Google Cloud Speech-to-Text API (Chirp) + Gemini 2.5 Flash Non-Thinking. Treat it as a searchable index of what was broadcast, not a quotation record.
00:00:00The Russian and Ukrainian borders have created an entire corridor of
00:00:03Shahed drone launch bases and communication systems. They crossed
00:00:07the Ukrainian border near the so-called Three Sisters intersection. Russian
00:00:10drones fly towards Kyiv and other cities precisely along the forested
00:00:14Belarusian border, and sometimes even through Belarusian
00:00:17territory itself, until they reach the Dnieper. From here,
00:00:21the path towards Kyiv and Western Ukraine is
00:00:23the shortest.
00:00:26This Mobile Air Defense Team, one of several dozen,
00:00:30hunting Russian drones,
00:00:33succeeded perfectly in doing so
00:00:37a when propeller drones appeared, but catching the faster and higher-flying
00:00:39jet drones that appeared in late summer
00:00:43with available weapons became almost impossible. We are learning,
00:00:46training, we are trying to use the available
00:00:49weaponry against jet drones, sometimes we manage
00:00:53to shoot them down, it is difficult, but we have reinstalled
00:00:56the equipment so that it aims at the target faster.
00:01:08Minsk has been accused of using Belarusian communication
00:01:10repeaters not for the first time. In June, after Zelensky threatened
00:01:14strikes over this, the situation among the troops
00:01:15improved.
00:01:22After Zelensky's words, the number of drones significantly decreased. This is how the
00:01:26old Shaheds, Geran 2, would fly
00:01:29massively using their repeaters, sometimes
00:01:32we would have to spend two, three days in the fields, we couldn't
00:01:35leave.
00:01:39However, by the end of summer, not only drones flying at jet speed
00:01:42returned, but also accusations against Belarus. According to experts,
00:01:45the fact that Russia uses communication transmission systems in Belarus
00:01:49is also proven by the flight trajectory of new drones
00:01:52and the available technical information about these drones.
00:01:56Communication relay towers allow drones to maneuver more easily, to change course.
00:02:08The team tries to shoot it down, the second drone flying behind it
00:02:12is already flying straight at them, the first one draws attention,
00:02:15the second one strikes, there have already been tragic cases where our
00:02:19cars were hit
00:02:21through this way. Along the way from Belarus to the Russian border, signs of
00:02:25the drone corridor are increasing. Near the Three Sisters border crossing
00:02:29in Horodnia, jet drones not
00:02:32only fly over the city daily, but attack gas stations, energy
00:02:36infrastructure, and often hit residential homes. According to Sveta, who is raising
00:02:40two children, the battle taking place in the sky is becoming
00:02:43more dangerous, recently a drone hit a neighbor's
00:02:46house.
00:02:48We can't sleep, either I or my husband stays awake while the children try
00:02:51to fall asleep, but when we start
00:02:55interest rates, hearing drones and everything else, we run to the neighbor's shelter, the school basement, or hide
00:02:58in the bathroom. We ourselves realize
00:03:02how intense the air battle is in Northern Ukraine, after visiting this air defense group, which
00:03:06is also on duty in the path of Russian drones. As soon as we arrive, the radar
00:03:10shows an approaching jet drone.
00:03:13A roar resembling a high-flying aircraft can be heard in the sky.
00:03:17Soldiers quickly aim their only effective weapon against jet drones,
00:03:20a man-portable anti-aircraft missile launcher, in that direction.
00:03:24However, just as suddenly as the drone engine
00:03:27roar began, it suddenly falls silent. With a maneuver,
00:03:30the drone flies to the other side.
00:03:33According to radar data, its flight altitude was more than
00:03:3710,500 meters. If you want to
00:03:40imagine that, think of a civilian airplane flying
00:03:43in the sky. They fly at an altitude of 80 km.
00:03:46Does it look small from the ground? Now
00:03:50imagine a Shahed flying at that altitude. It is
00:03:54almost impossible to see it at all. While
00:03:57surface-to-air missiles and Ukrainian fighter jets are the only effective
00:04:01weapons against jet drones, soldiers say that drones fly along
00:04:04the Belarusian border not by chance.
