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00:00:02Scoreline every weekend on TRT
00:00:05World.
00:00:20our main headlines. The Saudi Civil Aviation authority
00:00:23say that at least 12 people have been killed and more than 300 injured in
00:00:27the latest
00:00:28a attack on the King
00:00:29of Khalid in. national airport in Riad. The statement did not assign
00:00:33of blame. The strike on Riad's main airport was the third this week, and
00:00:37it's prompted US President Donald Trump to consider whether to join the
00:00:41of fight against the Ansarhouthis in
00:00:45of Yemen. The
00:00:46of UK's maritime organization say that it has received
00:00:49a report of fire on board an outbound tanker in the straight of Homus
00:00:53after it was struck by an unknown projectile. It comes after several
00:00:56ships anchored near Rasal Khama in the United Arab. Emirates, not
00:01:00far from the straight were instructed to leave. Earlier on Saturday,
00:01:04Iran's revolutionary guard said that a tanker transiting the waterway,
00:01:08along what it called an unauthorized route exploded after it hit a
00:01:13of mine. President Donald Trump says it's time for Ukraine to get
00:01:17new president. It follows criticism from his Ukrainian
00:01:20counterpart a US diesel deal
00:01:23of with Russia. Vladimir Zelensky warns the deal will only enable
00:01:26Russia's war.
00:01:28of The agreement expected to lead to the release. of 300
00:01:31thousand tons of Russian fuel to the US
00:01:34and global markets and it comes ahead of critical mid-term
00:01:39a elections. Zelinski could have settled this war many times, many,
00:01:43a many times and he cho he chooses not
00:01:46to, very difficult. We said you can do whatever you want to
00:01:50Russia, don't hit the refineries, because that's a world problem
00:01:54that's caused, and he wants to make problems for the world, he
00:01:57wants
00:01:58of to make problems for our farmers, ranches with diesel
00:02:02fuel. Fresh Israeli strikes have hit the
00:02:06Gaza strip on Saturday evening. Gaza City and Dar Albala
00:02:09are among the areas which have been targeted. Earlier Israeli attacks killed
00:02:13at least five Palestinians in Gaza City. More than
00:02:171,400
00:02:18of Palestinians me have been killed since the ceasefire took effect in October last
00:02:22year. In India, thousands of people have been
00:02:26detained after clashes broke out between protesters and police.
00:02:30During youth protests in the country's capital, they are demanding
00:02:33the resignation the country's election
00:03:09Hi there, I'm at the pre cup 31
00:03:11of meetings in Fiji where
00:03:13in stakeholders are trying to work through some
00:03:14of the more difficult issues ahead of Cop 31 which will be held
00:03:18in Turkia
00:03:19in a month's time, so first let's get to why we're
00:03:22here.
00:03:29The Pacific leaders. have
00:03:31in declared in that climate change is the most existential threat to the pacific at the
00:03:34moment, but from from my perspective,
00:03:37a it's climate change coupled with
00:03:40a biodiversity loss uh together with pollution, the
00:03:44coupling of all
00:03:44of these impacts are further exacerbating the impacts of climate change
00:03:48um on the pacific. can you get more specific when you talk about
00:03:52biodiversity loss? what are you referring to exactly? i am referring to
00:03:56the fact that you know anthropogenic uh
00:04:00impacts on biodiversity such as the overextraction of natural
00:04:03resources in in ways that are very unsustainable, a further
00:04:07contributing towards the loss of biodiversity and the loss of nature
00:04:11and that in in turn is impacting on
00:04:15the Pacific's
00:04:16in ability to respond
00:04:18of efficiently and effectively to the impacts of climate change, so for
00:04:22pacifical countries and for those at the classic
00:04:25level, nature is their best allied to addressing the climate
00:04:28impacts and and the ability of nature to be
00:04:31of able to provide those
00:04:32of ecosystem services for adaptation but as well as for mitigation
00:04:36is being threatened then that actually
00:04:40you know puts communities much more
00:04:42in vulnerable and more susceptible to the impacts of climate change. what do you
00:04:46think can actually be accomplished um at
00:04:49preecop as it pertains to
00:04:52um b loss, rising sea levels, all the
00:04:56issues that are being brought up here, what can be accomplished during these talks?
