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00:00:08Hello, welcome, thank you for following us on France 24, here are the headlines of this
00:00:12news. The Gluxman surprise in France,
00:00:15Raphaël Gluxman won the primary and is the socialist candidate for
00:00:19the presidential election, the surprise is his score of 66% in the
00:00:23first round, far ahead of his competitors. So what line will the new
00:00:27man of the left defend? We'll talk about it at the beginning of the news.
00:00:31Donald Trump announces an energy ceasefire between Ukraine and
00:00:34Russia without further details and without Kiev being informed. Volodymyr
00:00:38Zelensky says he is ready to accept this truce and organize elections but
00:00:42still deplores Russian strikes against energy targets after the American
00:00:45announcement.
00:00:48And we are not the second mudslide in less than 2 months, this one occurred
00:00:52in the north of the country after a new flood, 5 missing. You
00:00:55will see the images of this
00:00:58spectacular mudslide.
00:01:12He will therefore be the candidate representing the socialists, Raphaël Gluxman,
00:01:16he prefers to speak of democratic left, the president of
00:01:19Public Place won in the first round of the primary with a score
00:01:23of 66%, far ahead of his closest opponent Olivier
00:01:27Fort, the line that Raphaël. wants to defend for the
00:01:30presidential and legislative elections, is a refusal
00:01:35diamond trade, the industry's to ally with Jean-Luc Mélenchon's La France Insoumise, but then where does he come from,
00:01:38portrait drawn by Léo
00:01:40Péchar,
00:01:44the result is undeniable, with 66.13% of the
00:01:47votes, Raphael Gluxmann largely wins
00:01:51the primary and becomes the
00:01:52organized the auctions of the Peace candidate of the social democratic left in the next
00:01:55presidential election, at 46 years old, he dives into the big
00:01:58bath of politics. He who began his career as
00:02:02a journalist and documentarian,
00:02:05nurtured by the internationalism of his father, the philosopher André
00:02:09Gluxmann, he in turn commits himself to the international political scene
00:02:12and becomes from 2009 to 2013 advisor to
00:02:16the Georgian president Mikheil Saakashvili. It is
00:02:19finally from France that the contender for the Elysée wants to bring
00:02:23his European commitment. In 2019, Raphael
00:02:26Gluxmann was elected deputy to the European elections with the movement.
00:02:30Public Place which he co-founded a year earlier, re-elected
00:02:34in 2024, he became one of the most prominent figures of
00:02:37the moderate left in Brussels, yesterday hatred won
00:02:41in France and in Europe, so it
00:02:44is time today to remember that we are committed to
00:02:47the rights and humanist principles that underpin the
00:02:50European construction, it is time to
00:02:53stand up, these struggles, the defense of
00:02:56Ukraine, human rights and the fight against foreign interference.
00:03:00He also advocates an ecological revolution, while promoting
00:03:04the reindustrialization of France, a social
00:03:08magnitude from other wholesalers in democratic and reformist line that the candidate will have to assert
00:03:11against Jean-Luc Mélenchon's La France Insoumise, a formidable rival on his left with whom he
00:03:15refuses any
00:03:17alliance. There will be no agreement with the Francisme, but there
00:03:21will be an agreement with the democratic left, with the republican
00:03:24left and we will win the presidential election, I am
00:03:28absolutely convinced of that.
00:03:30Uniting a divided left, that is the next challenge for Rafael Gluxmann,
00:03:34who must particularly convince the environmentalists, torn between him
00:03:37and Jean-Luc Mélenchon. This Sunday, the European deputy has
00:03:41crossed a decisive stage, but from Brussels to the Elysée, the road remains
00:03:45long.
00:03:48And Donald Trump has not yet given his decision on an intervention in Saudi
00:03:52Arabia, because of the attacks on the tools, but the surprise of
00:03:5712. First, it's the car Sunday comes in any case from his announcement of an energy ceasefire between Russia and
00:04:01Ukraine to preserve the production and delivery capabilities of
00:04:06violent civil wars that West oil and gas. Volodymyr Zelensky had nevertheless indicated that Russian strikes on power plants
00:04:10had continued after the declaration of the American president while the
00:04:14Kremlin remained silent. Alice
00:04:16Broga. At the pump, prices are soaring
00:04:20and discontent is rising in the United States as the mid-term
00:04:23elections approach. Running out of solutions in the Middle East, Donald Trump is
00:04:27hastily turning to Moscow. By announcing an
00:04:31energy ceasefire between Ukraine and Russia, he wants to restore Russian
00:04:35oil capacities and lower
00:04:37Sierra Leone to be handed over to the president of global prices .
