded
00:10:14Anne Carson for her bold and inventive creative
00:10:17search for new forms, now at the Toronto Public Library
00:10:21there is a queue for her books. The number of
00:10:26reservations for our copies of the book Autobiography
00:10:29of Red has sharply increased to more than
00:10:32270 applications, and these are only paper
00:10:36books. We also have an e-book and an audiobook, now we
00:10:40are buying more copies to meet the demand.
00:10:43The writer herself avoids the press, when the Nobel Committee
00:10:47called her to congratulate her on the award, Carson
00:10:50said that she would now go for a walk in the forest so that they would
00:10:54not bother her.