00:05:00I think pr actually
00:05:02provides um a blueprint or road map
00:05:06towards what the pacific would like to see um
00:05:10achieved um or taken to cup 31. um in
00:05:13Antalia, so I think uh
00:05:15here at Prikup not only just specific governments are here, but you
00:05:19have huge um
00:05:23uh uh plathor of delegates from civil society organizations, including
00:05:27community voices and representatives that are here, those that are here that will be able
00:05:31to travel to cop 31 and those who are here but won't be able to
00:05:35travel to cup 31 and everybody has been singing the same
00:05:38terms uh you know asking global leaders to to...
00:05:42sure that 1.5 degree stays alive uh in terms the decisions that are
00:05:46going to be adopted at cop um also to
00:05:49ensure can 1.5 degrees stay alive yeah to ensure that 1.5
00:05:53degrees um um the global target is maintained
00:05:57in terms the decisions that needs to be adopted at cop so
00:06:01if decisions needs to be adopted to be in line with the global target of
00:06:05maintaining 1.5 degrees and so that is actually
00:06:08important for pacific people um also the pacific is
00:06:12talking about the importance of recognizing that you cannot address
00:06:16climate without including oceans and ocean actions in that,
00:06:20so we see lot of uh of unified voices calling
00:06:24for a stronger outcome on oceans including the ocean
00:06:27climate nexus at cop 31 and i'm kind of glad that the pacific leaders have
00:06:31agreed and together with the the the turkey
00:06:34presidency has also agreed that cop 31 is
00:06:38actually going to be a blue cop uh the other things that cover the pacific
00:06:42and leaders are called for is the need for a just and
00:06:46efficient and accelerated transition away from fossil fuel and that is
00:06:50actually quite key because we really really need to work with
00:06:54the science which is telling us that we need to transition away from castle fuel
00:06:58but also ensuring that um while we
00:07:01transition away from fossil fuel we are also
00:07:05looking at what will be the road map in terms of um
00:07:08electrification uh and in terms of renewable energy? not
00:07:12just at the global level
00:07:13but for the pacific and how do we finance that um that road map
00:07:17for the pacific for that transition and also it's about
00:07:21time to be implementing we have right uh 20 this is
00:07:2520 26 we have only few years left to get to
00:07:282030 uh and so cop 31 needs to be
00:07:31implementation cop so how do we translate all of those
00:07:35huge commitments that the leaders have already made and the decisions that needs to be
00:07:39adopted at cop31 to enforce and to you know
00:07:42provide the enabling conditions for implementation,
00:07:45you know, if cop 31 is called implementation cup, that was also what was called
00:07:49cop 30 in Brazil, that was also was called the copy
00:07:52for that, both implementation cup and the action corps, so we keep
00:07:55pushing this title further down as the years
00:07:59pass, but you did mention quite a bit agree of agreement at
00:08:02precop, which i think is quite positive, but as it comes to
00:08:06the how we implement um strategies to tackling
00:08:10the comic crisis, there is always lot of disagreement, where do you see
00:08:14disagreement at precop?