00:04:39You see, President Trump came to power with a mandate to work for
00:04:44that's the end of this news thank you for the American people, and that's a good thing for the American
00:04:46people, to lower diesel prices. Since
00:04:50the beginning of the year, Russian diesel exports have
00:04:53fallen by about 40 %. The reason is
00:04:56the intensification of long-range Ukrainian drone attacks on.
00:05:00as here in Moscow, half of the country's refining capacity was
00:05:04even put out of service in August 2026 according to a Washington
00:05:08Post investigation, damage
00:05:11government on the importance of that forced Moscow to import oil from
00:05:13India, ration its use and freeze its diesel
00:05:16exports. The cessation of Ukrainian strikes would allow installations to be repaired
00:05:20and production to be resumed . In
00:05:23anticipation, Trump lifted American sanctions on Russian
00:05:27diesel on Friday with an agreement allowing Russia to deliver 300,000 tons
00:05:31of diesel in October, 500,000 tons in November and
00:05:34up to 1 million thereafter . But for Ukraine, caught
00:05:37off guard by the American announcement, any ceasefire must involve the end
00:05:41of the bombing.
00:06:12Trump's announcement. In America, Hurricane
00:06:16Simon is passing very close to the western coasts of Mexico,
00:06:20its winds could reach 250 km/h.
00:06:23Simon follows Rachel whose rains are still affecting southern
00:06:27California, tropical cyclones are stronger than usual due to the very strong
00:06:30El Niño phenomenon this year and which causes warmer
00:06:34Pacific waters and therefore more intense climatic phenomena in this
00:06:37region.
00:06:40And other continents, other climatic phenomena with a new
00:06:43mudslide that swept through Nepal with five
00:06:47missing for the moment, this is happening in a different
00:06:50region from the one 6 weeks ago
00:06:53which had left more than 1400 dead and 5000
00:06:56people still missing, images commented by Thomas
00:06:59Cuni a giant
00:07:02unstoppable
00:07:05wave a torrent of mud pours into
00:07:09this valley and carries everything in its path.
00:07:13In a few seconds, villages engulfed in front of helpless
00:07:17inhabitants,
00:07:27this sudden flood was caused by the rupture of a dam
00:07:30following a landslide, nothing
00:07:34resists,
00:07:37not even this metallic bridge, it gives way to the force of the
00:07:41current. Seen from another angle, we can distinguish
00:07:44the extent of the
00:07:45catastrophe,
00:07:49the disaster occurred in northern
00:07:52Nepal in the Gorkha
00:07:55region, residents had time to take
00:07:58refuge in the heights, here this was our
00:08:01village,
00:08:03everyone was screaming, we took refuge in the
00:08:06mountains
00:08:08here in the center of the image, other survivors.
00:08:12Very quickly, the army was deployed to rescue them,
00:08:16helicopters fly over a devastated area,
00:08:20entire sections of cliff have collapsed,
00:08:24we can clearly distinguish here the trajectory of the mudslide,
00:08:27according to an initial assessment by the authorities,
00:08:31at least five people are reported
00:08:33missing, and we spoke last night about the strong
00:08:37repression that raged in India on Saturday with many arrests including that
00:08:41of the leaders of the... of the cafars, the three
00:08:44opponents were released this Sunday, they immediately announced that they would
00:08:48continue their mobilization against the electoral commission accused of being
00:08:52in the pay of the Prime Minister. I would add that Reporters Without Borders
00:08:55estimates that at least 16 journalists were detained
00:08:59during Saturday's
00:09:00wave of arrests.
00:09:04Let's take a look at the day's agenda Monday, October
00:09:09show that starts in Paris for a week day 10. Inauguration
00:09:13for Emmanuel Macron who will therefore visit it this morning and notably
00:09:16sit in the new Citroën, the new 2
00:09:20CV and you will also find our journalist Christophe Danset live
00:09:23from the show in the morning. This
00:09:27Monday and until Tuesday will be available in cinemas the
00:09:30Israeli documentary NASA limited release, it is
00:09:34the film that gave a voice to soldiers who operated in
00:09:37Gaza and which caused a stir when it was released in
00:09:40Israel and then finally. it is this Monday that the
00:09:43Nobel Prize in Economics was awarded to but in language because it is the prize of the Bank
00:09:47of Sweden so who will succeed Philippe
00:09:49Agyon to follow therefore during the day this
00:09:52decision
00:10:22Never heard of the term of blood diamonds before, blood. Diamonds
00:10:25may once have been an alien concept to the supermodel Naomi Campbell, it
00:10:29certainly isn't now. Over 1 million diggers like these
00:10:32search for diamonds in
00:10:34Africa.
