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00:00:40with the price set
00:01:01I... also know from information
00:01:13Forest and land fires, or 'karhutla', in Indonesia have once again become
00:01:16the focus of the Southeast Asian region. Since August
00:01:192026, the smoke from land fires in Kalimantan,
00:01:23for example, has had a direct impact on air quality in
00:01:26Sarawak, Malaysia. This condition has even led to the closure
00:01:30of hundreds of schools in Malaysia to protect the health of the
00:01:33students. The issue of karhutla is no longer just
00:01:37an internal environmental problem, but also a diplomatic challenge
00:01:40for Indonesia. The Indonesian government continues to make efforts
00:01:44to extinguish fires through ground and air operations,
00:01:47weather modification, and monitoring of smoke
00:01:50spread. President Prabowo Subianto also directly inspected
00:01:54the fire sites in West Kalimantan.
00:01:57However, amidst these efforts, Indonesia still faces
00:02:01the challenge of balancing its authority in managing
00:02:04its own territory with the responsibility to address the impact
00:02:07of cross-border smoke. Amidst
00:02:11the impact of cross-border smoke, Indonesia is also strengthening
00:02:15cooperation with neighboring countries, one of which
00:02:18is through coordination with Malaysia in efforts
00:02:21to modify the weather and exchange data and
00:02:25coordination through the ASEAN mechanism. This step is
00:02:28part of Indonesia's efforts
00:02:32to handle forest fires while maintaining relations with countries in
00:02:34the region. One of these cooperation instruments is
00:02:38the ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution or
00:02:42AATP, which serves as a foundation for member
00:02:45countries to coordinate and exchange information.
00:02:49Nevertheless, the recurrence of the haze crisis due to forest fires
00:02:53raises questions about the extent to which ASEAN
00:02:57countries are capable of compliance and taking
00:03:00more effective
00:03:02handling decisions.
00:03:21serious problem. The government continues to carry out extinguishing and prevention efforts,
00:03:24while the impact of haze is also a concern for neighboring countries,
00:03:27especially Malaysia. Diplomatically,
00:03:30the Indonesian government has communicated with Malaysia to
00:03:33explain the steps for handling forest fires, including
00:03:36the deployment of personnel and air fleet. So, how can diplomacy
00:03:40go hand in hand with prevention, environmental protection, and
00:03:44law enforcement? We will discuss this tonight with our speakers
00:03:47who are connected online and also present in the studio. There is Mr.
00:03:51Ogiandavis Juanda as an international
00:03:55law and global justice observer. Good evening, Mr. Ogi, greetings
00:03:58to you, and we are also connected online with Mr. Muhammad Hidayat,
00:04:02an expert staff member of Bakom Republik Indonesia, and also Mr.
00:04:05Wahyu Perdana, Advocacy Manager and Campaign for Pantau Gambut.
00:04:09Good evening, Mr. Hidayat and Mr. Wahyu, greetings
00:04:12to you all. Good evening, Mr.
00:04:15Fahmi. Good evening, Mr. Hidayat and
00:04:19Mr. Fahmi. Yes, Mr. Ogi, Mr. Wahyu. Yes, good evening, Mr.
00:04:23Yes, before I go to Mr. Hidayat and also Mr. Wahyu, I'll go to Mr. Ogi
00:04:26first. Mr. Ogi, if we look at the haze when
00:04:30it crosses national borders, of course, this is no longer just a
00:04:34domestic issue. Well, from the perspective of
00:04:37international law, how should Indonesia position itself
00:04:41in dealing with this cross-border impact, sir? Yes, first we
00:04:45must emphasize again that the problem of forest and
00:04:49land fires occurring today in several regions of Indonesia, in Kalimantan
00:04:52and Sumatra, including Sulawesi, is not an ordinary
00:04:56domestic problem or a problem of a
00:04:58development region in the Republic of Indonesia. But we must see it far beyond
00:05:02that, that there is an impact that is then caused by these
00:05:06it earlier, and I said forest and land fires. The impact is also very significant,
00:05:09not only causing air pollution.