00:04:08Their flight path is 4, 3, 2 km from
00:04:12the border, everything is planned this way not by chance,
00:04:15because I basically cannot shoot it down there, well, I could, but
00:04:19if it fell on Belarusian territory,
00:04:22you understand, an international conflict could arise and
00:04:25all that. Every drone that slips past the first air defense line
00:04:29is a deadly danger in cities like Kyiv,
00:04:32as Ukraine rushes to improve interceptor drones and other weapons
00:04:36to shoot down jet drones, attacks in the city do not stop for a single day.
00:04:55The only inhabitants of a small town, suffering from merciless
00:04:59bandits, are even more merciless fighters
00:05:03for justice. Seven against an entire
00:05:06army, fighting for those who could not defend
00:05:09themselves. The Magnificent
00:05:12Seven this Saturday
00:05:15at 10:40 PM on LRT
00:05:18television.
00:05:23Just as every knitting project begins with yarn, Lithuania
00:05:26begins with people.
00:05:30Five Lithuanian regions, five teams of knitters.
00:05:33Through all our voices, we will tell
00:05:36the stories of those people. We will knit love between a person and their
00:05:40homeland.
00:05:46New show, "Knitting Lithuania", coming soon on LRT
00:05:50television. Instead of an invitation to weigh oneself, a suggestion
00:05:53to hang oneself, instead of a request to bend over, an instruction
00:05:56to fold up. Such curious situations are recounted by Lithuanian doctors
00:06:00when they try to help Russian-speaking patients who do not speak
00:06:03Lithuanian at work. Why, after three decades of independence,
00:06:07do we still not communicate in Lithuanian? Discussion on the show "Not
00:06:10So Simple" this Wednesday. 7:30 PM on LRT
00:08:51This year's Nobel Prize in Economics was awarded to
00:08:54two American scientists, Robert Hall and Michael
00:08:58Woodford, for research that helps countries more easily
00:09:01overcome economic crises. The economy
00:09:04sometimes grows very quickly, and sometimes slows down, people buy
00:09:08less, companies earn less, unemployment may increase.
00:09:11Scientists have developed ways to better understand how
00:09:14people and companies make decisions and how this affects
00:09:18the economy of the entire country. Their work helps governments and central
00:09:22banks decide when to stimulate the economy and when
00:09:25perhaps to slow it down a bit. Simply put, their
00:09:28discoveries help mitigate economic crises and
00:09:31protect people from their most severe
00:09:34consequences. I am talking to Professor of Economics at Vilnius University and
00:09:38Chief Economist of the Bank of Lithuania, Linas Tarasonis.
00:09:42Good day. Good day. Good day Rasa, good day,
00:09:45Lithuania. What did these
00:09:48two scientists discover or explain that was so important
00:09:52that economists did not understand before?
