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00:00:01of
00:00:14news, of wherever the big news stories
00:00:16of happening, we're
00:00:18get up to break it, tvc news first with breaking
00:00:21news.
00:00:38in Mumbai
00:00:42here at the swara plains conservancy
00:00:46in Machacos County here in the Republic of Kenya here in the
00:00:50in continent of Africa and our discussions on Africa continue
00:00:53today we look at
00:00:55of Mali. Mali is a name
00:00:59and and a country that
00:01:03of has a long history, many people do not
00:01:06know that at one time it was actually called the French Sudan,
00:01:10but
00:01:11in the name that we know it by is derived from the
00:01:14old Mari empire, and we want to look at contemporary
00:01:18issues, but in the context
00:01:22of of a little history so that we understand what is happening
00:01:25now, when Mali gained her
00:01:29in independence, in 1960 with Modibo
00:01:33of Keita as the first president. Modibo
00:01:37of was socialist in orientation and during the
00:01:41entire period that
00:01:43of he governed from 1960 through to
00:01:461968, his
00:01:49country
00:01:50of did suffer quite a bit, remembering at
00:01:53a one time that he was seen to be
00:01:57of anti-france, which was the former colonizer. "and
00:02:00secondly,
00:02:02of that it is a large country with very
00:02:07of diverse kind of population with the northern part being
00:02:10peopled by the nomadic tuarigs and arabs
00:02:14and the
00:02:16of lower part of Mali with quite a number of
00:02:19ethnicities which are, if
00:02:22of you may of
00:02:26in of negroid blood, and the economy suffered, of course there was massive mining in that part
00:02:29of the world, uranium. and other minerals
00:02:31of and in 1968
00:02:35modibo was removed via kudit
00:02:38and Musa
00:02:39of Traore who then came as the president of Mali
00:02:43and governed for very long time of a period of nearly
00:02:4723 years really
00:02:50was in many ways
00:02:52a clant
00:02:53of the French and one begins to see
00:02:56even in those early days the agitation.
00:03:00so that when
00:03:01of tomani ture comes
00:03:04in and there is attempted coup
00:03:08in 2012, then there is insurgency, that
00:03:12is the beginning
00:03:13of the insurgency that remains alive in
00:03:17mali today, and the creation
00:03:21of what is known as the
00:03:23of other word liberation movement, the other word liberation
00:03:27movement comprising largely the tur
00:03:30population says we want to create our own
00:03:34country and that is
00:03:35the basis on which they start these agitation and of course they
00:03:39catch Mari its point of weakness in the coup in the year
00:03:432012 and at that time one also sees the
00:03:47emergence of al-qaeda, the al-qaeda
00:03:51is active in the middle
00:03:53of east, but they are
00:03:55a copycut organization that are faithful to the agenda of
00:03:59al-qaida. "and they two move into
00:04:03this space and combine their efforts
00:04:05with the trings and the other word movement then takes place. Of
00:04:09course, there is a period during
00:04:11in which one can say there is democracy with President Ali Konare,
00:04:15and after that in the
00:04:17of year 2020 and the year
00:04:20of 2021, to cous in quick succession with
00:04:24a simi goita being at the center of it all, and when a Simi
00:04:28gets into power, it must..." be understood that that is the
00:04:31beginning
00:04:32of the wave
00:04:33of the sahalian ko deters, so that Mali Cou,
00:04:37as we already know, Niger Ku, as we already know, Bukinaku, as we
00:04:41already know, Guiine, Konak, as we already know, and the
00:04:45insurgence increases and the French are at the heart
00:04:48of this, the French are at the
00:04:50of heart of it because they see Mari as a priced
00:04:54position where you can get your uranium for a song,
00:04:58and when the... Sahalian
00:05:01countries begin to move away
00:05:05from France, they say number one, we don't
00:05:08want your army
00:05:10of to be present in Mali. "the French are told to
00:05:14pack and go, they are told you are mining
00:05:17companies, we are not interested in them, we are going to
00:05:20negotiate other contracts at that time, and the Russian
00:05:24African core is one that must be understood in the
00:05:28context the activities that are taking place in that
00:05:31area, so that when the Russian administration now takes charge
00:05:35and is beginning to offer its assistance to the
00:05:39sahalians and in Mali, it must be understood and..." "and
00:05:43sometimes, I think it is important to point
00:05:46out why Russia sometimes appears to be
00:05:50preferred a number of African countries for historical
