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00:00:30takes over the presidency of Peru with
00:00:32half, they change the referee or indications of an economic another notable guest, Juan
00:00:36Diego Mota, lawyer and political analyst
00:00:40directly from Lima, Juan Diego Mota,
00:00:44a warm welcome to the program. Thank you very much for the invitation and I remain
00:00:48attentive in these minutes to be able to talk with you and with
00:00:51your listeners, Juan Diego, why,
00:00:54to begin with, why has Keiko
00:00:58Fujimori's arrival in Peru, the presidency, attracted
00:01:01so much attention both nationally
00:01:04and internationally?
00:01:06faithful to the interests Well, because it is not normal
00:01:09that in a country like ours
00:01:13that has survived,
00:01:16first a pandemic, a crisis with the COVID-19
00:01:19pandemic, very strong, that
00:01:22generated or ended up having the regrettable figure
00:01:26of being the country with the highest mortality in the world.
00:01:30That is to say, in terms of percentages,
00:01:34a country that has experienced an internal
00:01:37armed conflict in the 80s and 90s with more than 70,000 dead and
00:01:41disappeared, and a country where
00:01:45we lived a bloody dictatorship throughout the 90s,
00:01:48not only do I say it, but
00:01:52this is something that can be verified, I mean that of Alberto
00:01:55Fujimori Father, with multiple sentences at national and
00:01:59international levels. that
00:02:02the candidate who represents
00:02:06in a way all these evils, no,
00:02:09the daughter of the dictator Alberto Fujimori,
00:02:12the person responsible for implementing
00:02:15a program of deepening the neoliberal model where
00:02:19the economy of large companies is privileged
00:02:22over the lives of citizens, and that this was evident
00:02:25especially in this pandemic crisis and that it has been characterized a lot by
00:02:30violence and repression, is the one who ends up winning
00:02:34the electoral process that we are now
00:02:37experiencing or suffering its consequences. You have
00:02:40said, and I quote your exact words, you have
00:02:43said Fujimorism is much more than a political
00:02:46party and constitutes a
00:02:51prison and this lady ends up power structure with influence in institutions,
00:02:54how would you explain to a Latin American
00:02:58audience who hears this conception
00:03:02of Latin America, from 2021 onwards. for the first time? To understand it, I think we have to keep in mind that
00:03:06Fujimorism is a very, very particular
00:03:09phenomenon of Peru. I think
00:03:12it is not repeated in other
00:03:16give away this, that, parts of Latin America. It has similarities with other authoritarian, dictatorial
00:03:19processes, but it is very particular. I
00:03:23think it is part of this wave of far-right governments
00:03:27that are coming to power in Latin America
00:03:31through processes
00:03:33you have rightly pointed labeled or with indications of being fraudulent. Would you say
00:03:36it is a government of change that we can expect or is it a government
00:03:40of continuity? There will be changes yes,
00:03:44in the sense
00:03:46Roberto Sánchez as the winner, that we are facing a new stage of
00:03:49what I would call a congressional dictatorship that began
00:03:53on December 7, 2022
00:03:56with the coup d'état against the legitimate
00:04:00president Pedro Castillo, orchestrated
00:04:02from the congress
00:04:06that has been controlled by Fujimorism and specifically by
00:04:10Keiko Fujimori, who then placed puppet
00:04:13and above all, they gave him presidents, several puppet presidents, and who no longer only
00:04:17has control of the legislative branch,
00:04:20now she has control of the executive branch,
00:04:23in addition to most of the institutions,
00:04:26the institutions that govern all electoral processes,
00:04:30the judiciary. the public ministry, the constitutional
00:04:33court, the armed forces, the police, they have been occupying all
00:04:36these scenarios, and this is a characteristic of Fujimorism,
00:04:40and in that sense, I think
00:04:42there is continuity, but also the novelty of deepening the
00:04:46model. It is a dictatorship that will be
00:04:49enthroned and that has managed to be legalized,
00:04:52so to speak, with this electoral process. What country does Keiko
00:04:56Fujimori receive when she assumes the presidency? Look,
00:04:59here it's something particular because
00:05:03what she has tried to sell in her discourse,
00:05:06especially in her inaugural address this July 28,
00:05:10is that she receives a country
00:05:13with high rates of citizen insecurity, with
00:05:16an El Niño phenomenon on the horizon,
00:05:19and everything indicates that we are not prepared to receive
00:05:23that El Niño phenomenon, despite the fact that everyone already knows in advance
00:05:27that it will come, with a political
00:05:30and institutional crisis. We have had 10 presidents in the last 10
00:05:33years, and also a period of
00:05:36economic
00:05:39slowdown. In other words, there are signs
00:05:44crisis, but what Keiko Fujimori doesn't say is
00:05:47that this whole framework has been
00:05:50a product of her government, because she is the one
00:05:54who has governed in recent years, since December 7,