00:05:13Air pollution, health, even if we look at
00:05:17various media, these forest
00:05:20and land fires then also cause an impact on economic
00:05:24and transportation activities in several regions, not only in
00:05:27the territory of the Republic of Indonesia, but also then it has become cross-border,
00:05:31meaning it has reached several neighboring countries. We can
00:05:35mention the Philippines there, there is also
00:05:38Brunei Darussalam, and even Malaysia. This means
00:05:42that... what we are facing today is no longer a national problem of a country,
00:05:45no longer a domestic problem of a country, but has reached
00:05:49the level of a diplomatic issue and also an
00:05:52international problem. Well, I think this is important to emphasize that
00:05:56we cannot see the problem of forest fires
00:06:00and land fires as merely a regional problem. So,
00:06:03the steps that need to be taken by the government are also steps that I
00:06:07think need more effective, stronger,
00:06:11and bigger steps in order to tackle
00:06:15the problem of forest and land fires, especially since this haze is
00:06:18so thick if we look at various media.
00:06:22I think Indonesia certainly needs to take extraordinary
00:06:25actions that not only rely on domestic
00:06:29instruments, but also need to conduct international
00:06:33cooperation with countries that are then
00:06:36affected by these forest and land fires. I think that's it.
00:06:40Well, and Indonesia has also... Of course, contacted foreign parties,
00:06:44especially Malaysia. They are collaborating,
00:06:47and hopefully, it will go well. There are also neighboring countries
00:06:51like Japan that have helped us, of course. Now, if
00:06:55Mr. Ogi sees how this relationship will work out,
00:06:58is it possible that the suspicion is that
00:07:02neighboring countries will not be happy, it won't go smoothly, or maybe
00:07:05it can go according to plan? In principle, it's like this: if
00:07:08we mitigate or try
00:07:11to overcome the events that are happening today, forest
00:07:15and land fires, and then they cause a haze impact on neighboring
00:07:18countries, I think the primary priority that the Indonesian
00:07:22government must put forward is to establish cooperation with the most affected
00:07:25countries, namely Malaysia, Brunei Darussalam, and also
00:07:28the Philippines. Well, I think we are bound by an
00:07:31international agreement, there is the
00:07:34ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution of 2002, which
00:07:38our country has also ratified through
00:07:42our national legal instrument, through Law No.
00:07:4526 of 2014. I
00:07:47think in the ASEAN agreement, it is very
00:07:51clear and very obvious that what must be done
00:07:54by our government is, of course, to establish cooperation with countries
00:07:58that are members or part of the
00:08:01ASEAN agreement, namely the countries of Southeast Asia.
00:08:04Well, I think in today's situation, then
00:08:07the main focus of the government, I think, is not on
00:08:11countries that are not affected. Of course, what needs to be prioritized
00:08:15first is to establish cooperation,
00:08:17coordination. There is no need to be ashamed to ask for help from
00:08:21neighboring countries such as Malaysia, the Philippines, and
00:08:24also Brunei Darussalam, because these four countries
00:08:28are interconnected regarding the event of forest
00:08:31and land fires. I think that's what needs to be put forward by
00:08:35our government. Well then, Mr. Hidayat. Mr. Hidayat, we
00:08:39know that the data I obtained from the Ministry of Forestry
00:08:42recorded 1201 hotspots with high confidence
00:08:46until October 6th, and it has started to
00:08:49decrease from the previous 1359 hotspots
00:08:52the day before. Well, Mr. Hidayat, forest fires are still
00:08:56occurring in a number of regions in Indonesia, and even
00:09:00the haze has an impact on neighboring countries, especially Malaysia. How
00:09:04does the government view this situation, and
00:09:07what steps are being taken to overcome
00:09:10it until now?
00:09:13Good, thank you Mr. Fahmi, thank you Mr. Ogi for your input, and
00:09:17Mr. Wahyu is here. So, the point is, before that, let's
00:09:20pray for the struggles of all elements in the field.
00:09:24If we look at the data, there are 69,190
00:09:28personnel from various elements who are currently struggling, both ground task force and
00:09:32air task force. The point is that
00:09:34currently, of course, the Indonesian government,
00:09:38especially President Prabowo, clarifies
00:09:42that these forest fires are one of the priorities in
00:09:46handling them, as Mr. Ogi mentioned in various
00:09:49places. We can see that
00:09:52diplomacy has become a crucial point
00:09:56where he is concerned about
00:09:59various impacts occurring due to
00:10:02forest fires. The diplomacy of the ASEAN
00:10:05Agreement on Haze Pollution, which we have
00:10:09ratified on October 14, 2014.