00:05:53reasons, and this history can be understood in this
00:05:56way, Russia was never a
00:05:58colonizer, and for that
00:06:01it is given the benefit of doubt. Russia, as we
00:06:05know it, having been a part the Soviet
00:06:09Union, was seen as a supporter of..." the struggle
00:06:13for independence in those early days, so that the
00:06:16most socialist inclined leaders at that time
00:06:20gravitated towards the the Soviet Union
00:06:24then and Russia now, and Modibo Keita,
00:06:28who was the first president of Mali, was seen in
00:06:32that mold, and many the leaders that we now find
00:06:36like Asasimi Goita are also
00:06:39gravitating towards Russia. because it
00:06:43is a counterweight to what are seen
00:06:46as the parasitic tendencies the former
00:06:50colonizer, conforma colonizer france who
00:06:54has been mining in that area for
00:06:58many years, who have been taking the resources of that
00:07:02country for many years without returning
00:07:06anything that actually helped the economy, and
00:07:09indeed for those of us who are familiar with what is happening in
00:07:13Mali, you go to Bamaco, you think Bamaco could be
00:07:17better in terms of provision of electricity, you go to other
00:07:21parts, you see that it could be much better that they could get
00:07:25lot more, so this presence the
00:07:29Russians at this particular point is very
00:07:32significant, because it is not said as loudly as it
00:07:36should, perhaps that the French having
00:07:39been expelled - to be
00:07:43offering some tasset support to the
00:07:47secessionist groups, particularly in the
00:07:50other word, and it is the
00:07:54Russians who have been in the forefront of number one
00:07:57training the Maleian forces, and when you are training the
00:08:01Malaian forces, it means a number of things that first of all,
00:08:05you are dealing with individuals who are trained in France,
00:08:09so there is an element in which they must be made. to
00:08:12unlearn some the things that they learned during the
00:08:16French. Number two, you are also training a force
00:08:20where there is no shortage of fifth columnists who would want to
00:08:23undermine the regime. Three, you are also training
00:08:27an environment where there is active
00:08:31rebellion, and we have seen therefore that in the recent
00:08:34past it is the Russians who have offered logistics,
00:08:38it is the Russians who have offered equipment, it is the Russians who
00:08:42have... showed that there is buffer between the
00:08:45tuaregs and the Arabs from the north who a number of
00:08:49occasions have actually briched the security
00:08:52cordons and even attacked Bamako
00:08:56itself and compromising security, so when
00:09:00one sees it in that regard, one sees
00:09:04that the presence the Russians is changing the
00:09:08equation a number of levels and these are
00:09:12the levels. number one: stability:
00:09:15stability requires among other things that you have the
00:09:18ability to fend off, forces which are being
00:09:22supported from outside, and the African
00:09:26core, which is the Russian African core is
00:09:30helping in the stabilization the
00:09:33northern parts of Mali. remember that
00:09:37when the French left, the malian
00:09:41army was pre dominantly being supplied from
00:09:44France, and when the French were
00:09:48expelled and therefore left, that particular
00:09:52supply chain was cut with the
00:09:55consequence that you can no longer equip your army in the
00:09:59manner that you desire, and this gap has been
00:10:03filled by the African core, which is now being
00:10:07equipped by the Russian Federation, and in this regard
00:10:10is offering security. in different parts of Mali, and
00:10:14Mali is an expansive country,
00:10:18and it is not only expansive, it is at the very
00:10:22heart the Sahara desert, and that tells you, that the
00:10:25terrain is also one that is not easy
00:10:29to deal with. the third thing is that we are also
00:10:33dealing with a government whose
00:10:36resources have been undermined. remember that Mali, like
00:10:40most Sahalian states had their economies being controlled from
00:10:44Paris, so in terms of funding this military
00:10:47operation, the African core has also created an
00:10:51opportunity where you can have alternative sourcing.
00:10:55and of course the other thing, the fourth one, if that
00:10:59is the correct ordering, is that for a long
00:11:03time the minds, particularly of
00:11:06uranium were being exploited by french
00:11:09companies, most of which were not remitting money in
00:11:13the proper manner, and the African core is
00:11:17now providing necessary security, and it is
00:11:21giving the manyan administration the power to negotiate.