00:10:37During the 90s, in Sierra Leone, in the Democratic Republic of
00:10:41Congo or in Ivory Coast, diamonds served as a currency of exchange for
00:10:45the purchase of weapons during civil wars.
00:10:48They were called blood diamonds, they were at
00:10:52the heart of the civil war that devastated the...
00:10:55firms, an illegal trade that
00:10:57The battle for control of diamond mines was bloody and had a devastating effect on local
00:11:00populations
00:11:03and generated a parallel economy supported by large international
00:11:10probably brought in up to 125 million dollars per
00:11:13year and financed the fighting, and it is thanks to
00:11:16Hollywood that the general public truly became aware of the
00:11:19scandal thanks to the film Blood Diamond with
00:11:23Leonardo DiCaprio released. In 2006, an
00:11:26exposure that forced the global diamond industry, singled out
00:11:30to change its rules to try to restore its
00:11:33image. 25 years ago, the Kimberley
00:11:36Process began, negotiations through which major producing countries and
00:11:40international diamond groups established origin control of
00:11:44stones to prevent history from repeating itself. A quarter of a century
00:11:48later, the industry claims to have changed, speaks of
00:11:51ethical trade, of development of local communities. but in the
00:11:55Kono district, the epicenter of the former blood
00:12:00promises are far from all fulfilled, billet returning
00:12:04to Sierra Leone on the trail of blood diamonds, this is a report by
00:12:07Sarah Saco and Simon Martin.
00:12:25We entrust Sierra Leone to you, God, I pray that you will raise
00:12:29our nation, that you will bless our nation. Let us pray for more
00:12:32opportunities in this country, more businesses and employment
00:12:36opportunities for those who are jobless, in the name of
00:12:39Jesus Christ. These sermons are recognizable among
00:12:42thousands. However, it is not them that have
00:12:45made the renown of Pastor Emmanuel
00:12:47Momot. 10 years ago, the man of faith
00:12:51and artisanal miner, discovered on his exploitation.
00:13:25I told myself that if I sold it to a local buyer, it would not benefit the
00:13:28nation, so I decided to hand it over to the
00:13:30government,
00:13:38the pastor has since left the diamond world, but he has not
00:13:42forgotten his region of origin, goodbye everyone,
00:13:46monde,
00:13:49the Kono district several hundred kilometers to the
00:13:52east, the diamond heart of the
00:13:55country,
00:13:58the Kono district is a region where diamonds have been
00:14:01found for more than a
00:14:02century,
00:14:06Kono was once considered the breadbasket of Sierra
00:14:09Leone, and yet, it is there that one
00:14:12finds the poorest and least educated
00:14:16populations. A paradox precisely
00:14:20because of the Kono
00:14:22diamonds.
00:14:251911, the country catches fire, it's the
00:14:28beginning of one of the most
00:14:31Africa has known. The control of Kono and its diamonds
00:14:35becomes an absolute priority for the rebels who pour into the
00:14:39region. Here is a typical example of one of the
00:14:42mass graves in the Kono district called the "savage's
00:14:46well". Then begins one of the darkest
00:14:50pages in Sierra Leonean history and a
00:14:52sadly well-known
00:14:58trafficking. The diamonds were sent out of
00:15:02the Republic of Liberia Charles Taylor in exchange for weapons
00:15:05and ammunition which were used against the inhabitants of Kono
00:15:08themselves. These diamonds became blood
00:15:12diamonds,
00:15:14they became a curse for the people of
00:15:17Sierra Leone.
00:15:21During the conflict, blood diamonds brought in up to 100.
00:15:37to enlist them in their ranks, so I was afraid because I didn't want to join them and also I didn't want
00:15:46to
00:15:46die.
00:15:50Today, the man of faith participates in rewriting the history of his
00:15:54region. 15 % of the sale of his fabulous
00:15:58stone went back to the community of Koriardu where it was
00:16:02discovered. Enough to transform the small village kilometers
00:16:05away from the first road.
00:16:10Here we are in Koriardu in the Peace Diamond
00:16:13School,
00:16:16more than 250 children are currently schooled here and they
00:16:20come from different
00:16:21communities.
00:16:24The pastor founded the Peace Diamond initiative
00:16:27and with it this brand new
00:16:30school. Hello everyone,
00:16:34so today is the first day of your exams, is that right?