00:10:12Then, this diplomacy, the essence
00:10:15of it is how we agree to carry out
00:10:19prevention, monitoring, and also mitigation and emergency
00:10:22response. And I think in ASEAN, it's not just
00:10:26diplomacy related to forest fires. We can
00:10:29refer to collaboration
00:10:32within the AHA Centre. We have the ASEAN Coordinating
00:10:36Centre for Humanitarian Assistance on Disaster Management in the humanitarian
00:10:39and disaster aspect. The point is that currently we are also struggling
00:10:43in handling on the ground, namely
00:10:46including law enforcement. So,
00:10:49we agree that the handling of forest fires
00:10:53is not only from the perspective of on-the-ground
00:10:56handling, but supervision is important.
00:11:00So, it can be said that forest fires are not only an aspect of forests and
00:11:04the environment, but governance, this governance is what we
00:11:08must all improve, and there must be collaboration among various
00:11:11stakeholders. That's it, sir. Well, what actually happened with the
00:11:15repetition that always occurs every year,
00:11:19Mr. Hidayat, when forest fires
00:11:22keep happening, usually
00:11:26that perhaps people are burning trash
00:11:29manually, right? They even burn it without
00:11:32extinguishing it properly, right? And also
00:11:36there might be some parties from perhaps
00:11:39factories, they burn it intentionally. So, what will
00:11:43the future prevention and mitigation efforts be like, Mr.
00:11:46Sidain?
00:11:49Well, we agree that El Nino is
00:11:52one of the triggers. From 2015,
00:11:562019, 2023, that's the data from the Ministry of Forestry when
00:12:00the El Nino phase occurred,
00:12:02fires or forest fires increased.
00:12:05And the point is prevention, prevention, and
00:12:08yesterday President called
00:12:11and discussed with 22 peatland expert researchers. Perhaps
00:12:15later, we also ask for input
00:12:18from Mr. Wahyu regarding Pantau Gambut. Several
00:12:22inputs from Mr. Wahyu have also been read and
00:12:25seen in various discussions, and also
00:12:29the existence of the Peatland and Mangrove Management Agency
00:12:32at the national level, this has become one mitigation where
00:12:36the president stated that changing the paradigm
00:12:39from reactive. Reactive, that means when
00:12:42forest fires occur, we only then
00:12:46scramble to take action. However, when we change
00:12:50from reactive to preventive, one of them is the Peatland
00:12:53and National Management Agency. This has become one
00:12:57of our efforts and endeavors as a government so that it does not
00:13:00happen every year repeatedly, these forest fires.
00:13:03Well, I'll go to Mr.
00:13:07Wahyu, Mr. Wahyu, if we look at the forest fires that happen
00:13:10every year, even though the government certainly doesn't
00:13:13just sit idly by. Many methods are certainly
00:13:16carried out to extinguish them. So, from the monitoring
00:13:20of Pantau Gambut, what is the fundamental problem
00:13:24that makes fires in peatland areas so difficult to stop permanently, Mr.
00:13:28Wahyu? First, it must
00:13:31be realized that the haze or smoke that is created is
00:13:34the main dominant indicator of burning in peatland
00:13:40peatland ecosystems cannot then
00:13:42be immediately
00:13:45extinguished at that very moment. So, if
00:13:48there is clearing in peatland areas, it means the
00:13:51drying process was carried out beforehand. Now,
00:13:55according to our records and canal maps, it can
00:13:58be seen that the length of these canals is approximately the length of the Trans Java
00:14:02highway, back and forth 120 times. So, there is a systematic
00:14:05drying effort. If I quote Mr. Ogi
00:14:08Juanda earlier, don't be ashamed to
00:14:12ask for outside help. I think it is also important
00:14:15to reflect and also be open that there is
00:14:19a problem in the context of peatland governance. It is important
00:14:22to remember that the Peatland Restoration Agency and Mangrove Restoration Agency were
00:14:26previously disbanded and then an initiative emerged. We were involved
00:14:30in discussions at Dikti and continued at the Ministry
00:14:33of Forestry with almost more than 100 experts
00:14:36and specialists, most of whom were actually
00:14:40experts and specialists involved in BRG and
00:14:42BRGM in the previous period. Now, this is a
00:14:46note. Secondly, if we then look
00:14:49at the important statistical data, it is also important to
00:14:53see that there is a very large concession responsibility. Then some
00:14:56of these concessions are from neighboring countries, but then
00:15:00this responsibility cannot be ignored or passed on, because
00:15:04then the licensing process in peatland
00:15:07ecosystems, even though it is prohibited and they get permits,
00:15:11is within our authority. Meanwhile, ATTHP is
00:15:14in the realm of disaster coordination, so it is not
00:15:18included in the realm of law enforcement, not included in the context
00:15:22of considerations and ensuring
00:15:25that the raw material flow, supply
00:15:28chain, or money comes from a damaged context.