00:09:56Yes, first of all, I must say that the economics
00:09:59community welcomed these news with great
00:10:03joy, both in Lithuania and in the international
00:10:05community, there is simply a resounding
00:10:09"finally, finally" that these economists, Robert
00:10:12Hall from Stanford and Professor Woodford from
00:10:15Columbia, have been honored with the Nobel,
00:10:18Nobel Prize. So they,
00:10:22Hall and Woodford, really allowed us to look
00:10:25at economics a little differently
00:10:28and essentially
00:10:31changed the approach a little
00:10:35in the sense that when thinking about the general, about the entire economy,
00:10:38macroeconomics, that is, how our
00:10:41aggregated aggregated
00:10:44data moves,
00:10:47that is unemployment, gross domestic product, we must, we
00:10:51must look
00:10:54at individual units of our economy, a very natural idea,
00:10:57but in fact at that time those
00:11:00two sciences, macroeconomics, which examines the entire
00:11:03economy, how all aggregates
00:11:06move, and microeconomics, how decisions are made by consumers,
00:11:09businesses, households, were quite separate, so
00:11:13these two scientists became the link that
00:11:17connected and laid the foundations
00:11:20for macroeconomics
00:11:23through precisely a microeconomic prism, in other
00:11:26words, they
00:11:29said that it is very important
00:11:33that we understand how
00:11:36the economy moves, we
00:11:39need to understand what a simple household
00:11:42does, what decisions regarding price levels
00:11:46companies make, and so on, and at this point,
00:11:49the main point is expectations,
00:11:52Hall's main insight about... about
00:11:55demand, that is consumption, which is the main component
00:11:59of gross domestic product, the demand component,
00:12:02the main insight is that consumer
00:12:06consumption, the decision to consume,
00:12:09that is, to put it simply, whether we will buy a new
00:12:13car or go on vacation, is determined by expectations
00:12:16and similarly, companies set prices
00:12:20thinking about the long term, about
00:12:23the medium and long term, that is, not only, not only, not only for today, since
00:12:26changing prices is not so simple, and from here
00:12:30arises, from here arises
00:12:34such a new space for our
00:12:38public policy and especially for the institution
00:12:42that shapes those expectations
00:12:46interest rates, that is, the central bank, excuse
00:12:50me,
00:12:53so the central bank, by setting
00:12:57interest rates, can precisely encourage
00:12:59or encourage greater consumption
00:13:03by lowering interest rates, that is,
00:13:07by making saving less attractive and by making
00:13:10borrowing more attractive and similarly
00:13:13by reducing consumption through
00:13:17higher
00:13:20so that's
00:13:24where Woodford actually
00:13:27created the model,
00:13:30the so-called New
00:13:33Keynesian model,
00:13:36which is used, which is essentially now
00:13:40the main model that all
00:13:43central banks, finance
00:13:45ministries, the International Monetary Fund, all use
00:13:49for forecasting how public policy
00:13:51can affect economic
00:13:55growth. So if we
00:13:57understand better today how the economy works,
00:14:01why do we still fail to avoid crises? What
00:14:04even the most advanced economic models cannot
00:14:08predict? Yes,
00:14:11that's probably one
00:14:13of the shortcomings. Indeed, this
00:14:17model allows us to understand how we should
00:14:21react to a crisis, not why crises arise. But
00:14:24that is already a big achievement, and that should not
00:14:28be denied. If we compare, for example,
00:14:30the Great Depression of the 1930s and the Great Recession, which
00:14:34occurred about
00:14:3720 years ago, then
00:14:41that change, that reaction to that crisis and
00:14:44precisely the stabilization policy allowed that crisis
00:14:47to be managed, managed quite
00:14:50successfully. Another typical example is
00:14:54the energy price crisis, which is especially relevant for Lithuania
00:14:57today. In 1993, we had
00:15:01a huge oil price
00:15:05shock, which precisely destroyed the then-existing models,
00:15:09because at that time it was believed that prices should stabilize
00:15:13the economy automatically, by falling,
00:15:16but almost 10 years of stagflation followed, where the economy grew slowly
00:15:19and prices were very high, and the problem was precisely that
00:15:23the stabilization policy was precisely
00:15:27the opposite of what was needed, prices were
00:15:30stimulated by the state
00:15:32economy, and because of that,
00:15:36companies, expecting prices to rise, raised
00:15:39prices even more, and that caused that stagflation. Now,
00:15:43the recent
00:15:47energy price shock that we saw, we see
00:15:50that precisely, based on Hall's and Woodford's
00:15:54ideas,
00:15:55after the energy
00:15:59price shock, which is a typical
00:16:03negative supply shock,
00:16:05the economy is... restrained, it is not stimulated, it is
00:16:09cooled, interest rates are raised, and in this
00:16:12way
00:16:14negative shock to demand
00:16:18is formed, a negative, negative shock
00:16:22to consumption, and comparing these two episodes now, which
00:16:26economists do and try to argue
00:16:29that we have
00:16:32instruments that allow us to deal with these shocks much
00:16:35better, that is, the huge price shock that
00:16:39we had, it was dealt
00:16:42with sufficiently effectively, sufficiently quickly
00:16:46in a year and a half or two
00:16:49years, so thank you, Vilnius University Professor of Economics
00:16:52and Chief Economist of the Bank of Lithuania, Linas Tarasonis, thank
00:16:56you for
00:16:59his explanations.