00:16:37"I am so proud, through the Peace Diamond, we concretely see what it
00:16:41produces when we give to the community. An
00:16:44audacious initiative of revolution for the youth of this
00:16:47rural region, until now, for lack of school,
00:16:51they had to join the district capital and leave their families
00:16:54prematurely. Many children drop out of school because of
00:16:58this, at 13 or 14 they were sent to the city, but they were not
00:17:01used to city life, housing conditions, safety
00:17:04issues, by the time they adapted..." returned to the
00:17:08village pregnant and became very young
00:17:10mothers.
00:17:13A campus born from the will of the pastor, but
00:17:17maintained by the diamond industry that seeks to restore its
00:17:21image. The funding for the school is provided by
00:17:25a foundation of the Rapaport Group, the same one that
00:17:30Diamond. Their intervention was
00:17:33decisive, they managed to bring qualified teachers.
00:17:37As well as a qualified director who managed to convince the
00:17:40community.
00:17:43The family business plans an extension to build a
00:17:46high school and also finances a health center that welcomes
00:17:50thousands of patients per year.
00:17:53Enough to make Koriardu more than just a beautiful
00:17:56story. The village is today the showcase
00:18:00of an industry that claims to be transformed,
00:18:03equitable and virtuous, a
00:18:05turning point of which the Peace Diamond is the founding
00:18:08symbol, as Martine Rapaport, patriarch of
00:18:11this family, one of the most
00:18:15influential in the sector, already said,
00:18:18it shows the way to a different future, people will buy diamonds
00:18:21for their social impact which is enormous, that's its
00:18:25value, that's
00:18:26it,
00:18:29through the Empower Africa foundation, the family regularly
00:18:33organizes field visits for diamond dealers from
00:18:36all over the world. and promotes this
00:18:39narrative.
00:18:45Participants will meet with mining communities and can
00:18:48reflect on ways to contribute to sustainable economic
00:18:51development.
00:18:54A few tens of kilometers away, however, the miners of the
00:18:58region tell a completely different story. Starting
00:19:01with the employees of Koidu Limited, the country's largest industrial
00:19:05mine, founded by. The group of an Israeli
00:19:08billionaire, a huge chasm that
00:19:12extracted 100 million dollars worth of stone every
00:19:15year, hello Mr. Rogers, hello everyone,
00:19:19so if I understand correctly, you are all former employees of what was the most
00:19:22prestigious company in
00:19:23Sierra Leone.
00:19:27At the end of 2024, the workers launched strike movements
00:19:30to obtain a salary increase. Overnight
00:19:34, the company then suspended its activities. and
00:19:38dismissed almost all of its 100 employees.
00:19:41Currently on trial, he recounts untenable working conditions
00:19:45to activist Ibrahim
00:19:47Bokari.
00:19:50On the field, I cut five fingers, I told them, but
00:19:53they didn't support me and fired me.
00:19:57For those who worked underground, they ate and relieved themselves in the same
00:20:01place. Sometimes some drank the water that flowed from the
00:20:04stone, we were never given drinking water.
00:20:10The unions estimate that Koidu Limited should owe its employees
00:20:13more than 32 million euros in unpaid
00:20:16wages. Through its lawyers, the company
00:20:20denounces unfounded and malicious accusations,
00:20:24based on falsified documents to
00:20:27extort money from the company, a
00:20:30defense that does not convince the activist. This is not the
00:20:34first time something like this has happened in the mining sector.
00:20:43We could call these investors polluters because they have infested our land and contaminated our population with diseases. This is a form of corporate
00:20:47banditry.
00:20:50And while industrial operations are regularly criticized for their
00:20:53practices, artisanal miners do not necessarily fare
00:20:57better. Hello everyone, how
00:21:01are you?
00:21:03Regularly, Ibrahim goes to meet them
00:21:06directly at the digging sites. Far from
00:21:09the slogans, these workers remain always the big
00:21:13losers in the diamond
00:21:14chain.
00:21:20"They just found that one, but it's really tiny, so
00:21:24they say it's only worth 5 or 10
00:21:26leones,
00:21:29barely a few tens of euro cents, a ridiculous price
00:21:32for a diamond, even a very small
00:21:34one, they have no digital tools
00:21:38to determine the value of a stone, so they themselves
00:21:42don't really have the means to know how much it is, this is what
00:21:45keeps people in a cycle of poverty, even when you
00:21:49find a..."
00:22:23The mother of the family arrived a few months ago, she is already looking to
00:22:27leave this industry which barely allows her to
00:22:29survive.
00:22:32These diamonds, we find them, but we suffer from them, and the more we
00:22:36suffer, the more we lose, while they profit
00:22:40from them, it is not a good life for
00:22:43us.