00:05:582022, clearly illegally. She has
00:06:01had power from Congress and most of the institutions taken over,
00:06:05and she is the one who has placed the puppet presidents, but also for
00:06:08many years now she removed President Pedro Pablo
00:06:12Kuczynski in the period 2017
00:06:15onwards,
00:06:172018, from the total power she had
00:06:21in Congress, and she already had the previous
00:06:25Congress taken over, so she
00:06:28had the legislative power in her
00:06:31hands. So she is the one who has generated this
00:06:34country, our country, in a permanent crisis. However,
00:06:38she tries to blame the left, which only governed
00:06:41for a year and a half, which is what they allowed Pedro
00:06:45Castillo to govern, well, govern in inverted commas, because
00:06:48here we are also talking to an audience that does not know
00:06:52the details of Peru, and at least to paint it in broad strokes,
00:06:56here we are talking about a rural teacher who came
00:06:59to the presidency by his own efforts,
00:07:02who came, let's say, from the interior of the country,
00:07:05when the story is that the Lima elite is the one
00:07:08that has governed Peru for at least decades. The rural
00:07:12teacher manages to take her to a second
00:07:15round, wins, so from
00:07:19then on, this lady Keiko Fujimori does not accept
00:07:23the results. It takes her at least more than a month to twist her
00:07:27arm and have no choice but to accept that Pedro
00:07:31Castillo won. She then arrives
00:07:34at the government palace and they push her against
00:07:37the ropes from Congress, as you say,
00:07:41and they have given her no mercy
00:07:44from the first day, even before the first day,
00:07:48they corner her, they don't let her govern, and in the
00:07:51end, after a year and a half, through a
00:07:54legal maneuver, they give her a constitutional
00:07:57coup, a legislative coup, and today she ends up in
00:08:03as president. That is also part of how this lady
00:08:07Keiko Fujimori has acted. You have made an excellent summary
00:08:10of what we have experienced
00:08:14Indeed, what we had was a
00:08:17legislative coup, a congressional
00:08:21coup against the legitimate president Pedro
00:08:25Castillo, who was, and this is important,
00:08:28the first president of popular origin representing
00:08:32popular actors and of a political
00:08:35position towards the left to win in
00:08:38Peru electorally, not the first
00:08:42in history, and as
00:08:45out, they did not let him govern from
00:08:48day zero of his mandate, and a year and a half
00:08:52later they gave him this coup, not only from the legislature,
00:08:56but also, it must be said, the armed forces, the national
00:08:59police, all the institutions had a hostile position
00:09:03towards the president, even with very strong pronouncements,
00:09:06and what can I tell you about the big companies and the media?
00:09:09Pedro Castillo began to implement a program
00:09:13of some reforms, not even profound ones,
00:09:17timid reforms perhaps to the liking of
00:09:20many, but he tried to do it,
00:09:26the coup d'état because of what he represented. He represented
00:09:29the oppressed sectors of the country, especially from
00:09:32the interior of the country, the forgotten provinces,
00:09:35the Andean south, the
00:09:37Andes, among others, so that we
00:09:41can understand a little the idiosyncrasy, the
00:09:45social dynamics of Peru.
00:09:48In the right, it is
00:09:51positioned mainly in what is known as Lima, modern
00:09:55Lima. Peru is a very centralist and very racist
00:09:57country, by the way. One third of the population
00:10:01resides in Lima, and with that power,
00:10:04and from there they govern, and that is what happened
00:10:07in the last electoral process as well, an electoral
00:10:11process that leads to a second round,
00:10:14precisely Keiko Fujimori, who was the leader of Alberto
00:10:18Fujimori and all the most rancid right, the Peruvian
00:10:22bourgeoisie, and on the other side, Roberto Sánchez,
00:10:25who appears as the delegate representative
00:10:29of Pedro Castillo and representing the large oppressed majorities
00:10:33of the country. Let's remember that Pedro Castillo is currently imprisoned
00:10:37or kidnapped. A side note, the UN,
00:10:40through its Working Group on Arbitrary
00:10:44Detention, issued a very important
00:10:48report less than a
00:10:51month ago stating that Mr. Pedro Castillo
00:10:55was detained, and that his right to defense and due
00:10:59process were not respected. Of course, it recommended
00:11:02his immediate release, and of course, this government
00:11:06has turned a deaf ear to that
00:11:10call, despite the fact that the people have mobilized demanding
00:11:14his release. So, it is in this context that
00:11:18this electoral process takes place,
00:11:21in which Keiko Fujimori also wins in the second
00:11:25round with serious accusations of fraud
00:11:28and very murky things that happened in that electoral process. Juan
00:11:32Diego, I invite you to take a short break. We are
00:11:35talking with Juan Diego Mota directly from
00:11:39Lima. Juan Diego is a lawyer and political
00:11:42analyst. We are talking about Keiko Fujimori
00:11:46and her inauguration as
00:11:47president of Peru.