00:15:32Our records, for example, show a significant leap from post-July
00:15:36to August and September. The total
00:15:39peatland ecosystem identified as having forest
00:15:42fire hotspots reached 294,375.
00:15:45It's a bit different to read
00:15:48hotspots
00:15:50with
00:15:52high confidence compared to peatland ecosystems whose hotspots are also
00:15:55partially below the surface. That's what's important
00:15:59to note, that there was an
00:16:02increase in El Nino from July
00:16:05to August. The increase
00:16:08in hotspots was only in the peatland hydrological units. At least we noted
00:16:11a 1006% increase, but it cannot
00:16:15be seen as a standalone factor. El Nino must
00:16:19be seen as a risk factor. The BMKG
00:16:22warned long before, then
00:16:25there are many satellites
00:16:29that can be read showing that the risk is high.
00:16:32If the peatland ecosystem is maintained, because naturally,
00:16:35peat is wet. So, in many environmental studies,
00:16:39it is actually more often referred to as a peatland swamp
00:16:43ecosystem. In our regulations, the map
00:16:46of the ecosystem in the Ministry of Forestry is known as a peatland hydrological
00:16:49regulate the groundwater level
00:16:53to be 40 cm, or simply put, if we
00:16:56dig a hole in a peatland ecosystem, it should be
00:17:0040 cm to find water. If then that regulation
00:17:03is enforced, it is impossible for
00:17:07fires to occur. I think in this context,
00:17:11it is a big lesson, because this is post-2015
00:17:14and entering 2026. This is
00:17:18cumulative in the same period, increasing more
00:17:22than before. So, I think this is a warning not only in
00:17:26the context of rapid emergency response and in the context of international
00:17:29relations, talking about joint emergency response,
00:17:33but also the context of how this does not happen in the coming
00:17:37period, because the flow of money and
00:17:40the flow of raw materials that come from burnt peatland ecosystems
00:17:43do not stop only in Indonesia. I think that's
00:17:47the note, and if we look at our spatial
00:17:50study, for example, in the fact
00:17:53sheet we just released, not only Malaysia, Singapore, there
00:17:57is Brunei, there is the Philippines, besides the two
00:18:00countries where the haze mass is quite long, those with a haze
00:18:03period of only 1 to 3 days, Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand are also
00:18:07affected. So, I think this is a
00:18:11big note that resolution and emergency
00:18:14response are not enough. The context of long-term governance
00:18:18so that this does not recur in future periods. I think
00:18:22that's some notes. How do you do it, sir?
00:18:25Planting 40 cm, and below it there is
00:18:29water so that it doesn't burn. Perhaps
00:18:32the incident of forest fires happening again,
00:18:36there must be a method, right?
00:18:38If the groundwater level must
00:18:42be fulfilled, it means that actually
00:18:45we used to have an approach called PIPIT in the previous period,
00:18:49an indicative map of new permit delays in
00:18:52the context of forest fires. Currently, this is actually a
00:18:55momentum that requires a moratorium on not
00:18:59opening new peatlands. It is also
00:19:02in the peatland ecosystem. So, there are some ecosystems that
00:19:06are very vulnerable if opened and already. It is not
00:19:09something that can be restored. So,
00:19:12it is important, and what must be seen, I think,
00:19:16is not only in the context of concessions, community
00:19:19land, because we found
00:19:22a new pattern. If in the BRG BRGM era,
00:19:25we conducted joint monitoring in the Sumatra Kalimantan area,
00:19:29there was a new open area that started to burn,
00:19:33and the smoke even reached South Papua.
00:19:36Ironically,
00:19:38we see that it is within the forest area release
00:19:42decree SK 591 that was issued. I think the context is not
00:19:46only in the context of forest fire governance but also in the context of evaluating
00:19:49what policies have been implemented
00:20:40they said many times,
00:20:43for years, without intervention, no country, related
00:20:47to food security, Bulog has conducted
00:20:50absorption of unhulled rice and rice in
00:20:53the Yogyakarta region by forming a
00:20:57team called the 'Jemput Gabah' (Picking Up Unhulled Rice) team. The harvest
00:21:00from farmers is directly
00:21:03taken to the fields. Of course, farmers can
00:21:06enjoy good prices, better
00:21:09than when farmers
00:21:12sell to traders or
00:21:15collectors.