00:17:02The Vilnius City Museum invites visitors not only to an exhibition, but also
00:17:06to an almost detective story. It tells the story of the Brain Research
00:17:09Institute that operated in interwar Vilnius, the vanished
00:17:13brain of Jozef Pilsudski and its
00:17:15search, which it turns out continues
00:17:18to this day. More in my colleague Simona Vaveriūnaitė's
00:17:21report. The Vilnius City Museum steps out of
00:17:25traditional museum spaces and invites you to learn history where
00:17:29it happened. Last week, the exhibition "Brain Atlas: The Polish Brain
00:17:32Research Institute in Vilnius" was opened to visitors, inviting them to explore this
00:17:36strange story on its original site, the Vilnius City Mental
00:17:39Health Center on Vasaros Street, where the Polish Brain
00:17:43Research Institute also operated during the interwar period. Let's begin to examine this intriguing and little-heard story
00:17:46from the very origins of the Polish Brain Research Institute. Here,
00:17:49since 1927,
00:17:52a psychiatric hospital has been operating,
00:17:55now it is the Vilnius City Mental Health
00:17:59Center. Its purpose has not
00:18:02changed, next year will be 100
00:18:05years for these buildings on Vasaros Street,
00:18:07five. In 1931,
00:18:11the Polish Brain Research Institute was founded
00:18:14here, because one person, Maximilian
00:18:18Rose, a neurologist, was invited to lecture at Stefan Batory University,
00:18:21now Vilnius University, and became the head of this
00:18:25psychiatric hospital, and since he worked in such
00:18:29an institute in Warsaw before coming to Vilnius, he simply moved
00:18:33that institute, founded in Warsaw a year earlier, to
00:18:36Vilnius. In the early 20th century, information about
00:18:39achievements in neurological science was published on the front pages of all
00:18:43newspapers, says the exhibition curator, because it was
00:18:46a very dynamic field of science, many discoveries, many new
00:18:50things. At the end of the 19th century,
00:18:53it was learned how to see neurons, because before that it was
00:18:57such a strange mass, a human
00:19:00organ, it was unclear what was inside, but then it was learned how to
00:19:03stain brain slices and see
00:19:07how neurons are arranged, and based
00:19:10on that, they began to draw so-called brain
00:19:13atlases. This institute precisely dealt with this and was
00:19:16only one of a few such institutes in Europe. There were
00:19:20only four such places in Europe, Berlin,
00:19:23Vilnius, Moscow, and Madrid, and
00:19:27the brightest minds in neurology worked
00:19:30in those institutes, corresponded, maintained correspondence, exchanged
00:19:34discoveries, and well...
00:19:37Vilnius found itself among four such
00:19:40stars. One of the most important
00:19:43works of the institute was the study of the brain of Polish Marshal
00:19:47Józef Piłsudski. At that time, it was believed that genius could be detected by studying
00:19:50brain structure. Of course, that led nowhere,
00:19:54unfortunately, but such a desire,
00:19:58such a dream existed, and here, after receiving
00:20:01Marshal Piłsudski's brain after his death, he died in '35. So...
00:20:05in '26, '27, it was
00:20:07studied here in Vilnius at Vasaros 5, two publications were released,
00:20:11of impressive size and beauty, but
00:20:14the research was not completed, and
00:20:17the second volume of the book was not published. Although many know where
00:20:20Piłsudski's body and heart are buried, the whereabouts of his brain still
00:20:23remain a mystery. Vilnius is the last known location of Piłsudski's brain,
00:20:27what happened later is still unknown, it is believed that it
00:20:31could have been hidden in the Vasaros Street area, taken to Moscow
00:20:34or Warsaw, but none of these versions have been
00:20:38confirmed. Piłsudski's body was also
00:20:41divided into three parts, the body is buried in Wawel
00:20:45Cathedral, where Polish rulers rest, his heart is buried
00:20:47in Rasos Cemetery together with his
00:20:50mother, whose remains were also transferred from another
00:20:53location, and his brain disappeared here in Vilnius, though not
00:20:56in this specific building where we are now, but
00:21:00in another building of the complex at Vasaros Street
00:21:03five. But the exhibition curators say that the story told in this exhibition
00:21:06is not an attempt to find the missing brain.