00:08:17um, i don't see lot of disagreement
00:08:21here at prop, because almost um the majority the participants here
00:08:25at prikup,
00:08:25i believe are from the pacific, and the pacific is speaking with the unified voice, but
00:08:29implementation, you have to look at it from a whole perspective,
00:08:32implementation requires technical support, requires science,
00:08:36requires uh uh technology and innovation,
00:08:39implementation also requires financing. um and those are the
00:08:43things that have been promised but not yet really delivered on the ground and
00:08:47so how do we ensure that we we go towards pre coup
00:08:51with clear idea as to where other road blocks
00:08:55are and how can we get the political will to try and
00:08:59address the road blocks to ensure that we are able to
00:09:02deliver um as promised under the you know and all
00:09:06the you the the the parties to the to the Paris agreement has agreed
00:09:10to under the you know to get to that one. 1.5
00:09:13degree. Now let's talk about money. Here in the Pacific
00:09:16communities already spending money uh moving their
00:09:20homes. They're spending money rebuilding after disasters, securing the
00:09:24island's coastlines and securing fresh water. And the argument
00:09:27here is about who should pay for all of that. A lot the wealthier
00:09:31countries, the countries that are contributing the most to carbon emissions are
00:09:35failing to meet their obligations under the law. Um, these are laws
00:09:39that were already passed and recognized earlier, but "the international court of
00:09:43justice advisory opinion reaffirms those obligations,
00:09:47obligations that states are failing to meet, so with our work now,
00:09:51now that we have the advisor opinion, we're trying to get people and states to
00:09:54recognize that they have an obligation to prevent climate harm, and also
00:09:57hopefully use that in our negotiations at pre cop and cop uh and to
00:10:01take polluting states to court if there is no avenues for reparations of
00:10:05justice, and i was just work for countries that do not recognize the
00:10:08ICJ, i think then that falls to individual states to..."
00:10:12to way out whether it's worth even having relations with these
00:10:15states um and to perhaps explore other avenues of
00:10:19negotiation or diplomacy that ensures that our people are being protected
00:10:23because at the moment ' um with the trajectory that we're on, we
00:10:27are not going to see justice for the countries that are contributing the least to
00:10:30these issues, but are struggling the most on the front
00:10:33lines,
00:10:35but a more basic level, why do you think a wealthy country would not
00:10:39want to help another financially? um, i think if
00:10:43you talk about wealth, it goes back to the conversation of colonialism and
00:10:46noolonialism. um, what we are seeing is
00:10:50states that have benefited from extraction, build
00:10:53themselves up financially, "and now they're so comfortable in their positions that
00:10:57they're refusing to recognize the responsibilities, so this is really a
00:11:01question of principle and whether we can rely on our partners and
00:11:05our states to uphold human rights
00:11:08and one the means being
00:11:12offered up as loans, so it's
00:11:15quite odd to ask a poor country that was not responsible for the
00:11:19climate crisis to to borrow money from the wealthier countries
00:11:23that were responsible." to
00:11:27finance their mitigation, adaptation, loss and I mean to fix
00:11:31stuff when things get broken of climate disaster, it seems very unfair.
00:11:35Yeah, so what the advisory opinion clarified was that states have
00:11:39a common but differentiated responsibility, larger politing states have the
00:11:43responsibility to fund the just transition, so ensure that there is
00:11:46funding for these um for these smaller states that haven't
00:11:50contributed so much, but also that they are part the first
00:11:54movement. into the just transition that they're moving away from fossil
00:11:57fuels. um, so the other thing that the advisor opinion also clarified was
00:12:01that states do not now have um
00:12:05voluntary obligation, it's requirement to fund
00:12:09these um these transitions, and so it's no longer a
00:12:13question of charity, it's a question of obligation, and if states fail to meet
00:12:17those obligations financially as well, that can be litigated against in
00:12:21international law. do you think that's part the issue that?
00:12:25welfare countries was seeing this as charity? very much
00:12:29so. mean, we've experienced so much colonialism and
00:12:32extraction where wealthier countries feel entitled to our
00:12:36resources and now refuse to give back to our people. we did
00:12:40not contribute to this issue. we do not create this issue, but we are the ones
00:12:43paying. and again, it comes back to the principle of it
00:12:47all, our states willing to uphold human
00:12:49rights at its core, or are they willing to
00:12:53look only inwards and be? in their approach to
00:12:57humanity. have you seen any positive discussions about crime
00:13:00of phen? i think we've seen
00:13:04lots of very progressive and
00:13:07optimistic conversations, but what it really relies on is action,
00:13:11so we need not just the conversation to be preaching to the choir, but for our
00:13:15states and our leaders to use those arguments in
00:13:19the negotiations at precop and cop and also to litigate against polluting
00:13:23states. um... "I think even without movement of young people, we've
00:13:27shown the world that there is movement towards justice, there is
00:13:31a transition away from that um status quo that
00:13:35doesn't serve our people, but we need our leaders to act on
00:13:39that uh on that momentum. I know the cop
00:13:42presidency, cop 31 presidency is talking about cop 31 being
00:13:46implementation cop, ironically few other cops before that were
00:13:50also called implementation cops, do you have any faith that cop 31 could actually
00:13:54move the needle a?" the one well a positive
00:13:57direction. i think with the advisory opinion
00:14:00now um passed as resolution at the united nations general
00:14:04assembly states have a stronger obligation to
00:14:08uphold and operationalize on it and so if we
00:14:11are going to call this implementation cop then we need to actually show
00:14:15that with the outcomes. um
00:14:18i think for the most part we've seen lots of ambitious
00:14:22language but we now need action on that. language and so
00:14:26if states want to call this the um implementation cop, we need to act
00:14:30on it and ensure that the outcomes reflect that, it's not just
00:14:34words, they're actions, but do you expect that to happen?