00:11:25because the whole idea with the
00:11:29relationship between Russia and these countries is that
00:11:33it ought to be trade rather than aid, and that
00:11:36very much depends on how countries in Africa also defined
00:11:40their agenda, so one sees in what one sees in the
00:11:44African core is a stabilizing force, of course
00:11:48the detractors will see and say that what
00:11:52is the difference, you are simply exchanging... France for Russia
00:11:55it
00:11:56is not anything different
00:11:58and really it is in the best
00:12:01interest of Mali and indeed any other
00:12:05country to define what they need. There are certain
00:12:09things that the African core can do which Mali does not have
00:12:13the capacity to do
00:12:14and it
00:12:14is in the interest of Mali therefore and when I listen to
00:12:18simi goita a number of occasions he is creating the
00:12:22impression which impression I think is useful. and which
00:12:25impression I think must be backed by action that this
00:12:29relationship between us and the African core is one
00:12:32that is defined by certain clear agenda items
00:12:36and they are not here to stay forever once they have fulfilled
00:12:40what we desire and we have the capacity then we will remain
00:12:44friends but they will go back so that to me is the
00:12:47value the African core and its present
00:12:51activities in the Republic of Mali and under the
00:12:55administration of Asimi Goita, which is struggling with
00:12:59insurgency, which insurgency it is being
00:13:03alleged without any evidence so far that is
00:13:06being financed by a multiple sources,
00:13:10possibly including even the former colonizer, but it
00:13:14is a situation that remains very fragile, and the
00:13:17African core, I believe is playing a
00:13:21useful role as indeed acknowledged. by the
00:13:25Malaian administration, ladies and gentlemen,
00:13:29we continue our conversations regarding the continent of
00:13:32Africa, but as you know, we continue this
00:13:36conversation in the knowledge that it can never be exhausted,
00:13:39but we will see you again, welcome when we come
00:13:43next, thank you very
00:13:44much.
00:14:01I am Pierod Mumbai here at the Suara Plains
00:14:05conservancy in Machacos County here in
00:14:09the Republic of Kenya in the continent of Africa and
00:14:13we today focus on what is as
00:14:16contemporary as contemporary can't be but from
00:14:20different perspective. You know
00:14:23Africa continues. to play its
00:14:26role, it has been described variously as the
00:14:30third world, developing world, and in this
00:14:34context she finds herself a situation
00:14:37where she is interacting with different economies and
00:14:41civilization, and one them of course today
00:14:44is the bricks or the Russian
00:14:47federation within bricks, the Chinese, the Indians and
00:14:51the Brazilians, and is in this context that I also... also
00:14:55mention the St. Petersburg International
00:14:59Economic Forum, the St. Petersburg,
00:15:03first convened, if my memory serves me well, in the year
00:15:071997, and it
00:15:11is in many ways a counterweight to
00:15:15some the activities that have dogged the continent of
00:15:19Africa and the global south. It must be
00:15:21remembered that the global south as in
00:15:25many ways been dominated by the
00:15:29conceptual west, particularly through the
00:15:32institutions such as the international monetary
00:15:36fund and the world. bank and of course the WTO
00:15:39sometimes referred to broadly as the Bretton
00:15:43Woods institution and there is a book that is worth
00:15:47reading in this regard when we talk about the domination the
00:15:50global south by the north, it is a
00:15:54book called the bad samaritans by South Korea's Hajon Chang
00:15:58as in did the book by Zambia's
00:16:01dambisamoyo which is about aid
00:16:05dead aid so what is the issue, it used to be
00:16:09said and is still said that when western Europe and
00:16:12America sneezes, African
00:16:15countries goingto a comma, literally so, and that
00:16:19is because the World Bank and the IMF
00:16:23are the primary lenders and they lend
00:16:27you a manner that ensures that you are
00:16:31constantly under their back and call, so when
00:16:35these initiatives such as "the one that
00:16:38started in St. Petersburg, and we have seen
00:16:42activities in India, in Brazil and in
00:16:46China, the whole idea is that the world must
00:16:50proceed on the basis of multipolarity, and that
00:16:53means a number of things, one is that
00:16:57we as much as possible must
00:16:59dedolarize, the dedolarization
00:17:03means that our economies will be freed and our currencies a..."
00:17:08will then be used for purposes of
00:17:11ensuring that trade is undertaken without the
00:17:14mediation of
00:17:16a currency that one does not control, so that i
00:17:19think is one the thing that emerges periodically from
00:17:23these engagements. number two, that in terms
00:17:27of technological transfer, it is done
00:17:31in such a way that African countries are not
00:17:35undermined and that the relation is not
00:17:38parasitic and number three, that there is value
00:17:42addition in terms the products that
00:17:45Africa does, African countries produce and therefore
00:17:49market, and number four, to ensure that international rules
00:17:53of trade are not rules of trade that
00:17:56disadvantage the global south, and number five,
00:18:00to ensure that the Britain woods institutions are not run a
00:18:04manner that undermines the economic.