00:21:18First of all, I would like to thank Mr. President Prabowo who has
00:21:22launched the food security program with a price
00:21:24of Rp6,500, especially for dried harvested
00:21:27unhulled rice, and we are very happy
00:21:30by the government, and
00:21:33we want this program not to stop this season.
00:21:37We hope this program will last for 5 to 10 years
00:21:40to come. Farmers truly desire
00:21:44this program, which truly helps farmers. Thank you
00:21:47to Mr. President Prabowo. who
00:21:50has bought farmers' unhulled rice at
00:21:53a price of 6,500 per kilogram. Let's support food
00:21:57security, smart farmers, prosperous people.
00:22:20President Prabowo Subianto has held a limited meeting discussing
00:22:24the handling of forest fires in several regions of Indonesia, held at the presidential
00:22:27palace in Jakarta. The head of state instructed to
00:22:31continue optimizing the handling of forest fires. Here is a statement
00:22:34from the Coordinating Minister for Political and Security Affairs, Dudung
00:22:37Abdulrahman.
00:22:41The priority in Central Kalimantan is Tanjung Kurutin or
00:22:45around the national park, because
00:22:48there are animals there, and
00:22:52then the report from the head of
00:22:55PBD states that the
00:22:59operational helicopters have
00:23:01been deployed and more dominantly for
00:23:05ground operations, because it is indeed difficult to reach
00:23:08from the air because the smoke
00:23:12is too thick. Then
00:23:15also, Mr. President stated
00:23:19that we have intervened
00:23:22as much as possible. He expressed his gratitude to
00:23:26all military personnel, both TNI, Police,
00:23:30including all components involved
00:23:33there, because the achievement has become even more
00:23:36maximal. We estimate that it is only around
00:23:39690 hectares, and this is continuously
00:23:43being pursued, including
00:23:46mitigation operations,
00:23:49including weather control by
00:23:53BMKG, and hopefully this will be quickly
00:23:56resolved. Then the second thing is that
00:24:00there will indeed be a national peatland and
00:24:03mangrove management agency.
00:24:05So, hopefully next week it can
00:24:08be inaugurated. Then he also
00:24:11conveyed that prevention must be
00:24:14precise, and then this must be mitigated
00:24:17from the regional level.
00:24:21Even community care groups are also formed to
00:24:24be coordinated by Babinsa,
00:24:28Karang Taruna, and
00:24:31local governments that are integrated so that
00:24:35handling is not sudden when the fire
00:24:39is already there, but before
00:24:42the possibilities of fire being there,
00:24:45prevention is carried out.
00:24:48Then also
00:24:51he also conveyed to
00:24:54conduct massive campaigns about
00:24:57prevention.
00:25:00Yes, we can also see that not only humans
00:25:04are affected by these forest fires,
00:25:08but also many animals and protected wildlife are
00:25:12affected, one of them being orangutans, right, Mr. Ogi,
00:25:15if we look. Well, Mr. Ogi, Indonesia and a number of ASEAN
00:25:19countries have a cooperation framework regarding
00:25:23how the cross-border haze
00:25:26pollution can be overcome, right? Well, if Mr.
00:25:30Ogi sees how effective this regional cooperation instrument
00:25:34is, can it be implemented well,
00:25:37and what still needs to be strengthened so that it doesn't
00:25:40just stop at diplomatic commitments, Mr.?
00:25:43Yes, before that, I I want to emphasize
00:25:47regarding the issue of diplomacy, yes, we often
00:25:51misunderstand diplomacy as a way
00:25:54out to solve a problem or issue, yes.
00:25:58I think diplomacy should be formed from the beginning to
00:26:01do it.
00:26:06In other words, in practice, most countries take diplomatic steps when there is
00:26:09already a problem, there is already a disaster. Diplomacy
00:26:13should be strengthened from the beginning so that the disaster does not occur. That is the first thing.