00:14:38hope so. um, guess it really
00:14:42just depends on whether our states are hearing us and will they push for that
00:14:45agenda. do you feel heard? to an
00:14:48extent. to what extent do you not feel
00:14:51heard? um... This
00:14:55is heavy question, I think states
00:14:59are worldwide failing to meet their obligations regarding
00:15:03human rights, and so we need to find the
00:15:06baseline for what we want for our people and for our
00:15:10futures, remember that we are borrowing from the future generations, not just
00:15:14from those that currently exist, and so in
00:15:17every conversation remind ourselves that it's the
00:15:21future generation that we are fighting for. on this earth will be
00:15:25very limited and we might not see the worst of climate change, but
00:15:29it is
00:15:29the next generation who we are borrowing for that needs us to advocate
00:15:33for them and us to protect them from
00:15:36the from the harms that we have created. so I don't know how to
00:15:40answer whether we've been hurt or not, I feel like we've been platformed enough,
00:15:44we've been tokenized enough, it's time to change that into
00:15:48action. And lastly, um, if Cop 31 does not
00:15:52deliver, Fiji is already
00:15:55seeing less rainfall with the
00:15:59rainy season starting in November. Il nino is going to make
00:16:03things drastically worse. What do you expect Fiji and the rest
00:16:06the Pacific? islands to look like in
00:16:082027? um,
00:16:12yeah, i think the Pacific is already preparing itself for the worst
00:16:16case scenarios. um, the science has um affirmed that we
00:16:20are set for overshoot, we're going to breach 1.5,
00:16:24ironically your show is cold 2 degrees, but we are fighting for 1.5
00:16:28because that is the legal red line uh, and the scientific red line, and
00:16:31so we're hoping financially that states will recognize
00:16:35that they have an obligation. whether you look
00:16:38at the law or you just look at humanity and its principles,
00:16:42there is need for financing our people, for financing our futures and
00:16:46ensuring that we are not going to drown, that we keep fighting, that
00:16:50is the mantra the pacific, we are not drowning, we are fighting, um,
00:16:54and we hope that our allies, states that care for us, states
00:16:57that are in these conversations and negotiations, remember that
00:17:01there are real people behind these um statistics and numbers, it's the work
00:17:05that we do with the witness stand as well, trying to... publicize that human rights
00:17:09aspect of it and the human face of climate change,
00:17:12so my hope and what we are going to continue fighting for is that
00:17:16states will fund us, will remember that it's not
00:17:19charity, it's
00:17:21not an, it's not a voluntary move, this is an
00:17:24obligation, meanwile you've probably heard 1.5
00:17:28degrees, well hundreds of times to cate 1.5 degrees
00:17:321.5 degree celsius limit, 1.5 degree, keeping
00:17:351.5 in reach to Well
00:17:39here in the Pacific people don't talk about it as though it's just another number
00:17:43here, they're talking about whether their homes remain habitable,
00:17:47whether fresh water becomes salty, whether coral reefs
00:17:50survive and ultimately whether some communities can stay where they
00:17:54are. Give a sense the unique challenges that you, your
00:17:58group, your region, your neighborhood, your area, your district
00:18:01faces, as it's also being led fully by
00:18:04women, climate change and its impact.