00:21:10However, this exhibition is not about finding the brain, it is
00:21:14about the search itself, about what you discover
00:21:18along the way. One such discovery was the history
00:21:21of this institute. However, the institute's history in the exhibition becomes only
00:21:25a starting point. The exhibition reveals an unexpected connection between science and
00:21:28art. It began in the late 19th century, when
00:21:32neurologists learned to highlight neurons using special methods, but
00:21:35could not yet accurately depict them. Then artists
00:21:39were called upon for help, creating detailed drawings
00:21:42of neuron atlases. Today, some of them are exhibited
00:21:46in the exhibition; to those unaware of their origin,
00:21:49these works could easily resemble abstract art.
00:21:52Yes, it was decided to supplement the historical
00:21:56part of the exhibition with contemporary art. Six artists participate in the exhibition.
00:21:59Some present previously created works, for example, a film about
00:22:03the search for Piłsudski's brain in the vicinity of Vasaros Street, others create
00:22:06works specifically for this exhibition. They talk not only about
00:22:09the connection between science and art, but about the brain, the ethics of such
00:22:13research, the longing for authorities and human thinking itself.
00:22:16So, knowing all this, let's return to the essential place. The location
00:22:20of this exhibition seems very important, and that this exhibition is here on Vasaros
00:22:24Street, Vasaros five, we, as
00:22:27a museum, also work a lot with mental
00:22:30health stigma reduction issues, and I think that
00:22:34the hospital allowing us to have the exhibition here is also
00:22:38a sign of other times. Nevertheless,
00:22:41the exhibition's narrative does not end with the history of Vasaros Street and leads
00:22:45to much broader questions. This exhibition
00:22:48primarily talks about how we see the world and how images
00:22:52actually create reality. It talks about
00:22:55the technologies behind images, about how they
00:22:58affect our understanding and can even manipulate it,
00:23:02so we must remain curious, observe, research, and not let
00:23:05images distract us too much, we must be able
00:23:08to concentrate. And although the fate of Piłsudski's brain is still
00:23:12unknown, the exhibition suggests looking for the answer, the meaning
00:23:16of the search itself. So this free exhibition, which is part of the
00:23:19Open Psychiatry program, will await visitors on Vasaros Street
00:23:22until mid-December. Well,
00:23:26as the last minutes of the show tick by, it's time
00:23:30to review your answers to today's question:
00:23:33how do you evaluate Donald Trump's agreement with
00:23:37Vladimir Putin regarding the purchase
00:23:40or supply of diesel? Out of almost 700 who managed
00:23:44to comment, the majority, 85%,
00:23:47believe it's like a deal with the devil. 9% say
00:23:51it's logical, after all, America comes first, and
00:23:536% say they don't know where it
00:30:16Good afternoon. 16 most important events of the day in Lithuania.
00:30:19European Union diplomatic leaders do not condemn
00:30:23Donald Trump's agreement with Vladimir Putin, but do not believe
00:30:26in its benefits. As well as the United States President's announcement of
00:30:30an energy ceasefire. In Luxembourg. The ministers
00:30:33meeting there approved the largest sanctions package against Russia to date. They added
00:30:37over one and a half military industry figures responsible for
00:30:41the production of ballistic missiles to the blacklist. From Luxembourg, Milda Vilikanskytė and Evaldas
00:30:44Labanauskas. Russian strike near a grocery
00:30:48store in Kharkiv, reports of three dead and
00:30:52nine injured. This explosion came shortly after
00:30:55the United States President announced on his social network
00:30:59about the war.