00:26:16The second thing is that it is true that I mentioned earlier that at the regional level
00:26:20itself, the ASEAN regions,
00:26:23ASEAN countries, including
00:26:25Indonesia, Singapore, the Philippines, and
00:26:29so on, have indeed established
00:26:32cooperation through the ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary
00:26:36Haze Pollution. The purpose is to then
00:26:39prevent, as well as monitor, and at the same time
00:26:43mitigate or deal with transboundary
00:26:47pollution or environmental damage problems. Well,
00:26:50as I said earlier, we have ratified
00:26:54it with our national law, Law Number 26 of 2014.
00:26:58But if the question then is whether the ASEAN Agreement is
00:27:01effective or not, first, it's like this: if we
00:27:05talk about the ASEAN Agreement, the ASEAN Agreement
00:27:08contains the rights and obligations of a country. In the ASEAN
00:27:12Agreement, it is indeed mandatory that countries must
00:27:15take or adopt important and
00:27:19effective steps to then not only
00:27:21prevent but also monitor and at the same time
00:27:24mitigate. That is the first thing. The second thing is that
00:27:28if we talk about this ASEAN Agreement, it talks about
00:27:31rights, yes, sometimes there are clashes of rights and obligations
00:27:35that then in practice
00:27:38they clash with each other. Let's talk about
00:27:41this: if in international law, especially in
00:27:44international environmental law, there is a principle called the no
00:27:48harm principle, which is also then included
00:27:51in the ASEAN
00:27:54Agreement in Article 3 paragraph 1, it divides
00:27:58between the rights and obligations of a country. Countries have
00:28:01the right to manage their territory,
00:28:05manage their environment, manage their natural resources, but there is an obligation
00:28:09in it that the obligation is to then use
00:28:12its territory carefully and also responsibly. Well,
00:28:16this principle also obliges countries to
00:28:20then prevent all
00:28:23activities or actions that occur within
00:28:26the jurisdiction of its country that can cause environmental damage,
00:28:30environmental pollution, air pollution, and also other actions that can
00:28:34harm other countries. This means that in terms of
00:28:37the legal instrument of the ASEAN Agreement, I think it is already good because it already
00:28:41provides an obligation for countries to prevent such things. But in
00:28:44practice, indeed, we need to realize that this ASEAN
00:28:48Agreement does not provide fines
00:28:51and sanctions when the obligation is violated. In other words,
00:28:55when problems arise between countries that
00:28:58are parties to the ASEAN Agreement, then
00:29:02Article 27 of the ASEAN Agreement provides a mechanism
00:29:05for resolution, which is through consolidation and negotiation.
00:29:08Well, I think this is what our country, Indonesia, needs to promote
00:29:12in overcoming the problem of forest and land fires. Moreover,
00:29:16the haze has reached neighboring countries, meaning
00:29:19that transboundary haze pollution has already occurred.
00:29:23Well, we, once again, need to then encourage
00:29:27what I mentioned earlier, encourage coordination and cooperation
00:29:30between countries
00:29:32that are parties to the ASEAN Agreement
00:29:36to then jointly, I think,
00:29:40help solve this problem.
00:29:43If I highlighted earlier the statement made
00:29:46by the Coordinating Minister for Political, Legal, and Security Affairs, he said that there were already
00:29:50mechanisms for mitigation. I think it's not
00:29:53broad enough, because we are not
00:29:57in a situation today where the impact is so
00:30:00widespread, it has already reached the airspace
00:30:04of other countries, so I think not
00:30:07only do we need to involve national instruments,
00:30:11but international instruments also need to be involved. External parties also
00:30:14need to then be involved. Well,
00:30:17I think we also need to encourage
00:30:21the government to then not only utilize the existing instruments
00:30:25domestically but also then involve the participation of
00:30:28interested parties in this, like that. Okay.
00:30:32To Mas Hidayat, Mas Hidayat, how can the government
00:30:36ensure that the handling of forest and land fires does not only focus on
00:30:39extinguishing them, as Mas Ogi also said, but also
00:30:42prevents repeated fires every year,
00:30:44like that.
00:30:47Yes, thank you. Let me explain earlier
00:30:49regarding AATHP first, regarding how
00:30:53actually in 2020 until 2024,
00:30:56the designation of strengthening regional commitments and
00:31:01between regions. ASEAN has the ASEAN Haze
00:31:04Monitoring System version 2.0. Mas Ogi also mentioned
00:31:09at the beginning that this ASEAN
00:31:12Agreement diplomacy covers three things: prevention,
00:31:16monitoring, and mitigation, and emergency response. Then, the