00:18:07is um the biggest challenge that we
00:18:10face
00:18:11uh uh in our daily lives in the village, you name it
00:18:15rising sea level um
00:18:18our
00:18:20um um our uh the salt
00:18:24water is reaching our gardens and um you
00:18:28know as mother our foods our crops are growing
00:18:32smaller every day so our food security is
00:18:36also affect. and not only
00:18:39that um also we
00:18:41watch um uh grave sides
00:18:45of our ancestors being washed away right in front of us, so
00:18:49these are the challenges we face uh nearly every single day
00:18:53in the villages, the united nations environmental program just recently talked
00:18:57about us probably breaching 1.5, what do
00:19:01you think that means for your community for my
00:19:04communities? our
00:19:08people, the women and the children of Nadula,
00:19:121.5 degree is our
00:19:15lifeline, it is not
00:19:18negotiable, we cannot go beyond 1.5
00:19:22degree, um, like even
00:19:26right now, fish are harder to find,
00:19:30so if we go beyond 1.5, what, what
00:19:34will it mean for our people, what it, what will it mean for?
00:19:37fish fishermen who go out to see every day,
00:19:41even right now it's hard to find fish, yeah,
00:19:45i was speaking with with village leader just
00:19:48yesterday, and she was talking
00:19:52about um, yes,
00:19:56the globe is getting hotter and normally it rains, the rainy season
00:19:59starts in November, but over the past months, year you've been
00:20:03seeing lot less rain, and you guys uh can actually...
00:20:07tell when the rain is coming when a storm is coming because the bread
00:20:10fruit they get bigger on the trees so
00:20:14less rain less water means what for you if you rely so much on
00:20:18agriculture as well as fish
00:20:21so um i'm blessed
00:20:24to live with um to
00:20:28live with elders who have taught us to live through the
00:20:32hardest times of our lives and i am
00:20:36also blessed that my communities are made up of resilient
00:20:39people, so what does that mean? for
00:20:43me, being resilient in our
00:20:45communities when hurricanes, mean
00:20:49there's islands is known for the the cyclone pathway to
00:20:53fiji, that is what our islands are known for, so
00:20:57whatever cops that we we grow at home, they are resilliant
00:21:00crops, you name it, jams,
00:21:04kumala,
00:21:05you know, and even right, even
00:21:08now the the traditional science that show
00:21:12us disasters, it is not it is not
00:21:16it is not the actual science anymore.
00:21:20like climate is changing, also the
00:21:24signs are changing, take it for example, during cyclone
00:21:27wins them, it was something big for fiji, mean the strength
00:21:31the cyclone was bigger, so our children
00:21:35came back home, it was no more fruiting of bread fruit
00:21:39trees, so our children came back home with abundance of
00:21:43catch in crabs in small fish,
00:21:46nature was trying to show a science that something new
00:21:50and bigger was coming, but we were not tuning ourselves
00:21:54into the traditional science, so when when the big
00:21:58cyclone went pass, i then taught my children,
00:22:02so these are the new signs that is coming that we are supposed to adapt
00:22:05ourselves, and also elders are
00:22:09teaching us that the the netting
00:22:13the balolo was showing us something different, so it was
00:22:16growing more brown, darker brown and "and
00:22:20that was also signs of bigger cyclones and
00:22:24so what I'm trying to say here is we
00:22:28live now an era where
00:22:30our people are actually thought
00:22:34to fit ourselves to the changes that is
00:22:38happening, so for drying water sources, I mean prolongeng
00:22:42routs, drying water sources we are also
00:22:45taught to to
00:22:49expand our..." water storage containers and fill
00:22:53up water during the rainy season so that it can take us
00:22:57through during the dry season that there are different other
00:23:00areas no longer we find a nut tree so before
00:23:04when we see a line of nut trees so this is where we can find
00:23:08water nowadays that sign is no longer
00:23:11there now there are new signs that showing us that there
00:23:15is presence of water it's
00:23:19really. found because you know in
00:23:23developed countries the government has reservoirs in charge in
00:23:27charge of storing water for the entire country and communities throughout the
00:23:31country, but in smaller countries, small island states, you have to