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00:14:03We continue talking with Juan Diego Mota directly
00:14:07from Lima. Juan Diego is a lawyer and political
00:14:10analyst. We are talking about Keiko Fujimori,
00:14:14who assumes the presidency of Peru, to put into
00:14:17perspective a tool that
00:14:20Alberto Fujimori used for 10 years
00:14:23of dictatorship, during which he was accused and
00:14:26also convicted of human rights violations left and
00:14:30right. Here we are talking about a term that
00:14:34in Peru, in some way, I don't know if Alberto Fujimori
00:14:37implemented it, but in his
00:14:41decade
00:14:43he practiced it, and that is the
00:14:47word "terruquear", "terruqueo".
00:14:50Basically, as we understand, it
00:14:53is to accuse anyone who is an opponent
00:14:57of the government of being a terrorist.
00:15:00So they not only label you
00:15:03as part of that "terruqueo",
00:15:06but because they label you as a terrorist,
00:15:10they can put you through a legal process where you can
00:15:13end up in prison for the simple fact
00:15:16of disagreeing with, for example, in the case of Alberto
00:15:20Fujimori, with a ferocious
00:15:23dictatorship. This "terruqueo" that today
00:15:26they also practice, coming from the north, and they practice
00:15:30it against opponents, giving them the title of terrorist
00:15:33for demonstrating, as they do in Argentina, for human
00:15:37rights. This lady Keiko
00:15:41Fujimori, heir to all that, continues
00:15:44to practice or is practicing "terruqueo".
00:15:47Undoubtedly, let's remember that
00:15:51Alberto Fujimori senior was
00:15:55convicted, he has already passed away, he was
00:15:59sentenced to 25 years in prison by national
00:16:02courts. Previously there was an international
00:16:06process for crimes against
00:16:09humanity for human rights violations. Basically there were
00:16:12three cases in this regard, what is known as the La
00:16:16Cantuta university massacre where
00:16:20a paramilitary commando obeying direct orders
00:16:23from his government kidnapped students and a professor
00:16:26to assassinate them because they were
00:16:28opposition. The Barrios Altos massacre
00:16:32where the same paramilitary commando under his
00:16:36orders entered a popular
00:16:39party in a popular area of Lima
00:16:43and massacred everyone at that meeting, including
00:16:46children, a 9-year-old child
00:16:48was murdered, in addition to
00:16:52a sentence for kidnapping
00:16:55journalists, even some businessmen.
00:16:58That is not fiction, that is not only
00:17:01literature, those are sentences against Alberto
00:17:04Fujimori Senior, in addition to sentences,
00:17:07pay attention, for corruption and embezzlement,
00:17:1115 million soles, approximately 5 million dollars,
00:17:14that were paid from the national treasury by order of
00:17:16Fujimori to his accomplice, his right-hand
00:17:20man Vladimir Montesinos, the man who managed the entire
00:17:24intelligence service, also linked to the CIA and
00:17:27so on, and to drug trafficking.
00:17:30This gentleman was paid 15 million soles
00:17:34for compensation for time of service, which was completely
00:17:38illegal. Another sentence also for
00:17:4115 million soles for paying
00:17:44parliamentarians, congressmen, to change
00:17:47sides, to change their vote. That is also even
00:17:50recorded in videos receiving the money in bundles.
00:17:54Buying media, buying
00:17:57pollsters, all that is
00:18:00judicial processes, in sentences. So
00:18:03one of the mechanisms Alberto Fujimori used
00:18:07was repression to silence his opponents. Fujimori
00:18:10senior used populism on one side,
00:18:13he gave money, injection of money,
00:18:17and on the other side, repression.