00:22:46A sector that no longer finances conflict, keeps its
00:22:50small hands in extreme precariousness, even
00:22:53if at the end of the chain, the profits are very
00:22:56real. This one has some
00:22:59impurities,
00:23:02the district is made up of chiefdoms that abound in
00:23:06diamonds, and these lands could still be exploited for more than
00:23:09300 years. We
00:23:11also invite all miners and interested investors to come
00:23:15and partner with
00:23:16us.
00:23:20The association of district wholesalers is the lock
00:23:24that controls the local market, the heart of their
00:23:27power, to set the purchase price of stones from Kono
00:23:30miners and their resale price to
00:23:33exporters. When someone comes into my office, I have my
00:23:36loupe, I examine it closely under the light to see if the
00:23:40diamond is perfect, it has the clarity of the diamond, its
00:23:43shape and its weight in carats, all of that determines its
00:23:46price.
00:23:51We will not have more details, but off
00:23:54camera, we get an order of
00:23:58the city. A one-carat diamond, bought for a few
00:24:02tens of euros from miners, can be sold for between
00:24:052000 and 20000 euros in Western
00:24:08jewelers.
00:24:12Hello, hello everyone, hello
00:24:14chief,
00:24:16so today, this meeting aims to review the progress. Work within
00:24:20the community,
00:24:22tell us, how do you feel about the project so far in the
00:24:26village? Faced with this injustice,
00:24:30several communities in the district are trying to break free from this
00:24:33cycle supported by NGOs. For
00:24:363 years, the village of Yigbed has started to
00:24:40fill in its diamond pits. Here we
00:24:43have worked the mine for more than 30 years, we have gained nothing
00:24:46from it, today we are turning again to agriculture.
00:24:51This 14-hectare plot is thus gradually being transformed into
00:24:54rice paddies and the former miners have swapped their sieves
00:24:58for shovels and seedlings.
00:25:02This will improve our living conditions. First of all, we will be able to produce food
00:25:06for the community, for our village, people will therefore be
00:25:09more motivated to work in agriculture rather than returning
00:25:13to the mine.
00:25:16Preferring rice to diamonds, a revolution that is part of a.
00:25:20National strategy,
00:25:22one of the government's flagship programs is called "Feeding Sierra
00:25:25Leone", to supply the country and get involved in
00:25:29agriculture. The work that we do is to complement their
00:25:32efforts.
00:25:35A movement that is growing in the district, the NGO works
00:25:39on more than 200 sites to restore the
00:25:41land,
00:25:43a path that Pastor Momo also wishes to take for
00:25:47the future of his village.
00:25:51I know that I understand that diamonds have done more
00:25:54harm than good to this country. That
00:25:57is why I insisted to the
00:26:01education. If we want to transform the
00:26:04country, we must build schools
00:26:08and make these children the true diamonds of our
00:26:11time.
00:26:15The promise of Sierra Leone's diamonds still seems far from
00:26:19being realized. Despite the 250 million
00:26:22dollars of stones extracted each year from its soil, the
00:26:26country remains among the poorest on the
00:26:28planet.
00:26:36Every morning, Damien Coquet presents to you on the front page, to
00:26:40know what will be the news of the day, be
00:26:43there, find me all week in the front page on
00:26:46France
00:26:4724,
00:26:51come on family, it's graduation in urban areas with
00:26:54Juliette on RFI,
00:26:57yeah, to go 5 km how long does it take you, me it
00:27:00takes me 21 minutes. 21 minutes, not seconds,
00:27:0421 minutes, 21 minutes 40 ok, and
00:27:07you, well, 2 days and
00:27:08half
00:27:12we're still there if you start
00:27:14now
00:27:17but that's it I told you that's it you're going to start again you're going to start again that's it that's
00:27:20it
00:27:23urban legends to see on France 24 with my head in the clouds yeah
00:27:27I have my head
00:27:28in the clouds
00:30:10France 24, here are the headlines of this news report,
00:30:14the Glucksman surprise in France, Raphael Glucksman won
00:30:18the primary this evening, the socialist candidate for the presidency, the surprise is his
00:30:21score, 66% in the first round, far ahead of his competitors,
00:30:25so what line will the new man of the left defend, we will talk about it at the
00:30:29beginning of the news report.
00:30:31Donald Trump. ceasefire, it's the energy fire between
00:30:34Ukraine and Russia, without further details and without Kiev being informed.
00:30:37Volodymyr Zelensky says he is ready to accept this truce and
00:30:41organize elections, but still deplores Russian strikes against energy
00:30:44targets after the American
00:30:45announcement.
00:30:48And in Nepal, a second landslide in less than 2 months, this one occurred
00:30:52in the north of the country after a new flood, five missing, you
00:30:55will see the images of this spectacular
00:30:58landslide.