00:18:08stability these countries. We have seen, for example, when
00:18:12the United States of America and Europe are ruling the root as they
00:18:16do. One the thing that is used very effectively is
00:18:19sanctions, and when you are sanctioned, it means that you are no
00:18:23longer allowed to play in the international
00:18:27market as it were. Look at the whole idea of
00:18:31how bank transactions are undertaken, you
00:18:34either are within the swift system. which is
00:18:38run by the Americans or you are in the eyeb
00:18:42system, so that if you are in
00:18:45Nigeria in Abuja and you want to transfer money
00:18:49to Akra in Ghana, you use the Swift, which means that the
00:18:53intermediary bank is in New York or in
00:18:56some other country, yet you are in the immediate neighborhood, that
00:19:00if you are selling your coco from
00:19:04la codivoir and selling it to ana, if you
00:19:08can, then you discover that the currency to be used
00:19:12is dollar. if you are using cards, then you discover that
00:19:16you are not in control of your affairs, and this is
00:19:20why the St. Petersburg initiative and initiatives such
00:19:24as the bricks are saying that the time is now
00:19:28to do number of things which are going to
00:19:31liberate the global south from the
00:19:34control and there from from the machinations. the conceptual
00:19:38west, and what are those things? number one, that we must
00:19:42enhance south to south collaboration. the
00:19:46anchor countries in this particular initiative are of
00:19:50course uh, Brazil, the Russian
00:19:53Federation, China, India, South
00:19:56Africa and number of countries are now getting into that
00:20:00space. Nigeria is not not as
00:20:03fully worded as it should be, Ethiopia, Uganda, and the whole
00:20:07idea is that once you've started trading amongst
00:20:11yourselves, then you do number of things, you can use
00:20:15your currencies, if Kenya for example,
00:20:19is buying oil from the Russian
00:20:22Federation, it can be determined whether how do you
00:20:26use the Russian ruble, how do you use the Kenyan shilling
00:20:29if one is buying goods from
00:20:33China, how do we use the UN as against the
00:20:36Angolan? kwanza, how if you are buying from India,
00:20:40how do we use the rupee as against the
00:20:44Nigerian niira or using it against the
00:20:48Ganean CD? These are some the things
00:20:52that are being talked about when we talk about
00:20:55bricks. The other thing is in the area of
00:20:59artificial intelligence. Artificial
00:21:02intelligence, as we know it today, is area
00:21:06that is being dominated by
00:21:10the global north, but the global south is not too
00:21:14far away. The Russians, the Chinese, the Indians, the
00:21:17Brazilians are in that space. "the
00:21:20disadvantaged continent in that
00:21:23regard is the African continent, how are we going to
00:21:27leverage by collaboration, so that even when we
00:21:31have satellites out there, they are satellites which
00:21:35are controlled by friendly countries. the other thing that is
00:21:39important is tariffs, we have seen in the recent
00:21:43past how the American administration has used the
00:21:47instrument of tariffs to undermine." in
00:21:50Africans and to undermine the rest the world by
00:21:53imposing tariffs which are then transferred to the
00:21:57population and which have interfered with trade a
00:22:01monumental way, how are you going within the global
00:22:04south? and it must be remembered that in terms of
00:22:08population, if you talk about the global south and
00:22:12just give very rough numbers, you are talking about India with 1.5
00:22:15billion easy, you are talking about China with 1.2 billion i
00:22:20you are talking about Africa with 1.4 billion
00:22:23easily, you are talking about the Caribbeans, you are talking
00:22:27about the Brazilians, Latin America or South
00:22:31America, and you are talking about a Europe whose population is
00:22:34reducing and aging, so when one looks at the
00:22:38potentiality the global south, then one
00:22:42sees number of things that the only thing that it lacks
00:22:46is a coherent approach, and this is why
00:22:50there is argument and I think Development Bank is being now
00:22:54initiated which is going to put the global south together
00:22:58and in this regard African institutions can also be
00:23:02incorporated, African Development Bank, Afri Exim
00:23:05Bank, African Reinsurance institutions,
00:23:08and in that way there will be new
00:23:12world economic order, and what is the
00:23:15mantra for the new world economic order, the
00:23:19mantra. is one, not aid
00:23:22trade, not just trade on primary
00:23:26commodities, but value addition, and you've
00:23:30seen this in the recent past in the mining sector, for
00:23:33example, you're saying you want to take our uranium, build
00:23:37the factory that processes that uranium
00:23:41in our countries, you want to take our gold,
00:23:45build factory that processes our