00:18:20That has been the logic, the logic
00:18:23of the carrot and the stick. Well, the
00:18:26daughter repeats and perfects that
00:18:29mechanism. For example, with the inauguration
00:18:33speech, she gave a populist speech promising
00:18:35to deliver money, bonds.
00:18:39She has promised to deliver even school kits, sweaters.
00:18:43She said that in her inauguration speech, at that
00:18:46basic level her populist discourse reaches. I'm going to give
00:18:50away sweaters to children, I'm going to
00:18:53but the repression continues.
00:18:56In the picketed government of Dina Boluarte,
00:19:00who takes over after Pedro Castillo,
00:19:03promoted by Congress, after the coup d'état,
00:19:06promoted by Fujimorism, more than 50 Peruvians
00:19:09were killed, electoral processes were opened,
00:19:13and all based on this issue you mentioned, "terruqueo,"
00:19:16that is, accusing opponents of participating
00:19:20in terrorist organizations, without any proof,
00:19:23simply accusing them, and well, once imprisoned,
00:19:27defend yourselves, prove your innocence, when that does not
00:19:31withstand the slightest legal analysis. Innocence is presumed,
00:19:35it does not have to be demonstrated. That is what
00:19:38Fujimori has done and is doing. Juan Diego, you have
00:19:42said, and I quote your exact words, "the weakening
00:19:46of Peruvian democracy and the crisis of political
00:19:49representation." You have warned about this on numerous
00:19:52occasions. Are we once again facing
00:19:56another chapter of the same disease?
00:19:59Yes, undoubtedly. One of the characteristics of Fujimorism
00:20:03in power, we have seen it with the father and with the
00:20:07daughter from Congress, is the co-optation of all
00:20:10democratic, legal institutions
00:20:14of the country. They control the constitutional
00:20:18court, they control the judiciary, they
00:20:21control the public ministry, that is,
00:20:24the prosecutor's office. Now, most recently, they have
00:20:28taken control of the electoral bodies, and this last
00:20:31point, just to make a parenthesis, has been
00:20:34very surprising and serious because
00:20:38in the last electoral process that the country experienced, where Keiko Fujimori
00:20:42was proclaimed president, there were
00:20:45two rounds, two turns, the first round and then
00:20:49the second round, the runoff. The curious thing is
00:20:52that between those two rounds, when the electoral process had already been
00:20:56called, breaking any rule
00:21:00of existing democratic institutionality, the person
00:21:04in charge of the electoral body was changed,
00:21:08and the rules of the electoral process were changed.
00:21:11It's like you start a game in the first
00:21:15half with a referee and certain rules,
00:21:19and in the second
00:21:22and change the rules. That's what happened in the electoral
00:21:26process that declared Keiko Fujimori the winner, and among
00:21:29other things, because she took control through
00:21:33Congress of these electoral organizations,
00:21:37these electoral institutions. So yes, Fujimorism
00:21:39tends to destroy democracy,
00:21:43let's say a true popular democracy,
00:21:46demonstrating the limits of representative democracy
00:21:50and converts it into a democracy for its
00:21:53interests, a democracy
00:21:56of the bourgeoisie that she represents. Well, for
00:22:00example, in Ecuador, Luisa González, who
00:22:03was Daniel Noboa's rival, the son
00:22:06of Ecuador's richest man, born
00:22:09in the United States, and whose organization
00:22:12links his father to the export of
00:22:14bananas and cocaine inside the
00:22:18bananas.
00:22:20Luisa González says that the playing field is
00:22:24tilted and that's why she lost, because
00:22:27there was fraud. Here, the playing field, in some
00:22:30way, Roberto Sánchez, let's say, Pedro
00:22:33Castillo's heir, also suggests that
00:22:37the playing field is tilted, because as
00:22:40you say, when it seems like Infantino
00:22:43is halfway through the game, he changes the rules of
00:22:47the game. So the issue is,
00:22:50is the playing field tilted
00:22:53from an electoral point of view? And Keiko
00:22:56Fujimori made sure that Roberto Sánchez's accusations
00:23:00came true, that in the end there was fraud here.