00:23:35store water yourself when it's rainy during the rainy season
00:23:39for it to last during the dry season, that's becoming more challenging because you
00:23:43have no idea how long the driciism will last when it comes, do you think
00:23:46do you feel as though your government is doing enough to tack? to what you're
00:23:50going through, government is doing what they can
00:23:54do, um,
00:23:56i know honestly it
00:24:00may be not enough, but i believe a
00:24:03community that is intact and we believe in
00:24:07working together, that has been taught to us by our
00:24:10forefathers
00:24:11that everything is done together as a community, so for
00:24:15storage we have our traditional way of storage of
00:24:19storing. water in our villages, so
00:24:23you know we dig those um those um
00:24:26those deep holes along the along the
00:24:30coast where the are stones so you'll see
00:24:33our the youths in our villages are cracking all those
00:24:37big stones so that the is water storage there so when you go
00:24:41out to to do your farming your
00:24:45scaling of fish is everything is done in the sea and then when you
00:24:48come up to the land, your water is already
00:24:52stored there, so you know we we have our own
00:24:56ways of doing things, that was being taught to us by our
00:25:00elders, so you know that is what i meant when i
00:25:04said when i actually said to live a resilent
00:25:07community, because it was being taught to us by our
00:25:11forefathers that to live through the
00:25:14world disasters of our lives in the villages, i
00:25:18think that's really what people mean when we talk about the knowledge the
00:25:22indigenous people and it passing through the generations, they have all these
00:25:26solutions already. um, i saw you get pretty emotional,
00:25:29not very emotional, emotional when you're talking about the future and
00:25:33protecting it for your children, why? obviously that's very important for you and
00:25:37very big motivating factor, that is
00:25:40something in the history of my advocacy work, when it
00:25:44comes to talking about my people and my children, it
00:25:48really hits me to the heart.
00:25:51because my whole
00:25:54entire life i have been doing things for my people
00:25:58and
00:26:00uh you know and what i've seen seen in when
00:26:04years go by, when i talk
00:26:07about my people, when when my intentions
00:26:10is very general, talking about my people, this is also
00:26:14where
00:26:15i see you know opening of funding opportunities
00:26:17that come to my
00:26:19island homes, it's because
00:26:20we are doing things for the right reason, and then i'm so
00:26:24blessed that when i keep you know when we
00:26:28talk about the climate crisis, the halting of climate crisis.
00:26:33sometimes i go back home and wonder you know
00:26:36did the leaders hear what i
00:26:39said
00:26:41you know keep coming back and challenging world leaders of what we go through
00:26:45at home and then back at
00:26:48home we don't know what climate
00:26:51finances you know back at home my
00:26:55children i will only tell my children
00:26:58that um the pacific nations look up to Australia is the mother.
00:27:02to the pacific nations, and I will only tell my
00:27:06people that the Australian government is there at our door
00:27:09step, if they are supplying water tanks to every, I mean
00:27:13to every households in the village, we hear so much about climate
00:27:17finance, we hear so much about climate
00:27:20adaptation, my children don't know what finance
00:27:23is, all they know is
00:27:25implementation, and that's a
00:27:29show, well there is real purpose here at pr. It obviously
00:27:33can't solve the climate crisis in Fiji or across the planet, but it does
00:27:37have the potential to make it lot more difficult for governments to
00:27:41come to Cup 31 in Turkia in November, pretending that they
00:27:44don't already know what's it take, so until next
00:27:48time,
00:27:49bye.
00:30:16A deadly attack on Riot Airport kills at least 12 people and
00:30:20injures more than 300 including Saudi and US
00:30:30Also ahead on the program donald. Trump calls for a
00:30:33leadership change in Ukraine after President Zelensky
00:30:36criticized his move ease sanctions on Russian
00:30:40desel and thousands march
00:30:43across five continents a coordinated day of global
00:30:47action in solidarity with
00:30:49Palestinians.
00:31:05The first.