00:23:48gold, you want to take our medicine or you want to take
00:23:52our plants which are used in the pharmaceutical industry, build the
00:23:56pharmaceutical industry in our place and we will
00:24:00transfer technology, so what does one
00:24:03see are very carefully choreographed
00:24:07rebellion against a world order that
00:24:11has been parasitic on the rest the world by
00:24:14using institutions that have been parasitic,
00:24:18the world and... particularly has failed to
00:24:22realize our potential because we
00:24:25receive usurious loans almost in the nature of
00:24:29Shilock from the Briton Woods institutions and
00:24:33this particular approach appears not to be
00:24:36working, the new economic order which is
00:24:40coming under the bricks and which can be
00:24:43mediated through institutions in the continent of
00:24:47Africa such as the African Union and through initiatives such as the
00:24:51Africa continent of free trade area, through initiatives and
00:24:55institutions such as the African Development Bank and the Afri
00:24:59Exim bank, and through collaborations which are
00:25:03useful, which will also entil using co
00:25:06local currencies, and one looks to an Africa that will work
00:25:10towards a single currency so that Africa
00:25:13dedolarizes, that is the new
00:25:17economic order that one looks
00:25:21towards as we talk about this new
00:25:24dispensation, which is going to be the last
00:25:28struggle, economic
00:25:30liberation. we continue this
00:25:33debate. it is debate that is useful, it unpacks the continent
00:25:37of Africa. we will see you next time, and
00:25:40we thank you for continuing to accompaning us
00:25:44in this
00:25:46journey.
00:25:53Every day across forests, highways, towns and
00:25:56villages, brave men and women stand watch so that Nigeria can
00:26:00sleep. They leave their families behind. confront danger head
00:26:03on and make sacrifices many of us will never see,
00:26:07yet the enemies of our nation continue their assault, they target
00:26:11our children, they murder innocent citizens, they force families
00:26:15from their homes, they turn thriving communities into places
00:26:19of fear and uncertainty, their goal is simple,
00:26:23to break our spirit, divide our people and steal
00:26:27the future of our nation, but Nigeria is stronger than
00:26:31terror as well command greater accountability, stronger security
00:26:35measures and more effective action from those entrusted with our safety,
00:26:38we must also play our part, support our security
00:26:42forces, salute their calantry, stand with those
00:26:46stand for us. if you see something, say
00:26:49something, let us be our brotherers keeper, we must
00:26:53never surrender to fear, despare or hopelessness.
00:26:57this is not the time for division, not by tribe, not
00:27:01by religion. not by region, not by
00:27:04political party, because terror recognizes no
00:27:08ethnicity, no faith and no ideology. its
00:27:11enemy is all of us and together, united as
00:27:15one people, we can defeat it for our children, for
00:27:19our communities, for our future, for
00:27:22Nigeria, join the movement, stand for our
00:27:26country, stand for one another, hashtag
00:27:30#unite against terror. I ride to
00:27:34request the kind approval the National Assembly, behind
00:27:38every decision, every vote, the eyes have you, and
00:27:41every heated debate lies the heartbit of
00:27:45democracy, this matter is very, very important, idea for roll you out
00:27:49of order, welcome to the place where it's all
00:27:51unfold,
00:27:57every week I take you inside the inner walkings the assembly
00:28:01where laws are shaped. Decisions are made and the future
00:28:05the nation is decided. The eyes have it. Join
00:28:08me. Adoyi and other season
00:28:11experts, analysts and law makers at the national
00:28:15assembly. As they uncover the rule stories behind the
00:28:18headlines and offer unfiltered inside on the
00:28:22most pressing issues the day. This is your
00:28:26Frontroll seat to the heart of power. Watch the Hallo
00:28:30Chambers every Saturday at 9. p.m. only
00:28:33on TBC News. In a world where
00:28:37news never sleeps, we're taking a giant leap into the
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00:28:44introduce new era in news broadcasting, but first
00:28:48let me introduce my special friend,
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00:29:02speaking your language and sharing your stories from english
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00:29:49ancos.
00:30:28That is really cool.
00:30:32in the kitchen, okay, she's not in the studio, i will get
00:30:36you later, don't worry, how
00:30:39is the identity of a passport,
00:30:43a barrier or an entry into i i
00:30:47know i'm entering on comfortable zones, but yeah, you see other
00:30:51nationals going through immigration easily until your green passport comes up and
00:30:55then the official sits up suddenly now work has started
00:30:58you know