00:23:04I believe so, there are enough indications that
00:23:07show great irregularities in the process that could
00:23:10lead us to say that
00:23:12it is a fraudulent
00:23:15process, and look, unfortunately, these are no longer isolated
00:23:19symptoms, but they show a systematic action,
00:23:22not only in the country, but in Latin America. Look
00:23:26at what is happening in Colombia, what you mentioned in Ecuador,
00:23:29what happened in Honduras, in the last electoral
00:23:33processes, and what was later testified, what became
00:23:36known as the Honduras Gate, where
00:23:39sinister foreign powers, basically from North America,
00:23:43from Israel, would have been behind
00:23:47many of these electoral processes to ensure control
00:23:52what Donald Trump and
00:23:55the US government have called in official
00:23:59statements and documents
00:24:02"retaking control of their
00:24:05space." For
00:24:07this, a
00:24:09vital
00:24:14and backward discourse,
00:24:18so
00:24:21that has also been seen in this electoral
00:24:24process where, as I was
00:24:27telling you, the first results,
00:24:30even from right-wing pollsters, gave
00:24:36and then, as the days went by, in a vote
00:24:38count that lasted almost a month,
00:24:42which is also unheard of, the result was
00:24:46turned around, and it was turned around mainly
00:24:49by the votes of Peruvians abroad. And what happened
00:24:53abroad? Well, the rules of the game were changed,
00:24:57from the first to the second round. Before, it was
00:25:00allowed or mandatory that the votes be digitized
00:25:04electronically and sent, both in
00:25:08diplomatic pouch, the physical vote, the ballot,
00:25:11in Peru, people still vote by hand,
00:25:15as well as the digitized voting result, sent
00:25:18together to Peru. Well, that changed,
00:25:21it was no longer digitized in situ abroad,
00:25:25at the polling place, in front of all the witnesses
00:25:29who had been present, the party representatives of each group,
00:25:33the polling station members, etc., but only the
00:25:36bags were sent, and without the strict control that
00:25:40there used to be, it was no longer sent by diplomatic
00:25:44pouch but by any pouch, and
00:25:47the chain of control was broken. In some
00:25:51cases, for example, the votes from Argentina
00:25:55to Peru took three days to arrive, on a flight
00:25:58that normally takes 4 or 5 hours. So what
00:26:02is said is that throughout that transfer, there are also
00:26:06multiple complaints from citizens who say that they were
00:26:09impersonated, and they prove it with evidence, even
00:26:12there are videos, etc. The hypothesis that
00:26:16is being handled is that there would have been
00:26:19vote manipulation. That is what is being
00:26:23denounced. Also, another curious fact is that
00:26:26days before, weeks before, ambassadors from
00:26:29uh Argentina, Spain, the United States, uh.
00:26:33where irregularities in the
00:26:36handling of the vote
00:26:39have just been denounced, so all that leads us to think that indeed this
00:26:43takeover of the institutions and the electoral
00:26:45process has placed Keiko as an
00:26:49illegitimate president. Finally, then, Juan Diego, we are
00:26:53talking about this being the fourth time
00:26:56that Keiko Fujimori tried to reach
00:26:59the presidency, she achieved it this
00:27:02fourth time. Where does the Peruvian left stand in the face of all
00:27:06this panorama? The Peruvian left, to talk about
00:27:10the left, there are several sectors of the left, right? There is an institutional
00:27:13left, let's say, a left uh
00:27:17more connected with the past and a new left, right?
00:27:20that is emerging, that represents the popular sectors,
00:27:24that new left is the one that found in a citizen like
00:27:27Pedro Castillo, without much political
00:27:30training, one of its representatives. before and then now with Roberto
00:27:34Sánchez as a follower. These
00:27:37sectors, especially those from the interior of the country, from the southern
00:27:41Andes, among others, I think they are the
00:27:45hope of what is being cooked up in Peru
00:27:48from the humblest and organized sectors that, for
00:27:52example, on July 28th, when Keiko Fujimori
00:27:55gave her inauguration speech, they mobilized
00:27:59a large number of people in the streets
00:28:03protesting, no, opposing and not recognizing the
00:28:06government of Keiko Fujimori. A very important gesture was
00:28:09that Roberto Sánchez and the congressmen
00:28:12who have been able to reach
00:28:16the Senate, the Chamber of Deputies,
00:28:19left Keiko Fujimori talking to herself in the chamber
00:28:22and joined the protests. This is important, right?
00:28:26Because the link between the
00:28:29representatives and
00:28:32the officials, let's say, who are in power in
00:28:36Congress and the masses is being re-established, and
00:28:40that's right, the masses should lead. The representatives are
00:28:43simply the messengers of the masses, and
00:28:45that's a good sign that the people don't forget, the
00:28:49people are alert, the people mobilize and do not
00:28:52recognize Ms. Fujimori as a legitimate president. Juan Diego Mota,
00:28:55thank you very much for being with us, thank
00:28:58you.
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00:30:35standard, because Telesur always gives more,
00:30:56hello, happy night, welcome to this Telesur news broadcast.